Bimont et al v. Unilever United States, Inc.

Filing 28

OPINION AND ORDER re: 18 MOTION to Dismiss Plaintiffs' First Amended Complaint under Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) and 9(b), filed by Unilever United States, Inc. For the foregoing reasons, Unilever's motion to dismiss the First Amended Complaint pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) is GRANTED. The Clerk of Court is directed to close the motion at docket number 18. (As further set forth in this Order.) (Signed by Judge J. Paul Oetken on 9/9/2015) (kko)

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U I E S A E DS RC C U T NT D T T S I TI T O R S U H R DS RC O N O T E N I TI T F EWY R OK ----------------------------------------X -------------------: T B B O T S L I B T E, IM A IM N, Y V A E H A : L U D SR S D,R S A Y O R E O A O O EM R : A E L N,B E D S A R R N L R L A O R N A T R, O A D : BI K E,W N YS R K, D N R N L Y E D Y O A AW : K L E,S R E AU T N K N R E L Y E R N P O, E D A : A G L ad A K MI TR, o bh f f : N E ,n M R C NI E n ea o l te s vs n o e sm a yi a d h me e adt r ii r s u e l hs ll t t, : Pi i s : l nf, a tf : -v : : : U I E E U I E S A E ,N . NL V R NT D T T S IC, D edn.: e na f t : ----------------------------------------X -------------------- 1- V 74 (P ) 4C -79J O OI I NA DO D R PN O N R E J P U O T E,Dt cJde . 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Lg Sa d d ea t na s l r T sr v am in oi m s ne R e 2b 6 al nf ms p a sf c n o uv e o ot d i ud u 1() ) pi i u l d ui e i t s s r l ( , a tf t e fi t fc aaea ost st al m oeetai p u b oi fc ”BlA.Cr v a u l gin “ t e ci t ri h sl s l nt ae e t op . tll t oa a lf t a i e s . l l . , . a ai e l l tll t T o b , 5 US5450 20)Al ms lu b itewl p ae fc aaea os w m y 50 .. 4 7 (07 ci i p s l fh e - edda u l gin l ote o pi , rs mdrep m te ort “r wh raoa en rneh te fh c m a tp u etu e i h cu o d teesnb if ecta h ln e , rt t a l e t 2 A huh a tf aeeh te rnsi a te os m po c ol w oa 5 sts l ogPi i sl gta h b d v l e h cnu e r eina s fl 0t e t l nf l t a ot r tt l a, temk sb a iel gi n o y nete os m po c o st e o toet e o hyae us n v aea o s n ud h cnu e r eint u s f hs sts f tt l t l r r tt at a w ctePi i sr d mia e ( A ¶ 68–3 ) Bcueh Cu cn ueta h hh l nf a o il r s F C ¶, 922 easte or oc ds h i a tf e ci i . . t l t tePi i saea oswu b p e p d neay p ia et et u, h Cu ne h l nf’l gin o d e r m e ud n apcb st st e e or ed a tf l t l e t r l l a at t t n se f a y v u e h v iust st e ai u h e Pi i slo se ci s o o pci l ea a te a ost et u sts e e. l nf a a r l m n t i cl l t r a at s r a tf s s t a bh f f niniels frh c m ol w ass f c o ob ah fw rny ea o a a o w c s ote o mna cue o ain fr c o a a , l t d a t e r t ng gn mrp snt nad n ser h e ,w c a d cse b o. e ie i er e a o n u u n c mn h h r i u d e w l t s e ti , jt i t i es s l 2 d ednil b frh m cnu aee ”Ahr t. qa, 5 US6268 20) e na si l ote i odc l gd sco vIb 56 .. 6 7 (09 f t ae s tl . f l , (t g w m y 50USa56 “ h ab eet s fh e mn o a as o ain ci T o b , 5 ..t 5) Tr da rca otel e s f cue f c o in l . e r il e t t , spo e b m e oc sr st mn, o osf c ”I (t g w m y 50USa55 upr d y e cn uoyt e e sd n uie d ci T o b , 5 ..t 5) t r l a t t f . . in l . 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TeF C ep cl fr dtet et “s bs ocn nenf ca rq r mn h D A xli y ob s h sts o e a ih r o iui e e n eu e e it i a tl t ft y i t frae n o pca n oa o mitai df e fo oi adin ootai olbig r akg g f cs ech si e n r m rn d t t rh s l i t t fr t io , t o e w e oie ia w haeu e e se f a y p ia eo p t u r o mi o t ri n dnc i , rq r mn pci l apcb t a ai l cs ec r h s t t l t i t i cl l l rc a t c s ocs ec ud [ eF C ] . oteFrPca n adLbigA. 2 USC l s f o mis ne t D A.. rh a akg gn ae n c” 1 ... a t r h i i l t § 7sa S ma lnugfr d nn dnc strq r mn fr v - e on r 39( . i i r agae ob s o- e ia t eeu e e s o oet - u e ) l i i t la i t rh c t ( O C dus3 2 USC§ 7r) W l stsrfr de fo ae nte us n v “ T ” rg ) . 1 ... 39a he t e a ob dnr ml r gh sb a ie (. i a e i ti tt po bin apcb t sb c rg a d y o p hp tacu b rg a d y te rh i os p ia eo u e seut b (r e as h o d eeut b) h it l l jt le , r , t l le 3 Te ais g eh te rdc ai u h er b h o mis n O C rg h p t ar ta h pou sts e e a o cs ec ad T dus re e t t s r e t t . 