Sanderson v. Desert Hills of New Mexico et al
Filing
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ORDER by District Judge Judith C. Herrera granting 21 Plaintiff's Motion for Leave to Amend Her Complaint. Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint is to be filed on the docket within 5 working days of the entry of this Order. (baw)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF NEW MEXICO
SHERRIE SANDERSON,
Plaintiff,
v.
No. 15 CV 849 JCH/LAM
DESERT HILLS OF NEW MEXICO, et al.,
Defendant.
ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO AMEND COMPLAINT
THIS MATTER comes before the Court on Plaintiff’s Motion for Leave to Amend Her
Complaint. [Doc. 21] Plaintiff seeks to replace misidentified defendants Maria Santillanes and John
Doe with the correct names—Maria Salinas and Michael Girlamo, respectively. She also seeks to
add a claim of race discrimination under 42 U.S.C. Section 1981. Defendant Desert Hills opposes
the motion. Having reviewed the motions, briefing, and relevant law, the Court concludes that
Plaintiff’s motion will be granted.
I.
BACKGROUND
Plaintiff was employed by Defendant Desert Hills of New Mexico (Desert Hills) from
October 8, 2012 until her termination on March 19, 2013. [Doc. 1, p. 2] Plaintiff alleges that
during her time as a Desert Hills employee she suffered race-based harassment and
discrimination. She also alleges that she experienced retaliation by her supervisors after reporting
the mistreatment. [Id.] After her termination, Plaintiff filed her claim of discrimination with the
EEOC, which denied relief, thereby authorizing Plaintiff to file suit in federal district court. [Id.]
On September 23, 2015, Plaintiff filed a complaint alleging discrimination under Title
VII and NMSA 1978, Section 28-1-7, naming Desert Hills, Acadia Healthcare, Inc., Maria
Santillanes, and John Doe as Defendants. [Doc. 1] Defendant Acadia Healthcare was voluntarily
dismissed from the lawsuit by Plaintiff. [Doc. 13] Desert Hills filed an answer on January 25,
2016, indicating that it was “not aware of an individual named ‘Maria Santillanes’” and denying
that it “employed anyone by the name Maria Santillanes.” [Doc. 10]
On March 7, 2016, after no responsive pleadings were filed on behalf of Defendant
Santillanes, the presiding magistrate judge issued an order to show cause, giving Plaintiff’s
attorney thirty days to show good cause for his failure to move the case forward with regard to
Santillanes, otherwise the claims against her would be dismissed. [Doc. 14] Plaintiff’s attorney
responded on May 5, 2016, explaining that his failure to respond to the Court’s order within the
thirty day period was because he had not received notice of the order and only realized it had
been issued when he looked at the court records on the case. [Doc. 15] Plaintiff’s attorney also
explained that he had not been able to make progress on the case against Santillanes because he
had not been able to locate Santillanes to serve process and would likely need discovery in order
to find her. [Doc. 15] On May 12, 2016, the magistrate judge issued a second order to show
cause, giving Plaintiff’s attorney fifteen days to either serve Santillanes or show good cause why
he had not done so, and directing Plaintiff’s attorney to verify his contact information on file
with the Court. [Doc. 17] Plaintiff’s attorney responded to the order on May 27, 2016 and
informed the magistrate judge that Plaintiff had apparently misidentified Santillanes, and that the
correct party was either Maria Salinas or Leigh-Ann Santillanes. [Doc. 18] He told the Court that
he had requested information about both individuals and would file a motion for leave to amend
with the correct name on June 3, 2016. [Doc. 18]
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By August 30, 2016, Plaintiff still had not requested leave to amend the complaint, and
the magistrate judge issued a third order to show cause, again giving Plaintiff’s attorney fifteen
days to show good cause or have the case against Santillanes dismissed without prejudice. [Doc.
19] Plaintiff’s attorney filed a response on September 14, 2016, informing the Court that Maria
Salinas was the correct party, not Santillanes, and that John Doe had been identified as Michael
Girlamo. [Doc. 20] Plaintiff filed an opposed motion for leave to amend her complaint on
September 16, 2016, so that she could correct the names of the two individual Defendants and
add a cause of action for discrimination and retaliation under 42 U.S.C. Section 1981. [Doc. 21]
Desert Hills argues that the motion should be denied because Plaintiff has unduly delayed
amending the complaint. [Doc. 23]
II.
