Zanfardino v. City of New York et al

Filing 61

MEMORANDUM AND OPINION: Defendants have filed a motion to dismiss the complaint under Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Because prosecutors are protected by the doctrine of absolute immunity under the circumstances alleged in the complaint and because Plaintiff fails to adequately plead the elements of his claims against the other Defendants, that motion is GRANTED. The Court recognizes that Plaintiff's opposition to Defendants' motion raises claims that ar e not pleaded in the second amended complaint, and the Court cannot as a result conclude that a further amendment on the basis of those additional asserted grounds for relief would be futile. Accordingly, the Court grants Plaintiff leave to amend the complaint to address the deficiencies identified in this opinion, with the exception of Plaintiff's false arrest and intentional infliction of emotional distress claims, which are being dismissed with prejudice. Any amended complaint must b e filed no later than 30 days from the date of this order. For the reasons stated above, Defendants' motion to dismiss the second amended complaint is GRANTED. The Clerk of Court is directed to terminate the motion pending at Dkt. No. 52. SO ORDERED. (Signed by Judge Gregory H. Woods on 2/3/2017) (anc)

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die cvigi ul a a s eads o mt a o a o a dw hte rsc os
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e ri t n f h p ea r” il , 9 . a16
t ni
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t
ss
e s le
fo stn h c e a d pnit ty g eo teG n J y ooigiiv t a o”
r m ui t s a b e uo h eii b r h r du fl w h nei t n
i
i s s
s sf n f e
a r l n s sgi
g e ta Pitf ci “i s olfo [ e cv Wsn]ei oy eo teG n Jr
i n h l nfsl m as s e r m D eie i o st tmn b r h r d u
v
t a i’ a re l y
tt
l ’ s
fe
a
y
i t s a. D. M ma78c nR bg. a , 3 S C 19(02.l nf ops
n h c e e e.t, (t ge e vPu 12. t 4721 )Pitf po s
i s” f
i
i hr
l
.
) ai
e
D eie Wsn mt n oi msi mi os rscinl m m ni nta “ a tf a
e cv i o s oo t d i h ac u po u o ci, a t n g h Pi i h
tt
l ’ i
s s s li
et
a
i ai
t l nf s
p d up s o oe dne yD eie Wsn r r oit tmni te rnjr .. a
l spr s n f v ec b e cv i o p ot h ei oyn h g du . bd
e
ei
i
tt
l
i
ss
a
y
fti h flrt r it v w h oh dv aesvn e bg o h o ad w sig
a hni au oe n r e te te r e f reet n as f e i n t oy ne
i
s i e - ei
r irt
e
rn
r s
w h q dw e oni h c sol a ete c dn .. n cnu ud tknn a ft
i l u e fudn e a hryf r h ac et . ad odc neaei bda h
tii r
r r t t
i
t r
i,
n m y h pou n oaw rn b D ednss] M ehnad Wsn o Pitf b o
a e te rcr g f a at y e nat [c eras n i o fr l nfsl d
l
i
r
f
’ i i
l
a i’ o
o yee tog te o rbni te te vhl hd en on p ot te pia o fr
n, vn huh h cnaadn h oh e c a be fud r r o h apcin o
l
t
r ie
i
lt
tew rnfrPitf b o..” P M ma5 Smay oPitf mi os rscin
h a at o l nfsl d.. l e.t. iir t l nfs ac u po u o
r
a i’ o
.
ll
a i’ li
et
ci aa s A A M ehn h wv, h gonss r dnPitf o ps o a bod
l m g n D eras o ee te ruda e ei l nfs pot nr rae
a
it
i
,
r
st
a i’
i
i e
r
ta t s a e ei te o pit h c m a tmk c atate as o Pitf
hn h es r dn h c m a ; e o pi ae l r h h bifr l nfs
o st
l nt
ln
se t
s
a i’
mi os rsc t nl m g n D eie WsnsD eie Wsn iv v mn n
ac u po ui ci aa s e cv i oi e cv i o sno e et a
li
e o a
it tt
l
tt
l ’
l
i
po cin a d pn nn c mn ot nd eas of st tmn ad h itel m h
rs u o b e uo aidt et bie bcu f aeei oy n ta s h ci ta
et
s
i
a
e l s
,
t
a
t
teCu w ad s
h or i dr s
tl
l e.
“ o u a a 18 ci o mi os rscinal nf ms d mnr e odc
T ssi § 93l m f ac u po u o pitf u e os a cnu
tn
a
li
et , ai
t
tt
t
bte e nat h itros nestl w n tar usn cni t nl cg zb
y h d ednta s oiu ud t ea ad h e l i a osti ay on a e
f
t t
ra
t st
tu o l
i l
dpvin f b t ”K z v a s , 1 F d 3 132 C 20.“ st al m ne
er a o oie y i e . c o 36. 19 4(d i 03 T t e ci ud
it
l r. nr J k n
3 ,
r
. ) oa
a
r
N wYrl w ot e o o mi os rscinal nf msso: 1tate e nat
e o a fr htr f ac u po u o pitf u h w( h h d edn
k
t
li
et , ai
t
) t
f
c m ecd r ot ud c m apoed g g n hm 2tate rce n w t m a d
o mne ocnne ar i l rce n aa s i; ) h h poed g a e i t
i
i n
i
it
(
t
i s r ne
i tel nf fvr 3tate w n poa e asfr h poedn ad4tate
n h pitf ao ( h h e a o rbb cu ote rceig n ( h h
a i’
s
;) t r s
l
e
;
) t
poed gw ist e w hmie” d
rce n a ni td i ac. I
i
s tu
t l
.
1
0

