Zino Davidoff S.A. v. Selective Distribution International, Inc.
Filing
141
OPINION & ORDER: For the foregoing reasons, the Court adopts Judge Dolinger's Report and Recommendation in its entirety. To summarize: 1. Summary judgment is granted in favor of the J&H Parties with respect to all of Selective's claims agai nst them. 2. Summary judgment is granted in favor of the J&H Parties with respect to all of Diamond's claims against them, with the exception of Diamond's claim for breach of warranty, which may be pursued solely against J&H (not Gerald Sc hmeltzer, Helene Schmeltzer, J&S Merchandising, or jerryboy57). 3. Diamond's motion for summary judgment in its favor is denied as to all of its claims. 4. J&H's motion for preclusion as a discovery sanction is denied. Therefore, the only remaining claims in this case are two breach of warranty claims: Selective against Diamond, and Diamond against J&H. A pretrial conference will be held on April 19, 2013, at 11:00 a.m. in Courtroom 1305 at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courtho use, 40 Centre Street, New York, New York 10007. At that conference, the Court anticipates setting a prompt trial date and a schedule for the submission of a joint pretrial order and any motions in limine. The parties are directed to meet and confer in person for at least one hour, at least one week before that conference, and to submit a letter to the Court, no later than April 16, 2013, setting forth the parties' respective views on: (1) the prospects for settlement, including whether the parties would like the Court to preside over a settlement conference; (2) the anticipated length of trial; and (3) what motions in limine are anticipated. The Clerk of Court is directed to terminate the motions pending at docket numbers 85 and 97. (Signed by Judge Paul A. Engelmayer on 3/27/2013) (djc) Modified on 3/27/2013 (djc).
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
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:
ZINO DAVIDOFF S.A.,
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
:
-v:
:
SELECTIVE DISTRIBUTION INTERNATIONAL, INC. :
et al.,
:
:
Defendants.
:
:
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07 Civ. 10326 (PAE)
OPINION & ORDER
PAUL A. ENGELMAYER, District Judge:
This action arises from the discovery, by plaintiff Zino Davidoff, S.A. (“Davidoff”), that
CVS stores were selling a counterfeit version of its product, the Davidoff “Cool Water”
fragrance.1 Davidoff sued three entities that it alleged had been a link in the chain by which
these counterfeit products were supplied to CVS: Selective Distribution International, Inc.
(“Selective”), Diamond Group, Inc. (“Diamond”), and J&H Cosmetics, Ltd. (“J&H”).2 Each of
the three has paid Davidoff money to settle Davidoff’s claims. This Opinion concerns the crossclaims that remain between Selective, Diamond, and J&H.
J&H moves for summary judgment on Selective and Diamond’s claims against it.
Selective opposes that motion. Diamond opposes J&H’s motion, and cross-moves for summary
1
Davidoff has settled its claims against CVS in a separate action. See Zino Davidoff SA v. CVS
Corp., No. 06 Civ. 15332 (RJS), Dkt. 111.
2
Davidoff also sued Gerald Schmeltzer, the principal of J&H; his wife Helene; and two
allegedly associated entities, J&S Merchandising and jerryboy57 (collectively with J&H, the
“J&H Parties”).
judgment in its favor on the same claims. Neither Selective nor Diamond has moved for
summary judgment on Selective’s cross-claim against Diamond for breach of warranty.
On March 8, 2013, Hon. Michael H. Dolinger, United States Magistrate Judge, issued a
thorough and well-reasoned Report and Recommendation (the “Report”), recommending that
(1) J&H’s motion for summary judgment be granted as to Selective’s claims for contribution and
indemnity; (2) J&H’s motion for summary judgment be granted in J&H’s favor (and,
accordingly, that Diamond’s cross-motion be denied) on Diamond’s claims for indemnity, false
designation of origin, and unfair competition; and (3) J&H and Diamond’s cross-motions be
denied as to Diamond’s claim of breach of warranty (except as to Gerald Schmeltzer, Helene
Schmeltzer, J&S Merchandising, and jerryboy57, in whose favor summary judgment should be
granted).
