Attkisson et al v. Bridges et al
Filing
115
CORRECTED MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Julie Rebecca Rubin on 2/6/2024. (kb3s, Deputy Clerk)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND
SHARYL THOMPSON ATTKISSON, et al.,
Plaintiffs,
Civil No. 1:20-cv-00068-JRR
v.
SHAUN WESLEY BRIDGES, et al.,
Defendants.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
This matter comes before the court on Defendant Shaun Bridges’ Motion for Summary
Judgment. (ECF No. 109; the “Motion.”) The court has reviewed all papers. No hearing is
necessary. Local Rule 105.6 (D. Md. 2023). For the reasons that follow, by accompanying order,
the Motion will be granted.
I.
BACKGROUND
Plaintiff Sharyl Attkisson (“Attkisson”) was an investigative news reporter at CBS News.
(Second Amended Complaint, ECF No. 35 ¶ 10.) Plaintiff Sarah Attkisson is the daughter of
Attkisson. (First Amended Complaint, ECF No. 15 ¶ 11.) Defendant Sean Bridges was a Special
Agent with the United States Secret Service. (ECF No. 35 ¶ 4.) The instant case arises from
Defendant Bridges’ alleged unlawful surveillance and hacking of Plaintiffs’ computer systems.
Id. ¶ 6.
A.
Procedural History
Upon discovery of the alleged hacking of their computers and phones, in December 2014,
Plaintiffs filed suit in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia against the former U.S.
Attorney General Eric Holder, former Postmaster General Patrick Donahoe, and unknown agents
of the Department of Justice (“DOJ”), the United States Postal Service (“USPS”), and the United
States as “Doe” defendants, alleging violations of the First and Fourth Amendments to the U.S.
Constitution based on the alleged electronic intrusions on their devices. See Attkisson v. Holder,
et al., 113 F. Supp. 3d 156, 159 (D.D.C. 2015). Defendants Holder and Donahoe removed the
case to the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. Id. at 159. The case was then
transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia; the court dismissed the
complaint. Attkisson v. Holder, et al., No. 1:17-cv-364, 2017 WL 5013230 (E.D. Va. Nov. 1,
2017). The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit affirmed the dismissal. Attkisson
v. Holder et al., 925 F.3d 606 (4th Cir. 2019).
On January 10, 2020, Plaintiffs filed suit in this court against Defendants Rod Rosenstein,
Shawn Henry, Shaun Wesley Bridges, Robert Clarke, Ryan White, and unnamed government
officials, alleging violation of the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution pursuant to Bivens v. Six
Unknown Federal Narcotics Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971) (Count I); and violation of the Electronic
Communications Privacy Act (“ECPA”), 18 U.S.C. §§ 2511 and 2520 (Count II). (Complaint,
ECF No. 1.)
On February 14, 2020, Plaintiffs filed an Amended Complaint.
(Amended
Complaint; ECF No. 15.) On April 13, 2020, Defendants Shawn Henry and Rod Rosenstein filed
a motion to dismiss. (ECF No. 17.) The court granted the motion, dismissed the Amended
Complaint with prejudice as to Defendants Henry and Rosenstein, sua sponte dismissed the
Amended Complaint without prejudice as to the other Defendants, and allowed Plaintiffs the
opportunity to address the venue defect 1 in the Amended Complaint. (ECF Nos. 31 and 32.)
The court concluded that “[t]he facts as currently pled are not ‘sufficiently substantial’ to support a finding that the
District of Maryland is a proper venue for this suit.” (ECF No. 31 at 17.)
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2
On April 5, 2021, Plaintiffs filed the Second Amended Complaint against Defendants
Shaun Bridges, Ryan White, 2 and unknown named agents of the DOJ. (ECF No. 35.) On
November 12, 2021, Defendant Bridges filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, which
the court granted in part and denied in part. (ECF Nos. 58 and 71.) The motion, construed as a
motion to dismiss pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(c), was granted as to Plaintiffs’
Bivens claim (Count I) and denied as to Plaintiffs’ ECPA claim (Count II). (ECF No. 71.) On
January 4, 2022, the court issued a scheduling order. (ECF No. 72.) Between January 2022 and
September 2022, the court amended the scheduling order on multiple occasions to extend
discovery. (See ECF Nos. 74, 79, 83, and 87.)