Te asne f rbb cu ia e etll mn oal m o mi os
h “b c o poa e as s n s nae et f ci fr ac u
e
l
e
s i e
a
li
po cin MCln. mh, 3 F d 3 152 C 20;c d Mn nlv Cyf Nw
rs u o ” cl avSi 49 . 17 4(d i 06ao a ae . i o e
et .
e
l
t
3 ,
r
. )cr
gi o t
l
Y k 62F d 4 1122 C 21 ( T e xtne f rbb cu ia o pt d es
o , 1 . 19 66(d i 00 “ ] e s c o poa e as s c m e e n
r
3 , r
. ) [ h ie
l
e
le f e
t al m fmi os rscinnN wYr ”(tin mtd “We,s e, g njr
o ci o ac u po uoi e o. ca o oie. h ea h ea r du
a
li
et
k) it
t )
r
r
a
y
idtd h pitf n hr eatrm aca e N wYrl wra s p s mt n f
n c tel nf o tee vnc i l h g e o a c t a r u p o o
ie
ai
l
i n
r,
k
ee
e
i
poa e astacn n b oe o e y v ectaten c mn ‘ ate rdc o
rbb cu h a o y e v c m b e dne h hidt et w h pou f
l
e t
l
r
i
t
i
s
t
f u pjr te up s o oe dne y h pieo oh pie odc ud tknn a
r d e u, h spr s n f v ec bte oc r te oc cnu neaei bd
a, r y
ei
i
l,
r l
t
r
ft’ B md v Cyo NwY k 70F d 6 372 C 21 (ut g e v Mt my
a h” e u z. i f e o , 9 . 38 7(d i 05 qo nGe . og e,
i. r e
t
r
3 ,
r
. )
i rn
no r
29F d 26(dC 20 )
1 . 5 02 i 00
3 ,
r
. )
.
“nebg. a k.. h Sp m Cu anucd h bgt nr e h a rnjr
I R e vPu .te ur e or none te r hie u ta g du
hr
l
e
t
i l l t a
y
w n s n u n aa efre et fc,h as u i mnyr m n §93l m a d
i e, c d g l w no mn oie‘a bot m u tfo ay 18 ci b e
t si l i
c
f r s
le
i
a
s
o tew n s ei oy eeitat tmni pjr u”Cgs.B n a 76F d 0 12
n h i e’ s mn’ vnf h ei oys e u os oi v u o , 7 . 18 1
t s tt
,
ts
r i . gn
or
3 ,
(dC 21 (ut gebg. a k 12.C 19 10(02.“ hR bg Cu te b
2 i 05 qonR e vPu , 3 S t 47 5621 ) Te hr or h ey
r
. )
i hr
l
. ,
)
ee
t r
ep sy x ne t g njr w n s,n u n pie fc s h s mi mny h hd
x el e edd o r du i e e ic d g oc oie, ea e m u tta a
rs t
a
y t ss l i l f rt
i t
p v uy en n yd yw n s ata”I
r i s be e oe b i e e trl d
e ol
j
t s s i. .
T te x nta Pitf mi os rscinl m g n D eie Wsns a d
o h e et h l nfs ac u po u o ci aa s e cv i oi b e
t
t a i’ li
et
a
it tt
l
s
uo D eie Wsn g njrt tmn i ms b d msdslayi av ote u
pn e cv i o sr du ei oyt u ei i e a c r vlie f hr e
tt
l ’ a
ys
,
t
ss
el ot
l
stdnebg Ad o h e et h Pitfekt h dD eie Wsn a e a d pn
t ei R e . n t te x nta l nfses o o e cv i ol b b e uo
a
hr
t
t ai
l tt
l il s
h cnu iiv t a nte c dn sp a ad p tr mh g njrt tmn b e
i odc nnei t g h ac et ea t n aa fo i r du ei oy a d
s
t
sgi
i , re
r
s a
ys
, s
uo tea slaei te o pit h ci msa o ei msd Pitf a p ae
pn hfc p ddn h c m a , a l m u l b d i e l nf h l dd
t e
l nt t a
ts
s s . ai s e
ta D eie Wsnae t aeu e iv t a las o t g o o nay xu ao
h e cv i o fld o dqal nei t ed p n nt pt tl ec p r
t tt
l
i
t y sg e
ii
e il
lty
e dneic d g h dus n du p ah nifudn M Rh s a B taaee
v ec n u nte rgad rg a pe aa oni s o f c. u h l gd
i , li
r rl
. l r t tl
’
di eci D eie Wsn iv t a o de nt ost e h spr s n f v ec w h
ec nyn e cv i o snei t n o ocni tte up s o oe dne i i
fi
tt
l ’
sgi
s
tu
ei
i
tn
tema n oc ea ad s nte r u p o o poa e astaaah t a rnjr
h en g f a l w dr s g h p s mt n f rbb cu h t ce o g du
i
s
ei
e
i
l
e tt s
a
y

