Goodin v. Colvin et al

Filing 18

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER granting defendant's Motion to Affirm the Commissioner's Decision. Plaintiff's appeal is dismissed with prejudice. Signed by Magistrate Judge Linda R. Anderson on 9/26/17. (RRL)

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF MISSISSIPPI
NORTHERN DIVISION
PATRICIA ANN GOODIN
V.

PLAINTIFF
CIVIL ACTION NO. 3:15CV789 LRA

NANCY BERRYHILL, ACTING
COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY1

DEFENDANT

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
Patricia Goodin appeals the final decision denying her application for a period of
disability and disability insurance benefits (“DIB”). The Commissioner requests an order
pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), affirming the final decision of the Administrative Law
Judge. Having carefully considered the hearing transcript, the medical records in
evidence, and all the applicable law, the Court finds that the decision should be affirmed.
On March 12, 2012, Goodin filed an application for DIB alleging a disability onset
date of December 31, 2011, due to osteoarthritis. She was 49 years old on her alleged
onset date, with one semester of community college and work experience as a secretary.
Following agency denials of her application, an Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”)
rendered an unfavorable decision finding that she had not established a disability within
the meaning of the Social Security Act. The Appeals Council denied Plaintiff’s request
for review. She now appeals that decision.

1

Nancy Berryhill is substituted for her predecessor, Carolyn W. Colvin, as Acting Commissioner of Social
Security. Fed. R. Civ. P. 25(d).

At step one of the five-step sequential evaluation,2 the ALJ found that Plaintiff had
not engaged in substantial gainful activity since her alleged onset date. At step two, the
ALJ found that although Plaintiff had the following medically determinable impairments:
osteoarthritis of the hands, fingers, and knees, it was not medically severe. Based on the
evidence as a whole, the ALJ concluded that Plaintiff failed to establish a disability under
the Social Security Act since her alleged onset date.
Standard of Review
Judicial review in social security appeals is limited to two basic inquiries: A(1)
whether there is substantial evidence in the record to support the [ALJ’s] decision; and
(2) whether the decision comports with relevant legal standards.@ Brock v. Chater, 84
F.3d 726, 728 (5th Cir. 1996) (citing Carrier v. Sullivan, 944 F.2d 243, 245 (5th Cir.
1991)). Evidence is substantial if it is Arelevant and sufficient for a reasonable mind to
accept as adequate to support a conclusion; it must be more than a scintilla, but it need
not be a preponderance.@ Leggett v. Chater, 67 F.3d 558, 564 (5th Cir. 1995) (quoting
Anthony v. Sullivan, 954 F.2d at 295 (5th Cir. 1992)). This Court may not re-weigh the
evidence, try the case de novo, or substitute its judgment for that of the ALJ, even if it
finds evidence that preponderates against the ALJ’s decision. Bowling v. Shalala, 36
F.3d 431, 434 (5th Cir. 1994).

2
Under C.F.R. § 404.1520, the steps of the sequential evaluation are: (1) Is plaintiff engaged in
substantially gainful activity? (2) Does plaintiff have a severe impairment? (3) Does plaintiff’s impairment(s) (or
combination thereof) meet or equal an impairment listed in 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Sub-part P, Appendix 1? (4) Can
plaintiff return to prior relevant work? (5) Is there any work in the national economy that plaintiff can perform? See
also McQueen v. Apfel, 168 F.3d 152, 154 (5th Cir. 1999).