On November 11, 2022, Plaintiffs filed a motion to amend the scheduling order and
Defendant opposed. (ECF Nos. 88 and 89.) Plaintiffs requested to amend the scheduling order,
in part, for the following reason:
On October 31, 2022, the Plaintiffs received a letter from the
Department of Justice (DOJ) denying the “Touhy” 3 request to
depose a list of agents and employees of the DOJ, FBI, Inspector
General, and U.S. Postal Service (approximately 6 witnesses). The
requests date back to June and July of 2022, and the denial is based
on the Government’s reliance on the Touhy requirements. As the
Court is aware, until the Agency’s final administrative action is
taken, parties are without authority to proceed. Given that the
witnesses requested were either involved in the actual investigation
of the subject electronics; involved in the actual investigation of the
alleged illegal surveillance; or possess factual information relevant
to the alleged illegal surveillance, the Plaintiff is in the process of
filing appropriate motions to litigate the denial of access to the facts
and seek court assistance.
On December 22, 2021, the Clerk of Court entered default as to Ryan White. (ECF No. 67.)
“Pursuant to 5 U.S.C.A. § 301, executive branch agencies may prescribe regulations for their own internal
governance, conduct of business, record keeping, and document custody.” COMSAT Corp. v. Nat’l Science Found.,
190 F.3d 269, 272 n.3 (4th Cir. 1999). “Such regulations are commonly known as ‘housekeeping’ regulations, and
do not authorize the agency to withhold information from the public.” Id. “Housekeeping regulations that create
agency procedures for responding to subpoenas are often termed Touhy regulations, in reference to the Supreme
Court’s decision in United States ex rel. Touhy v. Ragen, 340 U.S. 462, 71 S. Ct. 416, 95 L.Ed. 417 (1951)).” Id.
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(ECF No. 88 at 2.) The court denied the motion to amend the scheduling order and ordered that
the parties file a single, joint letter setting forth their respective positions as to a stay of the action
to allow Plaintiffs to pursue judicial review 4 of DOJ’s denial of Plaintiffs’ Touhy requests. (ECF
No. 92.) On January 31, 2023, upon consideration of the parties’ joint request, the court amended
the scheduling order. (ECF No. 95.) On May 2, 2023, Plaintiffs filed a motion for a status
conference noting that some discovery remained outstanding. (ECF No. 103.) The court held a
status conference and declined to amend the scheduling order again. (ECF No. 106.)
On June 1, 2023, Defendant Bridges filed the instant Motion. (ECF No. 109.) Defendant
Bridges moves for summary judgment on Plaintiffs’ ECPA claim on the basis that Plaintiffs have
developed no evidence to support their claim against him. (ECF No. 109-1 at 17-21.) Defendant
Bridges further argues that Plaintiffs cannot oppose the Motion by way of a Rule 56(d) affidavit
because they have had ample time and opportunity to develop discovery to support their case. Id.
at 22-24.
B.
Undisputed Material Facts
During Defendant’s time with the Secret Service between 2009 and 2015, he was not tasked
with conducting electronic surveillance or monitoring of any person. (Def.’s Mot., Shaun Bridges
Dep., Exhibit L, ECF No. 109-14 at 42:7-24.) Defendant was neither asked to conduct, nor did he
conduct, surveillance or monitoring of Attkisson or her family. Id. at 42:19-24.
