Ceglia v. Zuckerberg et al
Filing
327
CONTINUATION OF EXHIBITS by Facebook, Inc., Mark Elliot Zuckerberg. to 324 Declaration, Exhibit C to March 26, 2012 Southwell Declaration filed by Facebook, Inc., Mark Elliot Zuckerberg. (Snyder, Orin)
EXHIBIT C
Frank J. Romano
19 Dartmouth Place Boston, MA 02116
fxrppr@rit.edu
MARCH 25, 2012
REPORT OF FINDINGS FROM EXPEDITED DISCOVERY IN CEGLIA V. ZUCKERBERG, ET AL., 10-CV-569 (RJA)
1. Background
I am Professor Emeritus Frank Romano of the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT)
School of Print Media. My career in the printing industry has spanned over 50 years. I have
worked with every known printing process and, in many cases, authored the first articles
and books on the subject. My 50 books—I have published one book since submitting my
May 31, 2011 declaration (the "Romano Declaration")—cover every aspect of document
origination, reproduction, and distribution. I am best known for my 10,000-term
"Encyclopedia of Graphic Communications," which has been called the standard reference in
the field. A true and correct copy of my curriculum vitae is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
During the last century, typesetting has evolved from metal to photographic to digital
processes, and from specific typesetting machines, such as Linotype and Monotype, to office
printers, such as Hewlett-Packard and Xerox. I have worked in typeface and printing as a
manufacturer, promoter, user, and academic. I have been involved in type with laser and
inkjet printers from the earliest introductions of those printers to more recent PostScript
and PCL implementations. As president of the Museum of Printing, I curate the Museum's
collection of 30,000-plus drawings of foundational Linotype metal fonts and of their
subsequent conversation to photographic, analog, and digital typesetting. Earlier in my
career, I worked for Photon, adapting Times New Roman to photographic typesetting, and
for Compugraphic, where I also adapted hot metal typefaces for photographic, analog, and
digital typesetting. Many of the fonts of these companies were ultimately adapted or
licensed by Hewlett-Packard and other printers, as well as by Microsoft and Apple for their
programs and operating systems.
I am well-known for my expertise in typeface and printing technology. I have received
numerous awards for my scholarship and work in the industry, which are listed in my
curriculum vitae. In 1977, I received the National Composition Association Distinguished
Service Award, the highest honor of the typographic industry, which has been awarded to
only 11 other recipients. In 1999, I was inducted into the Digital Printing Hall of Fame.
Moreover, RIT is well-known for its workshop "Printing Process Identification and Image
Analysis for Forensic Document Examiners," which explores the full range of image, ink, and
substrate variables that are key to determining the authenticity of currency, stamps,
passports, and other legal documents.
1
I have presented seminars, workshops, and lectures to virtually every association, club, and
organization in the industry at one time or another. Over the course of an average year, I
address several hundred attendees, generally regarding advanced digital printing
technology.
I have also consulted extensively with various United States government agencies regarding
issues related to type and printing, for which I received the highest-level security clearance.
I have testified before the United States Congress and participated in the development of
the electronic version of the Congressional Record. I was also a consultant to the United
Nations for more than 28 years regarding type and printing.
I have been involved and testified as an expert in numerous cases involving typeface
identification and printing methodologies, in federal, state, and international courts. Among
those cases involving document authentication, the most notable have been the 1990s case
involving "Larry Potter" and a prominent case involving lottery tickets. I have also been on
the PBS "History Detectives" show, where I authenticated intaglio printing plates for Duke
Ellington's "Take the A Train."
2. Examination of "WORK FOR HIRE" document on July 14, 2011
A. Background
On the morning of July 14, 2011, in the law offices of Harris Beach in Buffalo, New York,
Plaintiff's attorney Paul Argentieri presented for examination two paper documents. The
first was a two-page document titled "'WORK FOR HIRE' CONTRACT" (the "'WORK FOR
HIRE' document"). The second was a six-page document titled "StreetFax Back-End
Technical Specification." I conducted a visual, optical, and microscopic examination on both
documents. I used the following instruments: an Agfa 8X Loupe magnifier, an Agfa 10-40X
magnifier, and a ProScope 50X electronic microscope. All of these instruments are nondestructive.
Prior to the July 14, 2011 examination, I had reviewed the purported scan of the "WORK
FOR HIRE" document attached to Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint (Doc. No. 39-1) (the
"'WORK FOR HIRE' scan"), in two forms: as an electronic file (in .pdf format) and a printout
of that file. In the Romano Declaration, I set forth my analysis of the "WORK FOR HIRE"
scan, which was attached to my declaration as Exhibit B. Based on the many observable
inconsistencies between Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan, as well as the
fact that all references to "The Face Book" or "The Page Book" appear on Page 1, I concluded
that Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan is an "amateurish forgery." Romano Declaration
¶16.
