Flemming v. Fischer et al
Filing
49
DECISION AND ORDER: ORDERED, that the Report-Recommendation (Dkt. No. 45 ) is APPROVED and ADOPTED in its entirety. ORDERED, that Defendants' Motion (Dkt. No. 36 ) for summary judgment is GRANTED and the Complaint (Dkt. No. 1) is DISMISSED in its entirety. Signed by Senior Judge Lawrence E. Kahn on 5/12/16. (served on plaintiff by regular mail)(alh, )
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
WOODROW FLEMMING,
Plaintiff,
-against-
9:13-cv-758 (LEK/ATB)
MATTHEW J. KELSH, et al.,
Defendants.
DECISION and ORDER
I.
INTRODUCTION
This matter comes before the Court following a Report-Recommendation filed on April 5,
2016, by the Honorable Andrew T. Baxter, U.S. Magistrate Judge, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)
and Local Rule 72.3. Dkt. No. 45 (“Report-Recommendation”). Pro se Plaintiff Woodrow
Flemming (“Plaintiff”) timely filed Objections. Dkt. No. 47 (“Objections”). Defendants timely
filed a Response to Plaintiff’s Objections. Dkt. No. 48 (“Defendants’ Response”).
II.
LEGAL STANDARD
Within fourteen days after a party has been served with a copy of a magistrate judge’s report-
recommendation, the party “may serve and file specific, written objections to the proposed findings
and recommendations.” FED. R. CIV. P. 72(b); L.R. 72.1(c). If no objections are made, or if an
objection is general, conclusory, perfunctory, or a mere reiteration of an argument made to the
magistrate judge, a district court need review that aspect of a report-recommendation only for clear
error. Barnes v. Prack, No. 11-CV-0857, 2013 WL 1121353, at *1 (N.D.N.Y. Mar. 18, 2013); Farid
v. Bouey, 554 F. Supp. 2d 301, 306-07 & n.2 (N.D.N.Y. 2008); see also Machicote v. Ercole, No.
06 Civ. 13320, 2011 WL 3809920, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 25, 2011) (“[E]ven a pro se party’s
objections to a Report and Recommendation must be specific and clearly aimed at particular
findings in the magistrate’s proposal, such that no party be allowed a second bite at the apple by
simply relitigating a prior argument.”). “A [district] judge . . . may accept, reject, or modify, in
whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate judge.” 28 U.S.C.
§ 636(b). Otherwise, a court “shall make a de novo determination of those portions of the report or
specified proposed findings or recommendations to which objection is made.” 28 U.S.C. § 636(b).
III.
DISCUSSION
Plaintiff makes numerous objections to Judge Baxter’s findings, four of which may be
considered specific objections. Dkt. No. 47 (“Objections”).1 First, Plaintiff objects to Judge
Baxter’s finding that there is no issue of material fact as to Defendants’ use of excessive force and
that the claim should be denied as a matter of law. See Objs. Attached to his Objections, Plaintiff
submits a video of his extraction from his cell and his subsequent medical examination. Dkt. No.
47-4 (“Video Footage”). Defendants submitted a Response to Plaintiff’s Objections, arguing that
the new documentary evidence submitted by Plaintiff “should be rejected by the Court since they
were not previously submitted to the Court.” Defs.’ Resp. at 1. “While the Court is not inclined to
consider evidentiary material that was not adequately presented to a magistrate judge in the first
instance, the Court will not turn a blind eye to such evidentiary material.” Cusamano v. Sobek, 604
F. Supp. 2d 416 (N.D.N.Y. 2009). Given the evidentiary value of video recordings of the events in
question, the Court has reviewed and considered the Video Footage.
Plaintiff argues that the Video Footage proves that Defendants used excessive force in
1
The cited page numbers for Plaintiff’s Objections refer to those generated by the Court’s
electronic filing system (“ECF”).
2
violation of the Eighth Amendment. Objs. at 4. However, the Video Footage showed only the
activity in the hallway outside of Plaintiff’s cell and did not capture the extraction itself or the
alleged excessive use of force. See Video Footage. Moreover, the account of the facts presented by
Defendants in their Motion for summary judgment is essentially consistent with the Video Footage.
See Dkt. No. 36 (“Motion for Summary Judgment”); Video Footage. Therefore, the Court finds that
the Video Footage would not change the outcome of the Report-Recommendation.
