Miller v. Colvin
Filing
15
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER re: 13 MOTION to Dismiss Case filed by Defendant Carolyn W. Colvin. Inasmuch as the evidence before the Court shows the instant civil action to be untimely filed under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), and Miller has failed to show that circumstances exist to justify equitable tolling, the instant cause of action will be dismissed. Signed by Magistrate Judge Abbie Crites-Leoni on 10/17/16. (CSG)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
EASTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI
EASTERN DIVISION
LISA K. MILLER,
Plaintiff,
vs.
CAROLYN W. COLVIN,
Acting Commissioner of Social Security,
Defendant.
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) Case No. 4:16CV685 ACL
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MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
Plaintiff Lisa K. Miller brings this action pro se pursuant to 42 U.S.C. ' 405(g), seeking
judicial review of the Social Security Administration Commissioner’s denial of her application for
benefits under Title II of the Social Security Act. Presently pending before the Court is
Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss (Doc. 13), in which Defendant contends that this action must be
dismissed because it was untimely filed. Miller has filed a Response in Opposition to
Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss. (Doc. 14.)
I. Procedural History
Miller’s application for benefits was denied in a written opinion by an administrative law
judge (“ALJ”) dated April 24, 2014. (Doc. 13-2.) On August 12, 2015, the Appeals Council
denied Miller’s request for review, and notified Miller that she had sixty days to file a civil action.
(Doc. 13-3.) The Appeals Council further stated that the sixty-day period starts the day after
Miller received the Appeals Council’s letter, and that it is assumed she received the letter five days
after the date of the letter. Id. In a letter dated October 19, 2015, Miller requested an extension
of time to file a civil action. (Doc. 13-4.) On January 12, 2016, the Appeals Council granted
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Miller’s request for an extension, and extended the time within which she could file a civil action
to thirty days from the date she received that letter. (Doc. 13-5.) The Appeals Council again
explained that that it is assumed she received the letter within five days after the date of the letter.
Id. Miller filed the instant Complaint on May 16, 2016.
II. Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss
Defendant argues that Miller’s appeal of the Commissioner’s final decision must be
dismissed because it was untimely filed.
In her Response, Miller states that she disagrees with Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss.
(Doc. 14 at 1.) Miller then provides argument in support of her claim that the ALJ erred in
denying her application for benefits.
Title 42 U.S.C. § 405(g) governs judicial review of final decisions of the Commissioner in
Social Security matters. Pursuant to § 405(g),
[a]ny individual, after any final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security
made after a hearing to which he was a party, irrespective of the amount in
controversy, may obtain a review of such decision by a civil action commenced
within sixty days after the mailing to him of notice of such decision or within such
further time as the Commissioner of Social Security may allow.
The promulgated regulations provide that a civil action under § 405(g) “must be commenced
within sixty days after notice of the Appeals Council decision ‘is received by the individual.’”
Bess v. Barnhart, 337 F.3d 988, 989 (8th Cir. 2003) (per curiam ) (quoting 20 C.F.R. §
422.210(c)); see also 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.981, 416.1481. The regulations further provide that the
date the individual receives notice is presumed to be five days after the date of the notice, “unless
there is a reasonable showing to the contrary.” 20 C.F.R. § 422.210(c); see also 20 C.F.R. §§
404.901, 416.1401.
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The sixty-day time period is not jurisdictional, but rather constitutes a statute of limitations.
Bowen v. City of New York, 476 U.S. 467, 478 (1986) (citing Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319,
328 n. 9 (1976); Weinberger v. Salfi, 422 U.S. 749, 764 (1975)). “[T]he statute of limitations
embodied in § 405(g) is a mechanism by which Congress was able to move cases to speedy
resolution in a bureaucracy that processes millions of claims annually.” Id. at 481. It is well
established that, in the absence of equitable tolling, failure to comply with the sixty-day limitation
warrants dismissal. See generally Bess, 337 F.3d 988; Turner v. Bowen, 862 F.2d 708, 710 (8th
Cir. 1988) (per curiam ).
In this case, the Appeals Council extended the time in which to file a civil action to thirty
days from the date of its January 12, 2016 letter. (Doc. 13-5.) The law presumes that Miller
received this letter within five days after its issuance—January 17, 2016—unless there is a
showing to the contrary. See 20 C.F.R. '' 404.901, 416.1401. Miller has made no showing to
the contrary. Accordingly, Miller had thirty days from January 17, 2016, that is, through
February 16, 2016, by which to bring a civil action seeking judicial review of the Commissioner’s
final decision. The instant cause was filed on May 16, 2016. Miller did not seek another
extension of time from the Commissioner to file a civil action. As such, the instant cause of
action is untimely.
As noted above, equitable tolling of the sixty-day limitation is allowed “in some cases,”
City of New York, 476 U.S. at 480, and specifically in those cases “where the equities in favor of
tolling the limitations period are ‘so great that deference to the agency’s judgment is
inappropriate.’” Id. (quoting Eldridge, 424 U.S. at 330). The Eighth Circuit has allowed
equitable tolling in situations where the claimant has actively pursued her judicial remedies by
filing a defective pleading during the statutory period, or where circumstances involve conduct (by
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someone other than the claimant) that is misleading or fraudulent such as where the claimant has
been induced or tricked by her adversary’s misconduct into allowing the filing deadline to pass.
Medellin v. Shalala, 23 F.3d 199, 204 (8th Cir. 1994); Turner, 862 F.2d at 710 (citing Smith v.
McClammy, 740 F.2d 925, 927 (11th Cir. 1984)). Equitable relief, however, is typically extended
“only sparingly.” Medellin, 23 F.3d at 204. Miller has provided no argument or evidence
demonstrating that equitable tolling applies in this case.
Inasmuch as the evidence before the Court shows the instant civil action to be untimely
filed under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), and Miller has failed to show that circumstances exist to justify
equitable tolling, the instant cause of action will be dismissed.
s/ Abbie Crites-Leoni
ABBIE CRITES-LEONI
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
Dated this 17th day of October, 2016.
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