Boone v. Heyns et al

Filing 395

ORDER denying 342 Motion for Summary Judgment; granting in part and denying in part 345 Motion for Summary Judgment; adopting in part 387 Report and Recommendation. Signed by District Judge Arthur J. Tarnow. (MLan)

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN
SOUTHERN DIVISION
RICHARD BOONE, II,
Case No. 12-14098
Plaintiff,
SENIOR U.S. DISTRICT JUDGE
ARTHUR J. TARNOW

v.
DANIEL HEYNS ET AL.,

U.S. MAGISTRATE JUDGE
MONA K. MAJZOUB

Defendants.
/
ORDER ADOPTING IN PART REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION [387]; OVERRULING
IN PART AND SUSTAINING IN PART PLAINTIFF’S OBJECTIONS TO REPORT AND
RECOMMENDATION [390]; DENYING DEFENDANT STIEVE’S MOTION FOR
SUMMARY JUDGMENT [342]; GRANTING IN PART AND DENYING IN PART
DEFENDANTS BOOMERSHINE, CORIZON, MILES, OUELLETTE AND SQUIRE’S
MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT [345]
On September 9, 2012, Plaintiff Richard Boone, II, filed this 42 U.S.C. § 1983
prisoner civil rights action against employees of Corizon Health, Inc. (“Corizon”)
and the Michigan Department of Corrections (“MDOC”) for Eighth and Fourteenth
Amendment violations. On May 21, 2018, Plaintiff filed a Fourth Amended
Complaint [305] alleging only Eight Amendment violations. On January 25, 2019,
the MDOC Defendants, former Chief Medical Officer (CMO) Jeffrey Stieve, M.D.
and Registered Nurse (RN) Brenda Upston1 filed a Motion for Summary Judgment
[Dkt. #342]. On March 19, 2019, Plaintiff filed a Response [358], and on March 27,

1

The parties stipulated to the dismissal of Defendant Upston. (ECF No. 366).
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2019, Defendant Stieve filed a Reply [367]. On January 28, 2019, Defendants
Corizon, Richard Miles, M.D., Harriet Squier, M.D., Margarette Ouellette, P.A., and
Mark Boomershine, P.A. (“the Corizon Defendants”) filed Motion for Summary
Judgment [345]. On March 28, 2019, Plaintiff filed a Response [371]. On April 9,
2019, the Corizon Defendants filed a Reply [381], and Plaintiff filed a Sur-Reply
[385] on April 22, 2019, with leave of court. On August 27, 2019, the Magistrate
Judge issued a Report and Recommendation (“R&R”) [387] recommending that the
Court grant Defendants’ motions and dismiss the case. Plaintiff filed Objections
[390] to the R&R on September 29, 2019. The Corizon Defendants filed a Response
[393] on October 11, 2019. Defendant Stieve filed a Response [392] on October 10,
2019.
For the reasons stated below, the R&R [387] is ADOPTED in part;
Plaintiff’s Objections [390] are SUSTAINED in part and OVERRULED in part;
the MDOC Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment [342] is DENIED with
regard to Plaintiff’s claims against Defendant Stieve and DENIED AS MOOT with
regard to Plaintiff’s claims against Defendant Upston; and the Corizon Defendants’
Motion for Summary Judgment [345] is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
The Court adopts the facts of this case as set forth in the R&R:

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A. Background
Plaintiff was initially incarcerated within the custody of the
MDOC in May 2003 and released on parole in 2008. On October 21,
2009, Plaintiff attempted to rob a store and while fleeing the scene of
the crime, he fell in a ditch and fractured his left tibial plateau, among
other things. Plaintiff was arrested and treated for his injuries at
Botsford Hospital and then confined in the Wayne County Jail until
March 16, 2011, when he was returned to the custody of the MDOC.
The events giving rise to the Fourth Amended Complaint allegedly
occurred between March 2011 and September 2012, while he was
incarcerated at the Charles Egeler Reception and Guidance Center
(RGC) and the G. Robert Cotton Correctional Facility (JCF), both of
which are located in Jackson, Michigan2. Generally, Plaintiff alleges
that Defendants were deliberately indifferent to his serious medical
needs in violation of the Eighth Amendment by denying him adequate
medical care for sleep apnea, kidney stones, right foot drop, residual
left knee problems following surgery on his left tibia, and the
complications and residual effects of a total right hip replacement.
(Docket no. 305.)
1. Sleep Apnea
Plaintiff experienced episodes of obstructive sleep apnea while
being treated at Botsford Hospital in October 2009. (Docket no. 305 ¶
24; docket no. 375 at 1.) He received a continuous positive airway
pressure (CPAP) machine from his mother to use for the sleep apnea
while at the hospital, and he was discharged to the Wayne County Jail
with instructions to continue using the CPAP machine at night. (Docket
no. 305 ¶ 24; docket no. 375 at 2, 4.) Medical staff at the Wayne County
Jail allowed Plaintiff to continue using the CPAP machine. (Docket no.
305 ¶ 25.)
Plaintiff was transferred to RGC on March 16, 2011, with his
CPAP machine, but it was taken from him upon intake to be x-rayed
and evaluated for medical necessity. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 30-31; docket
no. 375 at 7.) Defendant Boomershine initially ordered a special
accommodation for Plaintiff’s CPAP machine, but after Plaintiff told
the Respiratory Staff that he had not had a sleep study, it was withheld
2

Plaintiff was paroled in 2018.
Page 3 of 29

from Plaintiff pending review of Plaintiff’s documentation therefor.
(Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 32-34; docket no. 375 at 7.) Plaintiff provided the
MDOC with his 2009 records from Botsford Hospital, but Defendant
Boomershine told Respiratory Staff to continue withholding the CPAP
machine until he followed up with Plaintiff. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 34-35;
docket no. 375 at 8.) A subsequent kite response indicated that the
CPAP machine was being withheld for lack of a sleep study and proper
documentation. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 38-39; docket no. 375 at 9.)
Defendant Boomershine reviewed Plaintiff’s chart on April 12, 2011,
and noted that Plaintiff had no sleep study on file and had been using a
CPAP machine that apparently had not been prescribed for him.
(Docket 375 at 14.) Defendant Boomershine opined that the use of a
CPAP now may be problematic and not in Plaintiff’s best interest. (Id.)
The CPAP machine was not returned to Plaintiff.
Plaintiff was transferred to JCF on April 27, 2011. (Docket no.
305 ¶ 41.) He sent a medical kite regarding sleep apnea, an inability to
sleep, tiredness, and irritability on June 8, 2011. He was seen in
response to this kite on June 9, 2011, and the medical provider sent an
email to the nursing supervisor and Housing Unit Manager (HUM) to
address the issue of Plaintiff’s CPAP machine. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 49;
docket no. 375 at 15-16.) On August 8, 2011, Plaintiff had an
appointment with Defendant Miles, and he told Defendant Miles that
he had not received the CPAP machine because there is no sleep study
on file. (Docket no. 375 at 18). Plaintiff had another appointment with
Defendant Miles on September 26, 2011, at which Defendant Miles
noted that Plaintiff had previously used the CPAP machine with good
response, that he was awakening with shortness of breath and had
difficulty staying asleep. (Id. at 21-23.) Defendant Miles gave Plaintiff
an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (“ESS”) test3; and Plaintiff scored a 12.
(Id.) Defendant Miles assessed Plaintiff’s sleep apnea as good and
ordered a sleep study for October 10, 2011. (Id.) Plaintiff had another
visit with Defendant Miles on October 21, 2011, who noted that
Plaintiff’s sleep apnea was a chronic problem, but there was no notation
regarding scheduling a sleep study. (Id. at 24-25.) Defendant Miles
conducted a chart review on October 25, 2011, noted that there was no
documented indication or prescription for a CPAP machine, and he
3