On January 23, 2015, the DOJ Office of Inspector General (“OIG”) investigated Plaintiffs’
allegations that Attkisson’s personal laptop and two work laptops “were remotely compromised
“A party challenging an agency’s Touhy-based denial of a subpoena or request for testimony ‘must proceed under
the APA, and the federal court will review the agency’s decision not to permit its employee to testify under an
‘arbitrary and capricious’ standard.’” Bobreski v. U.S. E.P.A., 284 F. Supp. 2d 67, 73-74 (D.D.C. 2003) (quoting
Houston Business Journal v. Office of Comptroller of Currency, 86 F.3d 1208, 1212 n.4 (D.C. Cir. 1996)). “The party
challenging the denial bears the burden of showing that the denial was arbitrary and capricious, and must make a
strong showing that the testimony is necessary.” Id.
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by an unknown intruder.” (Def.’s Mot., DOJ OIG Report, Exhibit K, ECF No. 109-13.) The DOJ
OIG concluded that its “investigation was not able to substantiate the allegations that Attkisson’s
computers were subject to remote intrusion by FBI, other government personnel, or otherwise.”
Id.
Mark McLarnon, an employee at the cybersecurity firm CyberPoint, analyzed Attkisson’s
CBS computers. (Def.’s Mot., Mark McLarnon Dep., Exhibit N, ECF No. 109 at 4:16-5:4.) In
his forensic analysis, McLarnon concluded that one of the laptops was subject to an unauthorized
interaction, but his review and analysis did not demonstrate that any unauthorized interaction was
the result of a remote intrusion. (Def.’s Mot., Mark McLarnon Dep., Exhibit N, ECF No. 109 at
22:16-23:19, 49:9-21.) CyberPoint’s McLarnon did not attribute any unauthorized interaction to
a specific source, entity, or person. Id. at 49:22-50:1.
II.
LEGAL STANDARD
Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides that a court “shall grant summary
judgment if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the
movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” FED. R. CIV. P. 56(c). A material fact is one
that “might affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law.” Libertarian Party of Va. v.
Judd, 718 F.3d 308, 313 (4th Cir. 2013) (quoting Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242,
248 (1986)). A genuine dispute of material fact exists “if the evidence is such that a reasonable
jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.” Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248.
When
considering a motion for summary judgment, a judge’s function is limited to determining whether
sufficient evidence exists on a claimed factual dispute to warrant submission of the matter to a jury
for resolution at trial. Id. at 249. Trial courts in the Fourth Circuit have an “affirmative
obligation . . . to prevent factually unsupported claims and defenses from proceeding to trial.”
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Bouchat v. Balt. Ravens Football Club, Inc., 346 F.3d 514, 526 (4th Cir. 2003) (quoting Drewitt
v. Pratt, 999 F.2d 774, 778-79 (4th Cir. 1993)). If the moving party demonstrates “an absence of
evidence to support the nonmoving party’s case,” the burden shifts to the nonmoving party to
“present specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Humphreys & Partners
Architects, L.P. v. Lessard Design, Inc., 790 F.3d 532, 540 (4th Cir. 2015). “To create a genuine
issue for trial, ‘the nonmoving party must rely on more than conclusory allegations, mere
speculation, the building of one inference upon another, or the mere existence of a scintilla of
evidence.’” Id. (quoting Dash v. Mayweather, 731 F.3d 303, 311 (4th Cir. 2013). “In other words,
a factual dispute is genuine only where ‘the non-movant’s version is supported by sufficient
evidence to permit a reasonable jury to find’ in its favor.” Id. (quoting Stone v. Univ. of Md. Med.
Sys. Corp., 855 F.2d 167, 175 (4th Cir. 1988).
In undertaking this inquiry, the court considers the facts and all reasonable inferences in
the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Libertarian Party of Va., 718 F.3d at 312; see
also Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 378 (2007). The court “must not weigh evidence or make
credibility determinations.” Foster v. Univ. of Md.-Eastern Shore, 787 F.3d 243, 248 (4th Cir.
2015) (citing Mercantile Peninsula Bank v. French, 499 F.3d 345, 352 (4th Cir. 2007)); see also
Jacobs v. N.C. Admin. Office of the Courts, 780 F.3d 562, 569 (4th Cir. 2015) (explaining that the
trial court may not make credibility determinations at the summary judgment stage). Indeed, it is
the function of the fact-finder to resolve factual disputes, including issues of witness credibility.