On the morning of July 14, 2011, I was among the first of Defendants' experts to analyze the
paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document that Mr. Argentieri presented for examination.
Defendants' expert Peter Tytell attended the same inspection; I observed Mr. Tytell capture
high-resolution scans of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. I also captured numerous digital
images of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document with my ProScope microscope; I captured the
2
first of these digital images at 9:24 a.m. ET on July 14, 2011. This digital image, a true and
correct copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit B, accurately reflects the condition of
the "WORK FOR HIRE" document as it was presented by Mr. Argentieri on the morning of
July 14, 2011, before any non-visual examination by Defendants' experts began.
I have also reviewed two high-resolution scans taken by Mr. Tytell at 9:18 a.m. ET and 9:24
a.m. ET on July 14, 2011, which accurately reflect the condition of the "WORK FOR HIRE"
document as it was presented for examination by Mr. Argentieri. True and correct copies of
these scans are attached hereto as Exhibits C and D.
I had two immediate visual observations of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document when Mr.
Argentieri presented it for examination on the morning of July 14, 2011. First, the inked
writing appeared significantly more degraded and faded than it did in the "WORK FOR
HIRE" scan attached to Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint. Second, the paper was
discolored and had an off-white cast. These first-hand observations are accurately reflected
in the digital images attached hereto as Exhibits B, C, and D, reproduced below in Figure 1.
Figure 1: condition of the ink on the "WORK FOR HIRE" document when Mr. Argentieri
presented it for examination on the morning of July 14, 2011, as captured in Mr. Tytell's
scans and one of my ProScope images
The July 14, 2011 examination enabled me to supplement my analysis of the "WORK FOR
HIRE" scan. To facilitate that analysis, I simultaneously reviewed a printout of the "WORK
FOR HIRE" scan and the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document presented for examination. I
moved back and forth between the printout "WORK FOR HIRE" scan and the paper "WORK
FOR HIRE" document. As described above, the appearance of the writing ink in the "WORK
FOR HIRE" scan was different from the "WORK FOR HIRE" document presented for
examination by Mr. Argentieri.
3
B. Observations
During the July 14, 2011 examination, I observed the following facts regarding the "WORK
FOR HIRE" document:
Typeface. When I first analyzed the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan in May 2011, it appeared that
Page 1 and Page 2 were composed in different fonts. I was able to confirm during my
inspection of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document that Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR
HIRE" document were composed in different fonts. Specifically, Page 1 was composed in
Times New Roman, a serif typeface created for the "London Times" in the 1930s, while Page
2 was composed in Garamond, a classic serif typeface created in the 1500s.
To the untrained naked eye, Garamond and Times New Roman appear similar, and both
typefaces are generally available for laser and inkjet printers and come with many word
processing programs. However, Garamond and Times New Roman are distinguishable
under close inspection by an expert due to the fonts' different x-height (the height of
lowercase letters a, e, u, x, and the bowls of p, b, q, etc.). Moreover, due to its larger x-height,
text composed in Times New Roman appears slightly darker and denser than text composed
in Garamond, as demonstrated in Figure 2 below.
Figure 2: comparison of paragraph appearance, Times New Roman, Page 1, Section 7 and
Garamond, Page 2, Section 15
4
I also observed differences in the letters themselves, examples of which can be seen in
Figure 3 below.
Page 1
Page 2
Figure 3
In the Romano Declaration, I observed numerous significant formatting inconsistencies
between Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan. Based on my examination of the
paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document on July 14, 2011, I was able to confirm these initial
observations and document them in digital images.
Margin, column, and gutter width. As I explained in the Romano Declaration, there are
significant differences in the widths of the margins, columns, and gutters on Page 1 and
Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. Perhaps most notable are the wide columns and
correspondingly narrow gutter on Page 1 as compared to Page 2. In other words, the
columns on Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document are unusually wide, which results in
an unusually narrow space between the left and right columns (the "gutter"). These
anomalies are not present on Page 2, which has a more typical column width, resulting in a
more typical space between the left and right columns. Figure 4 reflects the unusually wide
columns and narrow gutter in the middle of Page 1 (specifically, Sections 2 and 3, which
refer to "The Face Book" and "The Page Book"); Figure 5 reflects the more typical column
and gutter widths in the middle of Page 2 (specifically, Section 10, related to termination).