2

Discussion
Plaintiff contends that this case should be reversed or alternatively remanded
because the ALJ failed to find that her osteoarthritis was a severe impairment, and failed
to properly evaluate all of the objective medical evidence of record. The Court considers
these issues intertwined in this case and addresses them accordingly.
A claimant’s entitlement to disability benefits hinges on whether he can establish
his inability “to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of [a] medically
determinable physical or mental impairment . . . which has lasted or can be expected to
last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.” Id. at 435 (quoting 42 U.S.C. §§
416(i), 423(d)(1)(A)). The Commissioner reviews the evidence of disability offered by
the claimant and evaluates the evidence by using a sequential evaluation. The burden of
proof on the first four steps falls on the claimant; the burden of proof on the last step -whether a claimant can perform work existing in significant numbers in the national
economy -- rests with the Commissioner. Significantly, the Commissioner only has the
burden of proof at step five, while the claimant has the burden of making the threshold
showing that the impairment is medically severe at step two. An impairment is not
severe “only if it is a slight abnormality [having] such minimal effect on the individual
that it would not be expected to interfere with the individual’s ability to work,
irrespective of age, education or work experience.” Stone v. Heckler, 752 F.2d 1099,
1101 (5th Cir. 1985) (quotation omitted).
In the instant case, Plaintiff testified that constant pain and limitations caused by
osteoarthritis in her fingers, hands, and knees preclude her from working. She claims that
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she limps and has trouble standing for longer than 15-20 minutes at a time because of
pain and swelling in her right knee. She also has difficulty squatting, climbing stairs, and
picking up and gripping objects, so much so that she does not trust her grip strength.
Plaintiff acknowledged that her arthritis medication helps, explaining that “it made a
world of difference,” but testified that the pain never completely goes away. She is still
able to drive, attend to her personal needs, and perform household chores, but testified
that it takes her a little longer.3
Applying the severity standard promulgated in Stone, the ALJ concluded that
Plaintiff did not have an impairment or combination of impairments that were medically
severe from her alleged onset date through the date of the ALJ’s decision. The ALJ
noted that Plaintiff’s osteoarthritis was established by objective evidence and could
reasonably be expected to produce the alleged symptoms. However, her statements
regarding their intensity, persistence, and limiting effects of her symptoms did not
credibly establish that they were medically severe. When a claimant’s statements
concerning the intensity, persistence, or limiting effects of symptoms are not supported
by objective evidence, the ALJ has the discretion to make a finding on their credibility
and that determination is entitled to considerable deference. Foster v. Astrue, 277 F.
App’x. 462 (5th Cir. 2008).
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ was required to consider all the record evidence, but
selectively chose only the evidence that supported his position in contravention of

3

ECF No. 10, pp. 29-48.

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controlling precedent and social security rulings and regulations. Loza v. Apfel, 219 F.2d
378, 393 (5th Cir. 2000). She notes that in dismissing her claims at step two, the ALJ
discussed X-rays showing she had no severe orthopedic knee problems in 2012, but failed
to mention X-rays of her left hand showing “degenerative DIP joint changes noted at the
second through fifth digits, most significantly involving the third digit.” She alleges that
the ALJ also failed to consider updated radiological evidence submitted after the
administrative hearing confirming her osteoarthritis diagnoses, i.e., X-ray reports from
Webster Arthritis Clinic in April 2014 showing swelling of the third digit on the right
hand, and moderate crepitus of the right knee with tenderness, swelling, and decreased
range of motion. Plaintiff maintains that this evidence substantiates her allegations, and
the ALJ’s failure to account for it before dismissing her claim at step two warrants
remand.4
It is well-established law that while an ALJ is not required to discuss every piece
of evidence in evaluating a disability claim, he may not ignore probative evidence. Id. at
393; see also Audler v. Astrue, 501 F.3d 446, 448 (5th Cir. 2007). “A finding that a
claimant is not disabled at any step in the five-step process is conclusive and terminates
the Commissioner’s analysis.” Wren v. Sullivan, 925 F.2d 123, 125-26 (5th Cir. 1991). A
dismissal at step two without consideration of all the evidence “can result in the
premature, improper cessation of the sequential analysis to the prejudicial detriment of
the claimant.” Pena v. Astrue, No. M-14-914, 2015 WL 10550964, at * 8 (S.D. Tex.

4

ECF No. 10, pp. 157-174.

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Dec. 30, 2015). The mere diagnosis of an impairment is insufficient to establish severity.
At step two of the sequential evaluation, the claimant bears the burden of proving not
only that she has been diagnosed with a medically determinable impairment, but that it
also affects her ability to do basic work activities. Brunson v. Astrue, 387 F. App’x. 459,
461 (5th Cir. 2010) (per curiam) (unpublished). The relevant inquiry is “whether the
record, read as a whole, yields such evidence as would allow a reasonable mind to accept
the conclusions reached by the ALJ.” Loza, 219 F.2d at 393. The record yielded
substantial evidence here.
A consultative examination performed in April 2012 revealed “mild synovitis
changes in the small joints of the hand and feet with mild swelling of the DIP and PIP
joints in both hands.” Notwithstanding, Plaintiff had normal hand function – normal grip
and dexterity in both hands with full motor strength despite her testimony to the contrary.
She had difficulty squatting during the examination but had only a 5-degree reduction of
flexion in the right knee. She otherwise had full flexion, normal extension, and no rangeof-motion limitation in her knees or any other extremity. No limp was reported or
documented by the examiner.5
Treatment records before and after the consultative examination, while minimal,
reveal similar findings. Primary care records from 2011 through 2013 reveal Plaintiff did
not complain of joint pain or limitation until October 2012. Knee joint tenderness and
abnormal range of motion were noted at that time, but the examination otherwise yielded

5

ECF No. 10, pp. 148-151.