Tolan v. Cotton, 134 S. Ct. 1861, 1866-68 (2014).
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III.
ANALYSIS
A.
Rule 56(d)
Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56(d), Plaintiffs argue that the court should
deny the Motion or defer ruling on it because Plaintiffs cannot present facts essential to justify
their opposition. (ECF No. 110 at 1.)
“Rule 56(d) provides that a district court must defer ruling on a summary-judgment motion
if the party opposing the motion ‘shows by affidavit or declaration that, for specified reasons, it
cannot present facts essential to justify its opposition.’” Hodgin v. UTC Fire & Sec. Americas
Corp., 885 F.3d 243, 250 (4th Cir. 2018) (quoting FED. R. CIV. P. 56(d)). In general, “summary
judgment [must] be refused where the nonmoving party has not had the opportunity to discover
information that is essential to his opposition.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242,
250 n.5 (1986). “However, a court may deny a Rule 56(d) motion ‘when the information sought
would not by itself create a genuine issue of material fact sufficient for the nonmovant to survive
summary judgment.’” Hodgin, 885 F.3d at 250 (quoting Pisano v. Strach, 743 F.3d 927, 931 (4th
Cir. 2014)).
The first inquiry under Rule 56(d) is “whether the party seeking to defer a ruling on that
motion had a reasonable opportunity to conduct essential discovery.” Hodgin, 885 F.3d at 250.
Plaintiffs argue that a “favorable ruling” on their petition pending in this court, Attkisson v. United
States of America, No. 1:23-cv-01106-JRR, “would be the Plaintiffs first real opportunity to obtain
meaningful discovery essential to prove its claims.” (ECF No. 110 at 12.)
On April 25, 2023, Petitioners Sharyl Attkisson and Sarah Attkisson filed a separate action
pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act (“APA”) against Respondents United States of
America, DOJ, and USPS challenging the government’s response to their request for evidence.
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See Attkisson, et al. v. United States of America, et al., 1:23-cv-01106-JRR (D. Md. 2023) (the
“APA Case”). On October 18, 2023, the court entered an order extending the time for Respondents
to file the administrative record and to set a briefing schedule. (APA Case ECF No. 23.) The
operative briefing schedule required Respondents to file a motion for summary judgment by
November 7, 2023. Id.
The same day the court set the briefing schedule, Petitioners filed a motion to modify the
briefing schedule and requested that the court “modify the schedule set forth in [APA Case ECF
No. 23] to accommodate [Petitioners’] right to review the record submitted by the Government
and, if necessary and warranted, submit a motion to supplement the record.” (APA Case ECF No.
24.) Petitioners contended that the government failed to submit the full record and, upon its
receipt, “they request a reasonable time to review the record and, if necessary or warranted, submit
a motion to supplement the record as permitted by law, prior to a briefing, which appears to be
their right under the law.” Id. On November 9, 2023, the court denied the motion to modify
without prejudice on the basis that the motion failed to propose a modified schedule 5 and failed to
attach a proposed order. (APA Case ECF No. 26.) Importantly, the order at ECF No. 26 provides:
“Upon the filing a motion which fashions a specific modified schedule, and which has been shared
with and discussed with Respondents to seek consent, the court will consider a renewed motion.”
In the three months since, Petitioners (Plaintiffs here) have failed to propose a modified
schedule or to file a motion to supplement the record. Even while the instant Motion was pending
here – knowing full well they would have to rely on a 56(d) affidavit, they have filed nothing and
otherwise taken no discernible steps to resuscitate or develop the APA Case. Viewed generously,
“Notwithstanding the government Respondents’ expression that they do not oppose a modification in principal, the
court declines to guess at what modification Petitioners seek.”
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Plaintiffs have failed to pursue the APA Case in any meaningful fashion whatsoever – rather
betraying their position here regarding its importance.
