Perkins v. Napoli et al
Filing
135
DECISION AND ORDER denying 97 Motion to Dismiss. Defendants motion to dismiss [#97] is denied. However, Plaintiffs in forma pauperis status is revoked. Plaintiff must pay the applicable filing fee of three hundred fifty dollars ($350) with in thirty days of the filing of this Decision and Order, and his failure to pay such fee will result in a dismissal of this case without further order of the Court. In the event that this action is dismissed for Plaintiffs failure to pay the filing fee, the Court hereby certifies, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a), that any appeal from this Order would not be taken in good faith and leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals as a poor person is denied. Coppedge v. United States, 369 U.S. 438 (1 962). Further requests to proceed on appeal in forma pauperis should be directed on motion to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in accordance with Rule 24 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.Signed by Hon. Charles J. Siragusa on 11/8/12. (KAP)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
WESTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
__________________________________________
MICHAEL PERKINS, 95A0851,
Plaintiff
-vs-
DECISION AND ORDER
08-CV-6248 CJS(JWF)
D.F. NAPOLI, et al.,
Defendants
__________________________________________
INTRODUCTION
Plaintiff, a prisoner in the custody of the New York State Department of
Corrections and Community Services (“ DOCCS” ), is suing pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §
1983, alleging that Defendants violated his federal constitutional rights. Now before
the Court is Defendants’ motion to revoke Plaintiff’ s in forma pauperis status and
dismiss this action. (Docket No. [#97]). The application to dismiss is denied, but
Plaintiff’ s in forma pauperis status is revoked and he must pay the filing fee w ithin
thirty days or this action w ill be dismissed.
BACKGROUND
On June 6, 2008, Plaintiff submitted to the Court a Complaint and an
application to proceed in forma pauperis (“ IFP” ). The Complaint [#1] alleged that at
Southport Correctional Facility (“ Southport” ), Corrections Officer McGrain stole or
destroyed nine books belonging to Plaintiff. The Complaint further alleged that
Deputy Superintendent Marilyn Bridge and Superintendent David F. Napoli failed to
remedy the situation.
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The form complaint that Plaintiff used required him to list any other law suits
that he had filed pertaining to his imprisonment. Plaintiff responded by listing a
single action, w hich had been filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District
of New York. Specifically, Plaintiff indicated that law suit w as against the Deputy
Superintendent of Security at Clinton Correctional Facility, w hose name he claimed
not to remember, Corrections Officer O’ Connor, and a civilian hearing officer w hose
name he claimed not to remember. Plaintiff indicated that the action had been
assigned to the Honorable Law rence E. Kahn, United States District Judge for the
Northern District of New York, w ho had “ dismissed” the action and entered
judgment for the defendants. As w ill be discussed further below , Plaintiff’ s
representation that this w as his only prior law suit arising from his imprisonment w as
indisputably incorrect.
On July 30, 2008, Plaintiff asked to amend his complaint to add claims that
corrections officers at Southport had assaulted him on July 5, 2008. Plaintiff
indicated that he believed that the assault w as in retaliation for him filing this action.
Plaintiff further asked for injunctive relief, transferring him out of Southport “ before
he is assaulted again.”
On August 11, 2008, Plaintiff filed a request [#6] for permission to w ithdraw
this action w ithout prejudice. In that regard, Plaintiff stated that he had previously
filed tw o separate actions concerning events at Southport, and that he w anted to
combine them into one action, to avoid having to pay a separate filing fee for each
action. On August 27, 2008, Plaintiff filed another request [#7] to w ithdraw this
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action, for the same reason. In both applications [#6][#7], Plaintiff indicated that
Southport staff w ere interfering w ith his ability to file another action, but he did not
allege that he w as in imminent danger.
On September 15, 2008, the Court issued an Order [#8] granting Plaintiff
permission to proceed in forma pauperis. The Court further indicated that rather
than allow ing the action to be w ithdraw n, it w ould grant Plaintiff until October 20,
2008, to file a new complaint. In that regard, the Court specifically indicated that it
w ould review the new proposed complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § § 1915 and
1915A.
On October 10, 2008, Plaintiff filed a proposed Amended Complaint [#10],
again using the form complaint supplied by the Court. When asked to list any prior
law suits that he had filed pertaining to his imprisonment (not involving the actions
involved in this law suit), he again listed only the one aforementioned action in the
Northern District, w hich had been assigned to Judge Kahn. This time, how ever,
Plaintiff indicated that the defendants’ names in that law suit w ere “ Tedford,
O’ Connor and Drow n.”
When asked w hen that action w as filed and terminated,
Plaintiff w rote, “ Don’ t remember,” although he indicated that judgment w as entered
for the defendants. The pleading did not allege that Plaintiff w as in imminent danger.
Before the Court could issue an order regarding the proposed pleading
pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § § 1915 and 1915A, Plaintiff filed tw o additional requests
[#14][#15] to amend the complaint. On February 27, 2009, the Court issued a
Decision and Order [#16], indicating that Plaintiff could have another opportunity to
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submit a proposed amended pleading, and that such pleading w ould be review ed
pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § § 1915 and 1915A.