Plaintiff explains that the ESS was developed in 1990 to assess daytime sleepiness, and a
“normal” ESS score ranges from 0-10. (Docket no. 371 at 8 n.4 (citing
https://epworthsleepinessscale.com/about-the-ess/).)
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terminated Plaintiff’s SA therefore. (Id. at 26-27.) Defendant Miles
requested a Respiratory Therapy Evaluation for Sleep Apnea on
October 28, 2011. (Id. at 28-291-23.) Defendant Squier denied
Defendant Miles’s request on November 3, 2011, citing no evidence of
hypertension and recommended that Plaintiff initiate weight loss,
decrease his upper body development, increase his aerobic activity, and
continue to be monitored. (Id. at 30-31.)
At a January 6, 2012 and April 23, 2012 medical appointments,
Plaintiff reported difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep, and gasping
during sleep, and his ESS score increased to 18. Defendant Lybarger
assessed Plaintiff’s sleep apnea as fair but noted that Plaintiff did not
meet the criteria for a sleep study. On April 23, 2012, Defendant
Lybarger ordered a CPAP machine for Plaintiff. Plaintiff requested a
sleep study on May 16, 2012. At a June 12, 2012 appointment,
Defendant Ouellette noted that Plaintiff used a CPAP machine without
a sleep study prior to incarceration and that a consult for a sleep study
was not approved in 2011. On July 24, 2012, Plaintiff kited that he
awakes gasping for air. On July 27, 2012, Dr. Michael Szymanski
indicated that he would request use of a CPAP machine or formal
testing for sleep apnea if the CPAP was deferred, and he made that
request on July 31, 2012. Defendant Stieve deferred Dr. Szymanski’s
request with instructions to confirm that Plaintiff’s CPAP machine was
still in storage, get external records but if not available consider sleep
study, and encourage weight loss. (Docket no. 375 at 39-61.)
Plaintiff initiated this lawsuit on September 9, 2012. In Count 1
of the Fourth Amended Complaint, Plaintiff claims that Defendants
Miles, Lybarger, Ouellette, Boomershine, Stieve, and Squier
knowingly, intentionally, and deliberately deprived Plaintiff use of his
CPAP machine by refusing to follow Botsford Hospital’s discharge
instructions and refusing to listen to Plaintiff’s complaints about his
need for a CPAP to relieve pain and get some sleep. Plaintiff claims
that Defendants’ denial of the CPAP machine has caused him
“unnecessary and wanton infliction” of physical, mental, and emotional
pain and suffering, and deprived him of oxygen and sleep, in violation
of the Eighth Amendment. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 198-99.)
On October 11, 2012, Defendant Squier approved Plaintiff for a
sleep study, which was performed on November 14, 2012. The sleep
study report, dictated on January 15, 2013, indicated diagnoses of
obstructive sleep apnea, significant nocturnal hypoxemia, and possible
associated central apnea, and it recommended clinical correlation and
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implementation of an auto set CPAP machine. The CPAP machine was
approved on February 4, 2013, and on February 6, 2013, a Special
Accommodation for the CPAP was issued with no stop date and the
CPAP was provided to Plaintiff. (Docket no. 375 at 76-79, 85-87, 9294.)
2. Kidney Stones
Plaintiff presented to MDOC healthcare in the early morning
hours of August 2, 2011, with abdominal pain and an inability to
urinate. Defendant Miles examined Plaintiff and ordered that he be
taken to Allegiance Hospital. An abdominal CT scan revealed a fivemillimeter kidney stone and a four-millimeter kidney stone. Plaintiff
was discharged from the hospital with prescriptions for Flomax and
Vicodin and was told to “[a]rrange for a follow up appointment . . . in
3-5 days or immediately if symptoms get worse.” Plaintiff was
discharged to the MDOC’s Duane L. Waters Health Center, where
orders for the Flomax and Vicodin were given. Upon Plaintiff’s return
to JCF, a nurse noted that Plaintiff would see a medical service provider
on August 3, 2011 for a follow up and a possible order of medication.
An August 3, 2011 Clinical Progress Note generated at 8:40 a.m.
indicates that a hand-written prescription for Vicodin was received,
Vicodin requires an approval from a Regional Medical Officer, and a
copy of the prescription and a chart review 7 request were forwarded to
Defendant Miles for review. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 60-63; docket no. 379
at 1-9.)
Plaintiff sent a kite on August 3, 2011 at 11:32 p.m., inquiring
about his follow up appointment and the pain medication that still not
been administered. The kite response states, “RMO needed for Vicodin.
There has been a note forwarded to the MSP regarding this.” An August
5, 2011 Administrative Progress Note indicates that the request for
RMO approval for Vicodin was still pending. Plaintiff had an
appointment with Defendant Miles on August 8, 2011, at which
Defendant Miles noted that Plaintiff was still in intense pain, the stones
had still not passed, and Plaintiff had not received his Vicodin.
Defendant Miles ordered Pyridium4 for Plaintiff, ordered that Plaintiff
have continuous access to a toilet from August 8, 2011 to August 22,
2011, and requested approval of the Vicodin prescription. The Vicodin
4

