Balestra v. Balestra-Leigh et al

Filing 24

ORDER. IT IS ORDERED, Petitioner's 7 Motion to Remand is GRANTED. FURTHER ORDERED, this action is REMANDED to the Second Judicial District Court of the State of Nevada. FURTHER ORDERED, Respondents' 14 Motion to Dismiss is DENIED as MOOT.Case terminated. (Clerk sent certified copy of this order and docket sheet to Second Judicial District Court on 7/16/2010.) Signed by Judge Robert C. Jones on 7/15/2010. (Copies have been distributed pursuant to the NEF - KO)

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UN I E D STATES DI TR I T C O U R T T S C D I T R I T O F N EVA D A SC

9 JESSI A K.BALESTRA, C

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3:9- V- 0563- CJ-RAM) OC O R(

1 v. 0 1 1
1 4 l5
16 17

Ptoe, etnr i i

) o on nE )
l

1 DEBRA M .BALESTRA- E I H ,l di i ual 2 L G n vd l y ofSt phen e

1 Bal?r rJr,& STEPHEN M.BALESTRA, ) 3 e ta . idilual , n vd l y )

ad s xct ot Ete n aeeu rfh st o ea
.

Rsodn. epnet s

j )

Peti ner Jessia K.Balsta,(pettoner) fld t e pr sentacin i a Nevada io t c e r ' ii ', i h e 'e to n
pr bat pr ceedi g seeki g a decl r ton of her st t s as a pr t r i ed spouse and her oeo n n aai au ee m t t rght t her i t s at shar i t e est t of her I t - usband. Res ondent Debr M . i so ne t e enh ae ae h p s a
Doc. 24

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Balestra v. Balestra-Leigh et al

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Balsta- ei handSt phenM.Balsr ,(Respondent ',r movedt eactont t i Cour. erLg e e ta ' ' s) e h i o hs t Pr s ntybef r t eCour ar PettonersMotont Remand(/ )andRespondent'Moton e e l oe h t e ii ' i o /7 si

23
24 25

t Dimis ( 1 ) Boh mot nsh v be nf l br f d ( 9, 1, 6,1 ) Th Coud h l a o s s / 4. t / i a e e ul i e # 1 1 7 . e o ye ed
hearng on A prl23, 2010. The Cour now i sues t e f l w i g or er I I HEREBY i i t s h ol n o d .TS

ORDERED t atPettonersMoton t Remand ( 7)i GRANTED and Respondent ' in h ii ' i o #s s Moto

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27

t Dimis( 1 )i DENI D a MOOT. o s s #4 s Es
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// /

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Dockets.Justia.com

1

1 BACKGROUND .

2

Tesat rSt phen Balsta,Jr,(-esat r',execut d hi wilon December8,2003. to e e r . 'r t o ' I ) e sl

3 Hi w il s lappoi t d hi daught r Debr Bal s r -- i h as per onal epr s nt tve ofhi e t t , ne s e, a e t a le g s r e e ai s sa e 4 and,aferaut orzi g paym entofcr dior and t xes,devi ed hi entr r si ualest t i t h in e ts a s s ie e d ae n

5 equalshar st hi chidr n,Res ondens.( as W i and Test mentofSt phen Balsta, e o s le p t Lt l l a e er
6 atached t Petf rRemoval(/ ). t o .o /1 )
7 l 2005,Test t r m ar i d Pettoner afer t ey ex cut d a pr nuptal agr em ent n ao re ii th ee e i e . 8 Test t r di d t st t i 2009 wihout executng a pos - art lw i or codi i. Tes at r i ao e e a e n t i tm i al l cl to s 9 sur i ed by hi w i ow ,Pettoner hi daught rDebr Bal sta-- i h,and hi son St phen vv sd ii , s e a e r le g s e
1 M .Bal sta. 0 er

11

On June 3,2009,a pr bat pr ceedi g was i ii t d i t e Sec nd Judi i lDitit oeo n n ta e n h o ca s rc

1 Cour of t e St t of N evada t pr bat Test t rs w i . The coud accep ed t e w i i t 2 th ae ooe ao ' l l th l no l 1 pr bat . O n June 24,2009, si a Bal sta s bm i ed a cl i f rheri t st t shar oft e 3 oe Jes c eru t t am o ne a e eh

1 esat asapr t r iedspouse.Debr Balsta- ei h, per onalr pr sent tve,rj ced 4 te ee m t t a e r L g as s e e a i ee t 1 t ecli onJul 9, 5 h am y 2009and pr viedasecondnotceofrj cinoft ecli onAugus 13, od i ee to h am t
16 2009.