1
1

idt etadPitf a ntlae ta D eie Wsn tewe c dn a ft
n c mn n l nf h o p dd h e cv i o oh i a ei bda h
i
,
ai s
e
t tt
l
rs t
i.
Pitf mi os rscinl m g n D eie Wsnsi msd
l nfs ac u po uo ci aa s e cv i oi d i e
a i’ li
et
a
i t tt
l
ss .
B DePoesCim
. u rcs l
a
Te o pits r al m o“u poe v lin” ne§93 g n A A
h c m a a es ci fr de rc si a os ud 18 aa s D
l n st a
s ot
r
it
M ehn o te rud h se koig inr de dnen h cs d o teN P ad
eras n h gon ta h “n w l goe v eci te u oy f h Y D n
i
t
ny
[] i
t
”
D eie Wsn w c r uei Pitf b n ca e w h h c miin f c m a
e cv i o h he l dn l nf“e g h gd i te o ms oar i l
tt
l , i st
ai i
r
t
so
i n
o es w hu biil w r a. C m. 2 T sl mms b d msdno rs
f n s i o asna o fc” o p ¶ 8 h ci u ei i eisf ai
f e t t s
t
l . i a
t
ss
a t
caeg A A M ehn p snt n f h c e o h g njr w cia uc o frw c
hlne D eras r eti ote a t te r du, h hs fnin o h h
l s
i
’ e ao
s
a
y i
t
i
A A M ehniet e t as u i mny Sm , 2F dt 7 Pitf ci aa s
D erass nt d o bot m u t io 77 3 a11 l nfsl m g n
i
i
l
le
i.
n
.
. a i’ a
it
A A M ehnfr u poe vlini d msd
D eras o de rc si a ossi i e
i
s ot
ss .
C Fs Ae
. ae r s
l rt
Pitf a bogt fs a e ci aa s D eie Wsnae nta D eie
l nf h ruhaaer s l m g n e cv i o l g g h e cv
ai s
l rt a
it tt
l ,li
t tt
Wsn u afl a e[d ..Pitf a d pn nn c mn w c w ot nd y n
i o “n wuyr se . l nf b e uo aidt et h h a bie b ad
l
l l rt ]
ai s
i
i
s a
w hkoig fst tmn r u ni ..a m oPitf C m. 2 T sl mms
i, n w l aeei oy e l gn .h t l nf” o p ¶ 7 h ci u
t
ny l s
, st
i
r
a i.
l . i a
t
b d msdbcu icaeg a e o o d ein usqet o hi une f h g n
ei i e eas t hlne pid f e n o sb unt tes ac ote r d
ss ,
e
l s r
tt
e
s
a
jridt eta e o w c cno aamt o a, ost eaer s
u n c mn pid h h ant s ae f wcni tfs a e.
y i
, r
i
,
tr l
tu l r t
D eie Wsna us h Pitf fs a e ci i ntib bcu Pitf
e cv i o r eta l nfsaer s l ms ov l eas l nfs
tt
l
g
t a i’ l r t a
ae
e a i’
“ r t cu e a elg poe hdsudn m y h G n Jridt et ad h aa
a e ocr df rea rc s ai e a e te r d u n c mn n ta s
rs
r t
l
s
s ,
l
a
y i
”
t
r u “ a tf ci .. ei mi os rscin D. M ma1 Ate ur m Cu
e l Pii’ l m .lsn ac u po u o ” e e.t 1 s h Sp e or
st l nfs a
,
i
li
et . f
.
e
t
h epie “l i psn et ost o d et nw hu eapoe ” n aaeu “
a x a d fs mr o mncns f e n o i o lg rc s ads r l a
s l n , ae i
is
t i t t l
s
st
,
fsi psn et ns ne h vtm eo e h duun ou pcs” aa v Ko, 4
ae mr o mned octeii bc m e psa ts hre. Wle. a 59
l
i
c
s l r t c os lc
t
U. 8 3920.“ h et, n wud et n om p t fte a aefr h ete
. 34 8(07 Te a e u af e n o frs a o h d mg ote nr y
S ,
)
r fr l l t i
r
s
il
dt ctr o mi os rscin w c r mds e n o ac ma e nt y b ne f
ii t o f ac u po uo h he e e d et n co pn d o b as c o
sn t
li
et , i
i t i
i,
e
lg poe, u bw nu nti o eapoe , ad[f h es fs a e ci,
ea rc sb y of ituo f g rc s” n “ te iaaer s l m
l
s t r gl s tn l l
i
s
i r
]
l rt a
d mg fr h ci cv te m o d et n p n i une f rc s rrin et..
a ae ota l m oe ht e f e n o u ut s ac o poe oa a mn .”
s
ta
r i
t i
i s
l
s
rg
.
1
2