On April 8, 2009, Plaintiff filed the proposed amended pleading. Once again,
w hen asked to list his prior law suits, Plaintiff listed only the one case that had been
assigned to Judge Kahn. This action then proceeded through pretrial discovery.
On May 12, 2011, Defendants filed the subject motion to dismiss [#97].
Specifically, Defendants indicate that the Court should revoke Plaintiff’ s in forma
pauperis status pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g), and dismiss the action, because
prior to the date that Plaintiff commenced this action, he had at least three other
actions dismissed as being frivolous, malicious, or failing to state a claim. In that
regard, the relevant section states:
In no event shall a prisoner bring a civil action or appeal a judgment in a
civil action or proceeding under this section if the prisoner has, on 3 or
more prior occasions, w hile incarcerated or detained in any facility,
brought an action or appeal in a court of the United States that w as
dismissed on the grounds that it is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state
a claim upon w hich relief may be granted, unless the prisoner is under
imminent danger of serious physical injury.
28 U.S.C.A. § 1915(g) (West 2012). Alternatively, Defendants ask the Court to
dismiss the action “ as a sanction for [Plaintiff] omitting material litigation history in
the Complaint.”
In support of the application to dismiss, Defendants contend that Plaintiff had
at least three dismissals prior to this action that count as strikes. Defendants cite an
order dated August 18, 2010, by Judge Kahn in the case Perkins v. Rock, et al.,
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9:10-CV-0375 (LEK/RFT), w hich is attached to Defendants’ motion. In that case,
Judge Kahn found that the “ three strikes” provision in § 1915(g) barred Plaintiff
from proceeding in forma pauperis. In doing so, Judge Kahn relied upon a decision
of the Honorable Glenn Suddaby, United States District Judge for the Northern
District, w hich indicated that Plaintiff had at least three “ strikes” as of September
18, 2008. See, Perkins v. Rock decision at p. 4 (quoting Perkins v. Rock, 9:10-CV0414 (GTS/DEP), Docket No. 9, (N.D.N.Y. Jul. 26, 2010). One of the strikes
referred to by Judge Suddaby w as issued by this Court, in the case of Perkins v.
Doe, 08-CV-6257 CJS (Fe), in a Decision and Order dated September 8, 2008. 1
Tw o other strike dismissals issued prior to that decision w ere Perkins v. NYC Dept.
of Corrections, 94-CV-1613, Judgment (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 10, 1994) and Perkins v.
Morgenthau, 94-CV-4553, Judgment (S.D.N.Y. Jun. 21, 1994).
In response to the motion to dismiss, Plaintiff admits that the tw o abovereferenced dismissals from the Southern District of New York are “ strikes” w ithin the
meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g). How ever, he contends that this Court’ s dismissal
in Perkins v. Doe cannot count as a strike, since the dismissal occurred after he
commenced this action. In that regard, Plaintiff contends that he commenced this
action on June 6, 2008, and the Court did not dismiss Perkins v. Doe until
September 8, 2008. Plaintiff further contends that his failure to list his prior
law suits in his Complaints in this action w as due to an oversight.
1
The Decision and Order w as signed on September 8th, not September 18th.
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DISCUSSION
Clearly, the Court may revoke a prisoner plaintiff’s IFP status if it determines that
he is in violation of the three strikes provision, which the Court already set forth above.
See, generally, Harris v. City of New York, 607 F.3d 18 (2d Cir. 2010); Collazo v.
Pagano, 656 F.3d 131, 133-134 (2d Cir. 2011).
Plaintiff admits that he had at least two strikes, from the Northern District of New
York, before he commenced this action. However, he maintains that this Court’s
dismissal of Perkins v. Doe, 08-CV-6257 CJS (Fe) cannot count as a strike, since it
occurred on September 8, 2008, w hich is after he commenced this action, on June
6, 2008. The Court disagrees. As set forth earlier, this case had an unusual
procedural history, ow ing mainly to the fact that very early on, Plaintiff sought to
amend his pleading several times, and then sought to w ithdraw it in order to save
money. As a result, it w as not until September 15, 2008, that the Court granted
Plaintiff’ s IFP application. Significantly, that date w as after Plaintiff earned his third
strike, w ith the dismissal of Perkins v. Doe, on September 8, 2008.
Plaintiff’ s action w as not properly filed until this Court granted his IFP
application. See, Romand v. Zimmerman, 881 F.Supp. 806, 809 (N.D.N.Y. 1995)
(“ A complaint is not properly filed until after a decision on w hether to proceed in
forma pauperis has been made.” ); Dzaba v. Blyth Eastman Paine Webber, No. 84
Civ. 3711 (GLG), 1985 WL 199 at * 2 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 17, 1985) (“ A complaint
tendered IFP cannot technically be ‘ filed’ until either leave to proceed IFP has been
granted or the plaintiff has remitted the filing fee.” ); Gibbs v. Ryan, 160 F.3d 160,
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162 (3rd Cir. 1998) (“ [Plaintiff’ s] complaint w as filed, and his action w as ‘ brought’
w hen his motion to proceed in forma pauperis w as granted.” ). The Court therefore
finds that Plaintiff had three strikes before this action w as brought. In any event, it
is clear that Plaintiff had three strikes before the Court granted his IFP application,
w hich in the Court’ s view required the denial of application under 28 U.S.C. §
1915(g). The Court further finds that the “ imminent danger” exception does not
apply.