Plaintiff explains that Pyridium is a drug prescribed to numb or ease pain associated with
urination while attempting to pass a kidney stone. (Docket no. 371 at 20 n.20 (citation omitted).)
Page 6 of 29

was approved on August 9, 2011. On August 12, 2011, Boone still had
not received the Vicodin and sent a kite. The Vicodin was administered
to Plaintiff on August 12, 2011 through August 19, 2011 – ten days
after Allegiance Hospital prescribed it and three days after MDOC
approval. (Docket no. 379 at 4, 10-17.)
Plaintiff was still complaining of kidney stone pain at an
appointment with Defendant Miles on August 24, 2011, so Defendant
ordered Pyridium for Plaintiff through August 29, 2011, and Naproxen
through October 24, 2011. Over the next few weeks, Plaintiff sent kites
requesting extension of his medical detail for continual access to the
toilet. Medical records indicate that the medical detail was extended
from August 23, 2011 through September 6, 2011, and then again
through September 13, 2011. On September 12, 2011, Defendant Miles
extended Plaintiff’s toilet detail through October 3, 2011, and requested
a urology evaluation. (1424-27). Defendant Squier denied the request
for a urology evaluation on September 26, 2011, in favor of an
alternative treatment plan to repeat a urinalysis, and if blood was
present, to consider an imaging study. Defendant Squier reasoned that
four-millimeter stones usually passed on their own. A urinalysis was
conducted on October 4, 2011, which was negative for blood. Plaintiff
continued to complain of kidney stone pain and intermittent episodes
of urinary frequency at October 21, 2011 and November 10, 2011
appointments with Defendant Miles, and Defendant Miles ordered
another urinalysis. On November 22, 2011, Plaintiff was still
experiencing decreased urine and lower abdominal pain, and the
treating medical provider sent a request for Flomax, which was deferred
in favor of a formulary alpha blocker. Defendant Lybarger prescribed
the alpha blocker, Cardura, on December 5, 2011. (Docket no. 346 at
30, 59-61; docket no. 379 at 19-38.)
Plaintiff continued to complain of left flank pain from his from
kidney stones at a chronic care appointment on January 6, 2012, but he
was negative for cloudy urine, decreased stream, decreased urine
output, dysuria, foul urine odor, frequent urination, groin mass,
nocturia, and urinary hesitancy. He did not have any genitourinary
complaints at his February 1, 2012 appointment with Defendant Miles.
An October 11, 2012 urinalysis revealed a trace amount of blood.
Plaintiff asserts that his kidney stones finally passed in May or June
2013 – two years after their onset. (Docket no. 346 at 70-71; docket no.
379 at 40-49.)

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In Count Two of the Fourth Amended Complaint, Plaintiff
claims that Defendants Miles, Lybarger, and Squier knowingly,
intentionally, and deliberately denied him “timely access to his
medication and an [sic] urologist in compliance with his medical
instructions,” which left him in unnecessary pain, in violation of the
Eighth Amendment. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 202-03.)
3. Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) Brace
Plaintiff asserts that he was severely injured in a car accident at
age fourteen, which resulted in right foot drop or right foot palsy. He
asserts that he cannot move four toes or his right foot as a result and
that he was prescribed an AFO brace to aid his walking. (Docket no.
371 at 22 (citing docket no. 380 at 1-3).) In an affidavit submitted with
his Response to the Corizon Defendants’ Motion for Summary
Judgment, Plaintiff attests that he told the MDOC medical staff about
his right foot drop during his initial incarceration and was subsequently
issued two soft AFO braces. (Docket no. 371-2 ¶¶ 1-5.) When those
braces wore out, the MDOC provided him with a third AFO brace. (Id.
¶ 6.) He continued to use the third AFO brace while on parole in 2008
and later received an order in the Wayne County Jail for the continued
use of the AFO brace. (Id. ¶¶ 7-8.)
Plaintiff returned to MDOC custody on March 16, 2011, wearing
the third soft AFO brace, which he attests was in a state of complete
disrepair. (Docket no. 371-2 ¶ 9.) On March 17, 2011, Plaintiff met with
Defendant Boomershine, who issued Plaintiff a Special
Accommodation for “Brace, AFO, 24 Hours.” The brace was given to
Plaintiff the same day. (Docket no. 380 at 4-7.) When Plaintiff was
transferred from RGC to JCF on April 27, 2011, a medical detail was
generated at screening, which included the AFO brace. The medical
detail was valid from April 27, 2011 until May 27, 2011. (Id. at 8-9.).
On May 18, 2011, June 8, 2011, and June 11, 2011, and June 13, 2011,
Plaintiff sent kites requesting an AFO brace replacement, but the replies
indicated that he could ask about replacement during his next visit, for
which no date was given. (Id. at 10-13.)
Plaintiff had an appointment with Defendant Miles on June 17,
2011, and requested a new AFO brace. Defendant Miles noted
decreased muscle strength in Plaintiff’s right foot. On July 1, 2011,
Plaintiff sent a kite asking for a referral to physical therapy for a new
AFO brace. The kite response indicated that a chart review was needed
Page 8 of 29

and that a reminder was sent to the medical service provider. Plaintiff
sent another kite requesting a new AFO brace on August 3, 2011.
Plaintiff asserts that he continued to ask Defendant Miles for a new
AFO brace at appointments on August 8, 2011, August 24, 2011,
September 12, 2011, September 26, 2011, and October 21, 2011, but
that Defendant Miles never documented his requests. Plaintiff again
kited for an AFO brace on November 14, 2011, and the response
indicated that a note was sent to the medical provider. In a November
22, 2011 Administrative Progress Note, Defendant Lybarger indicated
that she discussed the issue with Defendant Miles, who said that he
would follow up with Plaintiff. Plaintiff asserts that Defendant Miles
again failed to note anything about Plaintiff’s requests for a new AFO
brace in his February 1, 2012 and March 13, 2012 treatment notes. An
April 23, 2012 treatment note indicates that an AFO brace was ordered
for Plaintiff. On July 27, 2012, Dr. Szymanski noted Plaintiff’s history
of right foot drop and his request to replace his AFO brace. Dr.
Szymanski indicated that he would seek RMO approval of a new AFO
brace. (Docket no. 371 at 23; docket no. 380 at 14-39.) Plaintiff
received a new AFO brace on August 20, 2012. (Docket no. 305 ¶ 181.)
In Count Three of the Fourth Amended Complaint, Plaintiff
claims that Defendants Miles and Ouellette knowingly, intentionally,
and deliberately refused to order Plaintiff a new AFO brace to help with
Plaintiff’s foot drop and interfered with Plaintiff’s use of his AFO
brace. He claims that Defendants’ refusal to allow Plaintiff to use his
AFO brace left Plaintiff at a potential risk of serious harm, in violation
of the Eighth Amendment. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 206-07.)
4. Left Knee Brace
Plaintiff was prescribed with a stabilizing knee brace on March
14, 2011. Plaintiff asserts that he was transferred from the Wayne
County Jail to the MDOC on March 16, 2011, before he could obtain
the brace; however, the RGC intake records indicates that Plaintiff
arrived at RGC 11 with a knee brace. From April to August 2011,
Boone requested replacements of his knee brace due to continued pain.
According to Plaintiff, Defendant Miles took no action regarding
Plaintiff’s left knee brace at their first appointment on August 8, 2011
or at subsequent appointments in August and September 2011. (Docket
no. 371 at 17; docket no. 378 at 1-15.)

