Ceglia v. Zuckerberg et al

Filing 327

CONTINUATION OF EXHIBITS by Facebook, Inc., Mark Elliot Zuckerberg. to 324 Declaration, Exhibit C to March 26, 2012 Southwell Declaration filed by Facebook, Inc., Mark Elliot Zuckerberg. (Snyder, Orin)

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EXHIBIT C Frank J. Romano 19 Dartmouth Place Boston, MA 02116 fxrppr@rit.edu MARCH 25, 2012 REPORT OF FINDINGS FROM EXPEDITED DISCOVERY IN CEGLIA V. ZUCKERBERG, ET AL., 10-CV-569 (RJA) 1. Background I am Professor Emeritus Frank Romano of the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) School of Print Media. My career in the printing industry has spanned over 50 years. I have worked with every known printing process and, in many cases, authored the first articles and books on the subject. My 50 books—I have published one book since submitting my May 31, 2011 declaration (the "Romano Declaration")—cover every aspect of document origination, reproduction, and distribution. I am best known for my 10,000-term "Encyclopedia of Graphic Communications," which has been called the standard reference in the field. A true and correct copy of my curriculum vitae is attached hereto as Exhibit A. During the last century, typesetting has evolved from metal to photographic to digital processes, and from specific typesetting machines, such as Linotype and Monotype, to office printers, such as Hewlett-Packard and Xerox. I have worked in typeface and printing as a manufacturer, promoter, user, and academic. I have been involved in type with laser and inkjet printers from the earliest introductions of those printers to more recent PostScript and PCL implementations. As president of the Museum of Printing, I curate the Museum's collection of 30,000-plus drawings of foundational Linotype metal fonts and of their subsequent conversation to photographic, analog, and digital typesetting. Earlier in my career, I worked for Photon, adapting Times New Roman to photographic typesetting, and for Compugraphic, where I also adapted hot metal typefaces for photographic, analog, and digital typesetting. Many of the fonts of these companies were ultimately adapted or licensed by Hewlett-Packard and other printers, as well as by Microsoft and Apple for their programs and operating systems. I am well-known for my expertise in typeface and printing technology. I have received numerous awards for my scholarship and work in the industry, which are listed in my curriculum vitae. In 1977, I received the National Composition Association Distinguished Service Award, the highest honor of the typographic industry, which has been awarded to only 11 other recipients. In 1999, I was inducted into the Digital Printing Hall of Fame. Moreover, RIT is well-known for its workshop "Printing Process Identification and Image Analysis for Forensic Document Examiners," which explores the full range of image, ink, and substrate variables that are key to determining the authenticity of currency, stamps, passports, and other legal documents. 1 I have presented seminars, workshops, and lectures to virtually every association, club, and organization in the industry at one time or another. Over the course of an average year, I address several hundred attendees, generally regarding advanced digital printing technology. I have also consulted extensively with various United States government agencies regarding issues related to type and printing, for which I received the highest-level security clearance. I have testified before the United States Congress and participated in the development of the electronic version of the Congressional Record. I was also a consultant to the United Nations for more than 28 years regarding type and printing. I have been involved and testified as an expert in numerous cases involving typeface identification and printing methodologies, in federal, state, and international courts. Among those cases involving document authentication, the most notable have been the 1990s case involving "Larry Potter" and a prominent case involving lottery tickets. I have also been on the PBS "History Detectives" show, where I authenticated intaglio printing plates for Duke Ellington's "Take the A Train." 2. Examination of "WORK FOR HIRE" document on July 14, 2011 A. Background On the morning of July 14, 2011, in the law offices of Harris Beach in Buffalo, New York, Plaintiff's attorney Paul Argentieri presented for examination two paper documents. The first was a two-page document titled "'WORK FOR HIRE' CONTRACT" (the "'WORK FOR HIRE' document"). The second was a six-page document titled "StreetFax Back-End Technical Specification." I conducted a visual, optical, and microscopic examination on both documents. I used the following instruments: an Agfa 8X Loupe magnifier, an Agfa 10-40X magnifier, and a ProScope 50X electronic microscope. All of these instruments are nondestructive. Prior to the July 14, 2011 examination, I had reviewed the purported scan of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document attached to Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint (Doc. No. 39-1) (the "'WORK FOR HIRE' scan"), in two forms: as an electronic file (in .pdf format) and a printout of that file. In the Romano Declaration, I set forth my