For the reasons set forth below, the Court adopts the Report and Recommendation in its
entirety.
I.
Background
A. Procedural History
On November 14, 2007, Davidoff filed the Complaint in this case, bringing claims solely
against Selective. Dkt. 1. Selective then brought a third-party complaint against Diamond, Dkt.
6, which then brought a fourth-party complaint against J&H, Dkt. 23. On May 8, 2008, Davidoff
amended its complaint to name all three defendants. Dkt. 24. Davidoff then executed separate
settlement agreements with each defendant and voluntarily dismissed its claims. Dkt. 52, 61, 62.
On March 16, 2012, J&H moved for summary judgment. Dkt. 85. On May 1, 2012,
Diamond opposed that motion and cross-moved for summary judgment. Dkt. 97. On May 4,
2012, Selective opposed J&H’s motion. Dkt. 108. On May 25, 2012, J&H replied to Selective’s
2
opposition, Dkt. 114, and on July 27, 2012, filed an opposition to Diamond’s cross-motion, Dkt.
127. On August 17, 2012, Diamond replied in support of its cross-motion. Dkt. 132.
On March 8, 2013, Judge Dolinger issued the Report. Dkt. 138. On March 22, 2013,
J&H filed its objections to the Report. Dkt. 139 (“J&H Obj.”). On March 25, 2013, Diamond
filed its objections to the Report. Dkt. 140 (“Diamond Obj.”).3 Selective did not file objections
to the Report.
B. Factual Background
Neither party objects to the factual background set out in the Report.4 The Court adopts
those facts and provides the following overview.
Davidoff is the maker of the “Cool Water” fragrance. In 2006, Davidoff inspected CVS’s
inventory. It discovered 836 units of Cool Water that it believed counterfeit. Davidoff also
found 16,000 units of product that had been “de-coded,” meaning that the production code which
Davidoff had placed on the package had been removed.
In this lawsuit, Davidoff alleged that many counterfeit and decoded units were in boxes
that identified Selective as the supplier to CVS of the Cool Water fragrance inside. Selective, in
turn, alleges that it had purchased the fragrance from Diamond. Diamond, for its part, alleges
that it had purchased the fragrance from J&H in April 2006. J&H denies that the Cool Water it
sold to Diamond was counterfeit.
3
On March 8, 2013, the Court issued an Order affirming that, under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 72, any objections to the Report were due by March 22, 2013, and that there would be
no extensions of this deadline. Dkt. 138. Thus, Diamond’s objections are arguably untimely.
But see Fed. R. Civ. P. 6(d). The Court considers them nevertheless.
4
J&H objects to a few specific factual findings, which are addressed in detail in Parts II(B)(3) &
(5), infra.
3
After Diamond, Selective, and J&H interposed cross-claims against each other, Davidoff
amended its complaint to name all three as defendants. Davidoff also brought claims against
Gerald Schmeltzer, the principal of J&H, and his wife Helene Schmeltzer, alleging that in
addition to sales made to Diamond, they had been selling counterfeit Cool Water through their eBay outlet J&S Merchandising and their username jerryboy57 (also named as defendants).
C. Judge Dolinger’s Report
Judge Dolinger’s Report addressed the following claims.
1. Selective v. J&H – Contribution & Indemnification
Selective seeks contribution and indemnification from J&H. Selective argues that J&H is
liable for the money that Selective had to pay Davidoff to settle its claims, because J&H
provided the counterfeit product to Diamond, which in turn provided it to Selective for
distribution to CVS.
Although J&H advanced a number of arguments in support of its motion for summary
judgment on these claims, Judge Dolinger found one dispositive. The settlement agreement
between Davidoff and Selective expressly provided that Selective would pay Davidoff $75,000,
and that this payment “shall be deemed to reflect compensation solely for Selective’s profits
under Lanham Act § 35(a) (15 U.S.C. § 1117(a)).” See Declaration of Melissa Corwin in
Support of J&H’s Motion for Summary Judgment (“Corwin Decl.”), Ex. W. §§ 15–16 (emphasis
added). Thus, Judge Dolinger found, Selective’s settlement agreement with Davidoff makes
clear that Selective is seeking contribution and indemnification for a payment Selective made to
resolve claims that it had violated the Lanham Act.