1 7

O n Augus 31,2009,Jessi a Bal sta fl d a petton t r voke t e t s at rs wil ih t c e r ie ii o e h e t o ' lw t

l r spec t her as a pr t r i ed sur i i g spouse, She seeks a decl r ton t att e w i i 8e to eem t t vv n a ai h h ls l 1 r voked as t herand t atshe i entted t heri t st t shar ofone-hid oft e est t . O n 9e o h s il o ne a e e tr h ae

20 Sept m ber25, e 2009,Respondent r m oved Pettoners petton t t i Cour. se ii ' ii o h s t
21

2 2

I. LEGAU STANDARD I

23

'fatanytmebef r fnaludgmentt I i oe i j iappear t att edititc ur Ick subectmater s h h s rc o ta s j t

2 jrsditon,hecaseshalbe r manded. 28 U. . . 1 47( ) Removal t t t sar srcty 4 u i ci t le ' S C j 4 c. sa ue e ti l 25 c nstued agaistr movaljrsditon. Gaus v.Mi s,98O F.d 564,566 ( t Ci.1992) or ne u i ci l e 2 9h r .

2 dFe e alur dci nmu t er jcedit e ei an dou t st t erg t f emo alntef s 6 ' d r j i it l s o s b ee t fh r s y b a o h ih o r v i h i t r 2 isan e.' / .( u t g Lih r S Sa f Mo ia Dai Co ,5 2 F.d 1 6 , 1 64 (t 7 n t c ' d q o i b a t / n a nc ' n . r . 9 2 0 2 0 9h y
28 Ci, r1979). The def ndantal ays hast e bur en ofesabl hig t atr mov li pr per ) e w h d t in h e aso . s
2

1 Gatse,98O F. d at 566. see N ew m ar & Lewi , I c. v Local 81 , I t Br t er ood of / 2 , k sn . 4 n ' oh h l

2 T am se s 77 F. p.1 2,1 5 ( . . . . 9 1 (Ona mo in t r man pu s an t 28 e tr , 6 Sup 0 0 E D N Y 1 9 ) ' ' t o e d r u to o 3 U. . .j 1 47( ) 'he bur enf l s uar l upont e r movig padyt esabl h isrghtt SC 4 c ,t d al q ey s he n o t i ti o s 4 af de a f r m b 'omp t n pr o .'q o ig R. . r Co p.7 Mu hr o Ma e s /c , e r lo u y c e e t o f'( u tn G 8ary r . s o m k r , l . ' 1
5 612 F.d651,655 ( d Ci.1979)) 2 2r ).
6

7

11 ANAuYsl 1. s

8

A.

Pett oners act on i a decl r t r acto n under Nevada Revi ed ii ' is a ao y i s

9
1 0

St t t sj 30. 60. a ue 0
The pari s di agr e overexac l w her Pettoners petton ft i t Nevada' pr bat te s e ty e ii ' ii is n o so e

l1 and est t adm i i taton pr cedur . Pettonerfr tchar ct rzed hercl i as a cr diors ae ns r i o e ii is a ei am et'

1 cli underNevadaReviedSt tt sj147.40.( eeCli of siaK, esta, t ched 2 am s aue 0S am Jes c Bal r ata 1 t Pet f rRemoval( 1) Afert e peronalr pr sent tve rjct d herj 147.40 cli , 3 o .o #) t h s e e a i ee e 0 am 1 Pettonertidagai, act rzig hercli asawi c nt s underj 1 7.80,( et' Mot 4 ii re n char e i n am l o et l 30 P, s. 1 t Remand (/ )320-24) Fi al ,Pettonernow char ct rzes hercli as ' gener l 5o /7 2 . nl y ii a ei am ' a a 1 pr bat pettont esabl h herheishi. ( et' Opp' ( 16)5:8-1 ) 6 o e ii o t i s r p' P . s n# 1 9. 1 7 Pettoners acton i nota cr diors cli under j 1 7.40. A cr diors cli ii ' i s e t ' am 40 e t ' am
1 di i i hes t e est t . BelBr nd Ranc es,I c.1 Fist at Bank ofNet , 8 m ns h ae la h n / rN ' . l t 531 P. d 471, 2 473