3 F A hyrf eora p v eih o ain nest st etai psrq r mn D, e a r t c t r a r t f c o ud t et u s h moeeu e e s t ee ee i t gs t r a at t i t ie iattoe fh F C. e Ain v H nC ei Gp Ic, 8 F d 5 77 9 dnc ohs ote D ASe s aa. a e s a r, n 73 . 73 5 ( h t l t i l tl . . 3 , t C. 05( Th F C de n p e pstl wtaa o cnu e t se o mis i 21)“ ] e D A os o r m t ea s h l w os m s o u cs ec r [ t e ta tl r t mnfc r s h lb o pcaeh r rdc i v lin fee ltnad ” selo au t e ta ae r akgte pou s ni a o ofd as d s ) e a a ur t l i t ot r a r .; s B e v D wArs ecsL C 54US4147 20)h d gh s malnugi te a s. o goc ne L , 4 .. 3 4 (05(o i ta i i ragaen h t i , ln t l Fd aIscc e Fn c eadRdnc eA de n p e pst cue o ain o ee l nei d ugi , n oe i d c os o r m t e ass f c o fr r ti , id ti t t e ta t tei a o orq r mn ie iat toe nefd al w hv lin feu e e s dnc o hs ud ee la ) ot i t t l r r . 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Ain , dnc oee la i a a i h h h D eggs n o e eut n . ,s aa t l r e i li . g t 73F dt 5 V Pr , 06 W 898 a* Tee ae h d h tee vn“cp” f 8 . a78 t ue 20 L 346 t 6 hs css o ta hr ea soe o 3 ;. , . l t l t fd al ws e nd yh F A rg a r co e IteF A euts g e sb c ee la i d ie b te D ’ eut y h cs fh D rg a ai n u e r f s lo i . le v jt mt,t re p a nnie iastl w w h tt u e mt.B iteF Asy ae i p m sl o-dnc t ea s i i h sb c ae u fh D as tr e t l t la t n a j t tr t n h g bute u e mt,t e a f eo eut. o i ao h sb c ae stsr r t rg a tn t j t tr a ee le F a y ala oe or hsae amr p m s e prah o hi e c o i l, tes n cu atkn o e i i apoc t ten r t n nl t t e r sv t ai b weteF C adt e os m po c o st e h d ght hys v e enh D A n st cnu e r eint u s o i tate “ re t a r tt at , l n e c m e e ay huh o e h oe ap gr e, we bteF C “ ni ts n a o p mn r tog s m wa v lp n o s” h eyh D Ac st e o y l t , t r i, l r o tu l f o uo w c sts a b l adin po c os Jv v - e t Ic N 1 C . l r pn h ht e cn u d d t a r ein” oe . Ha h n, o 2 i o i a i io l t t . l i l, . . v 51 ( G 21 W 5305a* (....Sp 2 21) T s prah p is 64J ) 03 L 476 t 6 EDNY e . 7 03 h apoc ape , , t , . i l p e p o o ywe stl w eu e e sl n cni w h ee l eu e e s o r m in n h et ea rq r mn pi y ofc i fd arq r mn —ms e t l r a i t al lt t r i t t c m o y we at ea ci wu po b cnu tai epcl p mtd yee l o mn , h e stl wl m o d rh i odc h s x it e ie b fd a l r a a l it t t li y r t r lw a. St ci sr p e p d h n fhy 1i ps ay o-dnc rq r mn o t el m a r m e t e ite () moe n nn e ia eu e e n a a e e t, , i t l i t cnu tacu brg a d yh F A e.B w n , 5F Sp 3 a36 () moe odc h o d e eut bte D ( g ol g 6 . up dt 7) 2i ps t t l le ., i . ; ay o- e iarq r mn o cnu woe u e mt hs en eutd yh F A n nn dnc eu e e n odc hs sb c ae a be rg a bte D i t l i t t j t tr le ( g V Pr , 06 W 898 a*)o() moe ncniig eu e e o cnu e. t ue 20 L 346 t 6 r3i ps ayofc n rq r mn n odc . ,. , ; lt i t t ., l , . s tahs en eutd yh F Ae.Jv ,03 W 5305a*) C maelo h a be rg a bte D ( g oe 21 L 476 t 6 o pr a t le Ain , 8 F dt 5 (oc d gh a u ta m h“ q r[ e e na ] oe oe . s aa 73 . a78cn u nta s t h i tr u et d edn tr mv. . t 3 li t i t g ei h f t aee ymla n av tigt e e s cnen gwe ete rdci‘l N u l l gd i ed g dei n st mn [oc i h h h pou s A a r ’ l l s i rs a t rn tr t l t a] fo i pou lb s wu “ornfu oteF C ” eas “ D rg a os o o r mt rdc ae ” o d n u ao f h D A bcue F Aeut n d n s t l l t l li t rq r[ e e na ] oaei pou s s A N u l )w hB w n , 5F Sp 3a eu et d edn t lb t rdc a‘l a r ’ , t ol g 6 . up d i h f t ls t l t a” i i . t 36 “ o pi i s o s bstate stl wl m a n p e p d ts nui e t 7 (Frl nf t e a ih h h rt ea ci sr o r m e iiisf c n o a tf tl t i a a e t e t, fi t 6 so tateF A a n p mtd hlb .. R h,l nf wu net p a fc h wh h D hs o e ieteae .. a e pi i s o d ed ol d a s t t rt l t r a tf l e t sgeigh teF A a ai mie po be teae”e pa s mtd. ugs nta h D hsfr a v yrh i d hlb.