Judge Dolinger found that summary judgment was therefore warranted in J&H’s favor,
because contribution and indemnification are not available to reimburse a defendant for losses
4
attributable to its Lanham Act violations. See Rep. 11–15 (citing, inter alia, Nw. Airlines, Inc. v.
Transp. Workers Union of Am., AFL-CIO, 451 U.S. 77, 90–91 (1981) (private right to
contribution or indemnity for damages incurred under a federal statute not available unless
Congress explicitly or implicitly provides for such a remedy or one is recognized by federal
common law); Getty Petroleum Corp. v. Island Transp. Corp., 862 F.2d 10, 16 (2d Cir. 1988)
(no right to contribution for damages paid under Lanham Act); Yves Saint Laurent Parfums, SA
v. Costco Wholesaler Corp., No. 07 Civ. 3214 (LBS)(HBP), 2010 WL 2593671, at *6 (S.D.N.Y.
June 24, 2010) (no right to indemnification for damages paid under Lanham Act); Zero
Tolerance Entm’t, Inc. v. Ferguson, 254 F.R.D. 123, 126–27 (C.D. Cal. 2008) (no right to
contribution or indemnification for Lanham Act damages)).
2. Diamond v. J&H – Indemnification
Diamond also seeks indemnification (though not contribution) from J&H, arguing that
J&H should be liable for the amount Diamond paid to settle Davidoff’s claims. However,
Diamond’s settlement agreement also provided that it would pay $75,000 to Davidoff, and that
this amount “shall be deemed to reflect compensation solely for [Diamond]’s profits under the
Lanham Act § 35(a) (15 U.S.C. § 1117(a)).” See Declaration of Bradley Schnur in Support of
Diamond’s Opposition to J&H’s Summary Judgment Motion and Diamond’s Cross-Motion
(“Schnur Decl.”), Ex. J § 17 (emphasis added).
Thus, Judge Dolinger granted summary judgment in J&H’s favor on this claim, for the
same reasons as on Selective’s indemnification claim. See Rep. 16–17.
3. Diamond v. J&H – Breach of Warranty
Diamond also asserts a claim for breach of warranty, based on J&H’s sale to Diamond of
the allegedly counterfeit products. Diamond argues that J&H breached two warranties: (1) the
5
warranty of title, which provides that “a seller who is a merchant regularly dealing in goods of
the kind warrants that the goods shall be delivered free of the rightful claim of any third person
by way of infringement or the like,” U.C.C. § 2-312(3); and (2) the warranty of merchantability,
which provides that a merchant seller warrants that his goods are, inter alia, able to “pass
without objection in the trade under the contract description,” “fit for the ordinary purposes for
which such goods are used,” and “adequately . . . labeled,” U.C.C. §§ 2-314(1) & (2).
First, Judge Dolinger noted that although Diamond named all of the J&H Parties as
defendants on this claim, it did not argue that Gerald Schmeltzer, Helene Schmeltzer, J&S
Merchandising, or jerryboy57 were liable for the breach of any warranty by J&H. Accordingly,
Judge Dolinger granted summary judgment in favor of these defendants. See Rep. 18–19 (citing
In re Vebeliunas, 332 F.3d 85, 91–92 (2d Cir. 2003)).
As between J&H and Diamond, however, Judge Dolinger denied both parties’ crossmotions for summary judgment. That is, Judge Dolinger found genuine issues of material fact as
to whether J&H breached a warranty to Diamond. See Rep. 19–23. In so finding, Judge
Dolinger addressed each of the following arguments.
J&H first argued that Diamond cannot prove that the bottles of Cool Water that ended up
at CVS were the same bottles that J&H (as opposed to some other supplier) sold to Diamond.