5
Figure 4
Figure 5
Formatting. As I explained in the Romano Declaration, the indents on Page 1 are formatted
differently than the indents on Page 2. Specifically, Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE"
document has indents that are uncommonly wider than the indents on Page 2. Moreover,
subparagraph a) in Section 4 on Page 1 contains an errant return code, unlike the hanging
indents in Section 14 on Page 2, which are consistently indented. See Figure 6 below.
"WORK FOR HIRE" document, Section 4, page 1
"WORK FOR HIRE" document , Section 14, page 2
Figure 6
6
Spacing between paragraphs. As I explained in the Romano Declaration, the spacing
between paragraphs on Page 1 is inconsistent, whereas it is uniform on Page 2. Specifically,
Page 1 contains single, double, and triple spacing between paragraphs all within the same
page. Figure 7 illustrates this inconsistent spacing between paragraphs on Page 1.
A.
B.
C.
Figure 7: showing single (A), double (B), and triple (C)
spacing between paragraphs on Page 1
Typically, fonts, point sizes, and formats are set up in advance and are consistent
throughout a multi-page document. It is highly unusual to observe so many inconsistencies
between the first and second pages of a two-page document that purports to be a unitary
item, as the "WORK FOR HIRE" document does. In particular, it is highly unusual for the first
and second pages of such a document to be composed in distinct typefaces.
Printing. Direct and magnified examination also allowed an analysis of the printed features
of the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document.
By way of background: laser printing is based on attracting charged particles of toner to a
photo-conductive drum or belt, and then transferring those particles to paper and heating
them to fuse them onto the paper. The particles form letters as patterns based on a grid
(600 dots across by 600 dots down, for instance). By putting a one or a zero in each grid
position, the program creates the shape of a letter.
Early laser printers from the 1980s and early 1990s had to have a pattern for each typeface
in every point size. These were called "bitmapped" fonts. For example, Times New Roman
10-point and Times New Roman 11-point existed as different sets of "bitmapped" fonts.
Agfa Corporation then patented "scaling" programs that could scale the shape of the letters
without the need to create individually sized sets; through the use of scaling technology, one
7
master set of Times New Roman font, for example, could be scaled to any point size. Agfa's
"Intellifont" is a particular scaling technology.
Furthermore, the dots placed in the cells of the grid by early laser printers left spaces that
made the edges of the letters appear jagged or "stair-stepped." Hewlett-Packard addressed
this problem by creating its Resolution Enhancement Technology (ReT), which made the
edges of the letters appear smoother and less jagged.
All printers lay down toner in a fashion that can typically be distinguished. Under
magnification, the edges of the letters ("edge gradient" or "edge definition") are
recognizable as created by a particular type of printer. Moreover, the combination of scaling
and resolution enhancement technologies results in an edge gradient that can distinguish
one printer from another. Thus, by observing the edge gradient under magnification, an
expert can determine whether text was printed by a specific printer that did or did not use
particular technologies.
I examined under magnification the printed features of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document,
including the edge gradient of the printed text. Both pages of the paper "WORK FOR HIRE"
document were printed with a 600 dpi laser printer using powder toner. However, two
different laser printers were used to print Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE"
document.
Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document was printed with a laser printer that used
scaling and resolution enhancement technologies. The use of this combination of
technologies smoothed the edge gradient of the letters on Page 1, which I observed under
microscopic analysis. Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document was also printed with a
laser printer. However, based on my microscopic analysis, I observed that that printer did
not use either scaling or resolution enhancement technologies. The lines that make up the
typed characters on Page 2 are relatively jagged.
This observation regarding the application of scaling and resolution enhancement
technologies to Page 1 and not Page 2 demonstrates that those pages were printed with two
different laser printers. This observation also demonstrates that the Page 1 printer, which
applied these newer technologies, was the more recent of the two printers used.
3. Examination of the "STREET FAX" document
In August 2011, Defendants' counsel provided for examination a scan of a two-page
document titled "STREET FAX" (the "'STREET FAX' document"), a true and correct copy of
which is attached hereto as Exhibit E. The scanned Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX"
document exist as two electronic files (in .tif format). This means that the "STREET FAX"
document was printed on paper and then scanned in .tif file format.
I conducted a visual, optical, and microscopic examination on a printout of the "STREET
FAX" document. Upon my initial examination of the document, I observed that Page 1 and
Page 2 appeared to be composed in Garamond. Because the electronic version of the
8
"STREET FAX" document was somewhat blurry, I then used digital image analysis tools to
magnify and sharpen it, in order to examine the font more closely. I was able to confirm that
both Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document are composed in Garamond.
As stated above, Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document is also composed in Garamond,
but Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document is composed in Times New Roman, a
different typeface. The "STREET FAX" document does not have this highly unusual anomaly
of a different font on each page of a two-page unitary document. In contrast to Figure 2
above, the paragraph appearance, in terms of density and darkness, is consistent across the
pages of the "STREET FAX" document.