Plaintiffs cannot have it both ways – which is to say, Plaintiffs will not be heard to complain
that they cannot meet their Rule 56 challenge in this case because the record has not been
developed in the APA Case. If that be so, it is their own doing. As explained, Plaintiffs have
effectively done nothing to pursue the APA Case and the court will not allow the instant action to
languish indefinitely on the basis that the APA Case might, under some undefined theory, bear
fruit – especially given that Plaintiffs have demonstrated no interest or intention to fertilize it.
Moreover, Plaintiffs have failed to pursue (or to explain why they have failed to pursue) evidence
in any theater to corroborate Ryan White’s statements, the lone reservoir of any information about
what Plaintiffs contend Defendant Bridges did to justify ensnaring him in this action over several
years. (Def.’s Mot., Sharyl Attkisson Dep., Exhibit A, ECF No. 109-3 at 151:6-11, 204:13-17.)
Plaintiffs have had an extraordinarily robust opportunity to pursue and develop evidence
in support of their claims against Defendant Bridges; this court has not been stingy with extensions.
But, at long last, theories woven together with possibilities and maybes and conjecture will not
suffice to generate a triable issue. Theories about other individuals and organizations adjacent to
Defendant Bridges are not admissible against Mr. Bridges. In sum, Plaintiffs offer no explanation
for their failure to pursue what they assert is discovery essential to their response; and, for the
reasons explained, reliance on the APA Case is unavailing.
The second inquiry is whether Plaintiffs identify “specific information that would create a
genuine dispute of material fact.” Hodgin, 885 F.3d at 250; see Sampson v. United States, No.
CIV.A. DKC 15-0243, 2015 WL 5008780, at *3 (D. Md. Aug. 20, 2015) (explaining that “[c]ourts
interpreting Rule 56(d) have consistently held that a nonmovant’s request may be denied if ‘the
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additional evidence sought for discovery would not have by itself created a genuine issue of
material fact sufficient to defeat summary judgment’”) (quoting Ingle ex rel. Estate of Ingle v.
Yelton, 439 F.3d 191, 195 (4th Cir. 2006)). Importantly, “Rule 56(d) does not authorize ‘fishing
expedition[s].’” Sampson, 2015 WL 5008780, at *3 (quoting Morrow v. Farrell, 187 F. Supp. 2d
548, 551 (D. Md. 2002), aff’d, 50 F. App’x 179 (4th Cir. 2002)); see Lowman v. Maryland Aviation
Admin., No. CV JKB-18-1146, 2019 WL 133267, at *9 (D. Md. Jan. 8, 2019) (noting that “[w]here
a Rule 56(d) request is grounded in speculation or would amount to a fishing expedition, courts
tend to deny the request”) (internal quotation marks omitted)). In short, Plaintiffs fail to satisfy
this factor.
While Plaintiffs identify individuals they contend they wish to depose, they offer nothing
whatsoever regarding what they reasonably expect such depositions would yield as against
Defendant Bridges. Plaintiffs ask this court to defer ruling on the Motion for what, in essence, is
textbook verboten: a fishing expedition. The parties have been engaged in discovery since January
2022. Plaintiffs’ Rule 56(d) request is grounded in speculation and, even if credited to the fullest
extent, identifies no specific information that would generate a genuine dispute of material fact as
to Defendant Bridges’ alleged wrong-doing.
For these reasons, the court denies Plaintiffs’ Rule 56(d) request and will proceed to rule
on the Motion.
B.
Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment6
Defendant Bridges moves for summary judgment on Plaintiffs’ remaining ECPA claim.
Plaintiffs allege that Defendant violated the ECPA, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2511, 2520, by “personally
Because Plaintiffs did not substantively respond to the Motion, the Motion is essentially unopposed. Nonetheless,
the court must still undertake the Rule 56 analysis as to triable disputes and legal entitlement to judgment. Custer v.
Pan Am. Life Ins. Co., 12 F.3d 410, 416 (4th Cir. 1993).
6
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intercept[ing] or endeavor[ing] to intercept the Plaintiffs’ wire, oral, or electronic communications
in violation of the law and accepted precedent.” (ECF No. 35 ¶ 99.) Specifically, Plaintiffs allege:
Following the Fourth Circuit’s opinion, a former government actor
(Ryan White) came forward for the first time and revealed that he
personally participated in the illegal operation aimed at Ms.