Conversely, Diamond argued that the evidence it offered made it certain that the offending
product came from J&H. Judge Dolinger rejected both arguments. He concluded that Diamond
had provided sufficient evidence of the chain of custody of the bottles in question to permit a
trier of fact to find that the offending bottles came from J&H, see Rep. 19–20, but that there were
enough gaps in the evidence to make the provenance of the offending bottles a triable issue, see
Rep. 37–43.
6
J&H also argued that Diamond cannot prove that the bottles of Cool Water in question
were indeed counterfeit, because Diamond has not designated an expert witness to testify to that
effect. Judge Dolinger rejected that argument, noting that Davidoff and its investigators have
adduced sufficient evidence that the units in question were fake, and that, having offered
evidence in the CVS litigation to that effect, presumably could adduce the same testimony here.
See Rep. 20 (citing Schnur Decl. Exs. F–H).
Finally, J&H argued that Diamond failed to give it timely notice of the breach of
warranty claim. See U.C.C. §§ 2-607(3)(a) & (b) (buyer must give notice of breach to seller
within a “reasonable time” after discovering the breach, and, where the claim is one of
infringement and the buyer is sued, within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the
litigation). However, Judge Dolinger found that, although J&H argued that Diamond knew of
the breach as far back as February 2007, Diamond proferred evidence that it did not learn that
J&H was the supplier of the product in question until March 2008, only one month before it
notified J&H. See Rep. 20–22. Thus, Judge Dolinger found that there was, at least, a triable
issue of fact as to the timeliness of Diamond’s notice.
4. Diamond v. J&H – Unfair Competition and False Designation of Origin
Diamond also asserts claims of unfair competition (under New York state law) and false
designation of origin (under the Lanham Act) against J&H, based again on J&H’s provision of
allegedly counterfeit bottles of Cool Water to Diamond.
As to the false designation of origin claim, Judge Dolinger noted that Diamond did not
defend that claim, and that summary judgment in J&H’s favor was appropriate. See Rep. 24–25.
As to the unfair competition claim, Judge Dolinger addressed, and rejected, a number of
arguments by J&H in support of its motion for summary judgment. See Rep. 25–27. However,
7
Judge Dolinger ultimately found that summary judgment was warranted in J&H’s favor, because
Diamond did not have a sufficient interest in the intellectual property at issue to prevail on an
unfair competition claim: The allegedly misappropriated trademark belongs to Davidoff, not
Diamond. See Rep. 28–32. In so finding, Judge Dolinger rejected Diamond’s argument that it
had a sufficient interest in Davidoff’s mark based on the pecuniary injury it suffered from selling
a counterfeit product. See Rep. 31–33.
5. J&H’s Preclusion Request
Finally, Judge Dolinger addressed, and denied, J&H’s motion that Diamond be precluded
from offering proof of its damages based on alleged violations of its discovery obligations.
Judge Dolinger noted that J&H had never sought such relief for these alleged derelictions during
the course of discovery. See Rep. 33–36. Moreover, Judge Dolinger noted, to the extent that any
missing proof of Diamond’s damages is relevant to its breach of warranty claim, Diamond could
be ordered to produce such documentation before trial or else be precluded from introducing it—
issues that were not fully addressed in summary judgment briefing and more appropriately
resolved in a joint pretrial order or motion in limine. See Rep. 36 & n.14.
II.
Discussion
A. Standard of Review
To prevail on a motion for summary judgment, the movant must “show[] that there is no
genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of
law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). The movant bears the burden of demonstrating the absence of a
question of material fact. In making this determination, the Court must view all facts “in the
light most favorable” to the non-moving party. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323
(1986); see also Holcomb v. Iona Coll., 521 F.3d 130, 132 (2d Cir. 2008). To survive a
8
summary judgment motion, the opposing party must establish a genuine issue of fact by “citing
to particular parts of materials in the record.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1); see also Wright v. Goord,
554 F.3d 255, 266 (2d Cir. 2009). “A party may not rely on mere speculation or conjecture as to
the true nature of the facts to overcome a motion for summary judgment,” because “conclusory
allegations or denials cannot by themselves create a genuine issue of material fact where none
would otherwise exist.” Hicks v. Baines, 593 F.3d 159, 166 (2d Cir. 2010) (citation omitted).
