Stark v. University of Southern Mississippi et al
Filing
174
ORDER denying Defendant Martha Saunders' 100 Motion to Dismiss; denying Defendant Saunders' 137 Motion to Alter Judgment; and denying Defendant Saunders' 139 Motion to Strike. Signed by District Judge Keith Starrett on August 21, 2014 (dsl)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF MISSISSIPPI
EASTERN DIVISION
DIANE STARK
V.
PLAINTIFF
CIVIL ACTION NO. 2:13cv31-KS-MTP
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI,
JEFF HAMMOND, INDIVIDUALLY AND OFFICIALLY,
DR. MARTHA SAUNDERS, INDIVIDUALLY AND OFFICIALLY;
BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF STATE INSTITUTIONS OF
HIGHER LEARNING
DEFENDANTS
OPINION AND ORDER
This matter is before the Court on the Defendant Dr. Martha Saunders’ Motion to
Dismiss as to State Law Claims [100], Motion to Alter or Amend Judgment [137], and
Motion to Strike [139]. For the reasons stated below, each motion will be denied.
Background
Plaintiff Diane Stark asserts numerous federal and state law claims relating to
her former employment with the University of Southern Mississippi (“USM”) as the
Senior Associate Athletics Director for Internal Affairs. Defendant Dr. Martha Saunders
was the President of USM at certain times relevant to the Plaintiff’s employment.
Defendant Jeff Hammond was the Interim Athletics Director at certain times relevant to
the Plaintiff’s employment. The Defendant Board of Trustees of State Institutions of
Higher Learning is charged with the management and control of Mississippi’s state
institutions of higher learning, such as USM, under Mississippi law. See Miss. Const.
art. 8, § 213-A; Miss. Code Ann. § 37-101-1. Further background information regarding
this dispute is contained in the Court’s prior Orders. (See Doc. Nos. [80], [131], [135].)
Motion to Alter or Amend Judgment [137]
On March 25, 2014, the Court granted in part and denied in part Dr. Saunders’
Motion to Dismiss [62], which sought the dismissal of all claims asserted against her in
her individual capacity under Title 42 U.S.C. § 1983. (See Mem. Op. & Order [131].)
The following of the Plaintiff’s claims were dismissed without prejudice: (i) First
Amendment retaliation claim; (ii) Equal Protection unequal pay claim; (iii) Procedural
Due Process claim based on the existence of an alleged oral contract; (iv) Procedural
Due Process claim based on McArn v. Allied Bruce-Terminix Co., 626 So. 2d 603 (Miss.
1993); and (v) Substantive Due Process claim. Plaintiff’s Procedural Due Process claim
based on USM’s employee handbook and Equal Protection failure to promote claim
survived past the pleading stage. Nonetheless, the Court provided that Dr. Saunders
could seek dismissal of these remaining claims at the summary stage or at trial.
Dr. Saunders now seeks reconsideration of the Court’s refusal to dismiss
Plaintiff’s Equal Protection (failure to promote) and Procedural Due Process (employee
handbook) claims pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e). The Fifth Circuit
has provided that Rule 59(e) governs a motion seeking reconsideration of a ruling when
the motion is filed within twenty-eight days of judgment. See Demahy v. Schwarz
Pharma, Inc., 702 F.3d 177, 182 n.2 (5th Cir. 2012) (citation omitted), cert. denied, 134
S. Ct. 57 (2013). The Motion to Alter or Amend Judgment [137] was filed twenty-eight
days after the entry of the subject Memorandum Opinion and Order [131]. Therefore,
Rule 59(e) and its interpretive precedent will be applied.1
1
The Court recognizes that Rule 59(e) is not technically applicable since no
“judgment” has been entered in this cause. However, this Court and others analyze
-2-
“[A]mending a judgment is appropriate (1) where there has been an intervening
change in the controlling law; (2) where the movant presents newly discovered evidence
that was previously unavailable; or (3) to correct a manifest error of law or fact.”
Demahy, 702 F.3d at 182 (citing Schiller v. Physicians Res. Grp. Inc., 342 F.3d 563,
567 (5th Cir. 2003)). Dr. Saunders’ motion is limited to the third ground of the preceding
standard. With respect to this ground, the court has previously cautioned that the
litigant “should evaluate whether what may seem to be a clear error of law is in fact
simply a point of disagreement between the Court and the litigant.” Atkins v. Marathon
LeTourneau Co., 130 F.R.D. 625, 626 (S.D. Miss. 1990). A Rule 59(e) motion is not a
proper vehicle for raising arguments or legal theories that could have been presented
prior to the entry of the challenged ruling. See Demahy, 702 F.3d at 182 (citing
Marseilles Homeowners Condo. Ass’n v. Fidelity Nat. Ins. Co., 542 F.3d 1053, 1058 (5th
Cir. 2008)). “Whatever may be the purpose of Rule 59(e), it should not be supposed
that it is intended to give an unhappy litigant one additional chance to sway the judge.”
Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Pham, 193 F.R.D. 493, 494 (S.D. Miss. 2000) (citation
omitted).
Dr. Saunders has failed to evidence any manifest error of law or fact in the
Court’s Memorandum Opinion and Order [131]. Instead, Dr. Saunders’ reconsideration
motion presents points of disagreement with the Court’s finding that certain of the
reconsideration motions under Rule 59(e) when they are filed within the 28-day
deadline. See, e.g., B & C Marine, LLC v. Cabiran, No. 12-1015, 2013 WL 950562, at
*1 (E.D. La. Mar. 11, 2013); Garrison v. Tex. S. Univ., No. H-11-2368, 2013 WL 247028,
at *1 (S.D. Tex. Jan. 22, 2013); Insurasource, Inc. v. Fireman’s Fund Ins. Co., No.