I a30ao Sg v Ft CySr , 3F d 1 172 C 19 ( y cl aw rne
d t 9 cr i e . uo n. hi 6 . 10 1(d i 95 “ p ay a ats
.
; c d nr ln t ef
f
3 ,
r
. ) T i l, r l s
dpvin f b tfo tem mn oa e t te m oa a n etw f d s n oi
er a o oie yr m h o et fr s o ht e fri mn i i i aa gn
it
l r
rt
i
rg
l nt l
l
te o ofs a e ..wlte o o mi os rscinw i pc e o-r g mn
htr faer s . he htr f ac u po u o i mia psa a n et
t l rt
i
t
li
et
l l t tri
l
dpvin oie y)
er a os f b t ”
it
l r..
Bcu Pitfl g ta h w d a e b D eie Wsno yf r h g njr
eas l nfaee h e a ei d y e cv i o n a ete r du
e ai l s t
s tn
tt
l
l t
a
y
i ud hidt et— dw te fr o y eie psa tlapcs hfc aeei
s e ten c mn a a h eo n d a d uun o g re—tea sl gdn
s
i
n s r e l t n r t el os
t l
te o pit ant o m h bifr ci ofs a e.Pitf ci fraer s
h c m a cnofr te as oal m faer s l nfsl m ofs a e
ln
s
a
l r t a i’ a
l rt
aa s D eie Wsns si e Mroe bcaste po e w h Pitf] as] f
g n e cv i o id msd o v, e u h “rb m i [ a i’ cu [o
it tt
l
i s . e r
e
l
t l nfs
e
ain fraer s s sb at e “ee p a n w nt u i ad [eed gwu
c o” ofs a e i “us nv ”b t l d g i ocr t n “]la n o d
t
l rt
t i , tr e i l
l
e”
rp i
l
tu bfi. C c v Mtu , 2 F d 9122 C 20. Acr n y h Cu dns
hs e u e uc . o s u 22. 9 1(d i 00 cod g, e or e e
t ” oo
l
r g
i
3 ,
r
. )
ilt
t i
Pitfevt a edwhepc t h ci fraer s ad h ci i d msdw h
l nf ae o mn i r et oi l m ofs a e, n t sl msi i e i
a il
t s
sa
l rt
i a
ss
t
pjd e
ruc
e i.
D Cim Aan teC y f N wYr
. l s g s h i o e ok
a
it
t
Pitfa os r viuci s g n teCy fN wYr b e uo tel gd
l nf l a e sa osl maa s h i o e o, a d pn h aee y
a i s st r
a
it
t
k s
l l
u af ain o A A eras adD eie Wsn
n wu c os f D M ehn n e cv i o
l lt
i
tt
l .
1 Ng gn Hi g Tann / uevi n
. el et i n / r i g S pr so
i
r
i
i
Pitfaeetatei o N wYr il b ud stl w o“eiel h n
l nf l g h h Cy f e o s a ene t ea fr nggnyi g
ai l s t
t
k il
ra
l t r ,
i
ti n s en gsp vig n/rnrc n”D eie Wsn n A Aeras. C m.
r n g c e n uei n adois uig e cv i o ad D M ehn
ai , r i , r s
t t
tt
l
i
op
l
¶ 3 3 “om ni al m g nt mniae p y fr h‘ ggn h n ti n ad
¶ 3 5 T a t n ci aa s a u c l m oe ote eie i g r n g n
, .
ia
a
i
ip
l r
n l t r , ai ,
i
r et noa ofao ud N wYrl wal nf msso tate m oe a e
e n o f tre r ne e o a, pitf u h w h h e p ye c d
t i’
t s
r
k
ai
t
t
l
t
‘uie h soe f ee p y et”ez.Cyf NwY k, 3 F d 2 1672 C
o s tecp o h m o mn Vev i o e o 70. 18 33(d i
td
r l
. l
’
t
r
3 , r
.
21 (ut g uvh.Cyf NwY k N 0c- 4( E)20 W 137 a*
03 qo n Gecv i o e o , o 6v 66 G L 08 L 175 t 6
)
i ri
t
r
. - 1
,
,
( DNYJn1 20 ) “ te m oe a e wh te cp o h e p y et h
S ...a 0 08 I h e p ye c d ii h soe f e m o mn te
.
. , ) f
.
l
t tn
r l
,
e p y ad h e p ye sp v o my e e l b fr h e p ye nggne n
m oe n te m oes ue i r a b h d a e ote m oes eiec o y
l r
l ’
rs s
l il
l ’ l
l
ud a ho o rp dturr I
ne ter fe o e spi. d
r
y s n a eo ” .
1
3