1 ( ev.1975) The peronalr pr s nt tv ofte est t paysof te cr dior o te esat 9N . s e e e a ie h a e fh e t s f h t e
20 pror t di ti utng t e es at t t e devi ees and heis. See Nev. Rev. St t i o s rb i h te o h s r a,

21 jj 1 7, 10 147. 30.Pettonerseek a decar t r j dgmentt atte wili r vok d ast 40- 2 ii s l ao y u h h ls e e o 2 herasaprt r itdspous andt atshei enttedt herit sat shar oft eest t .( et 2 e e m te e h s il o ne t e e h a e P . 2 f r v c t n, ta he t Pe .orRemo al#1 ) Sh d e n t ee t e t bihacai a 3 o Re o a i at c d o tf o v ( ). e o s o s k o sa l s lm s
2 a cr dior buti st ad herrght o di ti u i n ofheri t st t shar oft e es at , hi h oc ur 4 e t, ne i t s rb to ne ae eh t ew c c s
25 afer t e per onal r pr sent tve setl s cr dior cl i s, t h s ee ai te et am See Nev. Rev. St t a.

2 j 1 10 0 1 1.1 . 6 j 5 .8 - 5 1 O
27 Pet i ners acton i nota w i c nt s . A w il io ' t is lo et l l cont s chal nges t e pr bat ofa w il et l e hoe l

28 on specii gr unds. I a wi cont st a cont s antmay chal nge t e pr bat of a wi fc o n l l e, et l e h oe l l
3

1 bec use t e wil a h lwas nDtdul execut d,orbecaus t e t s at rwas notofsound mi d,or y e e h eto n 2 under dur ss,menace, undue i fuenc ,or faudul nt r pr sent ton, Nev. Rev.St t e nl e r e ee ai a.

3 j 1 7.6 . Petine d e n t ean o t e eal ga insor al ng t epr b t o t e 3 00 io r o s o mak y f h s l to t e ch l e h o a e f h e 4 wi. Though t e pr t r it d s ouse st tt ,5 1 3. 1O,r vok s t e wi as t t e l l h ee m te p au e 31 eeh l l oh
5 pr t r it d spouse, i does not i valdat t e wilor r vok i f om pr bat . See I r e e m te t n i eh l e e tr oe ne

6 MarigeofDuke,549N. .d1096,11O1(nd.CtApp. ra E2 I . 1990)('hepr t r isinstt t di ' T ee m s o a ue d
7 notseek t voi t e w i ;r t er i had onl t e e#ectofr m ovi g t e hei' i t st t shar o dh l a h ,t l yh e nh rs n e a e e

8 fom t e tst t pr pedyi t e est t ,Iavig t ewi oper tvei aIot err spect.) r h e ae o n h ae e n h l l ai n I h e s'. ' 9 Pettonersactoni f radeclr tonofrght underj30.60.Secton30,60 sat s: ii ' i s o a ai is 0 i 0 te 1 0 1. Aqy per on i t r j ed as ort r ugh an execut q ddm i itat r tust e s ne e t ho o l nsr q , r e 9 adlnor te f u lr, rdi rd vie ,eg te, el, e t fknor e ti u r a oh r i gay ce t , e s e I ae h rn x o I c su d o ll 9ue tus ,i t e adml itaton ofa tus ,oroft e est t of a dec dent qn rtnh ns r i rt h ae e ,
12

l f nt l natc ori sol en , ay have a decl r ton ofrght orl gal el tons I n a ,u i n v tm aai i s e r ai n r spectt er t : e h eo

l 3 1 4 1 5
1 6
1 7

( )Toascerai anycls ofcedior , sees,egat es, r , tofkn a tn a s r t s devi I e heis nex i orot er ; hj ( )To dlectt e ex cut r ,admiitat r ortuseest do orabsai fom b r h e os gsr o s r t o tnr doi g any pariul racti t ei fdqci r c paciy;gr n ta c n h r l ay a t ()To det r ie anyqueston arslg i t eadmlltatonoft e est t or c em n i in n h nsr i h ae tust i gl di g questons ofcons r c i n ofwil tust and ot erwrtngs. r ,n u n i tu to lrs s h ii 2. Any qcton f rdecl r t r r l fundert i s c i n % ay onl be made i a lo a ao y ei e h s e to y n
pr ceedl g com m enced pur uantt t e pr vi i ns oftte 12 or 13 ofNR S as o n s o h o so ll appr prat . o ie