Moreover, many of the formatting inconsistencies I observed in the "WORK FOR HIRE"
document are noticeably absent from the "STREET FAX" document. For example, the
column and gutter widths on Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document appear
more typical, and appear consistent between the two pages of that document.
Additionally, the indents on Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document are more
consistent, and sub-paragraph a) in Section 4 on Page 1 does not contain the errant return
code I observed in subparagraph a) in Section 4 on Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE"
document. Finally, the regular spacing between paragraphs on Page 1 of the "STREET FAX"
document is significantly more consistent than on Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE"
document, which contains single, double, and triple spacing between paragraphs.1 A
comparison of the "STREETFAX" and "WORK FOR HIRE" documents can be seen below in
Figure 8.
I also observed that Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document appears to be slightly enlarged
from Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document.
1
9
Figure 8: the "STREET FAX" document (top) and "WORK FOR HIRE" document (bottom)
10
EXHIBIT A
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Association memberships and activities
Committee for Graphic Arts Technical Standards, American National Standards Institute, ISO
Co-chair, Committee 6, Task Force 2 on Variable Data Printing standards
Electronic Document Systems Foundation
Vice Chairman, Education, 1997-2005
Digital Printing Council and E-Commerce Council, Printing Industries of America
Steering Committee, Advisory Board
Museum of Printing, North Andover, MA
Trustee, President
Association of Graphic Arts Consultants
Vice President and Founder 1977-1978 President 1979–1980 Board of Directors 1980-1985
National Composition & Prepress Association, Section Printing Industries of America
Treasurer 1979-1980 Vice Chairman 1981-1982 Chairman 1983-1985 Board of Directors 19731989
International Typographic Composition Association (now TIA)
Board of Directors 1978-1979 Executive Committee 1978-1979
International Association of Printing House Craftsmen
Boston Chapter Board of Directors 1979-1981
QuarkXPress Users International
Founder 1991, Director of 4,000-member worldwide user group, 1989-1998
Printing Industries of America Electronic Pre-Press Section
Steering Committee, Board of Advisors, 1989-1999
Pennsylvania College of Technology, Williamsport, PA
Advisory Board, 1990-1993
Gamma Epsilon Tau
Faculty Avisor, 1994-2000
Accrediting Council for Collegiate Graphic Communications
Founding Member, Director, Team Leader for Accrediting Visits
(Accredits 4-year graphic arts programs)
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Courses taught
California PolyTechnic Institute
2007, 2011 Winter Quarter
Typography
Digital Printing
Industry Trends
Stout State University, Menonomee, Wisconsin
1973 Summer Masters program in printing education
Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
Adjunct Professor in Continuing Education Department
1974–1990 Automated Typesetting and Publishing
Rochester Institute of Technology
Melbert B. Cary, Jr. Professor 1992–1998
Roger K. Fawcett Professor 1998–2005
Professor Emeritus 2005-present
Electronic Publishing, Desktop Prepress, Digital Printing, and Digital Media
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
RIT educationaland other achievements
Developed 7 new courses over first five years at RIT
Electronic Publishing
Digital and Multimedia Concepts
Digital Printing
Digital Workflow
Desktop Prepress
Advanced Multimedia for Publishing
Digital Publishing Concepts
Established digital printing at RIT.
Developed some of the first multimedia courses at RIT.
Helped to establish the Digital Media Center.
Principal author of committee report
Published 11 books with students over five years.
Helped to place over 190 students in career positions in industry.
Helped to establish the Digital Publishing Center.
Provided speaking opportunities for 40 students at industry events over six years.
Provided magazine writing opportunities for 21 students over six years.
Initiated and published the PrintRIT Journal.
Initited and authored Xerox consortium training program which has netted over $200,000.
1996-2000, co-taught courses once a year with
Professor Owen Butler in Sscool of Photography
Professor Roger Remmington in School of Design
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Institute service
CIAS Curriculum Committee, 1999-2002
Chair
SPMS Curriculum Committee, 1998-2002
Chair
CIMS building committee, 1996-1997
CIMS Director Search Committee, 1996-1997
SPMS Director Search Committee, 1994
CIAS Miltimedia Taskforce, 1994
Digital Media Center, 1995-1998
Board
SPMS Recruitment Committee, 1993-1995
SPMS Fellowship Committee, 1997-2001
Chair
SPMS Scholarship Committee, 1997-2001
Chair
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Seminars presented
Institute for Graphic Communication, now part of BIS Strategic Directions,
1973 to 1990: Over 135 occasions, about half as Conference Leader
Representative subjects: Automated Pagination Systems, Productivity and the Printing
Industry, New Developments in Printing Systems, Imaging Industries over the Next Decade,
Interactive Integration of Text and Pictures, The Office of the Future, Trends in Printout,
Document Processing in the Office of Tomorrow, Office Automation Systems, Demand
Publishing, Electronic Art & Color Graphics
National Composition & Prepress Association 1972 to 1989: 88 occasions, most as Chairman
Subjects: Costing and Pricing, Front-End Systems, Managing a Small Typesetting Company,
Automated Aesthetics, Word Processing Interfacing, Keynoter.