Pitf ci aa steCyfr eieti n ti n s en gsp vig n/r
l nfsl m g n h i o nggn h g r n g c e n ue i n ado
a i’ a
it
t
l
r , ai , r i , r s
i
is uigD eie Wsn n A A M ehn msfl otei p rao ta h h nt
nrc n e cv i o ad D eras u a fr h sm ee n h e a o
t t
tt
l
i
ti
l s
t
s
aee a ee a e mn osc al m h eh D edna e o s e h soe fi o
l gd nc s yl e f uh ci —ta i e e nat c d ui te cp o h r
l
sr e t
a
tt r f
t td
s
h e p y et Pitf ci fr eieti n ti n s en gsp vinad
e m o mn l nfsl m o nggn h g r n g c e n ue i o n
r l
. a i’ a
l
r , ai , r i , r s ,
i
is uing n teCysi msd
nrc oaa s h i i d i e
t t
it
t
ss .
2 Itn oaIfc o o Emt n Dtes
. n t n ni i n f o oa i rs
e i l lt
i l s
Pitflol g tateCys a e o“eiet h n ti n s en g
l nfa aee h h i il b fr nggnyi g r n g c e n
ai s l s t
t il
l l r , ai , r i
i
sp vig n/rnrc n”A A M ehn o te as h sc nggne r uei te
ue i n adois uig D eras n h bita uh eiec “ stdn h
rs
t t
i
s t
l
el
itn oa n c o oe ooadt s uo tePitf C m. 3 1 Smay Pitf
n t n if t n f mt n ir s pn h l nf” o p ¶7 iir, l nf
ei l l i
i
i l se
a i.
l .
ll a i
aeetateCys a etruh h dcie fR pne Spirfr h ain o A A
l g h h i il b “hog te o r o e oda ue o ote c os f D
l s t
t il
tn
s
t r ”
t
M ehn w c “ stdn hitn oa n co oe o oadt s u o Pitf I
eras h h r uei ten t n if t n f mt n ir s pn l nf” d
i
i el
ei l l i
i
i l se
a i. .
¶ 9 F ay a huh o uhl m a be p aew hepct ay odc D eie
3 i l ,l og n sc ci h enl ddt r e o n cnu e cv
. nl t
a
s
e
i s t
t tt
Wsnn h c m a tPitf ops o st ta“ pat o mn md bl w
i oi te o pi,l nfs pot nt e h f pnc m et ae ya
l
l n a i’
i
i as t l
i
s
efre etf r u ntePitfnoin g eaoh cn nfr fri md a
no mna e dp g h l nf t s i y nte os t o m o h e c
c
t
i
a ii
gn t
r e
s il
rcrs cni t cnu tah “ sb atl rbbt ocu n sv e mt n
eod” ost e odc h a a us napoaly f as gee e o oa
tu s
t ts
t i
i
i
i
r
i l
dt s” P Opa6 Pitf itnoa n c o ci ms b d msd oflrt p a
ir s l p t. l nfsn t n if t nl m u ei i e frau ol d
s e. . .
a i’ e i l l i a
i
t
ss
i e e
tateD edn eggdn ui et e r mad uaeucnu.
h h e nat naei sfc ny x e e n o rgos odc
t
f
s
fi l t
t
t
D mg frn noa n c o oe o oadt sa aaa e ne N wYrl w
a ae oit t n if t n f mt n ir sr vlb ud e o a
s
ei l l i
i
i l se e i l
r
k
we a e nat naei “x e e n o rgos odc w c s t n edte ons f
h e d ednegg n e r m ad uaeucnu, h h or s ns h bud o
r
f
s
t
t
t i
ac
dcny os o eeaddsto os nit e b i ail e sct ”Tl v S
eecs at brg e aa c uadnor l n cizd o e. ue . G
r
ri
lae
v
i
i y ry I
L kwna n , 7 F d 4 172 C 21 (ut g eor.Hr C p 6 NY d 3
a aan I. 74. 10 5(d i 04 qo nFif v es o. 5 .. 15
c
,c
3 ,
r
. )
i rhe
at r ,
2 ,
1318 (utinm k oie ) “ o rvl n uh ci, pitfmse aih h
4(95 qot
)
a o a s mtd T p a o sc al mal nf u s bs ta
r
t )
.
ei
a
ai
t tl
t
1TeCu tk n ps o o we ea mnia y m bl b f i e i n i lt n f m i n dt s o
h or ae o ot n n h h
t s
i
i
t r u c l a e a e o n n oa n c o oe ooa ir s n
i pi
t y il r t t l f i
i
t l se

te as f s w nggne T s u t n ed o b ad s d e, easteCu ia eigweh te
h bi oi o n eiec h qei ne nt e dr s h ebcu h or ss s n h e h
s t
l
. i so
ee r
e
t ss
tr
cnu o A A M ehna d D eie Wsn h mle a e p ye oteCywo l bt cu b
odc f D eras n e cv i o te s v, s m oe f h i hs i i y o d e
t
i
tt
l
e s
l s
t
e al
i
l
ar u d o h Cy u unt te o r e fepne spircu fr te as f hi et n ifc o
ti t t te i pr at o h dci or oda ue o o d o m h bi oten n oa n t n
tb e
t s
tn
s
t r, l
s
t i l li
i
ci s h Pitf a p ae
l mta l nf h l dd
a
t ai s e .