STANDARD
Motions to amend are governed by Rules 15 and 16 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure. “Rule 15(a)(2) provides that once the deadline for amendment as a matter of course
has passed, ‘a party may amend its pleading only with the opposing party’s written consent or
the court’s leave.’” Birch v. Polaris Indus., 812 F.3d 1238, 1247 (10th Cir. 2015) (quoting FED.
R. CIV. P. 15(a)(2)). District courts “should freely give leave when justice so requires.” FED. R.
CIV. P. 15(a)(2). Unless the court finds there is good reason supporting denial, leave to amend
should be granted. Foman v. Davis, 371 U.S. 178, 182, 83 S.Ct. 227, 230 (1962). Reasons
supporting the denial of a motion to amend include“ undue delay, bad faith or dilatory motive on
the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies by amendments previously allowed,”
or a showing that the amendment would be either unduly prejudicial to the opposing party or
futile. Id. The “liberal granting of motions for leave to amend reflects the basic policy that
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pleadings should enable a claim to be heard on its merits.” Calderon v. Kansas Dep't of Soc. &
Rehab. Servs., 181 F.3d 1180, 1186 (10th Cir. 1999).
III.
ANALYSIS
Plaintiff contends that she should be allowed to amend her complaint because
“Defendants will not be prejudiced by the amended pleading.” [Doc. 24, p. 4] Defendant argues
that the amendment should not be allowed because the motion is untimely and Plaintiff “provides
no good reason for her undue delay.” [Doc. 23, p. 1] Thus, Defendant argues, because the motion
was unduly delayed without good cause, the issue of prejudice is moot. [Doc. 23, p. 6]
In this case, nearly one year passed from the time Plaintiff filed her original complaint to
the time she filed her motion for leave to amend the complaint. [See Doc. 1, Plaintiff’s Original
Complaint, filed September 23, 2015; Doc. 21, Plaintiff’s Motion for Leave to Amend Her
Complaint, filed September 16, 2016] To determine whether Plaintiff’s delay in filing the
motion to amend was “undue,” the Court considers the reasons for the delay. See Cohen v.
Longshore, 621 F.3d 1311, 1313 (10th Cir. 2010). Under existing Tenth Circuit precedent, it is
appropriate to deny leave to amend if Plaintiff “has no adequate explanation for the delay.” See
id. In the original complaint, Plaintiff explained that she would need discovery in order to
properly identify “John Doe” and that she would add the correct information when she obtained
it. [Doc. 1, p. 2] Plaintiff first indicated to the Court that she would need additional information
to locate and serve “Maria Santillanes” on May 5, 2016. [Doc. 15] On May 27, 2016, after a
second order to show cause, she clarified that Santillanes had been misidentified and that she
would file a motion to amend on June 3, 2016, once she determined which of two potential
parties was the correct one. [Doc. 18] However, Plaintiff did not actually file the motion to
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amend with both Michael Girlamo and Maria Salinas correctly identified until September 16,
2016, after a third order to show cause. [Doc. 21]
Based on this information it appears that during this time all parties were aware that
Plaintiff would be filing an amended complaint. Plaintiff’s delay in filing the motion for leave to
amend was based on Plaintiff’s initial misidentification of Maria Salinas and Michael Girlamo as
“Maria Santillanes” and “John Doe.” Further, it appears that Plaintiff was making efforts to
determine the correct party names throughout the time between filing the original complaint and
the motion to amend, albeit slowly and with some prodding by the magistrate court through
multiple orders to show cause. Given the “liberal standard” that applies when considering a
motion to amend, the Court concludes that the time it took Plaintiff to amend her complaint does
not rise to the level of “undue delay.”
The Court has also considered whether Defendant would be unfairly prejudiced by the
grant of Plaintiff’s request to amend her complaint. “Courts typically find prejudice only when
the amendment unfairly affects the defendants in terms of preparing their defense to the
amendment. Most often, this occurs when the amended claims arise out of a subject matter
different from what was set forth in the complaint and raise significant new factual issues.”
Minter v. Prime Equip. Co., 451 F.3d 1196, 1208 (10th Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks and
citation omitted). The correction of the party names and the addition of the claim under Section
1981 depend on essentially the same facts raised in the original complaint, facts which
Defendant would already be aware of in preparing to defend against the allegations in the
original complaint. Accordingly, the Court’s grant of Plaintiff’s Motion for Leave to Amend Her
Complaint will not result in unfair prejudice to Defendant.
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IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that Plaintiff’s Motion for Leave to Amend Her
Complaint [Doc. 21] is GRANTED. The Plaintiff’s First Amended Complaint is to be filed on
the docket within 5 working days of the entry of this Order.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
___________________________________
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
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