2:11cv82, 2012 WL 1365083, at *1-2 (S.D. Miss. Apr. 19, 2012).
-3-
Plaintiff’s allegations pass scrutiny under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6).
Several of Dr. Saunders’ arguments “could, and should, have been made before the
judgment issued”, and none require a departure from the Court’s ruling. United Nat’l
Ins. Co. v. Mundell Terminal Servs., Inc., 740 F.3d 1022, 1031 (5th Cir. 2014) (quoting
Advocare Int’l LP v. Horizon Labs., Inc., 524 F.3d 679, 691 (5th Cir. 2008)). For
instance, there was no error in the Court’s consideration of a prima facie case of gender
discrimination under Title VII in determining the adequacy of the Plaintiff’s equal
protection allegations under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 since Title VII and § 1983 are “parallel”
avenues of recovery.2 Furthermore, the Court appropriately took notice of the Plaintiff’s
EEOC Charges of Discrimination in evaluating her claim of discrimination “based upon”3
or “because of”4 her gender since they are documents of public record and are
referenced in the Complaint.5 The Court also considered whether the Plaintiff alleged
facts as to Dr. Saunders’ personal involvement in the purported constitutional violations
2
See, e.g., Burton v. Ark. Sec’y of State, 737 F.3d 1219, 1237 (8th Cir. 2013); Smith
v. Bray, 681 F.3d 888, 899 (7th Cir. 2012); Gaalla v. Brown, 460 Fed. Appx. 469, 480
n.7 (5th Cir. 2012); Swilley v. City of Houston, 457 Fed. Appx. 400, 404 (5th Cir. 2012);
Adams v. Fulton County, Ga., 397 Fed. Appx. 611, 613 (11th Cir. 2010); Young v. City
of Syracuse Dep’t of Public Works, 307 Fed. Appx. 512, 514 (2d Cir. 2009); Lauderdale
v. Tex. Dep’t of Criminal Justice, Institutional Div., 512 F.3d 157, 166 (5th Cir. 2007).
3
(Am. Compl. [38] at ¶ 29.)
4
(Doc. No. [87-2 at ECF p. 4].)
5
See, e.g., Meyers v. Textron, Inc., 540 Fed. Appx. 408, 409 (5th Cir. 2013); San
Geronimo Caribe Project, Inc. v. Acevedo-Vila, 687 F.3d 465, 471 n.2 (1st Cir. 2012);
Haley v. City of Boston, 657 F.3d 39, 46 (1st Cir. 2011); Blakley v. Schlumberger Tech.
Corp., 648 F.3d 921, 931 (8th Cir. 2011); Hicks v. Lingle, 370 Fed. Appx. 497, 498 (5th
Cir. 2010); Sosa v. Hames, 218 Fed. Appx. 976, 978 n.3 (11th Cir. 2007); Amini v.
Oberlin Coll., 259 F.3d 493, 502-03 (6th Cir. 2001).
-4-
since a supervisory official “cannot be held liable under § 1983 for the actions of
subordinates on any theory of vicarious liability.” Hampton v. Oktibbeha County Sheriff
Dep’t, 480 F.3d 358, 365 (5th Cir. 2007) (citing Thibodeaux v. Arceneaux, 768 F.2d 737,
739 (5th Cir. 1985)). As to certain claims, such as the Plaintiff’s unequal pay allegation,
the Complaint was found to be devoid of factual content leading to the reasonable
inference that Dr. Saunders was personally involved in the alleged violation. As to the
Equal Protection and Due Process claims still before the Court, the Plaintiff was found
to have pled sufficient facts to support § 1983 individual liability. In short, Dr. Saunders’
disagreements reveal no erroneous legal rulings and the Motion to Alter or Amend
Judgment [137] will be denied.
Motion to Dismiss as to State Law Claims [100]
This motion will be denied without prejudice. Dr. Saunders has recently moved
for summary judgment on all of the Plaintiff’s remaining claims asserted against her in
her individual and official capacities. (See Doc. Nos. [166], [169].) In seeking summary
judgment, Dr. Saunders incorporates by reference the grounds and arguments
presented in her prior request for the dismissal of the Plaintiff’s state law claims. The
Court will consider the bases for dismissal presented in Dr. Saunders’ Motion to Dismiss
as to State Law Claims [100] in ruling on summary judgment.
Motion to Strike [139]
This motion will be denied as moot. The motion is aimed at eight pages of
deposition testimony attached as an exhibit to the Plaintiff’s Reply [126] in support of
her Motion to Strike Motion to Dismiss [112]. The Plaintiff’s Motion to Strike Motion to
Dismiss [112] was denied on April 3, 2014. (See Op. & Order [135].) To the extent the
-5-
subject deposition testimony relates to Dr. Saunders’ Motion to Dismiss as to State Law
Claims [100], that motion is being denied for the above-discussed reasons.
Conclusion
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that the Motion to Alter or
Amend Judgment [137] is denied.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that the Motion to Dismiss as to
State Law Claims [100] is denied without prejudice.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that the Motion to Strike [139] is
denied as moot.
SO ORDERED AND ADJUDGED this the 21st day of August, 2014
s/Keith Starrett
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
-6-
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?