1
4

te w ‘x e e n o rgos odc tate odc w ud tknw h n nt cu,
h e a e r m ad uaeucnu, h h cnu a neae i ‘ t t o as
r s t
t
t t
’
t s r
tie
e
o drg d f sb atl rbbt ocu n sv e mt n dt s ad h te odc
ri ea oa us napoaly f as g ee e o oa ir s n ta h cnu
s r
t i
i
i
i, r
i l s e,
’
t
t
d i fccu sv e mt n dt s”I a17 8 qo nHw v NYPtC , 1NY d
i na as ee e ooa ir s d t 5- (ut goe . .. o o 8 ..
d
t e r
i l s e. .
5
i
l
l
s .
2
151119 )s aot o.Fs mn14F d 2 872 C 19 ( ne N wYrl wa
1 2(93 e l Stv l h a 6 . 80 2(d i 99 “ d e o a,
,
) es u
;
e
i ,
3 ,
r
. )U r
k
ci frn noa n co oe ooadt srq r a h w g f1e r m ad
l m oit t n if t n f mt n ir seue soi o( x e e n
a
ei l l i
i
i l se
is
n
) t
o rgos odc ( itnt cu, reks drg d f sb atl rbbt ocu n
uaeucnu;2 n t o as orc e i ea oa us napoaly f as g
t
t ) e
e
ls s r
t i
i
i
i,
sv e mt n dt s ( a as cnein ewe te odcad hi u; n ( sv e
ee e ooa ir s 3 cul onc o b en h cnu n ten r ad4 ee
r
i l s e; )
a
t
t
t
jy
) r
e o oadt s”
mt n ir s )
i l s e. .
“h h te odcaee mye oa y eeadds o x e e n o rgoss
We e h cnu l gd ara nb brg e as e r m ad uaeua
tr
tl
s l
r
t
t
t p m rcv ys mt fr h cu t d e m e n hfs n ac”St, 6 F dt
o e i eoe ia ae ote or o e ri i teit s ne t o 14. a
rt
r
tr
t
t n
rit . u
3
87 Mroe itnoa n c o oe o oadt sia h h dfvrdtr ud N w
2 o v, n t n if t n f mt n ir ss “ g yi ao [ t ne e
. e r
ei l l i
i
i l se
i l s e o]
r
Yrl w Tl , 7F da18 qo nNiv C bn NA, 0 FSp 2 33355
o a, ue 74 3 t 5 (ut g v . i ak .. 17. up d 3 44
k ” ry
.
i en t ,
i
.
, ( DNY20 )ad “ t b noe o ys l teo. I (ut g Iy v Mnaa
S ... 00 ni i o e vkd n aaa r r” d qo nMnr . ahtn
.
)
, ts
i
l
s st .
i cte
t
F d LcnMcu,n 26AD d 6 201 Dp 19 )
o, i o -r r I. 5 .. 29 7(s et 98.
r nl e y c
,
2 ,
t ’
)
H e h Cu a e whteCy h “ ]n otel gini te o pite ol
e, e or g e i h i ta [ oe f h aea osn h c m a r mty
rt
t rs t
t t n
l t
ln
e
apoc si y gteeui “ ad d f x e e r uaeucnu. D. M ma1
prahasi ” hrq se s na oe r m o o rgos odc” e e.t 3
tf n
it t r
t
t
t
f
.
W hepct te odc o A A M ehn Pitf a ntdnf d n o h a s h w e
i r e o h cnu f D eras l nf h o et e ay f e c ta e
t s t
t
i
, ai s i i
i
rt t r
“x e e n o rgos w h tema n ogv n g a l wad h Cu i up p e t
e r m ad uaeu” ii h en g f oe i c ea, n te or s nr a d o
t
t
tn
i
rn s
t
er
acpte we n poot ni pei te o pit h A A M ehn pru oa
cet h s ep g rps o, midn h c m a , a D eras u i f n
i
i
i
l
l nt t
i
’ st
u m e usce f poeuo w c rc vd us nap scv aecni t sc
l al nuc su rscin h hee e sb atl r s oe g ost e uh
t ty
i
sl
t , i
i
t i e
r , tu s
cnu bi e . erteCu t acpta ps o ee c m ad edn wu hv a
odc y sf W e h or o cet h ot n v yr i l e nat o d ae
t tl
t
t i , r i n f
i
l
v b ci frn noa niin f mt n dt s
i l l m oit t n ifc o oe o oa ir s
ae a
e i l lt
i l s e.
Mroe t te x n Pitfwu p nt A A M ehn aee sbra o o
o v, o h e et l nf o d o t o D eras l gd uonin f
e r
t
ai
l i
i
’l
t
pjr oaee w hoig f xu ao e dner m h g njr mr sef ay ta
e u rl gd i h d oec p r v ecfo te r du, o pc cl h
r y l
t ln
lty i
a
y e i l, t
i
cnu de nt rv e sfc n bifr h ci e h, eas “ne N wYrl wa
odc o o po d a ui et as ot sl mi e bcu ud e o a, n
t s
i
fi
s
i a tr
e
r
k
1
5