18 I 9 20 21
22

Nev.Rev.St t j 30.60.Til 12gover swil and esat s. a. 0 te nl s te B. Thi Coud has no j rsditon overPettoners acton because i f ls s u i ci ii ' i t al w ihi t e pr bat excepton t f der ldier iyj rsditon. tnh o e i o e a v st u i c i Undert epr bat ex eptont f der l ver i j rsditon,hefder l t maynot h o e c i o e a di st u i ci t e a cours y exer iej rsditonovercerai pr bat mater.Iaplitfseek aj dgment ofest t cs u i c i t n o e t s f a nif s u out ae pr pery,t e pr bat excepton appl s t barf der lj rsditon. But i he seek onl oth oe i io e e a u i ci ,f sy
gener f n per onam dam ages agai st r pr sent tve ofan est t ora t id- ary st m m i g ai s n ae e ai ae hr p t e n f om t st m ent r orpr bat m ater ,t e pr bat excepton does notappl . See Lef ow iz r ea ay oe tsh oe i y kt

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24 25 26 27 28

v Ba k o New Yo k 52 F,d 1 2,1 7 0 ( d Ci, 007 . eeas J ne 1 Br n an, 65 'nf . r , 8 3 0 0 - 8 2 r 2 ) s lo o s . e n 4 , F,d304,307-08( t Ci.2006)( oligt atacli f rbr achoffducir dut agais t e 3 7h r h dn h am o e i ay y n th adm iitat rofanest t i notsubjc t t epr bat exceptonl Vander ur k Vander ur , ns r o ae s e to h o e i; b g' . bg
4

1 No. O - V- 48, 07W L 1 42 91 a * ( . . x. y 1 2 0 )( c epig ma itae' 7:7 C O 20 3 0 , t 1 N D Te Ma , 0 7 a c tn gs r t s 2 r com mendatont at r movedactont det r ieheishi i wihi t epr bat excepton) e i h ae i o em n r ps t n h o e i.
3 I Lef ow iz v.Bank ofNew Yor ,t e pl i tf fl d a di er iy ac i n i t e Sout er nkt k h a n if i e v s t to n h hn 4 Di t i t of New Yor agai st t e execut r of her par nt 'est t f r i t r ala,r f salt s rc k nh o es ae o ,ne i eu o 5 di t i ut t pl i tf cedai pr pery i her par nts es at , 528 F. d at 1 4 . The pl i tf s rb e o a n if n o tn e ' te 3 0 a n if
6 aleged cl i s f r br ach of fduci r dut , ai i g and abeti g br ach of fduci r dut , l am o e i ay y dn tn e i ay y

7 c nver in,r udulnt ir prsent ton,r udulntc nceal entandunust ihment I . o so fa e m s e e ai fa e o m, j enrc .d
8 She s ught paym ent ormoni s ow ed, o f e specii peror ance, fc f m decl r t r r l fc nfr i g her a a o y e i o im n e 9 enttem entt es at as et ,and com pensat r ,punii e,and st t t r dam ages. / . The il o te s s oy t v auoy J

1 dititcour dimis d te cas f rlck ofsubec- aterj rsditon undert e pr bat 0 src t s se h eo a j tm t u i ci h oe
1 excepton and pl i tf appeal d. I . at 105. The Second Cicui hel t at i l ck d 1 i a n if e d r t d h ta e

1 j rsditon, under t e pr bat excepton, t ent rai t e plitf' cl i s seekig 2 u i ci h oe io e t n h an i s am f n
1 di gor em entoff nds undert e contol a pr bat c ur and a det r i aton ofherrght 3sg u h r of o e o t em n i is

1 t paymentoutoft e esat . / .at107. However t e c ur hel t atf der lurs iton 4o h te d , h o t d h e a j id ci
1 exi t d overi per onam cl i s agai st he execut rof he est t f rbr ach of i uci r dut , 5 se ns am nt ot ae o e fd a y y

1 faudul ntmi r pr sen aton,and faudul ntconceal ent I .at107-08, 6r e se e t i r e m .d
1 7 Furher or , t m e Nevada has m ade cl aris i t n t keep c ai s agai stan est t i t e e t ne to lm n ae n h