Alternatively, the Court finds that revocation of Plaintiff’ s IFP status is
w arranted, as a sanction w hich the Court may impose pursuant to its inherent
authority over this action, because he repeatedly misrepresented his prior litigation
history to the Court, w hich hampered the Court’ s ability to evaluate his IFP
application. Significantly, on three occasions Plaintiff failed to disclose that he had
at least tw o prior dismissals that count as strikes under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g).
Plaintiff contends that his failure w as due to “ the human (harmless) error
pursuant to forgetfulness.” Pl. Opposition [#103] at p. 1. This explanation is not at
all credible. Rather, it appears that Plaintiff has consistently misrepresented his
litigation history to this Court and to other courts, in order to evade 28 U.S.C. §
1915(g). See, e.g., Perkins v. Napoli, 09-CV-6302, Decision and Order [#90] at p. 3
(“ [T]he Court w as unaw are that both Plaintiff’ s original Complaint [#1] and his
Amended Complaint [#3] misstated the number of previous prisoner law suits that he
had filed.” ). For example, in the action of Perkins v. Quinn, 9:09-CV-0472
(N.D.N.Y.), Plaintiff told the Honorable Thomas J. McAvoy, Senior U.S. District
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Judge, that he w as not the person w ho had filed Perkins v. Doe, 08-CV-6257 in this
Court. See, Decision and Order2 of Judge McAvoy dated April 19, 2011, at p. 2 in
Perkins v. Quinn (“ In support of his motion for reconsideration, plaintiff claimed that
(1) he had ‘ no know ledge or remembrance’ of ever filing the actions determined by
this Court to constitute ‘ strikes’ for purposes of 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g); (2) ‘ there w as
an error in the citation of docket no. 08-CV-6257' [Perkins v. Doe] because he did
not file that action in the Western District of New York[.]” ) (emphasis added). As
Plaintiff later admitted to Judge McAvoy, that contention w as untrue. See, id. at p.
5 (“ In his motion to vacate . . . plaintiff now concedes that . . . he did file Perkins v.
NYC Dept. of Corrections, 94-CV-1613; Perkins v. Morganthau, 94-CV-4553; and
Perkins v. Doe, 08-CV-6257[.]” ) (emphasis added).
Accordingly, revocation of Plaintiff’ s IFP status is w arranted based upon his
bad faith misrepresentations to the Court. See, Harris v. City of New York, 607 F.3d
at 23 (“ As an initial matter, w e note that Harris' s ‘ Prisoner Complaint’ forms
misrepresented how many strike suits he had filed prior to bringing the instant
action. Harris should not benefit from his ow n misleading submissions[.]” ); Cameron
v. Lambert, No. 07 Civ. 9258(DC), 2008 WL 4823596 at * 4 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 7,
2008) (“ Pursuant to its inherent pow er, a court may impose sanctions against a
party for ‘ act[ing] in bad faith, vexatiously, w antonly, or for oppressive reasons.’
Chambers v. NASCO, Inc., 501 U.S. 32, 45-46 (1991) (citations omitted), and for
2
Judge McAvoy’ s Decision and Order is filed as “ Exhibit A” to Plaintiff’ s Opposition [#103]
in this action.
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‘ misconduct during the course of litigation.’ Milltex Indus. Corp. v. Jacquard Lace
Co., 55 F.3d 34, 37-38 (2d Cir.1995).” ). How ever, Defendants’ request to dismiss
the action outright is denied, and the Court w ill give Plaintiff an opportunity to pay
the filing fee.
CONCLUSION
Defendant’ s motion to dismiss [#97] is denied. How ever, Plaintiff’ s in forma
pauperis status is revoked. Plaintiff must pay the applicable filing fee of three hundred
fifty dollars ($350) within thirty days of the filing of this Decision and Order, and his failure
to pay such fee will result in a dismissal of this case without further order of the Court.
In the event that this action is dismissed for Plaintiff’s failure to pay the filing fee,
the Court hereby certifies, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a), that any appeal from this
Order would not be taken in good faith and leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals as a
poor person is denied. Coppedge v. United States, 369 U.S. 438 (1962). Further
requests to proceed on appeal in forma pauperis should be directed on motion to the
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in accordance with Rule 24 of the
Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.
So Ordered.
Dated:
Rochester, New York
November 8, 2012
ENTER:
/s/ Charles J. Siragusa
CHARLES J. SIRAGUSA
United States District Judge
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