itn oa n c o tr mybivkd n aaa r o .. o rv eeei to
n t n if t n o a‘enoe o ys l te r .t po dri n hs
ei l l i
i
t
l
s st
i lf
e
cc m ac we t d oa hoe orcv y o o ”S m vB s , 0 F d 4 26
i u s ne h er i n ters feoe d nt a o . l e 82. 29 5
r t s r at l
i
i
r
. l n er
’
s
3 ,
(dC 21 (t n ca os mtd T s odc mr aport y o mte as f
2 i 05 i e a it n oie. h cnu o prpalfr s h bi oa
r
. ) n r l ti
t ) i
t e
ie
s
mi os rscinl ma e oe o w c A A M ehniet e ti mny S
ac u po uo ci,l i nfr h h D erass nt d o m u t e
li
et
a
bt
i
i
i
l
i. e
S m , 0 F dt 5( B cu o etrr mdsw e vlb [ a tfteirt or
a o 82 . a27“ ] as t r o e e e e aaa e pi i, h dtccu
l n
3
[e e h t
i r i l l nf]
si
t
cr cyi msdiitnoa n c o ci.; hm v CyoP nm 22FSp 2 21
o el d i e h n t n if t nl m)T a . n.f u a , 6 . up d 4
rt s s
s ei l l i a ” o s t
i
t
.
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21SDNY20 ( Sne h cnu c m a e o s no p sdnl nfsl m fr
5( ... 03 “] cte odc o pi d f ec ma ei pitf ci [ o
.
) [i
t
ln i
s
a i’ a ]
mi os rscin. pitf ci frn n oa n c o oe o oadt s ms b
ac u po uo..l nfsl m oit t n if t n f mt n ir s u e
li
et
a i’ a
ei l l i
i
i l se
t
d msd)s aoE bv Cyf NwY k N 1c- 9 H)21 W 4692a*
i i e ” e l l y. i o e o , o 5v 0(W P 06 L 376 t 4
s s .; e s l
e
t
r
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,
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( DNY Ag1 21 ( Bcu tel gin ud g d g h ci [oitn oa n c o
S ... u 1 06 “eas h aea os nei i t sl mfrn t n if t n
.
., )
e
l t
rr n i a
ei l l i
i
oe o oadt s a tea es hs spoig pitf]aer sadFu h
f mt n ir s r h s m ato upr n[ a i’ fs a e n or
i l s e] e
e
t l nfs l r t
t
A ed etl m h ci frn n oa n co oe o oadt s ms b d msd)
mn mnci s i l m oit t n if t n f mt n ir s u ei i e ”
a ,sa
ei l l i
i
i l se
t
s s ..
AfrD eie Wsn c m et h Pitf a “ee g aa y, al m a d
s o e cv i o s o mnta l nf hd bt e l we” ci b e
tt
l ’
t ai
tr t
r
a
s
uo t se aka s o e e A N wYr cus aemd c a te odcc m a e o
pn h r m f e n bt r s e o or hv ae l r h cnu o pi d f
i
r r
t.
k t
e,
t
ln
“ u cns o mrta m enus n g ts n anyne” n al mi d msl
ms ost f o hn e ist id n ead noac ad ci “ i ii e
t i
e
r l, i i
i
s
a s s sb
u e tel mreaaeu oac ma n f a s mn oitm a o’ 14 M br S
ns h ci as s r l f ‘a p g o h a et rn i t n” 6 ueyt
ls
a is
st
i
rs
i di .
lr .
C pv Cu b Uv, AD d 95(s Dp 20 (ut gar.G. Mo C p, 0
o.. o m a n 4 .. 4 61 et 04 qo nNd v e or o. 37
r
l i i
.
3 ,
t ’
)
i
e
n ts r
NY.d 4 6417 ) ao M g bvS t & W ma,.. 33F Ap 57502 C
.. 2 67 5(90 cr ar e. e e
S
,
) c d ra
;
xr
a fs PC 5 . p x 4 5(d i
rl h ,
’ ,
r
.
20. D eie Wsn sar m k h Pitf a “ee g aa y ” antaamt o
09 e cv i o st ye a ta l nf hd bt e l we cno s ae f
) tt
l ’ r
r t ai
tr t
r
,
tr
l wcni t cnu w c my o m h bi oa on a el m oitn oa n c o o
a, ost e odc h h afr te as f cg zb ci frn t n if t n f
tu
t i
s
i l a
ei l l i
i
e o oadt s ad h ci msfl
mt n ir s n t sl m u a
i l s e,
i a
ti
.
Pitf ci frn noa n c o oe o oadt saa s h Cysi msd
l nfsl m oit t n if t n f mt n ir s g n te i i d i e
a i’ a
ei l l i
i
i l se i t
t
ss .
Fr e mr bcu Pitfslo u u gl mfrmi os rscin g n A A
u h o, eas l nf a pr i ci s o ac u po u o aa s D
tr e
e a ii s s n a
li
et
it
M ehnadD eie Wsnibtfrn noa n c o oe o oadt s b e uo
eras n e cv i o l i y oit t n if t n f mt n ir s a d pn
i
tt
l , al
i
ei l l i
i
i l se s
te cnu ifrc sds mt o a, n lae o mn w hepct Pitf
hrodc s o l e aa ae f wad evt a ed i r e o l nfs
i
t
eo
tr l
t s t a i’
1
6

itn oa n c o ci i dn dPitf itn oa n c o oe o oadt s ci i
n t n if t nl ms e e l nfsn t n if t n f mt n ir sl ms
ei l l i a
i
i . a i’ e i l l i
i
i l se a
te frd msdw h r u c
h eo i i e i pjd e
r es s
t e i.
3 Rs o da S pr rL bi
. ep ne ue o i it
t
i
a ly
F ay h c m a ts r tateCys a etruh h dcie fR pne
i l, e o pi a es h h i il b “ og te o r o e oda
nl t
l n st t
t il h
tn
s
t
Spirfr h ain o D eie Wsn w c r uei teaer s d et n
ue o ote c os f e cv i o “ h he l dn hfs a e, e n o
r ”
t
tt
l
i st
l rt t i ,
poo ahade ce o Pitfpbc uia o ad ma a mn e o oadt sad
htg ps n sa h f l nf ui h m t n n e b r s et mt n ir s n
r
r s
a i, l
li
i
rs
, i l se
tenu ec o mn a d mg. C m. 3 R a d, h c m a ts r tateCys
hicr ne f oe r a ae ” o p ¶9 et l te o pi a es h h i i
r
ty
s
l . le y
l n st t
t
l b “hog te o r e fR pne Spir bcu te c os fA A M ehnad
i l truh h dci o e oda ue o eas h ain o D eras n
ae
tn
s
t r ”
e
t
i
D eie Wsn r ue i ten noa n co oe o oadt s u o Pitf.. I
e cv i o “ std n hit t n if t n f mt n ir s pn l nf .” d
tt
l
el
ei l l i
i
i l se
a i.
.
¶ 1 Ayt mt o o teCy a e ote cos fD eie Wsnash wv, eas
4 n ae pt h d h i l b fr h ain o e cv i o fl o ee bcu
.
t
l
til
t
tt
l
i,
r
e
Pitf a ntlae a udl ntraa s D eie Wsn frw c teCy o d e
l nf h o p dd n ney g o g n e cv i o o h h h i cu b
ai s
e
ri
t it tt
l
i
t l
h dia os l b.
e v r uy a e
l ci l i l
“] cna t ci s ruh ud 4 U.. 18 r pne spiribt de
[ n ot s ol m bogt ne 2 . C§ 93 e oda ue ol i y o
I
rt a
r
S
, s
t r al
i
s
ap t ci s ruhud N wYr st l w A n v Cyf NwY k N 1c- 7
p y ol m bogt ne e o t ea. p t . i o e o , o 4v 98
l
a
r
ka
” oe t
r
. - 3
( K 21 W 5984a*( DNYSp 2 21 (oeig a s Ud ta dcie
KM) 06 L 345 t 7S ... et 6 06 clc n c e. ne h o r ,
,
,
.
., ) lt
s)
r t tn
a e p y cn e e “ ciuy a e otr c mie b a e p ye c n w h te
n m oe a b h d v a os l b fr os o mtd y n m oe aigi i h
l r
l ir lil
t
t
l
t tn
soe f m o mn . sln ate oiuc nu i gn ay o s a e n a a r
cp oe p y et . oogs htros odc s eel fre b ad n ul
l
.
t
t
rl e e l
ta
ic et f h e p y e. RCRl HdgC pv R ui F niI.C , 7 NY.d,n dn ote m o mn” J et oi o.. e b r knn o 77 .. 2 46
i
l
t
ay l n r
pl a l s .
c
S
720 (tin nit n qot nm k oie.Pitf ci frepne spir
(04 ca o adn ra uti a s mtd l nfs l m or oda ue o
) it
e l ao r
t ) a i’ a
s
t r
l bt aa steCymsb d msdh wv,n mc aa ci s g n D eie Wsn
i i y g n h i u ei i e o eeia uhsl l maa s e cv i o
al
i it
t
t
ss ,
r s
la
it tt
l
a b n d msdad h ess r u n udl ntruo w c t b e uhia os
r e g i i e n te iaae l o ney g o pn h h oa sc v r u
e i ss ,
r
st
ri
t
i
s
ci
l bt S e ,om v Cc Ph ,N 1c- 1( A)21 W 2581a*0SDNY
i i y e . T e . e o’i
al . e g o r l s p o 1v 55 P E 02 L 933 t 1( ...
i ,.
l
. - 7
,
,
.
J y 021 ( T st al m or pne spir g n [h e p y]tel nf“ u
u 2 02 “ ] t e ci fre oda ue oaa s te m oe” h pitf ms
l , )[ oa
a
s
t r
it
l r
ai
t
p a a udrig o aa s[ e m oe])ed Cv Ut Mhi Cuh, AD d 07
l d n ney tr g n t e p ye ”W e .. n d eos hc 6 .. 14
e
ln t it h
l .; n
i
e td
t r
3
,
15( hDp 20 (I t asne f n woguoainb udl n cnu b
024 et 04 “nh b c oay rn l r c oa e ney g odc y
t
’
)
e e
f
t l
ri
t
1
7