1 pr bat c ud. The Nevada Supr me Cour has hel t atj dii lr viw ofa peronal 8 o eo e t d h u ca e e s 1 r pr senttve' rj cin o a cr diorscli I s exclsiel i te Nevada dititcour 9 e e ai s ee to f e t ' am i e u v ynh src t

2 a miit rn t e e t t . Be g r n k Lo b 67 P.d 397 3 9 ( ev 1 8 ) Th Ne a a 0 d nse ig h sa e r e o t e , 5 2 , 9 N . 94. e vd
21 I gi l t r r c nty r s rc ed actons f r a decl r ton of heishi t cours conductng e s a u e e e l e tit i o aai r po t i 22 pr bat , t t adm i i taton, o e es a e n s r i and ot erI i d pr ceedi gs. Ac ofM ay 29,2009, 358, h it me o n t ch.

2 20 9 Ne .St t s c 31, 3 .6 . l i cea t a Ne a a h sa sr n it r s i giig i 3 0 v a . e . 5 00 0 ts l r h t v d a to g ne e t n vn t s
24 dititcours sitng i pr bat excl sie managementoft e pr bat and admi i taton of s rc t ti n o e uv h oe nsr i
25 es at s,up t and i cl di g di t i uton. te o n u n s rb i

26

Pettonerseek a decl r ton t atshe i entted t heri t s at shar i Tes at rs ii s aai h s il o ne t e en t o'

27 est t .Sheseek ajdgmentou ofteesat ,r t ertanani per onam jdgment nst ae su t h t e ah h ns u agai
28 t e adm i i t at r a benefci r ,ora t id pary. The det r i aton ofheishi and rgh s i h nsr o , i ay hr t emn i rp itn
5

l di t i uton ofan est t i cl ary att e cor oft e pr bat cour' f nctons. Fort i Cour s rb i ae s e l h ehoe tui s hs t 2 t decl r such rght woul undul i t rer w ih t e pr bat pr ceedi gs. Ther f r ,her o ae is d y ne f e t h o e o n eo e

3 acton f l wihi t e pr bat exc pton and t e Cour may notex r ie subj ctmater i al t n h o e e i s h t e cs e- t 4 j rsditon overi. u i ci t
5 Respondent ar ue t at Pet i ners acton i not w ihi t e pr bat ex epton as sg h io ' t is tnh oeci 6 ari ul t d by t e Supr m e Cour . The Supr m e Cour has defned t e pr bat exc pton t tc a e h e t e t i h o e ei o

7 f der ldieriyj rs iton narowl. e a v st u id ci ry 8 ( )e pr bat ex jpton r ser es t sqt pr bat cour: t e pr bpt or Th o e c i e v o t e o e th oe annul ent of a wlland t e admi itaton qf a decedents est t ' I alo m l h ns q l ' a e, t s 9 pr cl des f der lcoursfom endeavorn; t dl pose ofpr pedy t ati i t e eu ea tr los o h snh c s ody of a s at pr bat cour. But I does not barf der lc urs fom ut te o j t t e a qtr 1 0 jdjdiatng mater outle t ose c nfnes and ot er ie wihl f der l uci t s sd h oi h ws t n e a
J rsdi ton. u i ci
11

Mar hale. s al, U. . 311-12( 006) I addiint barigf der l t fom s l Marh l547 S 293, 2 .n to o rn e a cours r
1 2

engagi g i pr bat orannul entof a w i and t e adm i i taton of an est t ,t e pr bat nnoe m l l h ns r i ae h o e
13

excepton i cor or t s t e doc rne ofc s odi I gi , 'he gener lprnci l t at w hen one i n p ae h ti ut ae s t a i pe h ,
1 4
15

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17

cour i exer iig i r m j rsditon overa r s,a sec nd c ur wilnotassume i r m ts csn n e u i ci e o otl ne j rs iton overt e same r s. I.at311.Thi prncil i narow. The docrne ' as no u id ci h e'd ' s i pe s r ti ' h
applcaton t a case i a f der lcoud based upon di er iy ofcii enshi ,w her i t e ii o nea v st tz p en h

18
l9

plitfseeksmer l anadudiatonofhi rghtorhi it r stasabasi ofa cli agaist a nif ey j ci si s ne e s am n
a f nd i t e possess on ofa s at cour ... ' Prncess Li a B Thom pson.305 U . . u nh i te t.i ' d. S 456, 466

20
21

( 939) 1.
A c or i g t t e Supr m e Coud, pie t e pr bat exc pton, c dn o h e des t h o e ei