Page 9 of 29

Defendant Miles acknowledged Plaintiff’s complaints of knee
pain and his prescription for a knee brace at an October 21, 2011
appointment, and prescribed Celebrex for Plaintiff’s pain. On
November 2, 2011, Defendant Miles indicated that Plaintiff’s knee
brace was in need of repair and submitted a repair request. Dr. William
Borgerding deferred the request because he could not find a special
accommodation for the knee brace. Physician Assistant (PA) Aryan
Taymour pointed out that Plaintiff did indeed have a special
accommodation for a knee brace and sent another request on November
22, 2011. Defendant Lybarger also submitted a request for a knee brace
for Plaintiff on December 5, 2011. On December 6, 2011, Dr.
Borgerding again deferred the request, stating “[n]eed evidence of
ligamentous instability on exam, not pain or crepitance[.]” (Docket no.
378 at 19-21, 23-30.)
On January 6, 2012, Defendant Lybarger noted left knee
tenderness and mildly reduced range of motion upon examination. She
instructed Plaintiff to continue his medication. Plaintiff continued to
complain of knee pain in February, March, May, and June 2012. At a
June 12, 2012 appointment with Defendant Ouellette, Plaintiff reported
constant severe left knee pain, which included aching, burning,
pinching, swelling; all aggravated by walking and standing. On
examination, Defendant Ouellette noted that Plaintiff had a left-sided
limp, that he ambulated with a cane, minimal swelling and mild crepitus
in Plaintiff’s left knee but that it was non-tender to palpation, and that
Plaintiff was able to cross his left leg. Defendant Ouellette ordered an
ice detail and instructed Plaintiff to continue his current medication and
follow an exercise program. Defendant Ouellette ordered x-rays of
Plaintiff’s left knee on July 2, 2012. On July 25, 2012, Plaintiff
complained of continued issues involving his knee. On July 27, 2012,
Dr. Szymanski examined Plaintiff and noted crepitation and deceased
left knee strength and mobility. Plaintiff complained of continued knee
pain on August 26, 2012 and August 28, 2012. (Docket no. 378 at 3052.)
Plaintiff’s left knee hardware was removed on March 21, 2013.
(Docket no. 378 at 58-59.) Plaintiff attests that he stopped using the
knee brace after the surgery but that he eventually obtained another
knee brace in June 2013. (Docket no. 371-2 ¶¶ 17-18.) The MDOC
discontinued the knee brace in December 2013 due to a lack of
objective findings of weakness and instability, but it was returned to
Plaintiff pursuant to a December 19, 2013 court order. (Docket no. 81;
Page 10 of 29

docket no. 378 at 60.) Plaintiff attests that he continued to use that
stabilizing knee brace until he received another one from MDOC
shortly before his release on March 14, 2018. (Docket no. 371-2 ¶ 20).
After his release, Plaintiff received a total left knee replacement on June
7, 2018. (Id. ¶ 21.)
In Count Four of the Fourth Amended Complaint, Plaintiff
claims that Defendants Miles, Lybarger, and Ouellette knowingly,
intentionally, and deliberately denied Plaintiff use of his left knee brace,
refusing to follow Plaintiff’s discharge instructions from the hospital
and refusing to listen to Plaintiff’s complaints about his knee pain.
Plaintiff claims that Defendants’ denial of the knee brace left him at a
potential risk of severe harm, in violation of the Eighth Amendment.
(Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 210-11.)
5. Left Knee Hardware
Plaintiff fractured his left tibia on October 21, 2009, and
subsequently underwent surgery at Botsford Hospital to repair the
fracture, which included the placement of metal hardware around his
knee. (Docket no. 377 at 9-10.). On March 14, 2011, a surgeon
scheduled the removal of the hardware for some time within the next
month, at Plaintiff’s request. (Id. at 1-4.)
Before the surgery could be performed, Boone was transferred
from the Wayne County Jail to the custody of the MDOC, on March
16, 2011. Plaintiff informed the MDOC of his knee pain and alleged
need for surgery upon intake at RGC. Defendant Boomershine
examined Plaintiff on March 17, 2011, and noted “[s]light bossing L
medial knee fixation device.” From March 2011 through August 2011,
Plaintiff continued to inform MDOC staff (including Defendant Miles)
of his knee pain and the alleged need for removal of the hardware. On
August 8, 2011, Defendant Miles ordered an x-ray exam on Plaintiff’s
knee. The next time Plaintiff complained of knee pain to Defendant
Miles was on October 21, 2011. Defendant Miles noted Plaintiff’s pain
complaints and Plaintiff’s assertion that he was told that the hardware
needed to be removed from his knee, and Defendant Miles prescribed
Celebrex for Plaintiff’s pain. On November 10, 2011, Defendant Miles
requested an orthopedic evaluation for the removal of Plaintiff’s left
knee hardware. Defendant Lybarger resubmitted that request on
December 5, 2011, due to no response. Defendant Squier denied the
request on December 9, 2011, reasoning that there was no medical
Page 11 of 29

necessity for the procedure at that time. She relied on the normal results
from Plaintiff’s December 5, 2011 physical examination and further
reasoned that “[m]edications and surgery are far less effective for
symptom relief than weight loss.” (Docket no. 377 at 11-28, 31-48.)
On February 2, 2012, Defendant Miles met with Plaintiff, noted
Plaintiff’s disagreement with the findings regarding his left knee, and
discussed Defendant Squier’s denial of the orthopedic request and the
alternative treatment plan set forth. From February to June 2012,
Plaintiff continued to send kites and requests for medical care with
regard to his knee pain and left knee hardware. At a June 12, 2012
appointment with Defendant Ouellette, Plaintiff reported constant
severe left knee pain, which included aching, burning, pinching,
swelling; all aggravated by walking and standing. On examination,
Defendant Ouellette noted that Plaintiff had a left-sided limp, that he
ambulated with a cane, minimal swelling and mild crepitus in Plaintiff’s
left knee but that it was non-tender to palpation, and that Plaintiff was
able to cross his left leg. Defendant Ouellette ordered an ice detail and
instructed Plaintiff to continue his current medication and follow an
exercise program. Defendant Ouellette ordered x-rays of Plaintiff’s left
knee on July 2, 2012. The x-ray revealed calcification of the articulating
cartilage at the knee suggestive of CPPD5 and demineralization of the
bony architecture representing osteoporosis/osteopenia. (1607). On
July 31, 2012, Dr. Szymanski submitted a request for the removal of
the Plaintiff’s left knee hardware. Defendant Squier denied this request
on August 2, 2012, again finding that medical necessity was not
demonstrated. She reasoned that the most common reasons for
hardware removal – infection and failure – were not present on the xrays and that hardware removal was no guarantee of pain relief and
generally not medically necessary. Her alternative plan was to perform
further testing, which was performed and returned normal results.
(Docket no. 346 at 91; docket no. 377 at 54-85.) Plaintiff initiated this
lawsuit on September 9, 2012.
At a September 16, 2012 chronic care visit, Dr. Bhamini Sudhir
indicated that he would start treating Plaintiff’s knee for CPPD and
evaluate his response to the treatment. On September 24, 2012, a
clinical progress note was made to Plaintiff informing him that the
5