( mhs o ie) t t f t l it l i t ) A epie fr e b o,Pi i sci sa p e p dud teit n scn s x a d u h e w l nf ’l m r r m e ne hfsad eod ln tr l a tf a e e t r r r e B te wu l e sr vteh d Tu a huh h Cu ne n , n de n , u s u hy o di l uv eht r hs l ogte or ed o ad os o l. t l ky i i. ,t t t t rs vtees n eweteit n scn apoce teCu msad s we e o eo ehtn o b en hfsad eod prahs h or u dr s h h r l i t r , t t e tr n teh d u ite o e oe Ii n cr cc e y easiiicn s n w h h o ht r r es h cr c n t s o o e h f bcuets nost t i te t i l rt . t r t il ie t pilnug oteF C ’ p e p o st e Tast e ob s h sts o moe l nagae fh D A r m int u. h t u fr dtet et i ps a s e t at t at i a rq r mn taa n “dnc ”o hs w h te cp ofd al w 2 USC§ 7s eu e e s h r o ie ia t toe i i h soe f ee la. 1 ... 39 i t t e t t l tn r ( mh i add I we d e m igwe estl w a w h te cp ofd al w e pas de) f hn e r i n h h t ea sr i i h soe f ee la, s . , t n tr a e tn r cus os e d soet ma “ oeratateF A a a ed se f a yeutd or cn d e “cp”o ent s a s h h D hsl ay pci l rg a , t ir h e t r i cl le” n h gwu bl t fh wr “ e ia i t s o e .I Stsud teh d u, o i o d ee ote odi nc ”n h cn x d t e ne ht r r e tn l f dt l i tt . a , r i l wu bf eo a ayrq r mn:IteF A a n a edi psd h m hywu , o d er t ps n eu e e s fh D hs o l ay moete, e o d l e s i t tr t l r b d i t nb o s eh soe f ee la; niteF A a a edi psd h m y e ni , e ui te cp ofd al wadfh D hs l ay moete, fio td r te wu bie iat fd al w Tacno br h Acr n y h Cu r e s h hy o d ednc oee la. h an ei t cod g, e or e c te l t l r t t g. ilt t jt t rr e h d u. i l B . N n F n i n S c -l o -uc o a l kFl t l a i Pi i sl gta U lv ’ doo n a pcae s at g eh apa neh l nf aeeh nee s edr t r akgd o s oi te pe acta a tf l t i r as e v r t te cni mr doo ntatea ul cni.( C¶ 4–5 U lv det s hy o a o edr t hn hyc a y o a tn e a tl t n F ¶ 44 ) nee os h, A . i r i acr nt Pi i ss m y y eigh doo n i p sc o a e taa l g ta cod go l nf,i p b sl te edr t nl t cni r h r a e hn i a tf l ln as ai t n s t e r r te fninl net b I od frhs stl wl mt ecp p e p o bte hy uc oa y ed o e n re oteet ea ci s o sae r m in yh t l . r a a e t F C,hs ci sms a e pt i psrq r mn taa e h ()dnc t fd a D A eel m u t m o moeeu e e s h r i e 1ie ia oee l t a t t t i t tetr t l r l w r 2 o s eh soe fee la. a o() ui te cp ofd al w td r TeF C fr dtemla n ” akg g f rg ad o mis Se 1USC h D A ob sh“ s d g pca n o dus n cs ec. e 2 ... i ie i i t § 6() Afs g ne Pi i sci tateedrn a pcae w h“ aki” o 32d. tit l c l nf ’l m h hdoo t r akgd i s c-l s r a , a tf a t as e t l fl 7 at mla cnu e apa t bie iat t sa. B Cnrs a o pcia y s o i ed os m s pe s o ednc o h l w u og sl se f l s r r t l i t e s i cl ad setesu os c-lb epcl a hrigh F Ao ncrg a os o dr sdhi e fl k i y x it u o z te D t ea eut nt e s a fl li y t i n t li “rvnte ofnin - aki o pcae cni n [od dusocs ec. 1 p e h nnuc oa s c-l f akgs o a igfos rg r o mis” 5 e t t l l fl tn , , t ] USC§ 44 )4 Cnrs se f d h sc rg a osw eo e nc d [ ]eee ... 15( () og s pci ta uheut n e t b ea e “ whnv c . e ie t li r t r ..eut n..r ncsayo rvnte ee in f os m s roala v u . rg a os. a ee rt p e h dcp o ocnu e ot fcit a e li e s e t t r it e l c masn at ay os m c m o t ”I § 44 )TeF Apoedd o a s co p ios s o n cnu e o md y d 15(. h D rceet ps l k r r i. . c sa fleut n b cv e o y aki i fopou s Se2 CFR§ 0 10d i n i rg a os u oe d n s c-l n odrdc. e 1 ... 10 0(e n g l li , t r l l fl t . fi s c-la “h df ec b wete c acpc yf cniead h v u e f rdc l ki stei e ne e en h a u aato a o a r n te o m o pou a fl fr t tl i tn l t cniete i” Teeeut nse f a y drste e m s lraos oic d g o a dh e ) hsrg a os pci l ad s h p i i eesnfrn u n tn rn. li i cl e r sb li s c-li fo pca n b te sy o ig bu du ad o mis akg gI Te l ki n od akg g u hy a n h ao rg n cs ec pca n d h a fl i, t tn t t i. . qein hn s h h t s ost e a F Ad e m a otas c-li du ad us o te i we e h cni ts n D e r i t n h l kfl n rg n t , , tri tu t ni ta i cs ec akg gs e m s l,w c wu p e p tel mbcuehy moe nn o mi pca ni p i i e h h o dr m h ci seastei ps a ot i r sb i l e t a ie iarq r mn o we es c-li du ad o mi pca n io s eh soe dnc eu e e, r h h l ki n rg n cs ec akg gs ui te cp t l i t t r a fl t i td ofd arq r mn ,w c wu a o tel mt poed fee l eu e e s h h o d l wh ci s o rce r i t i ll a . Te ais o osu e ad st s us o ( mae D.N 2 Pi i s h p t d n qa l dr s h qein C pr k o 2 l nf ’ re t ry e i t . o t . , a tf M mrnu o L wnOpsin “ pot n,t 41 w h D.N 7 D edns e o d m f a i pot [ Opsi ” a1–5 i a io io ] , t k o , e na ’ t . f t Rp M mrnu o L w “ e y,t. B ,iete rvl g ae a o F C e y e o d m f a [ Rp ” a7 u g n h p ai cs l w n D A l a l] ) t v e in p e p o ii c atateF A arg a dlc-l( h hs hr ea “u e r m in tsl rh h D hs eut s kfl w citee vn sb c e t , e t le a i i l t jt mt ” b hs eie t i ep t h gn a m b n n st e o s o oe s c-li ae ) u a dc nd o n rr te ee l i r d gt u s at cvrl ki n t r, t l t e r sai at a fl dus n cs ec rg ad o mis t. C ma nB w n ,esC ,u , nAin iis uie IB w n , ug o p igol g Pp o A t ads aa snrc v n ol g Jde r i i l t t t . i Sh n i ad se aea os h Jhsn& ono ml d os m swei s d h ce d n dr sdl ginta ono Jhsn i e cnu e hnt a ta il e l t t s r i t Lt iemu ws “]s rs e a e i te .B w n , 5F Sp 3 a33 Jde i e n o h ah[ e o [ n m ”ne h ol g 6 . up dt 7 ug sr t r te ] l t i . . Sh n i h d h at ea cue f c o fr m b n n bsd n h “ s rs n m ” ce d n e ta stl w as oain o i r d g ae oter t e ea e il l t a t sai eo l 8 ci ws re p d yee la bcueh F A a p v u ysud u ac a oig l m a p m e b fd al w easte D hd r i s i e g dnel w a e t r e ol s i l n O C rgmnfc rs ()oersnta.. rg[o a iglo d p vnto dcy T du au t e “ 1t rp e h . dus cni n f r e r e o h ea au e t t tn ui ] e t t ad 2t po d fr elbigo x a h w eai p vn d I TeF Aacr n n ()o rv e u h ae nt epi o dcys r e e ” d h D, cod g i tr l ln e t. . i t JdeSh n i hd drsete u e mt of o d s et nh t to dcy o ug ce d n a ad sd h sb c ae fl r e r a os p o o h ea i l, e j t t r u i ’ li i t ad a dc nd o rh ist mn taf o drs rs n m i te. da367 n hd eiet po b t e e s h l r ee o ea e ne hI t 7-7 l it a t t ui te l t . . Te fr tet e w e of eo rh i toet e e s h eo,h sts e n r t po b hs st mn. r e a r te it a t I Pp C ,ug S b ad se aea os h Pp hdmb ne Au ia n es o Jde e e dr sdl ginta es a ir dd qa n i il e l t t i sa f b t dw e— h h h pi i sl gd ws uf da w e bic d gmu a os ol a r w c tel nf aee a pri tp a r—yn u n oni u te t i, a tf l , ie t li tn see oi lb s ed g o hf si p s o tatew ec mfo amu a os cns nt ae, a n t te a e mr s n h h a r a er m oni u s ll i l ei t t tn su e Pp C , 8 F Sp 2 a59 TeF Aacr nt JdeS b,sud pci or . es o 58 . up dt 2 h D, cod go ug e e i e se f c i . . i il s ic g dne ead gh d c sr ote oreo o etps f oldw e “ ts nw e ” u acrg i tei l u fh suc f t r ye o b t i rn so e h te a r—r i a r t a e a t, “rudw e ” m e lw e” n “p n w e ” 1CFR§ 6 10 )fr x m eb gon a r “ i r a r ad sr g a r 2 ... 15 1(, oea p —u t, n a t, i t, . a l t n “uf d w e Pp C , 8 F Sp 2a55 JdeS b h d h tel m w e o pri ” a r es o 58 . up d 3 ug e e e ta h ci s e t ie t. i . t . il l t a r p e p d eastei psd nnie iarq r mnta wsw h a u e mt r m e bcuehy moe a o-dnc eu e e h a i i sb c ae e t t l i t t tn j t tr tateF A a ad se Sed a58 “ e fd arq r mn ad ste u e h h D hd dr sd ei t 3 ( h eee l eu e e s dr s h sb ct t e . . Wr r i t e j mt tai b n caegd hog stl wl m sc stl wl m a p e p d o ae h s e g hlnetruht ea ci s uht ea ci sr r m et tr t i l a a , a a e e t te x nte d n i psie iarq r mn.. h e e hy o o moednc eu e e s) tt t t l i t ”5 IA t JdeCo y drse aea os h S uk s a m b ne Cso nu , ug r t ad sdl ginta mce hd i r dd r c l t e l t t r sa i , . t t so e n blbig “l N u l A t 21 W 1925a* B JdeCo y on hr n g yae ni A a r. u ,04 L 983 t 1 u ug r t fud ti l t l t a” l tat sl mwso p e p d u ieh ci s n ol g adesC )eas “h F A h h ci an r m e (n ktel mi B w n nPp o bcue te D ti a t e t l a i i 5 Rd v Ka FosIc 74F Sp 2 13 14 (..C. 00 dt g sePp C . e . r t od n, 5 . up d 17 11 CD a 21) ii u hdes o f , . . , l , sn i i Te,h cu h dtaci s oc n g a mn taa rdc ws ha h”w e h e e or e h l m cne i st e s h pou a “ety e rt t l t a r n te t t t l r “r m e o mrp snt n cnen g u e mt tateF A a n edao d o p i d n i er e a os oc i sb c ae h h D hs o nevr t e s s e ti r n j t tr t t e rg a , ad hsw e o p e p dI (u igesC , 8 F Sp 2 a58.0 eut ” ntu e n r m e d qo nPp o 58 . up d t 3 n ) le r t e t. . t i . . 