Printing Industries of America (and GACNA) 1974 to present:
Representative subjects: Trends in Publishing, Typesetting for the Printer, Color Publishing.
Graphic Arts Council of North America seminars at major printing exhibitions.
National Association of Printers and Lithographers 1975 to present: 20 occasions, including National
Sheetfed Printing Conference, Top Management Conference
In-Plant Printing Management Association 1973 to present: 15 occasions
National convention, Boston, Connecticut, New York, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Ohio chapters; as
well as national meetings.
Society for Technical Communication 1973, 1985, 1989, 1999
Association of Business Communicators 1973, 1982, 1988
Council for Advancement and Support of Education 1978, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1987, 1988
The Navigators Club, New York 1980
American Association of University Presses 1979, 1988
College and University Printing Managers Association of Canada 1978, 1980
Association Maitres-Imprimerie de Quebec 1976
Graphic Arts Industries Association (Canada) 1975
International Association of Printing House Craftsmen 1974 to present: 20 occasions
York (PA) Club of Printing Craftsmen 1986, 1990
Canadian Book Council 1983
New Hampshire Graphic Arts Association 1980, 1982
Merrimack Valley Graphic Arts Association (Mass.) 1979
International Word Processing Association (now ASIP) 1978, 1982
International Typographic Composition Association (TIA) Over 40 occasions 1973-1986
Western Typographers Association 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977
National Newspaper Association 1985
Federal Publishers Committee 1985, 1988
Federal Office Automation Conference 1985, 1986
Typographers Association of New York 1972–1992: 398 occasions
Representative subjects: Basic Typography, Advanced Typography, Costing and Pricing, Word
Processing Interfacing, Plant Layout, Promotion for Typesetting Services. “Basic” course has
taught over 4,800 students. In December, 1992 presented my 20th annual end of year report.
International Association of Graphic Arts Educators 1977, 1979, 1988, 1990, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2004
International Thermography Association 1976
New York Composition Association 1975, 1976, 1978
Los Angeles Composition Association 1976, 1983
Printing Industries Association of Connecticut and Western Mass. 1979
Printing Industries of Illinois 1977, 2001
Printing Industries of New York State 1978, 1993, 1995, 2000, 2003
Printing Industries of New England 1998, 1999, 1999, 2000, 2008, 2009
New Jersey Graphic Arts Association 1979, 1986
New England Press Association 1979, 1988, 1991, 1992
Society for Publication Designers 1978
New York Association for Publication Production Managers 1978
Folio Book and Magazine Week 1977–1993, 1999, 2000
Annual seminars on electronic publishing for magazine publishers at premiere conference
Folio Conferences in New Orleans, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York City, 1984–1993, 1999, 2000
International Association of Book Printers 1978, 1979
Magazine Publishers Association 1979
Graphic Communications Computer Association 1973, 1990
Engraved Stationery Manufacturers Association 1975
Conference Board of Major Printers 1976
American Printing History Association 1979, 2000, 2008
Printing Industries of Maryland 1978, 1985, 1994
International Prepress Association 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 1998
Graphic Communications Association Color Connections Seminar 1992
Vue/Point Pre-press Conference 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1999, 2000
Research and Engineering Council 1992, 1995, 1999
Association of American Publishers 1979, 1982, 1988
Society of Photographic Scientists and Engineers 1978, 1984, 1988
TypeWorld-sponsored seminars 1978-1993: 98 occasions
Book Builders of Boston 1974, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1987, 2008
Society of Printers 1975, 2009
Rochester Institute of Technology T&E Seminars 1978, 1979, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995–present
Boston Computer Society 1987, 1989
The Religion Publishing Group 1990
Graphic Arts Technical Foundation Color Seminars 1975, 1987, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996,
1999
Type Directors Club of New York 1976, 1981, 1989, 1991
Philadelphia Book Clinic 1985
Women in Production 1986, 1988
Seybold Publishing 1987-2005 (6 occasions as keynote speaker to audiences of over 2,000 people)
Association of College and University Printers 1988
Public Relations Society of America, Hartford Chapter 1987
Business Forms Association 1988
XPLOR Association Global Conference 1988, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 including keynotes to
4,000 attendees
Label Printers of America 1999
Gartner Group Corporate Publishing Conference 1989
Binding Industries of America, 2000
New Jersey Typographers Association 1988, 1989
Network Northeastern 1988, 1989 First televised seminars to over 6,000 viewers in industry and
education by Northeastern University
Graphic Communications 3 Conference Program 1988–1998. Organize, and present some of the 58
seminar sessions attended by over 8,000 people
New England Newspaper Association pre-press seminars 1991, 1992
Graph Expo Seminar Program 1997-2009 Organize, and present some of the 60 seminar sessions
International Graphic Arts Educators Association, 1988, 1995, 1998, 2000
Conceppts, 1995 First broadcast using Macintosh ISDN video link from RIT Wallace Library to
audience in Orlando, Fla.