Defendant explains that Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD) is a type of
arthritis similar to gout and often treated with NSAIDs and/or colchicine. (Docket no. 345 at 20
n.3 (citing www.verywellhealth.com).)
Page 12 of 29

colchicine for his CPPD was being held because of the potential for a
drug interaction with an antibiotic Plaintiff was on for a different
complaint. On October 9, 2012, Dr. Sudhir requested and Defendant
Squier authorized an orthopedic consultation. On the same day, Dr.
Sudhir also authorized an extra pillow for Plaintiff’s knees. On
November 21, 2012, left knee X-rays were taken with an impression of
15 surgical intervention with old healed trauma, arthritic changes seen
on the posterior surface of the patella as well as at the knee joint
articulating surface, and no acute osseous changes. Plaintiff was also
seen by orthopedic surgeon Dr. Khawaja Ikram who recommended
physical therapy for strengthening followed by surgical removal of the
hardware. (Docket no. 346 at 94-95, 102; docket no. 347 at 2-4, 17-18.)
On December 4, 2012, Dr. Rickey Coleman authorized one
physical therapy visit at Duane Waters Hospital for evaluation and
exercise program recommendations. Defendant Squier approved six
additional outpatient physical therapy visits on December 19, 2012, at
the request of the physical therapy department. Plaintiff refused to
attend the next three physical therapy sessions. On February 7, 2013,
Plaintiff attended a physical therapy session where it is noted that he
tolerated the session well with improving range of motion but still
complained of pain at the site of the hardware. On February 19, 2013,
Plaintiff attended a physical therapy session which was limited due to
pain at hardware site. On February 21, 2013, Plaintiff attended a
physical therapy session where he inquired if it was his last day, stating
“it doesn’t matter I just want them to do the surgery anyway.” Plaintiff
refused to attend his last physical therapy session on February 26, 2013.
(Docket no. 347 at 15-16, 22-23, 30-32, 36, 37, 39, 42.)
On March 5, 2013, Dr. Squier approved the surgical removal of
the left knee hardware. (Docket no. 347 at 40-41.) Plaintiff’s left knee
hardware was removed March 21, 2013. (Docket no. 378 at 58-59.)
In Count Five of the Fourth Amended Complaint, Plaintiff claims
that Defendants Corizon, Miles, Lybarger, Ouellette, Boomershine, and
Squier knowingly, intentionally, and deliberately denied Plaintiff
surgery to get the hardware from his knee removed for two years, failed
to listen to his complaints about extreme pain and failed to follow the
discharge instructions from the 16 hospital that he needed to get the
hardware removed within a year. Plaintiff claims that Defendants’
actions in this regard left him in “unnecessary and wanton infliction”
of physical, mental, and emotional pain and suffering, in violation of
the 8th Amendment. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 214-15.)
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6. Air Mattress
In March 2008, Plaintiff underwent a total right hip replacement
at the University of Michigan and was discharged back into MDOC
custody with orders to sleep on an air mattress. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 1920.) He subsequently received a special accommodation for an air
mattress and continued to use it until he was paroled in 2008. (Id. ¶¶
21-22.) Upon his return to the MDOC on March 17, 2011, Defendant
Boomershine issued a special accommodation to Plaintiff for an air
mattress. When Plaintiff was transferred to JCF, an air mattress was
ordered for him on April 27, 2011 with a stop date of May 27, 2011.
On May 23, 2011, Plaintiff submitted a kite requesting a new air
mattress because his current one was leaking and was informed that he
would be called out to exchange his old mattress for a new one. The
exchange happened on May 25, 2011. Plaintiff exchanged his air
mattress again on November 29, 2011. (Docket no. 346 at 2, 12, 14-15,
58.)
Plaintiff requested a new air mattress on March 5, 2012, and
Licensed Practical Nurse Karina Beals told Plaintiff that it was being
discontinued because according to Defendant Stieve and the standard
criteria, Plaintiff did not meet the qualifications for an air mattress. On
March 13, 2012, Defendant Miles informed Plaintiff that he did not
meet the criteria for an air mattress. Plaintiff asserts that he began to
experience severe back and hip pain after his air mattress was
discontinued and sent multiple kites regarding the pain that he was
experiencing. He was given an extra pillow for his hip on October 9,
2012. Plaintiff treated with Dr. Shanthi Gopal on November 1, 2012, at
which appointment he was upset about his air mattress not being
restored. Dr. Gopal advised Plaintiff to try the stretching exercises and
weight loss recommended by the RMO; he also requested RMO
approval for the non-formulary pain medication, Norco, for Plaintiff’s
chronic hip pain. This request was deferred in favor of trying rotating
NSAIDs; Ultram 50 mg was approved. On December 11, 2012,
Plaintiff reported to health care complaining of chronic pain, stating
that the Ultram was being given too early to help and that his mattress
was too hard. He was informed that he was not eligible for an air
mattress. (Docket no. 347 at 8-9, 11-12, 19; docket no. 376 at 7-13, 1822.)