1. T ogtee ae da w h pa n yiicfc ac c m acs h rao n otee h uhhs css et i ap e l dt t a u i u s ne teesn g fhs l t r t sn t l r t , i css pe s o ecn s n ae apa t b ost t r i e. 9 hs eiet cn d te pcii u h e‘h h ad ne wac c m acs od a dc nd o os e h se f s e e : we e n ud h i u s nefo l ir ic s r tr r tr t pou s o a ignrd n poue u n gnia y n ne d nrd n my rmy rdc cni nig i t rdcd s g eecl eg e eig i t a o a t tn e es i t l i r e es n blb e “a r. ”I a*(u igno m F A u ac ; e a os aa 73 o eae d n u l ’ d t 3 qo nifr a D g dne se l Ain , 8 t l t a” . t l i ) s t F da 78 “i f a y o t o tateF A a nv i ud eut nrg d gh ue . t 5 ( a i l p n u h h D hs ee s e rg a osea i te s 3 H n nl i s t t rs li rn o‘a r ’ n o misae. Taitu b H n hnrus h teF A flrt i u f n u l o cs eclb s h sre u a te a eta h D ’ a u os e ta t l t , t i g t si e s se f rg a os n h sb citn mu t a os os e s n yh aect p m pci eut n ote u e sa a on o cnc u dci bte gnyo e i i c li jt t t i io rt ay s ot se m mnfc r sef. T sru e poetomc Bt s o ca n ue fh t a au t e esi h ag mn rvs o uh yh lg, i r a ur t i t . i i mnfc r cu mk ayl m w du r hu o o e w e—bua rdc woe au t e o d ae n ci —i , n u f, rt ri ao pou hs a ur l a l tt l h s t t cn n a n ad se b a pci rg a o Tet u, o ee poc bst e e s o e sr o dr sd y se f eut n h st eh wv,rs iest mn tt e t e i c li . at r r a t taa ‘ lermla ni ay aiu r n st mn taa ‘rh i d y pci h r f s o i ed gn n p t l, o t e e s h r po be b se f t ea s i rc a’ t a t t e it ic F A eut n’) D rg a os ” li . . Tei a o h esmrl eB w n adesC taiil eu ad s aa h s uin e i o i ol g nPp o hntsi A t n Ain . tt r ek i i k l t H e h F Awsie a pciiva ot rg a s c -li fosdusad e, e D a g n se f n tin oeut l k fl n od rg n rt v i c it le a i , , cs ec b coeo eut o ylc-li fos Ud at capoct F C o mis u hst rg a n s ki n od ne si prah o D A t, t l e l a fl . r rt p e p o t ss ui e t b Pi i sci sAt e u fr d n nn uc oa r m in h i sf c n o a l nf ’l m str e ob d g o- nin e t ,i fi t r a tf a : a l ii f t l s c-li dus n cs ec wu i ps aeu e e taii adin o r o l ki n rg ad o mis o d moe rq r mn h s n d t t o n a fl t l i t t io t ie ia w hee la, ni wu d s o a u e mt tac a y o d eeutd dnc i fd al wadt o d o o n sb c ae h l r cu b rg a t l t r l j t tr t el l le bteF A B ee ud temrln napoc Pi i sci slfl TeF A yh D . u vn ne h o e e prah l nf ’l mtlas h D ’ t r e it , a tf a i i. s flrt rg a i t sra ost e s og v ectateF A os e d hi u o a u oeut n h a cni tst n e dneh h D cn d etes e f i e le i e tu r i t ir s s c-li dus n c mis n dc etas c-li toe rdc iisf c n y l ki n rg ado ec ad e dd h l kfl n hs pou ss nui e l a fl s t i ta i t fi t ml a nt w rnrg a o I s nte wrs“ n mu t a os os e s n y i e d go a a eut n t , o r od t t on o cnc u dci b s i r t li . i i h , aa t i io 3 . ll t t t e te gnyo e m”lc-l Ain , 8 F dt 5 S ma y h fcta Cnrs h aect p i s k i. s aa 73 . a78 i i r, ea h og s r t a fl t se f a ymn oe s c-laa fo i gn apo bino m b n n sge sh pci l e indl ki p tr mt ee l rh i o n i r d g ugs ta i cl t a fl r s r it sai t t Cnrs cn d e s c-i ai u se f a yo e drse bteF A n n m e y og s os e dl kfl ns e pci l t b ad sd yh D ad o e l e ir a l s i cl e t r 1 0 ais ne fm b n n Acr n y Pi i s nn uc oas c-lci sr nn ac o i r d g cod g, l nf ’ o- nin l ki l ma t sai. i l a tf f t l a fl a e d m sd i ie s s . C . Tt N W gt oa e e h l t i Pitf nxcn ntate e w g st mn o U lv ’ doo n a f s l nf e o ed h h n e h t e e s n nee s edr t r a e a is t t t t it a t i r a s e l. ( A ¶ 1 U lv agetatel gdic pn e b wete c an w g ad F C 4 ) nee rus h h aee d r ac s e en h a u e e h n . i r t l se i t tl t it ltd e w g oi pou sa w h te e m s lrne s bse b fd al w i e n e h nt rdc fl i i h p i i eag e a ihd yee la. s t it s t l tn r sb tl r ( k N 2 M mrnu o L wnSpo o D edns M in oD m s“ upr ] a D. o 0 e o d m f a i upr f e na ’ o ot i i [Spo ” t t . , a t f t t s s t, 1–1 TeF C a o s o“ aoa e a a os i w g, 1USC§ 6()ad h 01 ) h D Al wfrr snb v iin” n e h 2 ... 