Attkisson and her family.
During all relevant times, Defendant WHITE worked as an
undercover informant for the Department of Justice and as a
contractor operating out of the Baltimore Field Office under a group
supervised by Rod Rosenstein. In this capacity, Defendant WHITE
conducted work for the FBI, United States Secret Service, Drug
Enforcement Administration, and the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco
and Firearms.
***
When Defendant WHITE voluntarily came forward he admitted to
Plaintiffs’ representatives that he worked out of the Baltimore Field
Office during the relevant time period; admitted that Rod Rosenstein
supervised and controlled the activities of the Silk Road Task Force,
along with both he and Defendant BRIDGES; admitted that he and
Defendant BRIDGES worked together with others to conduct the
illegal surveillance complained of herein; and admitted that the
Plaintiffs’ computer system was illegally accessed using U.S.
Government resources; and admitted that the illegal activities were
planned, conducted, and implemented from Maryland.
Defendant WHITE further admitted that Defendant BRIDGES was
tasked with surveillance of the “Fast and Furious” project, even
prior to Plaintiff Attkisson’s involvement, and that Defendant
BRIDGES reported to Shawn Henry of the FBI.
Defendant WHITE also reported that Mr. Henry was a computer
expert, and that he and the people working with and for him,
including Defendant BRIDGES, used software programs developed
for the specific purpose of conducting illegal surveillance.
Defendant WHITE also reported that between 2011 and 2015, he
worked directly with the people responsible for violating Plaintiffs’
rights, including Defendant BRIDGES, and described how
Defendant BRIDGES informed him that the work assignment was
on the “dirty side” and was one that “they did not want to get
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public”. The “they” in Defendant WHITE’s reference was described
by him as “DOJ, the FBI, and the intelligence community”.
Defendant WHITE also very clearly reported that his group was
ordered to commit illegal surveillance of Ms. Attkisson, her family,
her co-workers, and the local team running the “Fast and Furious”
program in Arizona. Although Defendant WHITE made clear that
others were involved in the illegal surveillance, it was primarily
DEFENDANT Bridges who was tasked with “hacking and violating
computer systems” because that was his specialty for the
Government and the Secret Service.
Defendant WHITE likewise reported that he was personally present
with Defendant BRIDGES on “many occasions” when they were
“accessing Attkisson’s computers” and “retrieving information
already accessed or manipulated” and “erasing information” or
“passing the information on” to contacts at the DOJ and FBI.
***
Defendant WHITE likewise explained how Defendant BRIDGES
would provide him with detailed descriptions of the illegal
surveillance programs and methods being used on Plaintiffs and
would even show him the methods used to hide and conceal
traceability.
Defendant WHITE reported that Defendant BRIDGES was
specifically told to “target Ms. Attkisson’s husband” and “to get that
b---h under control”, and that these directives came directly from
Rod Rosenstein who had reportedly received them directly from
Attorney General Eric Holder.
The Defendants, individually and in concert, personally used,
endeavored to use an electronic, mechanical, or other device to
intercept Plaintiffs’ oral communications. Such device or devices
were affixed to or transmitted a signal through a wire used in wire
communications, and was for the purpose of obtaining information
relating to business which affects interstate commerce. All, or at
least virtually all, of such conduct was planned, initiated, conducted,
and occurred in the District of Maryland.
The Defendants, individually and in concert, personally disclosed or
endeavored to disclose the contents of Plaintiffs’ wire, oral or
electronic communications, knowing or having reason to know that
the information was obtained through the interception of a wire, oral
or electronic communications.
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According to Defendant WHITE’s own admissions, the above
alleged conduct occurred with direct authorization of high-level
government officials, including Mr. Rosenstein and Mr. Holder, and
without authorization from a court of competent jurisdiction.
(ECF No. 35 ¶¶ 63-64, 66-71, 74-75, 100-102.)