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On January 11, 2013, Dr. Gopal requested an off-guideline
special accommodation for an air mattress due to Plaintiff’s hip pain
and desire not to use pain medication. Defendant Stieve deferred this
request on January 14, 2013, stating it was not medically necessary. On
February 6, 2013, at an appointment with Dr. Gopal, Plaintiff
complained that right hip pain required him to sleep on his left side,
which in turn led to pressure sores on his buttock. Plaintiff asserted that
he did not want pain medication but wanted an air mattress. When Dr.
Gopal informed him that the RMO denied his air mattress request, then
he stated he wanted pain medication. Dr. Gopal noted a red area of
abrasion on the left buttock which was dry with no active drainage or
infection, and tender to the touch. Dr. Gopal prescribed antibiotic
ointment. On March 7, 2013, Defendant Stieve approved an air mattress
for Plaintiff for six months; Plaintiff received the air mattress on March
13, 2013. (Docket no. 347 at 27; docket no. 376 at 30-37.)
A proposed extension of Plaintiff’s special accommodation for
an air mattress was deferred on December 5, 2013 by Dr. Borgerding,
who reasoned that “air mattresses are considered in cases of decubiti.”
The air mattress was removed from Plaintiff’s property on December
9, 2013, but it subsequently returned to Plaintiff pursuant to the court’s
December 19, 2013 order and instructions from Defendant Stieve to
MDOC staff in furtherance of that order. There is no indication that the
named Defendants had any further involvement in Plaintiff’s healthcare
as it relates to his air mattress. Nevertheless, Plaintiff and the MDOC
continued to disagree about Plaintiff’s need for an air mattress. On
February 6, 2015, the court granted Plaintiff’s Motion for Preliminary
Injunction and ordered Defendants to provide Plaintiff with an air
mattress, which order was subsequently reversed by the Sixth Circuit
on March 21, 2016, for an evidentiary hearing. On November 22, 2017,
the court determined that an evidentiary hearing was no longer
necessary and ordered Defendants to provide Plaintiff with an air
mattress until his parole. (Docket no. 81; docket no. 285; docket no.
376 at 56-91.)
In Count Six of the Fourth Amended Complaint, Plaintiff claims
that Defendants Stieve, Upston, Miles, and Ouellette knowingly,
intentionally, and deliberately denied Plaintiff use of his air mattress,
which left Plaintiff “in a lot of pain and has caused him sleepless
nights.” (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 218-19.)
Lastly, in Count Seven of the Fourth Amended Complaint,
Plaintiff claims that Defendants Stieve and Corizon violated his Eighth
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Amendment rights by creating, implementing, or instituting various
customs, policies, practices, and criteria. (Docket no. 305 ¶¶ 221-24.)
Plaintiff seeks injunctive relief and compensatory and punitive
damages.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
The Court’s review of objections to a Magistrate Judge’s R&R on a
dispositive motion is de novo. 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(c). “‘[O]bjections disput[ing]
the correctness of the magistrate’s recommendation but fail[ing] to specify the
findings . . . believed in error’ are too general.” Novak v. Prison Health Services,
Inc., No. 13-11065, 2014 WL 988942, at *3 (E.D. Mich. Mar. 13, 2014) (quoting
Miller v. Currie, 50 F.3d 373, 380 (6th Cir. 1995)). Ordinarily, objections that lack
specificity do not receive de novo review. Mira v. Marshall, 806 F.2d 636, 637 (6th
Cir. 1986). In addition, the Court may accept, reject, or modify any or all of the
Magistrate Judge’s findings or recommendations. FED. R. CIV. P. 72(b)(3).
A party is entitled to summary judgment when “there is no genuine dispute as
to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” FED.
R. CIV. P. 56(a). A fact is material if it “might affect the outcome of the suit under
the governing law.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986).
Additionally, the Court views all of the facts in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party and draws all reasonable inferences in the non-moving party’s favor.
Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587 (1986);
Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255.
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LEGAL STANDARD
Proving deliberate indifference under the Eighth Amendment requires a twoprong inquiry: objective and subjective. Henry v. Michigan Dep't of Corr., 27 F.
App'x 573, 575–76 (6th Cir. 2001). The objective component requires evidence of a
sufficiently serious medical need. Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 834 (1994);
Phillips v. Roane Cty., Tenn., 534 F.3d 531, 539 (6th Cir. 2008). For the medical
need to be sufficiently serious, “a prison official's act or omission must result in the
denial of ‘the minimal civilized measure of life's necessities.’” Farmer, 511 U.S. at
834 (quoting Rhodes v. Chapman, 452 U.S. 337, 347 (1981)). Additionally, a serious
medical need can be shown “where a plaintiff's claims arise from an injury ‘so
obvious that even a layperson would easily recognize the necessity for a doctor's
attention’.” Blackmore v. Kalamazoo County, 390 F.3d 890, 899–900 (6th Cir. 2004)
(citation omitted).
The subjective component requires evidence that a plaintiff’s medical
provider acted with a sufficiently culpable state of mind to inflict “unnecessary and
wanton” pain. Durham v. Nu'Man, 97 F.3d 862, 869 (6th Cir. 1996); Estelle v.
Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104–05 (1976). This infliction need not be purposeful;
reckless disregard of a known risk of serious harm will suffice. Farmer, 511 U.S. at
835; Wright v. Taylor, 79 Fed. Appx. 829, 831 (6th Cir. 2003). However, “mere

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negligence, or even gross negligence, will not suffice.” Wright, 79 Fed. Appx. at
831.
ANALYSIS
Objection 1: “The Magistrate Judge erred in viewing facts in the light most
favorable to Defendant and completely disregarded some facts provided by the
Plaintiff.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6353).
Plaintiff argues that the Magistrate Judge did not look at the facts in the light
most favorable to Plaintiff for each allegation of deliberate indifference. The Court
sustains this objection in regards to Plaintiff’s need for a CPAP and Air Mattress and
overrules the objection in regard to all other claims. The Court will address each
medical condition in turn.
A. “The Magistrate Judge improperly viewed facts regarding the Continuous
Positive Airway Pressure Machine (CPAP) in a light more favorable to
Defendants Miles and Squier while disregarding other relevant facts.” (Id.).
Plaintiff argues that the Magistrate Judge failed to consider several salient
facts that create a genuine dispute such as Plaintiff’s severe symptoms and use of a
CPAP in the past. The Court finds that the Magistrate Judge did note several of these
salient facts. See supra Part A. 1. However, the Court’s de novo analysis leads it to
conclude that there is a genuine issue of material fact regarding Defendants’
deliberate indifference of Plaintiff’s need for a CPAP.

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First, a request for a CPAP due to sleep apnea is an objectively serious medical
need. The record shows that Plaintiff experienced an inability to sleep due to
shortness of breath. (ECF No. 371, PageID. 5647). Plaintiff even feared dying in his
sleep. (ECF No. 375, PageID. 5835). The severity of Plaintiff’s condition was
evaluated on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (“ESS”), which measures daytime
sleepiness. A normal score range is 0-10. On September 26, 2011, Plaintiff scored a
10. (Id. at 5841-43). A year later, after no intervention, his score increased to 18. (Id.
at 5859). A few months after that, his score increased again to 22. (Id. at 5907-08).
Finally, two years after his first complaints, a CPAP order was approved on February
2, 2013. (Id. at 5912).
The record shows that in those two years, Miles and Squire were aware of
Boone’s increasingly worsening condition and failed to act. Miles also noted that the
risk of sleep apnea included the following “certain heart conditions that can develop.
There’s respiratory conditions. Congestive heart failure is one being noted as being
associated with sleep apnea. There’s certain issues with encephalopathy or decreased
cranial function that can be a result of extended sleep apnea.” (ECF No.371, PageID.
5666). However, instead of ordering a study, Miles stated that there was no medical
need for one. (ECF No. 375, PageID. 5846). Squire also denied Plaintiff’s need for
a sleep study and CPAP because Plaintiff did not suffer from hypertension. (Id. at
5850). However, he also noted that he would merely need to see evidence of harm

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to evaluate if Plaintiff had sleep apnea (ECF No. 371-5, PageID. 5695), and
simultaneously ignored extensive documentation of Plaintiff’s harm. Accordingly,
there is enough evidence for a reasonable jury to conclude that both Miles and Squire
were subjectively aware of Plaintiff’s serious condition and were indifferent to it for
two years until it became too severe to ignore.
B. “The Magistrate Judge improperly viewed facts regarding Plaintiff’s kidney
stones in a light more favorable to Defendants Miles and Squier.” (ECF No.
390, PageID. 6359).