analysis of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan, which was attached to my declaration as Exhibit B. Based on the many observable inconsistencies between Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan, as well as the fact that all references to "The Face Book" or "The Page Book" appear on Page 1, I concluded that Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan is an "amateurish forgery." Romano Declaration ¶16. On the morning of July 14, 2011, I was among the first of Defendants' experts to analyze the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document that Mr. Argentieri presented for examination. Defendants' expert Peter Tytell attended the same inspection; I observed Mr. Tytell capture high-resolution scans of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. I also captured numerous digital images of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document with my ProScope microscope; I captured the 2 first of these digital images at 9:24 a.m. ET on July 14, 2011. This digital image, a true and correct copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit B, accurately reflects the condition of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document as it was presented by Mr. Argentieri on the morning of July 14, 2011, before any non-visual examination by Defendants' experts began. I have also reviewed two high-resolution scans taken by Mr. Tytell at 9:18 a.m. ET and 9:24 a.m. ET on July 14, 2011, which accurately reflect the condition of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document as it was presented for examination by Mr. Argentieri. True and correct copies of these scans are attached hereto as Exhibits C and D. I had two immediate visual observations of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document when Mr. Argentieri presented it for examination on the morning of July 14, 2011. First, the inked writing appeared significantly more degraded and faded than it did in the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan attached to Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint. Second, the paper was discolored and had an off-white cast. These first-hand observations are accurately reflected in the digital images attached hereto as Exhibits B, C, and D, reproduced below in Figure 1. Figure 1: condition of the ink on the "WORK FOR HIRE" document when Mr. Argentieri presented it for examination on the morning of July 14, 2011, as captured in Mr. Tytell's scans and one of my ProScope images The July 14, 2011 examination enabled me to supplement my analysis of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan. To facilitate that analysis, I simultaneously reviewed a printout of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan and the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document presented for examination. I moved back and forth between the printout "WORK FOR HIRE" scan and the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document. As described above, the appearance of the writing ink in the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan was different from the "WORK FOR HIRE" document presented for examination by Mr. Argentieri. 3 B. Observations During the July 14, 2011 examination, I observed the following facts regarding the "WORK FOR HIRE" document: Typeface. When I first analyzed the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan in May 2011, it appeared that Page 1 and Page 2 were composed in different fonts. I was able to confirm during my inspection of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document that Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document were composed in different fonts. Specifically, Page 1 was composed in Times New Roman, a serif typeface created for the "London Times" in the 1930s, while Page 2 was composed in Garamond, a classic serif typeface created in the 1500s. To the untrained naked eye, Garamond and Times New Roman appear similar, and both typefaces are generally available for laser and inkjet printers and come with many word processing programs. However, Garamond and Times New Roman are distinguishable under close inspection by an expert due to the fonts' different x-height (the height of lowercase letters a, e, u, x, and the bowls of p, b, q, etc.). Moreover, due to its larger x-height, text composed in Times New Roman appears slightly darker and denser than text composed in Garamond, as demonstrated in Figure 2 below. Figure 2: comparison of paragraph appearance, Times New Roman, Page 1, Section 7 and Garamond, Page 2, Section 15 4 I also observed differences in the letters themselves, examples of which can be seen in Figure 3 below. Page 1 Page 2 Figure 3 In the Romano Declaration, I observed numerous significant formatting inconsistencies between Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" scan. Based on my examination of the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document on July 14, 2011, I was able to confirm these initial observations and document them in digital images. Margin, column, and gutter width. As I explained in the Romano Declaration, there are significant differences in the widths of the margins, columns, and gutters on Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. Perhaps most notable are the wide columns and correspondingly narrow gutter on Page 1 as compared to Page 2. In other words, the columns on Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document are unusually wide, which results in an unusually narrow space between the left and right columns (the "gutter"). These anomalies are not present on Page 2, which has a more typical column width, resulting in a more typical space between the left and right columns. Figure 4 reflects the unusually wide columns and narrow gutter in the middle of Page 1 (specifically, Sections 2 and 3, which refer to "The Face Book" and "The Page Book"); Figure 5 reflects the more typical column and gutter widths in the middle of Page 2 (specifically, Section 10, related to termination). 5 Figure 4 Figure 5 Formatting. As I explained in the Romano Declaration, the indents on Page 1 are formatted differently than the indents on Page 2. Specifically, Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document has indents that are uncommonly wider than the indents on Page 2. Moreover, subparagraph a) in Section 4 on Page 1 contains an errant return code, unlike the hanging indents in Section 14 on Page 2, which are consistently indented. See Figure 6 below. "WORK FOR HIRE" document, Section 4, page 1 "WORK FOR HIRE" document , Section 14, page 2 Figure 6 6 Spacing between paragraphs. As I explained in the Romano Declaration, the spacing between paragraphs on Page 1 is inconsistent, whereas it is uniform on Page 2. Specifically, Page 1 contains single, double, and triple spacing between paragraphs all within the same page. Figure 7 illustrates this inconsistent spacing between paragraphs on Page 1. A. B. C. Figure 7: showing single (A), double (B), and triple (C) spacing between paragraphs on Page 1 Typically, fonts, point sizes, and formats are set up in advance and are consistent throughout a multi-page document. It is highly unusual to observe so many inconsistencies between the first and second pages of a two-page document that purports to be a unitary item, as the "WORK FOR HIRE" document does. In particular, it is highly unusual for the first and second pages of such a document to be composed in distinct typefaces. Printing. Direct and magnified examination also allowed an analysis of the printed features of the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document. By way of background: laser printing is based on attracting charged particles of toner to a photo-conductive drum or belt, and then transferring those particles to paper and heating them to fuse them onto the paper. The particles form letters as patterns based on a grid (600 dots across by 600 dots down, for instance). By putting a one or a zero in each grid position, the program creates the shape of a letter. Early laser printers from the 1980s and early 1990s had to have a pattern for each typeface in every point size. These were called "bitmapped" fonts. For example, Times New Roman 10-point and Times New Roman 11-point existed as different sets of "bitmapped" fonts. Agfa Corporation then patented "scaling" programs that could scale the shape of the letters without the need to create individually sized sets; through the use of scaling technology, one 7 master set of Times New Roman font, for example, could be scaled to any point size. Agfa's "Intellifont" is a particular scaling technology. Furthermore, the dots placed in the cells of the grid by early laser printers left spaces that made the edges of the letters appear jagged or "stair-stepped." Hewlett-Packard addressed this problem by creating its Resolution Enhancement Technology (ReT), which made the edges of the letters appear smoother and less jagged. All printers lay down toner in a fashion that can typically be distinguished. Under magnification, the edges of the letters ("edge gradient" or "edge definition") are recognizable as created by a particular type of printer. Moreover, the combination of scaling and resolution enhancement technologies results in an edge gradient that can distinguish one printer from another. Thus, by observing the edge gradient under magnification, an expert can determine whether text was printed by a specific printer that did or did not use particular technologies. I examined under magnification the printed features of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document, including the edge gradient of the printed text. Both pages of the paper "WORK FOR HIRE" document were printed with a 600 dpi laser printer using powder toner. However, two different laser printers were used to print Page 1 and Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document was printed with a laser printer that used scaling and resolution enhancement technologies. The use of this combination of technologies smoothed the edge gradient of the letters on Page 1, which I observed under microscopic analysis. Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document was also printed with a laser printer. However, based on my microscopic analysis, I observed that that printer did not use either scaling or resolution enhancement technologies. The lines that make up the typed characters on Page 2 are relatively jagged. This observation regarding the application of scaling and resolution enhancement technologies to Page 1 and not Page 2 demonstrates that those pages were printed with two different laser printers. This observation also demonstrates that the Page 1 printer, which applied these newer technologies, was the more recent of the two printers used. 3. Examination of the "STREET FAX" document In August 2011, Defendants' counsel provided for examination a scan of a two-page document titled "STREET FAX" (the "'STREET FAX' document"), a true and correct copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit E. The scanned Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document exist as two electronic files (in .tif format). This means that the "STREET FAX" document was printed on paper and then scanned in .tif file format. I conducted a visual, optical, and microscopic examination on a printout of the "STREET FAX" document. Upon my initial examination of the document, I observed that Page 1 and Page 2 appeared to be composed in Garamond. Because the electronic version of the 8 "STREET FAX" document was somewhat blurry, I then used digital image analysis tools to magnify and sharpen it, in order to examine the font more closely. I was able to confirm that both Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document are composed in Garamond. As stated above, Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document is also composed in Garamond, but Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document is composed in Times New Roman, a different typeface. The "STREET FAX" document does not have this highly unusual anomaly of a different font on each page of a two-page unitary document. In contrast to Figure 2 above, the paragraph appearance, in terms of density and darkness, is consistent across the pages of the "STREET FAX" document. Moreover, many of the formatting inconsistencies I observed in the "WORK FOR HIRE" document are noticeably absent from the "STREET FAX" document. For example, the column and gutter widths on Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document appear more typical, and appear consistent between the two pages of that document. Additionally, the indents on Page 1 and Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document are more consistent, and sub-paragraph a) in Section 4 on Page 1 does not contain the errant return code I observed in subparagraph a) in Section 4 on Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. Finally, the regular spacing between paragraphs on Page 1 of the "STREET FAX" document is significantly more consistent than on Page 1 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document, which contains single, double, and triple spacing between paragraphs.1 A comparison of the "STREETFAX" and "WORK FOR HIRE" documents can be seen below in Figure 8. I also observed that Page 2 of the "STREET FAX" document appears to be slightly enlarged from Page 2 of the "WORK FOR HIRE" document. 1 9 Figure 8: the "STREET FAX" document (top) and "WORK FOR HIRE" document (bottom) 10 EXHIBIT A FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Association memberships and activities Committee for Graphic Arts Technical Standards, American National Standards Institute, ISO Co-chair, Committee 6, Task Force 2 on Variable Data Printing standards Electronic Document Systems Foundation Vice Chairman, Education, 1997-2005 Digital Printing Council and E-Commerce Council, Printing Industries of America Steering Committee, Advisory Board Museum of Printing, North Andover, MA Trustee, President Association of Graphic Arts Consultants Vice President and Founder 1977-1978 President 1979–1980 Board of Directors 1980-1985 National Composition & Prepress Association, Section Printing Industries of America Treasurer 1979-1980 Vice Chairman 1981-1982 Chairman 1983-1985 Board of Directors 19731989 International Typographic Composition Association (now TIA) Board of Directors 1978-1979 Executive Committee 1978-1979 International Association of Printing House Craftsmen Boston Chapter Board of Directors 1979-1981 QuarkXPress Users International Founder 1991, Director of 4,000-member worldwide user group, 1989-1998 Printing Industries of America Electronic Pre-Press Section Steering Committee, Board of Advisors, 1989-1999 Pennsylvania College of Technology, Williamsport, PA Advisory Board, 1990-1993 Gamma Epsilon Tau Faculty Avisor, 1994-2000 Accrediting Council for Collegiate Graphic Communications Founding Member, Director, Team Leader for Accrediting Visits (Accredits 4-year graphic arts programs) FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Courses taught California PolyTechnic Institute 2007, 2011 Winter Quarter Typography Digital Printing Industry Trends Stout State University, Menonomee, Wisconsin 1973 Summer Masters program in printing education Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts Adjunct Professor in Continuing Education Department 1974–1990 Automated Typesetting and Publishing Rochester Institute of Technology Melbert B. Cary, Jr. Professor 1992–1998 Roger K. Fawcett Professor 1998–2005 Professor Emeritus 2005-present Electronic Publishing, Desktop Prepress, Digital Printing, and Digital Media FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media