Ukranian Printers Association 1982
Irish Trade Board 1979
Lectures in Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Dubai, Indonesia, Croatia, Austria,
Hungary, Denmark, Sweden, UK
. . . and many others
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Awards
Print Champion Award, UK, 2010
Graphic Arts Marketing Information Service, PIA, Neil Richards Visionary Award, 1999
Digital Printing Hall of Fame, 1999
National Association of Printers and Lithographers, Leadership Award, 1995
Graphic Arts Technical Foundation Education Excellence Award, 1997
Water Soderstrom Society inductee, 1998
National Composition Association Distinguished Service Award, 1977
Highest honor of the typographic industry; only awarded to 11 other recipients, one of whom was the
inventor of photographic typesetting
Elmer Voigt Education Award, 1980
New York School of Graphic Communications Wall of Fame, 1992 (Plaque right next to
Gutenberg!)
Dwiggins Award (Bookbuilders of Boston), 1985 (25th recipient)
Friedman Award, 1990 (33rd recipient since 1938—also presented to Frederick Goudy in 1936)
Leo H. Joachim Award, 1992 Bestowed by 14 associations comprising Printing Week in New York
City
Honorary Membership Gamma Epsilon Tau Honor Fraternity, Zeta Chapter, 1995
Honorary Lifetime Membership Digital Graphics Association, New York City, 1990
Graphic Arts Technical Association Educator of the Year, 1996
Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society, 1995
Letter of Commendation from U.S. Senator Gordon Humphrey (NH), 1985, on retirement as
Chairman of the National Composition Association
Many other certificates, plaques and awards for seminars, conferences and speeches
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Books authored or co-authored
Handbook of Composition Input (American Press), 1973, 180 pages
How to Build a Profitable Newspaper (North American Publishing), 1974, 170 pages
Photocomposition and You (GAMA), 1974; 150 pages
Automated Typesetting: The Basic Course (GAMA), 1974; 200 pages (also in French)
Don’t Call It Cold Type (GAMA), 1977, 200 pages
Practical Typography (NCA), 1983, 300 pages
The TypEncyclopedia (Bowker), 1984, 200 pages
Machine Writing & Typesetting (GAMA), 1986; 160 pages
Desktop Typography with QuarkXPress (TAB), 1988, 220 pages; 2nd Edition, 1992, 250 pages
The Computer Did It (PW), 1992, 176 pages
QuarkXPress Slick Tips & Tricks (MPP), 1995, 160 pages
Pocket Guide to Digital Prepress (Delmar), 1995, 344 pages (translated into Chinese)
On-Demand Printing (GATF) with Howard Fenton, 1995, 200 pages, 2nd Edition 1995, 300 pages
Digital Media (MPP), 1996, 200 pages
Computer-To-Plate: Automating the Printing Industry (GATF) with Richard Adams, 1997, 240 pgs
Delmar Dictionary of Digital Printing & Publishing (Delmar), 1997, 700 pages, 6,000 terms
PDF Printing and Publishing (MPP and Agfa), 1997, 200 pages (translated into 6 languages)
Encyclopedia of Graphic Communications (GATF), with Richard Romano 1998, 1,000 pages, 10,000 terms
QuarkXPress 4 Only (Prentice Hall), with Eike Lumma 1998, 400 pages
Personalized and Database Printing (MPP), with David Broudy 1999, 320 pages
Timelines of History (GATF), 1998, 120 pages
PDF Printing and Workflow (Prentice Hall), 1998, 400 pages
Professional Prepress, Printing and Publishing (Prentice Hall), 1999, 670 pages
Professional Digital Photography (Prentice Hall), with Bill Erikson 1999, 320 pages
InDesign InDetail (Prentice Hall), with David Broudy 1999, 500 pages
Desktop Follies (GAMA), 1999, 320 pages
Computer-To-Plate Primer (GATF), with Richard Adams 1999, 200 pages
Digital Printing Pocket Primer (Windsor), 2000, 320 pages
Acrobat PDF Workflow InDetail (Prentice Hall), 2000, 500 pages
2000 Yearbook, companion to Enclyclopedia of Graphic Communication (GATF), 2000, 200 pages
Inkjet! (PIA), 2008, 200 pages
The Future of Print (Gama), 2010, 120 pages
Editor of Pocket Primer Series, with books by RIT students Peter Muir, Ron Goldberg, and Ric
Withers
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Articles
Electronic Publishing
Founder, Monthly article 1994–present
Aldus Magazine
American Printer
Digital Prepress editor, 1973–1988, 1994–1997, “Golden Keys” award for series