The Magistrate Judge properly evaluated the facts regarding Plaintiff’s kidney
stones. Plaintiff claims that he received inadequate care upon returning to prison
from the hospital. However, the record shows that his care was merely different than
the care Plaintiff and/or his treating physician at the hospital preferred, not
inadequate.
Our Circuit has held that “an allegation of questionable medical judgment
states, at most, a claim for a medical malpractice, as opposed to a constitutional
violation.” Owens v. O’Dea, 149 F.3d 1184, 1998 WL 344063, at *4 (6th Cir. 1998);
see also Carter v. Michigan Dep’t of Corr., No. 12-cv-12621, 2013 WL 5291567, at
*4 (E.D. Mich. Sept. 19, 2013), aff’d (Sept. 26, 2014) (“Selecting the appropriate
medication for a patient is a classic example of a matter for medical judgment, which
may rise to medical malpractice but not deliberate indifference.”) (citation and
internal quotation marks omitted).
Page 20 of 29

When, such as here, “an inmate has received on-going treatment for his
condition and claims that this treatment was inadequate, the objective component of
an Eighth Amendment claim requires a showing of care ‘so grossly incompetent,
inadequate, or excessive as to shock the conscience or to be intolerable to
fundamental fairness.’” Rhinehart v. Scutt, 894 F.3d 721, 736 (6th Cir. 2018); see
also Miller v. Calhoun Cty., 408 F.3d 803, 819 (6th Cir. 2005) (quoting Waldrop v.
Evans, 871 F.2d 1030, 1033 (11th Cir. 1989)). “There must be medical proof that
the provided treatment was not an adequate medical treatment of [the inmate’s]
condition or pain.” Rhinehart v. Scutt, 894 F.3d 721, 737-38 (6th Cir. 2018).
Plaintiff has not presented such proof here. Plaintiff was discharged from the
hospital with a prescription for Vicodin. (ECF No. 379, PageID. 6193, 6196).
However, upon his return, Miles instead prescribed him with a different pain
medication, Pyridium. (Id. at 6201). When Plaintiff’s pain persisted and his kidney
stones did not pass, he was not ignored. Miles ordered several urinalyses, a
magnesium supplement, and a detail for further continued access to the bathroom.
(Id. at 6220-21, 6232, 6233-35). Plaintiff claims that receiving a different medication
and being treated after six days, rather than three to five as instructed by the hospital,
are sufficient to create a genuine dispute of material fact. But under binding
precedent and the facts alleged, the Court disagrees.
C. “The Magistrate Judge improperly viewed facts regarding the AFO Brace in
a light more favorable to Defendant Miles.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6361).
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The Magistrate Judge properly ruled for summary judgment in Defendants’
favor in regard’s to Plaintiff’s request for an AFO brace. Plaintiff claims that he
needed a brace for his right foot drop to help with his mobility. The R&R notes that
Plaintiff had difficulty walking and made several requests for a brace. Defendant
Miles was aware of this medical need and prescribed him with a right shoe lift and
cane to help him walk. (ECF No. 346, PageID. 4134). Plaintiff has failed to show
how Miles’s alternative treatment is grossly inadequate, as oppose to a proper
exercise of his medical judgment.
Furthermore, Plaintiff fails to allege any facts regarding Dr. Ouelette’s
involvement in denying Plaintiff a foot brace. Therefore, summary judgment for
Defendants on this claim is appropriate.
D. “The Magistrate Judge improperly viewed facts regarding the Knee Brace and
Hardware in a light more favorable to Defendants Miles, Squier, and Corizon
and disregarded other relevant facts.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6363).
The Magistrate Judge properly viewed all of the relevant facts in a light
favorable to Plaintiff and correctly concluded that Defendants properly treated
Plaintiff, although differently than he preferred.
Plaintiff requested a left knee brace and removal of hardware due to pain and
the fact that a physician at a clinic in Detroit had prescribed him with a brace and
approved the removal of his hardware prior to his incarceration. Defendants

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examined Plaintiff’s knee and noted his pain. In response, Squire ordered and
reviewed x-rays of Plaintiff’s knee. (ECF No. 346, PageID. 4197-99). Upon her
review she concluded that a removal of hardware was not medically necessary
because there was no evidence of failure or infection, which are the most common
reasons for hardware removal. She instead implemented an alternative treatment
plan to perform CBC and ESR tests. (Id. at 4199). She additionally encouraged
Plaintiff that weight loss would likely be an effective long-term remedy for his pain.
(Id. at 4176). A few months later, when Squire noticed that Plaintiff’s knee pain was
not decreasing, she approved Plaintiff for an orthopedic consultation. (Id. at 422022).
As the Magistrate Judge noted, Miles was similarly active in responding to
Plaintiff’s pain by prescribing him Celebrex, ordering x-rays and requesting an
orthopedic evaluation for the removal of Plaintiff’s hardware. (Id. at 4199).
Furthermore, it is important to note that during this time, Plaintiff already had a knee
brace, however, it was different from the brace his orthopedic physician had
prescribed. Miles even requested repair for Plaintiff’s existing brace. Defendants
failure to provide Plaintiff with the exact brace of his or his past physician’s choice
does not rise to the level of deliberate indifference.

E. “The Magistrate Judge improperly viewed facts regarding the Air Mattress in
a light more favorable to Defendant Miles and disregarded other relevant
Facts.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6366).
Page 23 of 29

Plaintiff argues that the Magistrate Judge did not look at the facts regarding
his request for an Air Mattress in the light most favorable to him. The Court agrees.
Looking favorably upon Plaintiff’s evidence, the record shows that there are genuine
disputes of facts on both the objective and subjective prongs of the deliberate
indifferent claim.
First, had a serious medical need for an Air Mattress to treat his severe back
and hip pain. He sent several kites chronicling severe unrelenting pain. (See ECF
No. 374, PageID. 5727, 5730, 5738). Plaintiff even developed a bed sore sleeping on
the hard mattress which was noted as a ““red area of abrasion on the left buttock
above the gluteal fold . . . tender ot [sic] touch.” (ECF No. 358-2, PageID. 4950).
Significantly, Plaintiff also experienced severe emotional distress from his pain and
lack of proper treatment. He expressed deep depression, hopelessness, and thoughts
of suicide for over a year before he finally received relief. (Id. at 5811).
Second, Miles was aware of Plaintiff’s continuous complaints regarding
physical and emotional pain, but yet deprived Plaintiff of an Air Mattress because
he did not find it to be medically necessary under the guidelines. However, Plaintiff
presents evidence that his condition did fit under the guidelines. The guidelines
stated that an Air Mattress may be ordered for an inmate if he or she had a history
of

or “currently existing skin breakdown.” (ECF No 354-4, PageID. 4018).

