IM Boone, LLC v. Randolph E. Adams, both individually and in his capacity as co-trustee et al
Filing
51
The Court DENIES the motion to quash filed by GPT (Doc. 33 ) and ORDERS GPT to provide to Plaintiff's counsel the documents and information requested in the subpoena within five days of this order or, if a motion for a protective order is to be filed, within five days of the Court's entry of an order concerning the motion for a protective order. (Sreeprakash, Netra)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
WESTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI
CENTRAL DIVISION
IM BOONE, LLC,
Plaintiff,
v.
RANDOLPH E. ADAMS, et al.,
Defendants.
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No. 16-4177-CV-C-NKL
ORDER
A conference was held on May 16, 2017 (Doc. 41) before Magistrate Judge Whitworth to
address the filing of a motion by third-party Gibbs Pool and Turner P.C. (“GPT”) to quash a
subpoena (Doc. 33). At the conclusion of the conference, Magistrate Judge Whitworth ordered
GPT to submit to the Court for in camera review the documents specifically identified on the
record at the May 16, 2017 conference. A second conference was held before Magistrate Judge
Whitworth on August 8, 2017. In the interim, this case was transferred to the undersigned
District Judge.
Based on the Court’s review of the documents submitted for in camera review and
consideration of the arguments the parties made both at the two conferences and in their court
filings, the Court finds that the subpoena issued to third-party GPT is proper. By asserting an
advice of counsel defense to IM Boone, LLC’s fraudulent transfer claims, Defendants implicitly
waived the attorney-client privilege as to the information/documents provided for in camera
review.1 See United States v. Workman, 138 F.3d 1261, 1263-64 (8th Cir. 1998) (holding that
1
The Court notes that the waiver of the attorney-client privilege at issue here was not
compromised by the actions of GPT. GPT properly asserted the privilege on behalf of their
clients, the Adams.
raising attorney advice as a defense may implicitly waive attorney-client privilege). Defendants
cannot assert attorney-client privilege selectively, raising it to prevent introduction of
information that may be harmful to their defense while simultaneously relying on aspects of their
conversation with their counsel where it serves their interests. While defense counsel Miller
advised the Court at the conferences that Defendants have not explicitly asserted advice of
counsel as an affirmative defense, Defendants’ Response to Plaintiff’s First Request for
Production of Documents and Reply in Support of their Motion to Dismiss shows otherwise.
Defendants state within these documents that they transferred the properties at issue for estate
planning purposes and on the advice or recommendation of counsel. Defendants cannot assert
that their actions were not fraudulent because they were taken upon the advice of counsel and at
the same time contend that IM Boone, LLC is not entitled to discovery as to the counsel’s
advice. The attorney client privilege cannot be used as both a shield and a sword.
Additionally, the Court notes that it is likely that the crime-fraud exception would apply
to the privileged documents that were submitted for in camera review. Although the Court has
limited information concerning the facts at this early stage of the proceedings, plaintiff’s
allegations and the facts asserted thus far could support a reasonable inference that Defendants’
engagement of GPT crossed the line from legitimate estate planning to conduct in furtherance of
a fraudulent scheme.2 See Pritchard-Keang Nam Corp. v. Jaworski, 751 F.2d 277 (8th Cir.
1984) (applying Missouri law to determine application of the crime-fraud exception to the
attorney-client privilege). The change in the Adams’ estate planning—that is, the transfer of
assets from a revocable trust into an irrevocable trust—in close proximity to defaults that led to
the subsequent foreclosure on a 1.4 million dollar loan that the Adams personally guaranteed,
2
The Court notes that it has neither information nor belief that GPT was involved in the alleged
fraud of which Defendants are here accused.
permits a reasonable inference that the creation of and transfer of assets into the irrevocable trust
may have been fraudulent. A finding that the prima facie threshold for application of the crimefraud exception has been met is not a determination on the merits of the claims in the case.
Based on the foregoing, the Court denies the motion to quash the subpoena issued by
plaintiff IM Boone, LLC to GPT. The Court orders GPT to provide the documents requested in
the subpoena (which were provided to the Court in camera) to Plaintiff’s counsel.
The Court notes that the ruling on the motion to quash subpoena is only a threshold
determination that the documents in question are discoverable. Discoverability of documents is
not an indication that the documents would be admissible at trial.
The parties may file
appropriate motions in limine prior to trial.
The Court will allow defense counsel or GPT to move for a protective order, if they deem
it necessary, within ten days of this order. If the need for a protective order is anticipated, the
information or documents requested in the subpoena need not be provided until after the Court
has ruled on the motion for the protective order.
The Court therefore DENIES the motion to quash filed by GPT and ORDERS GPT to
provide to Plaintiff’s counsel the documents and information requested in the subpoena within
five days of this order or, if a motion for a protective order is to be filed, within five days of the
Court’s entry of an order concerning the motion for a protective order.
s/ Nanette K. Laughrey
NANETTE K. LAUGHREY
United States District Judge
Dated: October 3, 2017
Jefferson City, Missouri
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