Canadian Printer and Publisher
Phototypesetting Editor, 1974 to 1991. Over 90 articles
Printing News
Over 30 articles
Inplant Printer
Book and Magazine Production (now High Volume Printing)
Folio (The Magazine for Magazine Management)
Over 180 articles since 1975
The Office
Advertising Age
Graphic Arts Buyer
Magazine Design & Production
Publishing Trade
HOW
Art Product News
Electronic Printing (Maclean Hunter Publishing)
Founding Editor, 1986-1988. Monthly feature articles 1986–1988
Desktop Communications
The Typographer
Founding editor, 1976–1978
NCPP Journal
Founding editor, 1990–1991
PrintRIT Journal
Founding editor, 1993–1996
Digital Imaging
and many more individual articles in a variety of publications, national and international
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Other publications
The Penrose Annual 1979, 1980
International Paper Pocket Pal 1979, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2000 editions
McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Technology 1982, 1984, 1990, 1994 Sections on Type and Typesetting
Graphic Arts Manual 1980 Several sections on pre-press production
Eastman Kodak 1978, 1979, 1980 Booklets on typesetting
Printing Industry Trends Almanac 1981 Editor of PIA-sponsored publications
NAPL Blue Books 1979, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1988
Random House Dictionary 1983 Typographic Terms (with Michael Bruno)
Electronic Publishing & Printing 1985-1987 Executive Editor
Hammermill Guide to Desktop Publishing 1989
World Book Encyclopedia 1993, 1999, 2000 Re-wrote sections on Photocomposition, Printing
Encyclopaedia Brittanica 1994, Section on Typesetting
Encyclopaedia Brittanica 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 Yearbook section on printing
NAPL Tech Trends Report, Quarterly 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000
Digital Printing Report for Digital Printing Council, PIA, monthly, 1993-2004
Print E-Business Report for E-Commerce Council, PIA, monthly, 2000-2004
EDSF Newsletter, Editor, 1998-present
Prining Scection, Encyclopedia of Journalism (Sage Publishing), 2010
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Vendor-sponsored projects
1972-1973: Development of small systems specifications for Hendrix Electronics
1972-1973: Word processing interface from Redactron to GSI typesetter
1973-1975: Design of unique mnemonic keyboard layout for Itek
1974: Marketing evaluations for Dymo Graphic Systems
1974-1983: Marketing and technology analysis for Xerox
1976: Marketing and technology analysis for Digital Equipment Corp.
1977-1984: Marketing and technology analyses for IBM
1979: Marketing and technology analysis for Bobst Graphic, Lausanne, Switzerland
1989: Marketing and technology analysis on non-silver imagesetting film
1992: Research on digital printing
1993: Testing and market study for Xerox VerdePrint non-silver graphic arts film
1994: Scanner market study for Janus
1995: Marketing and technology analysis on direct imaging presses for Presstek
1998-2000: Chair, NexPress advisory committee
2008, 2010: Insight Reports for Canon Europe
Many other projects involving research and market analysis plus advisory board participation
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Research reports
Personal Computer Composition & Publishing Software Markets, 1984
Datek Typographic Printers Report, 1985
IGC Demand Printing & Publishing Markets & Opportunities Report, 1986
Talk about being ahead of your time
IGC Electronic Art Report 1987
Short-Run Color Printing, 1990–1992
Digital Colour Printing for Sofina, Brussels-based investment organization, 2000
The Future of Print for Electronic Document Systems Foundation, 2000
Printing in the Age of the Web and Beyond, 1999
Printing Industry Demographics, 2001, 2009
Numerous reports and analyses for venture capital and other financial organizations.
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Consulting projects
1972 to present
Over 1,000 projects involving the analysis, selection, application, installation and operation of premedia and electronic publishing systems for pre-media services, printers, publishers, newspapers,
government, in-plant and corporate applications.