Plaintiff’s bed sores fit within this parameter. Moreover, Miles himself noted that
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the conditions outlined in the guidelines were neither exhaustive nor limiting. (ECF
No. 371-4, PageID. 5689). In other words, Miles knew that he could have given relief
to Plaintiff that his life depended on, but instead chose to disregard Plaintiff’s pain
and did not order an Air Mattress until he was forced to by an order from this Court.
This presents a genuine issue of material fact.
Although Plaintiff can sustain a claim against Miles for failing to provide him
with an Air Mattress, he cannot do so against Ouelette. Plaintiff only claims that
Ouelette did not treat Plaintiff’s prior documentation of back and hip pain. (ECF No.
371, PageID. 5672). However, there is no evidence that Plaintiff asked Ouelette for
an Air Mattress. Therefore, no reasonable juror could conclude that Oulette was
subjectively aware of Plaintiff’s medical need for an Air Mattress.

Objection 2: “The Magistrate Judge improperly Determined the credibility of the
Defendants.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6369).
Plaintiff argues that the Magistrate Judge made credibility determinations in
favor of Defendants. The Court disagrees. The Magistrate Judge’s findings can be
summarized as follows: “[e]ach of Plaintiff’s deliberate indifference claims contain
the same general fact pattern – that Plaintiff did not receive the type of medical
treatment that he requested, preferred, or believed was necessary, when he wanted
it.” (ECF No. 387, PageID. 6342). Accordingly, the Court finds that the Magistrate

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Judge properly weighed both parties’ evidence and found that even if all of
Plaintiff’s assertions were true, Defendants are entitled to summary judgement as a
matter of law, because he merely did not receive his preferred treatment, rather than
inadequate treatment. Regardless of whether the Court adopts the R&R’s
conclusions, the Court finds that the Magistrate Judge’s analysis is within the bounds
of the summary judgment standard of review. Objection 2 is overruled.

Objection 3: “The Magistrate Judge erred in deciding Plaintiff improperly plead
new legal theories at the Summary Judgment Stage.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6371).
The Magistrate Judge concluded that because Plaintiff’s Fourth Amended
Complaint did not include factual allegations of Defendant Stieve’s personal
involvement in the deprivation of Plaintiff’s air mattress, Plaintiff’s claims regarding
Stieve’s personal involvement were not properly plead and cannot be pursued. (ECF
No. 387, PageID. 6325). The Court finds the contrary. Paragraph 218 of Plaintiff’s
Complaint states that “Defendant Stieve . . . did knowingly, intentionally, and
deliberately deny Plaintiff use of his medically clear air mattress, in order to help
relieve his hip pain.” Because Plaintiff did properly plead Defendant Stieve’s
personal involvement in the deprivation of Plaintiff’s air mattress, the Court may
decide the merits of this claim.

Page 26 of 29

In analyzing the claim’s merits, the Court finds that Plaintiff has presented a
genuine dispute of material fact. Plaintiff alleges that Steive told a nurse that Plaintiff
did not meet the criteria for an air mattress, which required a condition such as a skin
breakdown. (ECF No. 358-2, PageID. 4925; ECF No. 342, PageID. 3925). However,
Plaintiff did have a skin breakdown in the form of a bed sore. (ECF No. 358-2,
PageID. 4949-50).
Even if Plaintiff did not develop a bed sore, or Defendant Steive was not aware
of it, he admits that the criteria for an air mattress is flexible and discretionary such
that it could be supplied off the guidelines if it were in the patient’s best interest.
(ECF No. 358-5, PageID. 5031). However, despite repeated complaints of
debilitating pain, Steive did not act in Plaintiff’s best interest and order the air
mattress until several months later. (ECF No. 374, PageID. 5752). Then after a sixmonth period the mattress was taken from Plaintiff and the evidence shows that
Steive failed to have it returned until an order from the Court. (Id.; ECF No. 81).
These facts could lead a reasonable jury to conclude that Steive was deliberately
indifferent to Plaintiff’s pain. Objection 3 is sustained.

Objection 4: “The Magistrate Judge Improperly Dismissed the CPAP Claim
Against Defendant Stieve.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6375).

Page 27 of 29

Because Plaintiff has presented a genuine dispute of fact as to Defendant
Stieve’s personal involvement in denying him a CPAP, objection 4 is sustained.
Plaintiff alleges that although he sent several kites regarding the pain and distress he
experienced while sleeping, Stieve denied his request for a CPAP as medically
unnecessary. (ECF No. 382-2, PageID. 4947-48).
Objection 5: “The Plaintiff was not allowed to submit a complete set of facts to the
Court to show a genuine issue of material fact.” (ECF No. 390, PageID. 6376).
Plaintiff claims that he was prevented from submitting a complete set of facts
because the Magistrate Judge denied his Motion to File an Oversize Response to
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment [356]. (ECF No. 362). As the Court
already found in a prior order on the same matter, the Magistrate Judge did not
clearly err in concluding that Plaintiff may not extend the page limit by forty-four
pages. (See ECF No. 365, PageID. 5062). Objection 5 is overruled.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated above, the R&R [387] is ADOPTED in part; Plaintiff’s
Objections [390] are SUSTAINED in part and OVERRULED in part; the MDOC
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment [342] is DENIED with regard to
Plaintiff’s claims against Defendant Stieve and DENIED as moot with regard to
Plaintiff’s claims against Defendant Upston; and the Corizon Defendants’ Motion
for Summary Judgment [345] is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part.

Page 28 of 29

This ruling has the effect of dismissing Counts 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 of Plaintiff’s
Fourth Amended Complaint and dismissing Defendants Lybarger and Corizon.
Counts 1 and 6 regarding the CPAP and Air Mattress remain.
Accordingly,
IT IS ORDERED that the R&R [387] ADOPTED in part.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff’s Objections [390] are
SUSTAINED in part and OVERRULED in part.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the MDOC Defendants’ Motion for
Summary Judgment [342] is DENIED with regard to Plaintiff’s claims against
Defendant Stieve and DENIED as moot with regard to Plaintiff’s claims against
Defendant Upston.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Corizon Defendants’ Motion for
Summary Judgment [345] is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part.
SO ORDERED.

Dated: May 31, 2020`

s/Arthur J. Tarnow
Arthur J. Tarnow
Senior United States District Judge

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