Under Section 2511, “any person who . . . intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept,
or procures any other person to intercept or endeavor to intercept, any wire, oral or electronic
communication” violates the ECPA. 18 U.S.C. § 2511(1)(a). 7 Section 2511 makes clear that
Plaintiffs must prove that their wire, oral, or electronic communications were intercepted,
disclosed, or used in violation of the statute, and that Defendant Bridges is responsible for
intercepting, disclosing, or using (or procuring any other person to do the same).
Defendant argues that he is entitled to summary judgment because Plaintiffs have failed to
offer any evidence tending to demonstrate that Defendant violated the EPCA, and, therefore, no
reasonable factfinder could resolve the issue in Plaintiffs’ favor. (ECF No. 109-1 at 18.) The court
agrees.
In his deposition, Defendant testified:
Q.
During your time with the Secret Service between 2009
and·2015, were you ever tasked with conducting electronic
surveillance or monitoring of any person?
A.
No, I have never been trained in that -- in that form of
electronic surveillance. I have never received any training
in that. I have never been assigned to any group that
conducts that sort of electronic behavior.
Q.
During your time with the Secret Service between 2009 and
Plaintiffs pursue their ECPA claim against Defendant Bridges under ECPA’s private right of action, which provides
that:
any person whose wire, oral, or electronic communication is intercepted,
disclosed, or intentionally used in a violation of this chapter may in a civil action
recover from the person or entity, other than the United States, which engaged in
that violation such relief as may be appropriate.
18 U.S.C. § 2520.
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2015, did you work with other individuals who did conduct
electronic surveillance or monitoring of people, persons,
humans?
A.
Not to the best of my recollection.
Q.
During your time with the Secret Service between 2009 and
2015, were you ever asked to or did you ever conduct any
surveillance or monitoring of Sharyl Attkisson or her family
or anyone related to any of her stories, whether electronic or
otherwise?
A.
No.
(Def.’s Mot., Shaun Bridges Dep., Exhibit L, ECF No. 109-14 at 42:7-24.) Defendant Bridges
also points out that the DOJ OIG investigated Plaintiffs’ allegations and was unable to corroborate
that Plaintiffs’ computers were subject to a remote intrusion. (Def.’s Mot., DOJ OIG Report,
Exhibit K, ECF No. 109-13.) Moreover, CyberPoint’s McLarnon (who analyzed Attkisson’s CBS
computers) testified that he could not confirm that anyone accessed or monitored Attkisson’s CBS
computers:
Q.
Okay. I want to make sure I understand a few things that you
described in your testimony so far today. So you were
talking about all of the things that your report did find with
respect to these two computers that CyberPoint analyzed. So
there is certain things that are described as unauthorized
interactions, but I just want to be clear that I understand some
of the clarifying comments you made when you were talking
with Mr. Turner. Am I correct in understanding that the
analysis that CyberPoint completed did not definitively
show that any of the unauthorized interactions that are
described in the report were the result of remote intrusion?
A.
That’s correct.
Q.
And do I also understand correctly that the analysis that
CyberPoint completed does not definitively prove that any
of those unauthorized interactions are attributable to a
specific source, entity or person?
A.
That’s also correct.
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(Def.’s Mot., Mark McLarnon Dep., Exhibit N, ECF No. 109 at 49:8-50:1.)
Plaintiffs do not dispute the authenticity, relevance or weight of the record evidence on
which Defendant Bridges basis his Motion, and otherwise fail to generate a dispute of material fact
pertinent to the Motion. In sum, Plaintiffs do not offer any admissible evidence on which a
reasonable juror could conclude that Defendant, or a person procured by Defendant, intercepted
or disclosed Plaintiffs’ electronic communications, or otherwise violated the ECPA in any way,
shape or form. Accordingly, the Motion will be granted.
IV.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons set forth herein, by separate order, Defendant’s Motion for Summary
Judgment (ECF No. 109) is GRANTED.
/S/
______________________
Julie R. Rubin
United States District Judge
February 6, 2024
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