Only disputes over “facts that might affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law” will
preclude a grant of summary judgment. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248
(1986).
A district court may “accept, reject, or modify, in whole or in part, the findings or
recommendations made by the magistrate judge.” 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). When no timely
objection has been made to the recommendations of a magistrate judge, “a district court need
only satisfy itself that there is no clear error on the face of the record.” Carlson v. Dep’t of
Justice, No. 10 Civ. 5149 (PAE)(KNF), 2012 WL 928124, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 19, 2012)
(citation omitted). When a timely objection has been made, the court is obligated to review the
contested issues de novo. See Hynes v. Squillace, 143 F.3d 653, 656 (2d Cir. 1998). “However,
it is well-settled that when the objections simply reiterate previous arguments or make only
conclusory statements, the Court should review the report for clear error.” Cuevas v. United
States, No. 10 Civ. 5959 (PAE)(GWG), 2013 WL 655082, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 22, 2013)
(citation omitted).
9
B. Objections to Judge Dolinger’s Report
1. Selective v. J&H – Contribution and Indemnification
Neither party objects to Judge Dolinger’s recommendation that summary judgment be
granted in J&H’s favor on Selective’s claims for contribution and indemnification. Accordingly,
the Court reviews this recommendation for clear error. Carlson, 2012 WL 928124, at *1. It
finds none.
2. Diamond v. J&H – Indemnification
Neither party objects to Judge Dolinger’s recommendation that summary judgment be
granted in J&H’s favor on Diamond’s claim for indemnification. Once again, the Court does not
find clear error.
3. Diamond v. J&H – Breach of Warranty
J&H objects to Judge Dolinger’s recommendation that its motion for summary judgment
on Diamond’s breach of warranty claim be denied. It argues that Judge Dolinger erred in finding
a triable issue whether Diamond gave proper notice to J&H of the alleged breach of warranty.
J&H Obj. 2–4.5 It is undisputed that Diamond did not notify J&H of its breach of warranty claim
until April 2008. Thus, the question whether Diamond gave J&H notice of its claim within a
reasonable time turns on when Diamond learned that J&H, as opposed to some other supplier,
had supplied it with the product in question. See U.C.C. § 2-607(3); see also First Sec. Mortg.
Co. v. Goldmark Plastics Compounds, Inc., 862 F. Supp. 918, 933 (E.D.N.Y. 1994) (sufficient
notice “depends upon the circumstances of each case and the term [reasonable time] is to be
treated flexibly” (citing Schnitzer v. Lang, 239 N.Y. 1, 5 (1924))).
5
J&H does not object to Judge Dolinger’s findings that triable issues remain as to (1) the chain
of custody of the bottles in question, see Rep. 19–20; and (2) whether the bottles in question
were counterfeit, see Rep. 20. See J&H Obj. 2. The Court does not find clear error as to these
points.
10
On February 15, 2007, an officer of Selective emailed an officer of Diamond to inform
him that Davidoff was claiming that the products in question were counterfeit, and that Selective
intended to hold Diamond liable for any damages Selective might have to pay Davidoff. See
Reply Declaration of Melissa Corwin (Dkt. 128) (“Corwin Reply Decl.”), Ex. C. Thus, J&H has
demonstrated that, as of February 2007, Diamond had notice that it may have purchased
counterfeit products from someone, likely in breach of that supplier’s warranty.
J&H’s argument fails, however, because it cannot show when Diamond knew that J&H,
as opposed to some other supplier, was the source of the counterfeit goods (and therefore that
Diamond’s breach of warranty claim ran against J&H). As Judge Dolinger noted, there is record
evidence reflecting that Diamond did not learn with certainty that J&H was the supplier of the
goods in question until March 2008, when it received a sample box of Cool Water from J&H and
confirmed that its source code matched that of the allegedly counterfeit products. See Rep. 22
(citing Reply Declaration of Jeffrey Parker in Support of Diamond’s Cross-Motion for Summary
Judgment (Dkt. 133) (“Parker Reply Decl.”) ¶ 13).