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normal findings. Subsequent examinations through December 2013 reflect complaints of
joint pain on two occasions but no abnormalities or symptomology upon examination.
No limitations in standing, walking, or gripping were documented.6
In addition to this evidence, the ALJ observed that Plaintiff began seeing an
arthritis specialist in 2007, but she did not return for follow-up treatment after 2008 until
December 2012. She was prescribed medication in response to her complaints of
widespread pain and by the following month, she reported feeling “significantly better.”
She had some right knee effusion but normal range of motion, no tenderness, and no
synovitis of her joints despite exuberant osteoarthritis of the hands. It is not insignificant,
as noted by the ALJ, that when Plaintiff last saw her arthritis specialist in July 2013, she
reported having less than 30 minutes of morning stiffness due to osteoarthritis. She was
described as being in “dramatically less pain” as the result of medication with no side
effects reported. Despite her testimony that she limps and has poor grip strength, no soft
tissue swelling, significant changes in gait, or loss of upper extremity function were
observed.7
In conjunction with the clinical findings of Plaintiff’s examining and treating
sources, the ALJ also gave great weight to a state agency physician’s opinion that
Plaintiff’s osteoarthritis was not medically severe, noting that it was consistent with the
overall evidence.

6

Id. at. 157-174, 255-291.

7

ECF No. 10, pp. 175-254.

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Plaintiff alleges that the ALJ ignored favorable evidence, but the undersigned does
not so read the ALJ’s decision. “The fact that the ALJ cited certain evidence that he felt
supported his decision does not mean that he failed to consider all of the other evidence
in the record.” Brunson, 387 F. App’x. at 461. While the ALJ did not discuss every xray report of record, he acknowledged that her osteoarthritis was documented by
radiographic testing showing degenerative changes to her hands and right foot. He also
credited medical evidence indicating osteoarthritis in her knees, as evidenced by his
finding that it too was a medical determinable impairment. He then weighed the
objective evidence establishing Plaintiff’s osteoarthritis as a medically determinable
impairment against her daily activities and alleged limitations. He found her statements
about how her osteoarthritic symptoms affected her capacity to work to be both
inconsistent and contrary to other information of record. The credibility determination is
entitled to considerable deference, supported by substantial evidence, and in compliance
with controlling law.
A claimant's failure to seek treatment is a relevant factor to consider in
determining the severity of an alleged impairment, and may be used in conjunction with
the claimant’s daily activities and medical reports to discount complaints of disabling
pain or other limitations. Doss v. Barnhart, 137 F. App'x 689, 690 (5th Cir. 2005);
Anthony v. Sullivan, 954 F.2d at 295; Griego v. Sullivan, 940 F.2d 942, 945 (5th Cir.
1991); Villa v. Sullivan, 895 F.2d 1019, 1024 (5th Cir. 1990). The absence of objective
indicators and other symptomology may also be considered in evaluating a claimant’s

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claims. Adams v. Bowen, 833 F.2d 509, 512 (5th Cir. 1987).8 “A medical condition that
can reasonably be remedied either by surgery, treatment, or medication is not disabling.”
LeBlanc v. Chater, 83 F.3d 419 (5th Cir. 1996) (quoting Lovelace v. Bowen, 813 F.2d 55,
59 (5th Cir. 1987)). The radiological evidence highlighted by Plaintiff on appeal, while
further confirming that her osteoarthritis is a medical determinable impairment, does little
to change the ALJ’s other findings: Plaintiff did not pursue or require ongoing medical
care for the conditions she alleged rendered her unable to work. Medications were
effective in controlling her symptoms with no reported side effects, despite her report of
constant unremitting pain. No examining or treating source concluded that her
osteoarthritis produced functional limitations that would impact her ability to work. As a
whole, the record failed to establish “more than minimal functional limitations which
have persisted continuously for at least twelve months.”9
The Court is mindful that the severity threshold requires the claimant to make a
fairly de minimis showing. Given the evidence as stated, the Court's review of the record
compels a finding that the ALJ applied the correct legal standards and that substantial
evidence supports the ALJ's decision.

8
See also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1529 (“Your symptoms, such as pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, weakness, or
nervousness, are considered in making a determination as to whether your impairment or combination of
impairment(s) is severe.”).
9

ECF No. 10, p. 23.

9

Conclusion
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that Defendant=s Motion to
Affirm the Commissioner=s Decision is hereby granted, and Plaintiff=s appeal is dismissed
with prejudice. A Final Judgment in favor of the Commissioner shall be entered.
SO ORDERED on September 26, 2017.

s/ Linda R. Anderson
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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