22

deder l f a coudsofqquiyhavej rs itont ent rai suis$nf v rgfcr di r , t u id ci o e t n t i a o e ts o I gjt eqandheis' ot ercl i ant agai st decgdentses at ' est blsh ee r and h a m s na ' t et a i o
.

t el cl l s'so l ng as t e f der lcour does not I t r er w ih t e pr bat h r am o he a t ne f e t h oe pr pery I t e cus ody oft e s at cour . o t nh t h te t' '

2 3
24 25

p oc e igs ora s me ge e al u idit n o te p ob t orc ntolo t e r e dq su n r j rs ci f h r a e o o r fh I . t31 ( uo ig Ma k a t Al n, 6 U. . , 4 ( 9 6) da 0 q t n r h m t l 32 S 490 49 1 4 . e 'W ) ie af der lcoud may notex r ie i jrsditon t dit r orafec t e ( hI e a e cs t u i ci o su b s f th
goj çs i n ofpg prry i t e qus ody ofa st t cour,..vi m ay ex r ie is s go o t nh t ae t t e cs t
by t e f der lcour. he a t' '

26

2 7
28

jr underateaojntcfeeihh t e uatpcour! wh r tenia jdgme tdent uldlt nk t qdertrrw isl s c er p r possessi fsave t t e exte s clt o d l la g t n sth o ety ee ho n lu o h n o s o th not e s
t a t esa ec ur i b un b tejdgme tt r c gnz t e r h a jdiat d h t h t t o ts o d y h u n o e o ie h i t du c e g
6

l Marha/,547 U. .at31 ( uotng Mar ham ,326 U. .at494).see alo F. C.v.J. . s/ S 0q i k S ) , s T. K 2 Publ s,I c. No.CV 99- 0044, ' n, n 0 2009 U. .Dit LEXI 36885,at* -1 ( . .CalAprl1 , S s. S 8 0 CD . i3

3 20 9)(E ) e er l our pr p r adu ia e r h sr ga dig p op dytatst es be to 0 'A f d a c t o e l j dc t s i t e r n r e h i h u j c f ' y g
4 a pr bat pr ceedi g so I ng as t e f der l o eo n o h e a cour does notor ert e tans erofany pr pery t d hrf ot

5 belngigt t e pr bat estt .) o n o h o e a e '.
6 Appl i g t e Supr m e Cour' ari ul ton of t e pr bat excepton, t e C our yn h e ts tc a i h oe i h t

7 c ncl des t att e pr bat excepton m ustcovert e c se atbar I t e Cour w er t ent r ou hh oe i ha .fh t eo e

8 jdgmentf rPettonerdeclrngt atshei a pr t r it dspousewihrght t herit stt u oi i ai h s ee m te t i so ne ae
9 shar of t e est t , t e Cour w oul diecty i t rer w ih t e pr bat pr c edi gs by e h ae h t d r l ne f e t h o e oe n 1 dec arng t e di ti uton of he es at am ongst r , opposed t t r orc ntac cl i ant . 0 l i h s rb i t te heis as o o t o r t am s
l1 The est t pr pery w oul not r m ai i t e excl si e contolof t e pr bat coud,w hi h ae o t d e nnh uv r h oe c

1 w oul be expr ct d t hon rt i Cour ' uli at det r i aton ofi hert nce rght . 2 d ee o o hs ts tm e e m n i n ia is
1 3 I M ar hal,t e t st t rcr at d a Ivi g tustand a pour overwilbenefti g hi son. n s l h e ao e e in r l itn s

1 547 U . .at300. The t st t rI f not i g f rt e beneftofhi sur i i g spouse,who he had 4 S e a o et hn o h i s vvn