RIT educationaland other achievements Developed 7 new courses over first five years at RIT Electronic Publishing Digital and Multimedia Concepts Digital Printing Digital Workflow Desktop Prepress Advanced Multimedia for Publishing Digital Publishing Concepts Established digital printing at RIT. Developed some of the first multimedia courses at RIT. Helped to establish the Digital Media Center. Principal author of committee report Published 11 books with students over five years. Helped to place over 190 students in career positions in industry. Helped to establish the Digital Publishing Center. Provided speaking opportunities for 40 students at industry events over six years. Provided magazine writing opportunities for 21 students over six years. Initiated and published the PrintRIT Journal. Initited and authored Xerox consortium training program which has netted over $200,000. 1996-2000, co-taught courses once a year with Professor Owen Butler in Sscool of Photography Professor Roger Remmington in School of Design FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Institute service CIAS Curriculum Committee, 1999-2002 Chair SPMS Curriculum Committee, 1998-2002 Chair CIMS building committee, 1996-1997 CIMS Director Search Committee, 1996-1997 SPMS Director Search Committee, 1994 CIAS Miltimedia Taskforce, 1994 Digital Media Center, 1995-1998 Board SPMS Recruitment Committee, 1993-1995 SPMS Fellowship Committee, 1997-2001 Chair SPMS Scholarship Committee, 1997-2001 Chair FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Seminars presented Institute for Graphic Communication, now part of BIS Strategic Directions, 1973 to 1990: Over 135 occasions, about half as Conference Leader Representative subjects: Automated Pagination Systems, Productivity and the Printing Industry, New Developments in Printing Systems, Imaging Industries over the Next Decade, Interactive Integration of Text and Pictures, The Office of the Future, Trends in Printout, Document Processing in the Office of Tomorrow, Office Automation Systems, Demand Publishing, Electronic Art & Color Graphics National Composition & Prepress Association 1972 to 1989: 88 occasions, most as Chairman Subjects: Costing and Pricing, Front-End Systems, Managing a Small Typesetting Company, Automated Aesthetics, Word Processing Interfacing, Keynoter. Printing Industries of America (and GACNA) 1974 to present: Representative subjects: Trends in Publishing, Typesetting for the Printer, Color Publishing. Graphic Arts Council of North America seminars at major printing exhibitions. National Association of Printers and Lithographers 1975 to present: 20 occasions, including National Sheetfed Printing Conference, Top Management Conference In-Plant Printing Management Association 1973 to present: 15 occasions National convention, Boston, Connecticut, New York, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Ohio chapters; as well as national meetings. Society for Technical Communication 1973, 1985, 1989, 1999 Association of Business Communicators 1973, 1982, 1988 Council for Advancement and Support of Education 1978, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1987, 1988 The Navigators Club, New York 1980 American Association of University Presses 1979, 1988 College and University Printing Managers Association of Canada 1978, 1980 Association Maitres-Imprimerie de Quebec 1976 Graphic Arts Industries Association (Canada) 1975 International Association of Printing House Craftsmen 1974 to present: 20 occasions York (PA) Club of Printing Craftsmen 1986, 1990 Canadian Book Council 1983 New Hampshire Graphic Arts Association 1980, 1982 Merrimack Valley Graphic Arts Association (Mass.) 1979 International Word Processing Association (now ASIP) 1978, 1982 International Typographic Composition Association (TIA) Over 40 occasions 1973-1986 Western Typographers Association 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 National Newspaper Association 1985 Federal Publishers Committee 1985, 1988 Federal Office Automation Conference 1985, 1986 Typographers Association of New York 1972–1992: 398 occasions Representative subjects: Basic Typography, Advanced Typography, Costing and Pricing, Word Processing Interfacing, Plant Layout, Promotion for Typesetting Services. “Basic” course has taught over 4,800 students. In December, 1992 presented my 20th annual end of year report. International Association of Graphic Arts Educators 1977, 1979, 1988, 1990, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2004 International Thermography Association 1976 New York Composition Association 1975, 1976, 1978 Los Angeles Composition Association 1976, 1983 Printing Industries Association of Connecticut and Western Mass. 1979 Printing Industries of Illinois 1977, 2001 Printing Industries of New York State 1978, 1993, 1995, 2000, 2003 Printing Industries of New England 1998, 1999, 1999, 2000, 2008, 2009 New Jersey Graphic Arts Association 1979, 1986 New England Press Association 1979, 1988, 1991, 1992 Society for Publication Designers 1978 New York Association for Publication Production Managers 1978 Folio Book and Magazine Week 1977–1993, 1999, 2000 Annual seminars on electronic publishing for magazine publishers at premiere conference Folio Conferences