In response, J&H argues that Diamond knew that J&H was the supplier long before
March 2008. See J&H Obj. 3. As support, J&H points to a handwritten annotation on the
sample box of Cool Water that reads: “This is a copy of the box of [Cool Water] received from
J&H . . . . [W]e kept a sample in the office.” Schnur Decl. Ex. D. On this basis, J&H appears to
argue that, for some time before March 2008, Diamond had the sample in question, and thus the
knowledge, or at least the ability to ascertain, that J&H had supplied the offending product. But
J&H does not point to any evidence of when Diamond learned of the provenance of the Cool
Water. And its theory is in tension with the deposition testimony of Jeffrey Parker that Diamond
requested the sample from J&H only after Selective brought its claim against Diamond in
11
December 2007. See Schnur Decl. Ex. E (Deposition of Jeffrey Parker), at 114–17; see also
Parker Reply Decl. ¶ 13 (stating that Diamond learned with certainty that J&H was the supplier
of the offending product in March 2008). Thus, there is a triable issue of fact as to whether
Diamond learned that J&H was the source of the allegedly counterfeit goods in March 2008,
December 2007, sometime in between, or at some previous time.6 Because the reasonableness of
Diamond’s April 2008 notification to J&H of its breach of warranty claim turns on this open
factual question, summary judgment is not merited.
4. Diamond v. J&H – Unfair Competition and False Designation of Origin
Neither party objects to Judge Dolinger’s recommendation that summary judgment be
granted in J&H’s favor on Diamond’s claim of false designation of origin. The Court finds no
clear error.
Diamond does object, however, to Judge Dolinger’s finding that it lacked a sufficient
interest in the intellectual property at issue to state a claim of unfair competition. Diamond Obj.
2. Diamond argues that it “had an economic interest in the product which J&H sold to it . . . as it
purchased the subject product from J&H and funds were exchanged.” Id. This is a truncated
version of Diamond’s previous argument, see Diamond Reply Br. (Dkt. 132) 14–15, which
Judge Dolinger rejected, see Rep. 31–33. The cases cited by Diamond in its reply brief merely
6
J&H also argues that Diamond must have known that J&H was the source of the offending
goods, because J&H was Diamond’s only source of Cool Water during the relevant period. J&H
Obj. 3. But this argument is contrary to J&H’s argument in opposition to Diamond’s summary
judgment motion that J&H was not the only source of the offending goods. See J&H Br. (Dkt.
78) 8–10; J&H Reply Br. (Dkt. 127) 6–8; Corwin Decl. ¶¶ 34–39. It is also to contrary to Judge
Dolinger’s finding—which was beneficial to J&H on the chain of custody issue and therefore not
objected to—that Diamond was incorrect in claiming that J&H was its only supplier. See Rep.
39–40. As Judge Dolinger noted, there is evidence that Diamond bought Cool Water from other
sources during the relevant period. See Corwin Decl. Exs. O & P. Thus, there is at least a triable
issue as to when Diamond ascertained the provenance of the Cool Water bottles in question.
12
stand for the proposition that a sufficient pecuniary interest in a trademark may exist where the
plaintiff has an exclusive right to distribute or manufacture the mark in question. See Faiveley
Transp. USA, Inc. v. Wabtec Corp., No. 10 Civ. 4062 (JSR), 2011 WL 1899730, at *9 (S.D.N.Y.
May 13, 2011); Piccoli A/S v. Calvin Klein Jeanswear Co., 19 F. Supp. 2d 157, 168 (S.D.N.Y.