Plaintiff’s second objection is that Defendants failed to submit all video recordings of the
incident on July 16, 2010. Objs. at 6. The Video Footage submitted by Plaintiff clearly shows a
corrections officer (“CO”) standing near the doorway of Plaintiff’s cell and recording the extraction
itself with a handheld video camera. See Video Footage. In a memorandum submitted along with
Defendants’ Motion for summary judgment, Defendant Sgt. LaRose states that “the entire incident
[was] video taped by CO B Gary.” Dkt. No. 36-2 (“LaRose Declaration and Exhibits”) at 48.2
However, Defendants did not produce that video recording and have provided no explanation for
their failure to do so.
A party’s failure to preserve property for another’s use as evidence can lead to sanctions,
including an adverse inference as to the contents of the missing evidence. See Essenter v.
Cumberland Farms, Inc., No. 09-CV-0539, 2011 WL 124505, at *3 (N.D.N.Y. Jan. 14, 2011).
Here, Plaintiff has not moved for sanctions based on spoliation of the evidence—he has not even
specified which video evidence he seeks or shown that Defendants failed to preserve it.
Nonetheless, the Court finds that sanctions, including an adverse inference, would be inappropriate
2
The cited page numbers for the LaRose Declaration and Exhibits refer to those generated
by ECF.
3
in this case. A party seeking sanctions based on spoliation of the evidence “must establish (1) that
the party having control over the evidence had an obligation to preserve it at the time it was
destroyed; (2) that the records were destroyed ‘with a culpable state of mind’; and (3) that the
destroyed evidence was ‘relevant’ to the party’s claim . . . .” Residential Funding Corp. v.
DeGeorge Fin. Corp., 306 F.3d 99, 109 (2d Cir. 2002) (quoting Byrnie v. Town of Cromwell, 243
F.3d 93, 107-12 (2d Cir. 2001). Here, it is not clear that Defendants had a duty to preserve the video
tape, as Plaintiff filed his Complaint nearly three years after the alleged excessive use of force took
place. Additionally, there is no evidence that the failure to produce the video tape indicates a
culpable state of mind.
Plaintiff’s third objection is that Defendants misrepresented Plaintiff’s deposition testimony
by submitting only the portions of Plaintiff’s deposition that “they wanted the Court to read and
see.” Objs. at 5. However, a party is entitled to select relevant portions of a deposition to support
their case. Plaintiff attached the entirety of his deposition to his Objections, but he does not point to
any portion of the transcript that was misrepresented. See Objs. Furthermore, Defendants provided
Plaintiff with a copy his deposition in October 2015, leaving him ample time to review the transcript
before submitting his Response to Defendants’ Motion for summary judgment. Defs. Resp. at 1.
Plaintiff’s fourth objection is that the Report-Recommendation did not address Plaintiff’s
request for appointment of counsel. Objs. at 6. Plaintiff previously submitted a Motion for
appointment of counsel that was denied without prejudice by Judge Baxter on August 13, 2015.
Dkt. Nos. 32 (“Motion for Counsel”); 33 (“August Order”). In the August Order, Judge Baxter
explained that in order to successfully move for appointment of counsel, Plaintiff must “file a proper
IFP application” and “demonstrate that he is unable to obtain counsel through the private sector or
4
public interest firms.” Aug. Order, at 2. While Plaintiff’s Response to Defendants’ Motion for
summary judgment stated that he “is entitle[d] to counsel,” Plaintiff took none of the necessary steps
to successfully move for appointment of counsel. Pl. Resp. at 11.
The remainder of Plaintiff’s objections are either general, conclusory, or reiterations of
arguments made in the Complaint or in Plaintiff’s Opposition. Therefore, the Court has reviewed
the remainder of the Report-Recommendation for clear error and has found none.
IV.
CONCLUSION
Accordingly, it is hereby:
ORDERED, that the Report-Recommendation (Dkt. No. 45) is APPROVED and
ADOPTED in its entirety; and it is further
ORDERED, that Defendants’ Motion (Dkt. No. 36) for summary judgment is GRANTED
and the Complaint (Dkt. No. 1) is DISMISSED in its entirety; and it is further
ORDERED, that the Clerk of the Court serve a copy of this Order on Plaintiff in accordance
with the Local Rules.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
DATED:
May 12, 2016
Albany, NY
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