in New Orleans, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York City, 1984–1993, 1999, 2000 International Association of Book Printers 1978, 1979 Magazine Publishers Association 1979 Graphic Communications Computer Association 1973, 1990 Engraved Stationery Manufacturers Association 1975 Conference Board of Major Printers 1976 American Printing History Association 1979, 2000, 2008 Printing Industries of Maryland 1978, 1985, 1994 International Prepress Association 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 1998 Graphic Communications Association Color Connections Seminar 1992 Vue/Point Pre-press Conference 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1999, 2000 Research and Engineering Council 1992, 1995, 1999 Association of American Publishers 1979, 1982, 1988 Society of Photographic Scientists and Engineers 1978, 1984, 1988 TypeWorld-sponsored seminars 1978-1993: 98 occasions Book Builders of Boston 1974, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1987, 2008 Society of Printers 1975, 2009 Rochester Institute of Technology T&E Seminars 1978, 1979, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995–present Boston Computer Society 1987, 1989 The Religion Publishing Group 1990 Graphic Arts Technical Foundation Color Seminars 1975, 1987, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999 Type Directors Club of New York 1976, 1981, 1989, 1991 Philadelphia Book Clinic 1985 Women in Production 1986, 1988 Seybold Publishing 1987-2005 (6 occasions as keynote speaker to audiences of over 2,000 people) Association of College and University Printers 1988 Public Relations Society of America, Hartford Chapter 1987 Business Forms Association 1988 XPLOR Association Global Conference 1988, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 including keynotes to 4,000 attendees Label Printers of America 1999 Gartner Group Corporate Publishing Conference 1989 Binding Industries of America, 2000 New Jersey Typographers Association 1988, 1989 Network Northeastern 1988, 1989 First televised seminars to over 6,000 viewers in industry and education by Northeastern University Graphic Communications 3 Conference Program 1988–1998. Organize, and present some of the 58 seminar sessions attended by over 8,000 people New England Newspaper Association pre-press seminars 1991, 1992 Graph Expo Seminar Program 1997-2009 Organize, and present some of the 60 seminar sessions International Graphic Arts Educators Association, 1988, 1995, 1998, 2000 Conceppts, 1995 First broadcast using Macintosh ISDN video link from RIT Wallace Library to audience in Orlando, Fla. Ukranian Printers Association 1982 Irish Trade Board 1979 Lectures in Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Dubai, Indonesia, Croatia, Austria, Hungary, Denmark, Sweden, UK . . . and many others FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Awards Print Champion Award, UK, 2010 Graphic Arts Marketing Information Service, PIA, Neil Richards Visionary Award, 1999 Digital Printing Hall of Fame, 1999 National Association of Printers and Lithographers, Leadership Award, 1995 Graphic Arts Technical Foundation Education Excellence Award, 1997 Water Soderstrom Society inductee, 1998 National Composition Association Distinguished Service Award, 1977 Highest honor of the typographic industry; only awarded to 11 other recipients, one of whom was the inventor of photographic typesetting Elmer Voigt Education Award, 1980 New York School of Graphic Communications Wall of Fame, 1992 (Plaque right next to Gutenberg!) Dwiggins Award (Bookbuilders of Boston), 1985 (25th recipient) Friedman Award, 1990 (33rd recipient since 1938—also presented to Frederick Goudy in 1936) Leo H. Joachim Award, 1992 Bestowed by 14 associations comprising Printing Week in New York City Honorary Membership Gamma Epsilon Tau Honor Fraternity, Zeta Chapter, 1995 Honorary Lifetime Membership Digital Graphics Association, New York City, 1990 Graphic Arts Technical Association Educator of the Year, 1996 Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society, 1995 Letter of Commendation from U.S. Senator Gordon Humphrey (NH), 1985, on retirement as Chairman of the National Composition Association Many other certificates, plaques and awards for seminars, conferences and speeches FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Books authored or co-authored Handbook of Composition Input (American Press), 1973, 180 pages How to Build a Profitable Newspaper (North American Publishing), 1974, 170 pages Photocomposition and You (GAMA), 1974; 150 pages Automated Typesetting: The Basic Course (GAMA), 1974; 200 pages (also in French) Don’t Call It Cold Type (GAMA), 1977, 200 pages Practical Typography (NCA), 1983, 300 pages The TypEncyclopedia (Bowker), 1984, 200 pages Machine Writing & Typesetting (GAMA), 1986; 160 pages Desktop Typography with QuarkXPress (TAB), 1988, 220 pages; 2nd Edition, 1992, 250 pages The Computer Did It (PW), 1992, 176 pages QuarkXPress Slick Tips & Tricks (MPP), 1995, 160 pages Pocket Guide to Digital Prepress (Delmar), 1995, 344 pages (translated into Chinese) On-Demand Printing (GATF) with Howard Fenton, 1995, 200 pages, 2nd Edition 1995, 300 pages Digital Media (MPP), 1996, 200 pages Computer-To-Plate: Automating