1 I vi hed gi s on durng hi I e. / . W hie t e t st t rs es at was bei g adm i i t r d i a 5 as f t i si d f l h e ao ' t e n nse e n 1 pr bat cour i Tex s,t e sur i i g spouse fl d f r bankr pt y i t e CentalDi ti t of 6 oe tn ah vv n ie o u c nh r s rc 1 Cal or i . / . The son fl d a pr ofofcl i i t e bankr pt y pr c edi g alegi g t att e 7 i na d f i e o am n h u c oe n l n h h 1 sur i i g spouse had def m ed hi when herI w yer t l t e pr ss t athe had ' ngaged i 8 vv n a m a s od h e h e n 1 f r er ,f aud,and overeachi g t gai c ntolofhi f t ers as et . / . The sur i i g 9 og y r r no nor s a h ' s s' d ' vvn 20 spouse t en ass red count r l i s,i cl di g a cl i t att e s n had t ri usl i t rer d h et e cam n u n am h h o o to y n e f e 21 wih herexpect d t st m ent r git i prsoni g t e t st t r pr ventng her r m cont c i g t e ea a y f by m i n h e a o , e i fo a tn 22 hi ,m aki g m i r pr sent tons t hi ,and tans er i g t e t st t rs pr pery agai s hi m n se e ai om r f rn h e a o ' o t nt s

23 wihes.I . 301.Thebankuptycoudgr nedsummar jdgmenti f v r t esur iig s d at rc at yu n a o of h vvn 24 spouse on t e son' cli and ent r d jdgmentf rt e sur iig spouse on hert rius h s am ee u oh vvn ot o
25 i t der nce count r l i afer a t i l t e m ert , I . ne e e ca m t ra on h is d

26

The son fld a pos-ralmoton t dimis f rIck ofsubec- aterj rs iton, ie tti i o ssoa j tm t u id ci

27 ar ui g t att e t d i us i t rer nce count r l i coul onl be t i d by t e Texas pr bat g n h h o o nef e e ca m dy re h oe 28 cour . I . The bankr p c c ur deni d t e m oton,hol i g t att e ar um entw as wai ed td u ty o t eh i dn h h g v
7

1 becauseiwasnottmel asseded.I .at301 02.Folowig aj r tilt eTexas pr bat t iy d l n u y ra ,h oe
2 c ud decl r d t e t s at rs Ivig tus and wil i . / .at302. o ae h e t o ' i n r t lval d d

3

Thesonappealdt ebankr pc c ur'j dgmen t t edititcoud.I .Theditit eh u ty o ts u t o h src d s rc

4 cour hel t att ej rsditonalar umentwas notwaied,butt atte t rius it /er nc t d h h ui ci g v h h o t ne e e o
5 c unt r l i w as notwihi t e pr bat excep i n. I . The di t i tcour t en conduct d an o e ca m tnh o e to d s rc th e
6 i dependentr vi w and hel t att e son had t r i usl i t rer d w ih t e sul i i g spouse' n ee dh h o to y n e f e th - vn v s

7 expect ncy. / .at303-04. O n appeal t e Ni t C icui r ver ed,hol i g t att e pr bat a d ,h nh r te s dn h h o e 8 excepton ext nds t cl i s t at r i e ques i ns w hi h w oul or i arl be deci ed by a i e o a m h as to c d d n iy d 9 pr bat c ur. I . at 304. The Ni t C icui al o hel t at t e f der l c ur' l ck d o eot d nh r t s d h h e a o ts a e

1 j rsditonovert ec unt r l i bec useTexashadvest d ex lsiej rsditonoversuch 0 ui ci h o e cam a e cu v u i c i 11 cli swihi pr bat couds,diestngj rsditonfom iscoursofgener lursditon, am t t o e s v i u i ci r t t a j i ci and l becauset eTexaspr bat cour had r ld tati hadexclsiej rs iton.I .at304-05. 2 h oe t ue h t u v u id ci d
1 3 O n r vi w , he Supr m e Cour onl hel t att e pr bat ex epton di notbarf der l ee t e t y dh h o e c i d ea

1 j rsditonov radiihert dsul iigspouse' cli agais t euli at benefcir ofher 4 u i ci e sn ie - vn v s am n t h tm e iay
1 husband' est t f r ori us i t der nce wih herexpec ed gi . I . 300-01,The sur i i g 5 s a e o t to n e e t t f d at t vv n

1 spous sough onl an i per onam j dgmentagais t eson./ ,at31 .Shedi notseek 6 e tyns u n th d 2 d
1 t annult e w i gener l oras t any specii shar ,r voke pr bat ,or r ach a r s i t e 7o h l l al y o fc ee oe e e nh 1 st t cour' cus ody. I . I poranty,t e sur i i g s ouse w as notsui g t e est t . The 8 ae t s t dm tlh vv n p nh ae
1 acton i M ar hal w as f rr m oved f om t e pr bat ofa w iloradm i i taton ofan est t . 9 in sl ae r h oe l n sr i ae