Representative list:
Hallmark Cards
Port Authority of NY & NJ
RJR Nabisco
National Life of Vermont
Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.
John Hancock Insurance
Aetna Insurance
Prudential Insurance
Confederation Life (Canada)
Horticulture Magazine
F&W Publishing
HP Publications
National Enquirer
Yankee Magazine
New York Times
Hemmings Motor News
Financial World magazine
New York Teacher magazine
Common Cause
Venture Magazine
Journal Publications
Dennison Manufacturing
Fidelity Investments
CIT Financial
E.F. Hutton
University of Toronto Press
Wellesley College
Thomas Jefferson University
University of Chicago
University of New Hampshire
National Center for Health Statistics
Bureau of the Census
National Cancer Institute
International Monetary Fund (3 occasions)
Centers for Disease Control
Federal Prisons, Dept. of Justice
Department of Energy, OSTI
U.S. Congress (Congressional Record)
U.S. Geological Survey
Office of Technology Assessment
Government of Alberta, Canada
U.S. Government Printing Office
Defense Mapping Agency
CRR Publishing
Chicago Tribune
Warner Books
Harlequin Books, Toronto
McGraw-Hill Publications
General Electric
Four Winds Travel
Waverly Press
Equity Publishing
Grayarc
Monarch Marking Systems
Mead Data Systems
J.S. Paluch Publishing
United Nations (3 occasions since 1980)
Imperial Printing
New England Business Service
U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention
University of Nebraska
University of Waterloo, Canada
University of Vermont
Notre Dame University
Simplicity Pattern
Rous & Mann, Toronto
Black & Decker
Chemical Abstracts Service
Boehringer-Manheim
Wisconsin Gas
Safeguard Business Systems
Doubleday Book Club
Book Press
International Data Corporation
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Analog Devices
First USA
National Academy of Sciences
Florida Bar Association
American Management Association
National Assn. College & Univ. Bus. Officers
American Library Association
American Dental Association
Maclean Hunter Printing & Publishing, Toronto
Fred Meyer Corp.
Ralston Purina
Educational Testing Service
Pacific Gas & Electric
Ogilvey & Mather
J. Walter Thompson
Rorer Pharmaceuticals
Scientific American Medical Division
Little Brown Publishers
American Greetings
M&T Bank
Association of American Advertising Agencies
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
Other
• City University of New York (Brooklyn College) BA, English, 1966
• Teaching Certificate, New York City Board of Education (High School English)
• U.S. Naval Air Reserve 1962–1970 Meritorious Service Ribbons. Honorable Discharge.
Air intelligence office, aircrewman in S2F and P2V aircraft
• Highest-level security clearance for work with various governmental clients.
• In 1984, testified before a House of Representatives Sub-Committee investigating the effects of
video display terminals on operators, representing the interests of the typesetting and printing
industry through PIA Government Affairs.
• In 1988, member of the commission established by the Office of Technology Assessment, U.S.
Congress, to participate in the study of Federal information dissemination, “Informing the
Nation.”
• In 1992, involved in the development of the electronic version of the Congressional Record and
other non-print derivative publications.
• Expert testimony for Mead (Lexis-Nexis), Monotype, Victoria’s Secret (it had to do with type,
honest), and Varityper, among others.
FRANK J. ROMANO
Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media
160+ quotes in various media mentioning Frank Romano and RIT affiliation:
Business and news media
Barron’s
Boston Globe
Business Week
Chicago Tribune
Christian Science Monitor
Detroit Free Press
Financial Times
Forbes
New York Times
Rochester Business Journal
Rochester Democrat & Chronicle
Times of London
USA Today
Wall Street Journal
Other U.S. newspapers
Associated Press
Generates quotes in 40+ papers
Graphic arts trade press
American Printer
Canadian Printer
Deutsche Drucker (Germany)
Electronic Publishing
Graphic Arts Monthly
Printing Week (Great Britain)
Other trade publications
Publications in
Australia
Belgium
Canada
China
Egypt
Iceland
Italy
Japan
Russia
1995 1996
1997 1998 1999
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
2000
2001
2002 2003
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Radio and TV
Rochester ABC, CBS, NBC affiliates
Rochester radio
National Public Radio
Association publications
American Banking Association
International Prepress Association
NAPL
PIA
XPLOR
Other associations
Supplier publications
Agfa
Creo
Heidelberg
Mohawk Paper
Presstek
Scitex
Stora-Enso
Xerox
1992 1993
1994 1995 1996
1997
1998
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1999 2000
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
EXHIBIT B
EXHIBIT C
EXHIBIT D
EXHIBIT E
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?