32b nte . l e l rt it , Nin Ist e fS nad adTcn oy“ I T,w c rg a s h p m s l a oa ni t o t d s n eho g ( NS ” h h eut te e i i e t l tu a r l ) i le r sb v iinnh cn x hs s bse p c etnadfrwai ads oraoa e a a oit s o e , a e a ihd r i s d s o h s ni n esnb. rt i tt tl es a r t t l Pi i s ocdta teNS s nad apy Opsina1) nta U lv ’ pou s l nf cneeh h I Tt d s p ( pot ,t 4ad h nee s rdc a tf t a r l io t i r t flw h teesnb v inen rae a ihd yNS.B Pi i scn nta a i i hraoa e a aci ev s bse b I T u l nf o ed h, l tn l r t l tl t a tf t t “ w i [ nee i cr ci st gh te NS]p ms e w g v iin n rdc, [ ]l U lv ]s o e nti ta h[ I T e i n e h a a oi pou s he i r r t an t r t t i t rt t n h gn hrg a os o e pts n n oaad y e ac neiig sl gd n o i iteeut n cn m a i e in n ss mi ud fl a aeei tn li t le t t l t t rl n l Pi i s C m a t”(d( mhs o ie) l nf ’ o pi . I e pa s mtd ) a tf ln . i t . Te us o te i we efd al w w c a o s o v iin w h a e a h qein hn s h h ee la, h hl wfr a a os i i c t n t , , tr r i l rt t n ri i ev, oe e s po bs h s m viin we te a ci e t b “ tn oa ad n ra nn h e rh i te a e aa os h ehyr l md o ei e in ” n t l t l s it rt r e a n t l “y e ac I spo ote ci sPi i si o y o e vJ Pne Cr ,N 1 ss mi ” n upr fh rl m l nf ce n Tr s. C eny op o 2 t t. t i a , a tf t l r . . a a f t C . 15 J T 21 W 1161 ND C. My, 03 adt ef l OiefAy i 10 ( S) 03 L 958 (.. a a 821) n S t o F. fc o t. v , l , Gn.TntHa haeCr , 2 F Sp 2 18 19 (..F. 05 Te o m cs e v e e e tcr op 40 . up d 28 24 SD l 20) hfr e ae . l . . , a . r cnen we ete p ia l y fs e abr c a d y afr astl wi a ae oc s h h h apcbi o a h o r t b Cion t ea ,n cs r tr l it f r s ee l i a cnen g e e y oig cn e e dd n m in oi m sSe o e, 03 W oc i j w r ca ns a b dc e o a o ot d i . e Tr s 21 L rn l t , i t s s r 1161a* Ide n ad s we est cnu e po c ol w a b rd yee l 958 t 4 t os o dr s h h t e os m r eina sr a e b fd a , . t e tra r tt e r r p e p o i c c m acsiehs ai uh e Teaecs cnenMd ae r m in ni u s nel toets ee . hlt ae oc se cr e t r t k s r tr r i 1 1 p e p o ad oc ds h “ e i nid a ota Cnrsi edd o re pst r m in n cn ueta t r s o n cin h og s n ne t p m t e e t l t he it t e t e ta l w ass f c otruh hi p mnt n fh Md a A. Tn , 2 F Sp 2 a a cue o ain hogte m e e a o ote e c e c” ee 40 . up dt t l ti ir t t . 19 Frh rao Tn dc nd oi m st ea ci s ote ucd g o Md a 28 ot sesn ee eie t d i stl wl mfrh “po n” f e c e . i , t l s s a a i ir r mu e e ci s I Isy n h g bu we efd al wl w amnfc r o e br mn l m d t as o i ao h h ee la a o s au t e f i s t a . . tn t tr r l a ur dus n cs ec die t yo eue su ig h U lv ’ ae t n a rg ad o mis e b al t rdc—a m ta nee sl ri sr t l re s n t i r t ao e die t—te e w g oi pou ssln ateeu s y w h teNS rne eb a l r e h n e h ft rdc, o og s hrs tt s i i h I T ag t it s t l a tn . Pi if te hvie i e n h gnee la t sge ta mnfc r s l n f, hn aednf d o i i fd al wo ugs h au t e at s , ti t n r t t a ur cnod wate aeeh U lv hs oe Nte hs h Cu. Ad n oe v R h an o h hyl gta nee a dn e h ate or n i Jns. a , t t l t i r . i r t , t 40US59 17) h Sp m Cu h d h aCion r e e mt g e a n w g 3 .. 1 (97 te ur e or e ta afr a u p ii c t n e e h , e t l t l i l r t n ri t i t v iin i maws re p d yee la bcuet i n a o frls o w g a a os n e a p m e b fd al w easi d o l w o “ s f e h rt t e t r d tl o it rs t gr m m s rls dr gh cu e f odir u o p cc ”w c U D eui fo ot eo u nte or o go dt b in r t e h h S A ln iu s i s si t ai , i rg a os e mtd I a503 Aa gu y hnt ea s ob d g e w g eut n p ie d t 3–2 n oos, e stl wfr d n n e h li rt . . . l lt ,a ii t i t v iintaa w h teag a o e b fd al wog t b p e p d swleei a a os h r i i hrnel wd yee la uh o e r m e a e, vnf rt t etn l r t e t l toe a a osri e in oss mi hs v iina n n oa r y e ac rt e tt l t t. S ma y iCre v Dee sGad c Ce mIc 45F Apx 1 15 9 C. i i r , na a. ryr rn Ie ra, n , 7 . p’ 13 1 ( h i ll r ’ . , t r 21) m mrnu d psin, h N t C c toc dd h at e a cue f c o 02( e o d m i ot )te i h i u cn ue ta st l w as oain a s io n ri l t at rg d g pou lb ea cni n “gT n F ”h cnie mrta z o uls ea i a rdc ae ds o a ig 0 r s a ta o a d o hn e b e rn t l tn a t t tn e r t s ta 0 g m ot nf cu n sr v FC p e p o TeF A eu etaa hn. r s fr s a o d o uv e D A r m in h D rq rd h 5 a a t l t i e t . i t pou “o a [ glsta 0 g m ot nf p s v gt “xrst s mu a rdc cni i ]e hn. r s fr s a e e i ”o ep s h a on s t t nn s 5 a a t r rn e i t z o” d P s mbyh cu, n sv a dt ccus eigw h hie iai u e . I r u a ta or ad ee l irt or da n i tednc s e r . e l t t r si t l t t l s, cn d e ade c d h ov u ps bi tafo c ma e w e e b al ke n os e d n r e ete b os o i l yh od o pn s e die t y ep g ir jt i s it t i r l re i ternf s n h r od b o h f g m n ret ao rpr ntate od cnie ht sa i te fos e w a a r i od o v d eoigh hfos o a d a t i l l a r i t t tn t nf. f Rd.Koe C ,N 1 C . 