2 The i per onam cl i agai s t e benefci r - on was cl ary out i e t e pr bat excepton. 0 ns am n th i a ys el sd h o e i

21 The isueofadeclr t r jdgmentast apary' uli at rght i ditiutonoft eest t s a aoy u o t s tm e i s n s rb i h ae
22 w as notbef r t e Supr m e Cour. oe h e t 23 l M ar ham ,t e t st t rs est t was bei g adm i i t r d i a Cal or i c ur, 326 n k h e ao' ae n nse e n i na o t f

2 U . . 492, Si Am erc n heis at l w pettoned t e Cal or i cour t decl r t e G er an 4 S at x ia r - -a i i h i na f to aeh m 25 l gat es i el i l as benefci res. I . W hi t e petton w as pendi g,t e Alen Pr pery e e n i be g iai d lh e ii nh i ot 2 Cust di n i sued an or er vestng hi s l w ih t e i t r st of G er an I gat es i t e 6 oa s d i m ef t h ne e s m e e nh

27 t s at rs est t .I .TheAl n Pr pedyCus odi n t en br ughtsuii a f der l sti tc ur e t o' ae d i eo tah o t n e a di rc o t
28 agai s t e si Am ercan cl i ant and t e execut r seeki g a decl r ton t at t e si nth x i am s h o, n a ai h h x
8

1 cl i ant have no i t r st i t e es at and t att e exec t r shoul di t i ut t e entr am s nee n h te hh uo d s rb e h ie 2 es at t t e Al n Pr pedy Cus odi n afert e fnalac oun i g. I .at492-93, The di ti t t eoh i e o ta thi c tn d s rc

3 c ur gr nt djdgmentf rt eAl n Pr pery Cust din. I .at493.On appealt e Nit otae u oh i e ot oa d ,h nh 4 Cicuir ver edandor er dt ecasedim ised, digt athedititc ud Ic edsubecr te s de h s s hol n h t src o a k jt 5 materj rsditonundert epr bat excepton.I .On rviw,he Supr meCoudhel t at t u i ci hoe id ee t e dh
6 t e acton w as notwihi t e pr bat excepton because t e Alen Pr pedy Cust di n onl h i tnh oe i h i o oa y

7 sought an or er t at he w as entted t t e netes at at di t i uton t atwoul I ave t e dh i l oh te s rb i h de h
8 est t i t e hands oft e Calf r i cour durng adm i i taton, I .at495. ae n h h io n a ti ns r i d

9

Though M ar ham m ay appeart hol t atan ac i n f ra decl r ton ofa pary' rght k o dh to o aai tsi s

1 att e di t i uton ofan es at i not ihi t e pr bat ex epton,ti di tngui habl fom t e 0 h s rb i t e s w t n h o e c i i s si s er h

1l c seathand.Marham dealwihf der lursditonundert eTr digW ihTheEnemyAct a k t t e a j i ci h an t 1 of191 ,50 U. . .app.j 1 efseq. whih speciial conf r j rsditon t f der lditit 2 7 SC ,c fc l y e s u i ci o e a src 1 c urs'ndependentyoft esat t sgover iggener lurs itonoft ef der l t . I . 3 o ti l h t ue nn a j id ci h e a cours' d 1 at495-96.Thi case,however i pl at sonl gener ldieriyjrsditon.Though t e 4 s ,m i e c y a v st u i ci h
1 pr bat exc pton m ay be ver nar ow i c ses w her Congr s has specii aly gr n ed 5 oe ei y r na e es fc l a t

1 f der lursditon,ir maisbr ad i gener l ver i c ses. 6 e a j i ci t e n o n a di st a y
1 7 I . CONCLUSI N V O

1 8
1 9

Ac or igy I I ORDERED t a Peiin rsMot n t Reman ( 7)i GRANTED. c d n l,T S h t t o e' i o t o d# s
I I FURTH ER O R D E R E D t att i acton i REM A N D ED t t e Sec nd Judi i l TS h hs i s oh o ca

2 Di t i tCoud oft e St t ofNevada. 0 s rc h ae

21
2 3
24 25 26

I I FURTHER ORDERED tatRespondent'Motont Dimis( 14)i DENI D as TS h s i o ss# s E
DATED:Thi 15t day ofJul ,2010, sh y

2 M O O T. 2

27
28

' O er u on . t U N I E D YTA S DI T R I T JUDG E T SC

9