the Printing Industry (GATF) with Richard Adams, 1997, 240 pgs Delmar Dictionary of Digital Printing & Publishing (Delmar), 1997, 700 pages, 6,000 terms PDF Printing and Publishing (MPP and Agfa), 1997, 200 pages (translated into 6 languages) Encyclopedia of Graphic Communications (GATF), with Richard Romano 1998, 1,000 pages, 10,000 terms QuarkXPress 4 Only (Prentice Hall), with Eike Lumma 1998, 400 pages Personalized and Database Printing (MPP), with David Broudy 1999, 320 pages Timelines of History (GATF), 1998, 120 pages PDF Printing and Workflow (Prentice Hall), 1998, 400 pages Professional Prepress, Printing and Publishing (Prentice Hall), 1999, 670 pages Professional Digital Photography (Prentice Hall), with Bill Erikson 1999, 320 pages InDesign InDetail (Prentice Hall), with David Broudy 1999, 500 pages Desktop Follies (GAMA), 1999, 320 pages Computer-To-Plate Primer (GATF), with Richard Adams 1999, 200 pages Digital Printing Pocket Primer (Windsor), 2000, 320 pages Acrobat PDF Workflow InDetail (Prentice Hall), 2000, 500 pages 2000 Yearbook, companion to Enclyclopedia of Graphic Communication (GATF), 2000, 200 pages Inkjet! (PIA), 2008, 200 pages The Future of Print (Gama), 2010, 120 pages Editor of Pocket Primer Series, with books by RIT students Peter Muir, Ron Goldberg, and Ric Withers FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Articles Electronic Publishing Founder, Monthly article 1994–present Aldus Magazine American Printer Digital Prepress editor, 1973–1988, 1994–1997, “Golden Keys” award for series Canadian Printer and Publisher Phototypesetting Editor, 1974 to 1991. Over 90 articles Printing News Over 30 articles Inplant Printer Book and Magazine Production (now High Volume Printing) Folio (The Magazine for Magazine Management) Over 180 articles since 1975 The Office Advertising Age Graphic Arts Buyer Magazine Design & Production Publishing Trade HOW Art Product News Electronic Printing (Maclean Hunter Publishing) Founding Editor, 1986-1988. Monthly feature articles 1986–1988 Desktop Communications The Typographer Founding editor, 1976–1978 NCPP Journal Founding editor, 1990–1991 PrintRIT Journal Founding editor, 1993–1996 Digital Imaging and many more individual articles in a variety of publications, national and international FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Other publications The Penrose Annual 1979, 1980 International Paper Pocket Pal 1979, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2000 editions McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Technology 1982, 1984, 1990, 1994 Sections on Type and Typesetting Graphic Arts Manual 1980 Several sections on pre-press production Eastman Kodak 1978, 1979, 1980 Booklets on typesetting Printing Industry Trends Almanac 1981 Editor of PIA-sponsored publications NAPL Blue Books 1979, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1988 Random House Dictionary 1983 Typographic Terms (with Michael Bruno) Electronic Publishing & Printing 1985-1987 Executive Editor Hammermill Guide to Desktop Publishing 1989 World Book Encyclopedia 1993, 1999, 2000 Re-wrote sections on Photocomposition, Printing Encyclopaedia Brittanica 1994, Section on Typesetting Encyclopaedia Brittanica 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 Yearbook section on printing NAPL Tech Trends Report, Quarterly 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 Digital Printing Report for Digital Printing Council, PIA, monthly, 1993-2004 Print E-Business Report for E-Commerce Council, PIA, monthly, 2000-2004 EDSF Newsletter, Editor, 1998-present Prining Scection, Encyclopedia of Journalism (Sage Publishing), 2010 FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Vendor-sponsored projects 1972-1973: Development of small systems specifications for Hendrix Electronics 1972-1973: Word processing interface from Redactron to GSI typesetter 1973-1975: Design of unique mnemonic keyboard layout for Itek 1974: Marketing evaluations for Dymo Graphic Systems 1974-1983: Marketing and technology analysis for Xerox 1976: Marketing and technology analysis for Digital Equipment Corp. 1977-1984: Marketing and technology analyses for IBM 1979: Marketing and technology analysis for Bobst Graphic, Lausanne, Switzerland 1989: Marketing and technology analysis on non-silver imagesetting film 1992: Research on digital printing 1993: Testing and market study for Xerox VerdePrint non-silver graphic arts film 1994: Scanner market study for Janus 1995: Marketing and technology analysis on direct imaging presses for Presstek 1998-2000: Chair, NexPress advisory committee 2008, 2010: Insight Reports for Canon Europe Many other projects involving research and market analysis plus advisory board participation FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Research reports Personal Computer Composition & Publishing Software Markets, 1984 Datek Typographic Printers Report, 1985 IGC Demand Printing & Publishing Markets & Opportunities Report, 1986 Talk about being ahead of your time IGC Electronic Art Report 1987 Short-Run Color Printing, 1990–1992 Digital Colour Printing for Sofina, Brussels-based investment organization, 2000 The Future of Print for Electronic Document Systems Foundation, 2000 Printing in the Age of the Web and