d edn Tte cn e o mot n fia os aly g n ayl gd m oe o
e nat . h e a b ni ps o o v r ul bt aa s n aee e p y r
f
, r
i
i
ci ii
i it
l
l r
p n p o d edn Tprunt te o r e fepne spir)
r c a f e nat . u at o h dci or oda ue o”
iil
f
s
tn
s
t r ..
E Lae oAmn
. ev t
ed
Pitf aaed a eddi c m a t w e Nv tes i t si u “ ts h
l nf h l ay mne h o pi ti . ee h e,n h cct [ ite
ai sr
s
ln c
r ls i ri i
, ]
uu p cc uo g nn amt n oi ms ol wevt rp a ”Ct Id. n vS m
sa r t e pn r t g o o t d i t ao lae oe ed oe nu I.. u
l ai
ai
i
ss
l
l . rc s c
,
HdgL. 99F d 24(dC 19; el Fd R C.P1 a 2( Te orso dre
oi . , 4 . 4 82 i 91s ao e . i . 5) )“ h cu hu f l
ln P
2 ,
r
. )e s .
v
((
t l ey
g eev[o mn wejsc s rq r.. TeCu rcg z ta Pitf ops o t
i laet a ed hnuie oeue ” h or eon e h l nfs pot n o
v
]
t
i s)
t
i s t a i’
i
i
D edn’mt nae ci s h a ntl aei te eod mne c m a tad h
e nat o o rs l mta r o peddn h scn a edd o pi, n te
f
s i is a
t e
ln
Cu cnoaaeu cn ue h a u h a ed et n h bi oto ad oaa e e
or ants r l oc dta fr e mn mn o te as f hs dt n s r d
t
st l
t tr
s
e i l st
i
gons ori wu bfi. Acr n yteCu g n Pitfevt a ed h
rudfree o d e u e cod g, h or r t l nflae o mn te
lf l
t
l
il
t as a i
c m a t o dr s h di ecsdnf dn h o n n w h h ecp o o Pitf fs
o pi t ad ste ec n eiet ei t s pi , i te xein f l nfsae
ln
e
fi i
i
i
i io t
t
a i’ l
a e adn n oa n c o oe o oadt s ci sw c a b n d msdw h
r s nit t n if t nf mt n ir sl m h hr e gi i e i
rt
ei l l i
i
i l se a , i e i s s
t
pjd e Ay mne c m a tms bfe nl e ta 3 dyfo te a ot s re
r u c n a edd o pi u eld oa r hn 0 a r m h d e f h od.
e i.
ln t i
t
s
t
i
r
I. C C UI
V
ON L S ON
Fr hraost e aoe D edn’m t n oi ms h scn a edd o pit
otee nstd bv e nat o o t d i te eod mne c m a
s
a
, f
s
i
ss
ln
i G A T D TeCr o Cu i de e t t m a temt n ed gtD.N 5
s R N E. h l k f or si c d oe i t h o o pn n a k o 2
e
t rt
r ne
i
i
t . .
S O DR D
O R E E.
D e Fbu y, 07
a d era 321
t:
r
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e ok e ok
,

___________________
__________________
___________
__________
G EG R H W O S
R G R . O D
E OY
Y
U tdte Dt c u g
i t e sr
UneSasisi Jde
n St Dt t
asi
t

1
8