05DM )M N , 00 W 4607a* r sa C e v rgr o o 0 i 12 ( G ( A X)21 L 223 t 3 a t . . . v , (..C.Sp 221)Caaaa.Qae O sC , 5 F Sp 2 11 11 (.. CD a e., 00 hcnc v ukr a o 72 . up d 11 19 ND l t ; t . . , 1 2 C. 00 T em ea (rl gintaud fl gs n n oaog n t cn ote a 21) h e fc oaea o)h neii ii e in uh o o o r h l . r t l t t rl n tt l t t tl o c m U lv ’ m in oi m sht an w g ci ss h eo g n d u o e nee s o o t d i teol e e h l mi te fr r t . t . i r t s s t t ita r eae D . Ual N W gt sb e e h e t i Pi i sl mtate e w g lbig nU lv ’ doo n i mla n l nf ci h h n e h ae n o nee s edr t s i ed g a tf a t t it l i r as s i bcue o e fh doo n i“ medd netelscl fr (bd o w cte eas s m ote edr t se bde ud h p t pto m‘e’ n h h h a r ai a ) i doo nscstn” nitu uua e ( A ¶ 9 U lv ageta t te x n edr tt ks d ads hs nsb. F C 3. nee rus h, o h e e a i a l ) i r t tt ta Pi i sla ai a o ostl w h ci i p e p d eas fd al w eu e h l nf p d v lin ft ea, el ms r m e bcueee la rq rs t a tf e ot a t a e t r i o yh mnfc r s d c s n mrtatew g ote rdcec s e f s n ta au t e i l e o o hn h e h fh pou x u v oi l t a ur s o e it t li t pca n ( upr a 79 Se 5USC§ 41st gh ii “h ep si e o akg g Spo,t – ) e 1 ... 16 ( a nta ts te xr s n n f i. t . ti t e tt Cnrst sp sd a y n a l w oteSts .isf ate.. rv e ote og s o ue ee n adl a s fh t e. .no r s hy. po dfrh e r l a a i lbig fh n qa iy f o e s fh pcae fn cnu ec m o t ..w c.. ae n ote e unt ocn n ote akg oay os m o md y . h h. l t t tt r i i rq rifr a o df e fo ” ee la adeut n . l nf cneeh fd a eu eno mini e n r mfd al w n rg a os Pi i s ocdta ee l i t fr t r li ) a tf t r l w os oepcl rq rta“sb ” e w g b d c sd ( pot na1–1 a de n x it eu eh ua e n e h ei l e Opsi ,t 01 ) t li y i t l t it so . io . Is a te age h teF C a o s mnfc r s o up mnte n w g lb s n ed hyruta h D Al w au t e t sp e e h r e e h ae, t , t l a ur l t i t it l adh teF C rq rs akg go ea e os m s o bi acr eno min s o nta h D A eu e pca nt “nb cnu e t o a cu tifr a o at t i i l r tn a t te unt ote o e s n..t]ala v u c masn ”(d(u ig5USC h qa i fh cn n ad. [ fcit a e o p ios I qo n1 ... ty tt o it e l r . . t § 41 ) 15) . B nte otee o e insposPi i scs Tem ea tafd al w u e h fhs cn n os upr l nf ’ ae h e fc h ee la t i r tt t a tf . r t t r a o s o d a de n matai rq rs o d a . Ud te rt apoct l w mr ei os o en h t eu emr ei l e tl t t i e tl ne hsi e prah o r tcr F C p e p o t sa n do s l nf ’l m s cteF Ao dhvrg a d n D A r m in h l e o m Pi i sci ,i eh D cu aeeut i e t ,i o a tf a n l le i . . r e it , t sraSeB w n, 5F Sp 3 a36Ad vn ne temrln napoc h a . e ol g 6 . up dt 7 n e e ud h o e e prah i e Pi i s ua e e w g ci fl TeF A a po u a d eut n i tera f e l nf ’ sb n e h l m as h D hs r m g e rg a os n h a o n a tf l t i t a i. lt li e t w g ds ou s odus n cs ec,e 2 CFR§ 0 6(,f § 0 1(, n hs e h i c sr frrg ad o misse 1 ... 21 2 )(; 71 3 )ad a it l e t . a ) . a dc e n t rq r ua e e w g d c srs Asc ala oe orhs e us e e dd o oeu e sb n e h i l u . s uh tes n cu a p sa v y i t i l t it so e , t t r il 1 3 r e etel m h Pi i s rs h eSe be v Feh n ,N S C 1-07 (V) e c dh ci ta l nf p s e. e Enr. rs I c o A V 3047J S jt a t a tf e r . . , 21 W 9605a* (..C.Sp 1 21)seloB w n, 5F Sp 3 a367 03 L 703 t 6 CD a e. 1 03;e a , l t , s ol g 6 . up dt 7–7 i . (oc d g we teF A ai ud eu e e s d el o p n b dc nd n pe f cn u n h eh D hds e rq r mn “ rc y n o t u eie i s t o li, r s i t i t i t l , i ta tid a”h a aiu r ye fae n ws me m s l tateF A a h,on c e a p t l tp olbig ai p i i e h h D hd t i t t t rc a l r s b, t d e m etasclbigws o mla n) Pi i sae pt dt g s Enr ote e r i dh uhae n a n i ed g. l nf t m oii u h be n h t n t l t s i a tf t t s n i gontate aee h teo le w g ote edrn if s a aea o tate rudh hyl g ta ht an e h f h doo t sa e nl gin h h t l t t t it a s l, l t t Enr pi i si n mk B tai a ea t ci ,w c hsl ay eni m sd n be l nf d o ae u h s sp a l m h h a a ed be d i e o a tf d t . t t re a i r s s o e gons Pi i sua e e w g ci i acr n ya oi m sd t r rud. l nf’sb n e h l ms cod g,l d i e h a tf l t it a , il s s s . E . OhrC im te l s a F a y Pi i s o ed h U lv f s y d eiei doo n, n a o se i l, l