Beyond, 1999 Printing Industry Demographics, 2001, 2009 Numerous reports and analyses for venture capital and other financial organizations. FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Consulting projects 1972 to present Over 1,000 projects involving the analysis, selection, application, installation and operation of premedia and electronic publishing systems for pre-media services, printers, publishers, newspapers, government, in-plant and corporate applications. Representative list: Hallmark Cards Port Authority of NY & NJ RJR Nabisco National Life of Vermont Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. John Hancock Insurance Aetna Insurance Prudential Insurance Confederation Life (Canada) Horticulture Magazine F&W Publishing HP Publications National Enquirer Yankee Magazine New York Times Hemmings Motor News Financial World magazine New York Teacher magazine Common Cause Venture Magazine Journal Publications Dennison Manufacturing Fidelity Investments CIT Financial E.F. Hutton University of Toronto Press Wellesley College Thomas Jefferson University University of Chicago University of New Hampshire National Center for Health Statistics Bureau of the Census National Cancer Institute International Monetary Fund (3 occasions) Centers for Disease Control Federal Prisons, Dept. of Justice Department of Energy, OSTI U.S. Congress (Congressional Record) U.S. Geological Survey Office of Technology Assessment Government of Alberta, Canada U.S. Government Printing Office Defense Mapping Agency CRR Publishing Chicago Tribune Warner Books Harlequin Books, Toronto McGraw-Hill Publications General Electric Four Winds Travel Waverly Press Equity Publishing Grayarc Monarch Marking Systems Mead Data Systems J.S. Paluch Publishing United Nations (3 occasions since 1980) Imperial Printing New England Business Service U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention University of Nebraska University of Waterloo, Canada University of Vermont Notre Dame University Simplicity Pattern Rous & Mann, Toronto Black & Decker Chemical Abstracts Service Boehringer-Manheim Wisconsin Gas Safeguard Business Systems Doubleday Book Club Book Press International Data Corporation Encyclopaedia Britannica Analog Devices First USA National Academy of Sciences Florida Bar Association American Management Association National Assn. College & Univ. Bus. Officers American Library Association American Dental Association Maclean Hunter Printing & Publishing, Toronto Fred Meyer Corp. Ralston Purina Educational Testing Service Pacific Gas & Electric Ogilvey & Mather J. Walter Thompson Rorer Pharmaceuticals Scientific American Medical Division Little Brown Publishers American Greetings M&T Bank Association of American Advertising Agencies FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media Other • City University of New York (Brooklyn College) BA, English, 1966 • Teaching Certificate, New York City Board of Education (High School English) • U.S. Naval Air Reserve 1962–1970 Meritorious Service Ribbons. Honorable Discharge. Air intelligence office, aircrewman in S2F and P2V aircraft • Highest-level security clearance for work with various governmental clients. • In 1984, testified before a House of Representatives Sub-Committee investigating the effects of video display terminals on operators, representing the interests of the typesetting and printing industry through PIA Government Affairs. • In 1988, member of the commission established by the Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Congress, to participate in the study of Federal information dissemination, “Informing the Nation.” • In 1992, involved in the development of the electronic version of the Congressional Record and other non-print derivative publications. • Expert testimony for Mead (Lexis-Nexis), Monotype, Victoria’s Secret (it had to do with type, honest), and Varityper, among others. FRANK J. ROMANO Professor Emeritus, RIT School of Print Media 160+ quotes in various media mentioning Frank Romano and RIT affiliation: Business and news media Barron’s Boston Globe Business Week Chicago Tribune Christian Science Monitor Detroit Free Press Financial Times Forbes New York Times Rochester Business Journal Rochester Democrat & Chronicle Times of London USA Today Wall Street Journal Other U.S. newspapers Associated Press Generates quotes in 40+ papers Graphic arts trade press American Printer Canadian Printer Deutsche Drucker (Germany) Electronic Publishing Graphic Arts Monthly Printing Week (Great Britain) Other trade publications Publications in Australia Belgium Canada China Egypt Iceland Italy Japan Russia 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 2000 2001 2002 2003 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Radio and TV Rochester ABC, CBS, NBC affiliates Rochester radio National Public Radio Association publications American Banking Association International Prepress Association NAPL PIA XPLOR Other associations Supplier publications Agfa Creo Heidelberg Mohawk Paper Presstek Scitex Stora-Enso Xerox 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 1999 2000 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x EXHIBIT B EXHIBIT C EXHIBIT D EXHIBIT E

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