1998); see also Borgognone v. Patricia’s Pizza & Pasta II, Inc., No. 10 Civ. 0841 (LAK), 2010
WL 4455820, at *2 n.1 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 3, 2010). But that is not the situation presented here:
Diamond is one of many entities that purchases Davidoff products for resale. As Judge Dolinger
noted, simply purchasing a product for resale does not give rise to an interest in that product’s
trademark sufficient to state a claim for unfair competition. See, e.g., Telecom Intern. Am., Ltd.
v. AT&T Corp., 280 F.3d 175, 198 (2d Cir. 2001) (“[A]bsent some appropriation of an idea or
knowledge in which [plaintiff] had a property interest or a contractual arrangement creating such
an interest, we see no such impropriety here as to call for relief under New York’s law of unfair
competition.”); cf. Silverstar Enters., Inc. v. Aday, 537 F. Supp. 236, 241 (S.D.N.Y. 1982)
(dismissing Lanham Act claim where plaintiff was not seeking to enforce registrant’s rights, but
rather its own contractual rights). The Court therefore adopts Judge Dolinger’s recommendation
and grants summary judgment in J&H’s favor.
5. J&H’s Preclusion Request
J&H objects to Judge Dolinger’s recommendation that the Court deny J&H’s request to
preclude Diamond from introducing evidence of its damages at trial, based on Diamond’s alleged
non-compliance with discovery obligations. See J&H Obj. 4–6. Judge Dolinger denied J&H’s
request because it had not sought such relief during discovery. See Rep. 33–36. Opposing that
finding, J&H argues that, although it never formally sought such relief, it protested Diamond’s
non-compliance: “[W]hile the parties appeared before Magistrate Dolinger on settlement
13
conferences, the issue of Diamond’s failure to comply with J&H’s demands was raised by J&H
. . . and Diamond [] was directed to produce same as essential to proving its case, albeit not set
forth in a formal order.” J&H Obj. 5. In essence, J&H argues, it preserved its ability to raise the
issue of Diamond’s discovery infractions, and preclusion is the proper remedy for those abuses.
The Court adopts Judge Dolinger’s recommendation that J&H’s request for preclusion be
denied, for two reasons. First, J&H has not pointed to any evidence of having raised these issues
with Judge Dolinger during the discovery process.7 Second, and more important, there is no
need to address such a motion at this time. As Judge Dolinger noted, to the extent the alleged
discovery non-disclosures are shown to have impeded J&H’s ability to defend at trial against a
claim for damages by Diamond, that issue can be fully addressed in a motion in limine, when the
shape of, and evidence at, a trial has further crystallized.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Court adopts Judge Dolinger’s Report and
Recommendation in its entirety. To summarize:
1. Summary judgment is granted in favor of the J&H Parties with respect to all of
Selective’s claims against them.
2. Summary judgment is granted in favor of the J&H Parties with respect to all of
Diamond’s claims against them, with the exception of Diamond’s claim for breach of
warranty, which may be pursued solely against J&H (not Gerald Schmeltzer, Helene
Schmeltzer, J&S Merchandising, or jerryboy57).
3. Diamond’s motion for summary judgment in its favor is denied as to all of its claims.
7
J&H has provided evidence of its efforts during the course of discovery to request proof of
Diamond’s damages from Diamond’s counsel. See Corwin Reply Decl. Ex. E. But, as Judge
Dolinger noted, Diamond specifically objected to this request. See Corwin Decl. Ex. G ¶ 90.
And J&H provides no evidence of any attempt to raise the issue with the Court.
14
..
4. J&H's motion for preclusion as a discovery sanction is denied.
Therefore, the only remaining claims in this case are two breach of warranty claims:
Selective against Diamond, and Diamond against J&H. A pretrial conference will be held on
April 19,2013, at 11 :00 a.m. in Courtroom 1305 at the Thurgood Marshall United States
Courthouse, 40 Centre Street, New York, New York 10007. At that conference, the Court
anticipates setting a prompt trial date and a schedule for the submission of a joint pretrial order
and any motions in limine. The parties are directed to meet and confer in person for at least one
hour, at least one week before that conference, and to submit a letter to the Court, no later than
April 16, 2013, setting forth the parties' respective views on: (1) the prospects for settlement,
including whether the parties would like the Court to preside over a settlement conference; (2)
the anticipated length oftrial; and (3) what motions in limine are anticipated.
The Clerk of Court is directed to terminate the motions pending at docket numbers 85
and 97.
SO ORDERED.
Paul A. Engelmayer
United States District Judge
Dated: March 27, 2013
New York, New York
15
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