nf cn n ta nee a e avrsdt edr t adl a r nl a tf t t i r ll t s as s st sv aci s nest c m ol w n u n () h U lv b ahd xrs w rne ee ll m ud t e o mna, c d g 1ta nee r ce ep s a a is r a ra ili t i r e e r t ic dd n h pou pca n ()h U lv md ng gn mrp snt ntruh n ue ote rdc akg g 2ta nee ae e ie i er e a os hog l t i; t i r l t s e ti i pou lbigad 3ta U lv ws n s y n ce b mla n rp snt n t rdc ae n n ()h nee a u ul er hd y i ed ger e a os s t l ; t i r jt i s i e ti oi pou lbig nt rdc ae n s t l . Aa e dei n ci l e wu n b p e p dfta bsd n dei n f s av tigl m i l o d o e r m eiiws ae o av tig l rs a ky l t e t rs aa fo te rdclbigr akg g T ss east F C de n cv nn p tr m h pou ae n o pca n. h i bcueh D A os o oe or t l i i e t r l lb av tig t oe o yhlbig f os m pou sSe oe 21 W ae dei n icv s n teae n o cnu e rdc. e Jv , 03 L l rs ; r l l r t 5305a* (o ig h “os m po c o ci s one ote f s y o st mn 476 t 5 h d ta cnu e r einl mfudd n h ] ai [ft e e s , ln t r tt a [ lt a t mdi av tiga n p e p d bteF C ) Jcsnv B acdHa hPos Ic aen dei n] r o r m e” yh D A ;ako . a ne e t rd, n, rs e t e t l l . . N 0 C . 54 CW 20 W 1294a* (..C. ue 020)( h e s ne f o 8 i 58 ( ) 09 L 654 t 4 ND a Jn 1 09 “ e xt c o . v , , l , T ie teF C de n c m el p c di u d aisr m seigl m o..a e h D A os o o pt y r l en r p t fo a r n ci s f.f s t l e e u j e re st a l av tig) B Pi i s ae o p ae fc sf c nt g eie o hif ecta dei n ” u l nf hv n l dda s ui e oi r t ten rneh rs .. t a tf t e t fi t v s e t ay fU lv ’ nn ae n av t e e s rf s Ide Pi i s ae o p aete n o nee s o- big dei mn a a e ned l nf hv n l dd h i r l l rs t e l . , a tf t e cn noayo U lv ’ nnae n av t e e s ea nf t d mnrig h o e f n f nee s o- big dei mn, tl ea s e os a n te tt i r l l rs t l o c tt 1 4 f s y fhs av t e e sorine n h mA o Pi i s wl p ae fc a ai otoe dei mn reac ote .l f l nf ’ e - edd a u lt rs t l l a tf l l tl aea osett “ big ad pca n ”Acr n y Pi i s f s av tig l ginr a ol e n” n “akg g cod g, l nf ’ a e dei n l t le a l i. i l a tf l - rs ci sr d m sd l ma i i e a e s s . Ad a tf w rn yng gn mrp snt nad n ser h e ci sr nPi i s a a t e ie i er e a o n u u n c mn l m a l nf ’ r , l t s e ti , jt i ta e p e p d o e e il te a eesn h te stl w a e dei n ci sr. r m e fr s na yh s mrao ta h rt ea f s av tigl m a e t s tl t i a l rs a e C m ol wos ost erq r mn ”w h tema n o F C p e p o Se o mna tr cni t “ u e e s i i h en g f D A r m in e t tu e i t tn i e t . B e, 4 USt43“Tht mrq r mn’. rahs eod ot e nc mn, uh a s 54 .. 4 ( ]ee ‘ u e e s..ece byn psi ea e ssc t a [ r ei t iv t t ast e adeut n t e b c c m o- w ue ” Ud e h v s n fh st u s n rg a os o mr e o mn a d is ) ne i e ei ote at li , a l t .. r t r ro gv n geas nad icse aoefd al w re p tee ass f c o. e oe i lg t d d u d bv ee la p m s hs cue oain Se rn la r s s , r e t t Hr wz.tye Cr , 1 F Sp 2 2125 EDNY20)Pi i sr m n g ooi vS kr op 63 . up d 7 8 (.... 09 l nf ’e a i t r . . , . a tf in ci sr te fr a oi m sd l m a h eo l d i e a e r es s s . F . Lae oAmn evt ed I a o n en h r pot n r f Pi i seuslaeo mni te vnta n fo o i te opsi b e l nf rqe evt a ed n h ee h tt i i o i, a tf t t t U lv ’ m ins o dn d nt e i t ( pot na2 n. A o Pi i sci s nee s o oi n e ei i nr y Opsi ,t 5. ) l f l nf ’l m i r t t i s t e. io 9 l a tf a r a ttelbig ad pca n” fU lv ’ pou sadfr hraos x a e et oh “ e n” n “akg g o nees rdc, n oteesn epi d le al i i r t , ln aoesc ci sr p e p d yee la. Bcuee ed g uhl m wu n bv uhl m a r m e b fd al w easrp a n sc ci s o d o , a e e t r l i a l t aetalg cn u o teCu cn uetaa ed e wu bf i. Laeo mn l rh ea oc s n h or oc ds h mn mn o d e ul evt a ed t t l li , t l t t l te ite fr dn d s h eo e e r e i. 1 5 I. I I Cn u o oc s n li Frhfrg n raos U lv ’ m in oi m s h Fs A eddC m a t ote o o gesn nee s o ot d i te it mne o pi ei , i r t s s r ln prunt R e 2b 6 i G A T D u a o u 1() ) s R N E. s t l ( TeC ek fori d e et c stem int ok n me 1 h l oCu si c d ol eh o o adce u b 8 r t rt o t t r . S O DRD O REE. D e Sp me 9 21 a d e e b , 05 t: t r N wYr N wYr e ok e ok , __________________ __________________ JP U O T E . AL EKN UtdStsDt cJde ne t e irt ug i a si 1 6

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