CARRINGTON et al v. DUKE UNIVERSITY et al

Filing 96

RESPONSE in Opposition re 62 The Duke University Defendants' MOTION to Dismiss Complaint; filed by KYLE DOWD, PATRICIA DOWD, DANIEL FLANNERY, RICHARD GIBBS FOGARTY, ZACHARY GREER, IRENE GREER, ERIK S. HENKELMAN, STEVEN W. HENKELMAN, JOHN E. JENNISON, BEN KOESTERER, EDWARD CARRINGTON, MARK KOESTERER, JOYCE KOESTERER, FRED KROM, PETER J. LAMADE, ADAM LANGLEY, CHRISTOPHER LOFTUS, DANIEL LOFTUS, BARBARA LOFTUS, ANTHONY MCDEVITT, GLENN NICK, CASEY J. CARROLL, NICHOLAS O'HARA, LYNNDA O'HARA, DANIEL OPPEDISANO, SAM PAYTON, JOHN BRADLEY ROSS, KENNETH SAUER, III, STEVE SCHOEFFEL, ROBERT SCHROEDER, DEVON SHERWOOD, DANIEL THEODORIDIS, MICHAEL P. CATALINO, BRET THOMPSON, CHRISTOPHER TKAC, TRACY TKAC, JOHN WALSH, JR, MICHAEL WARD, ROBERT H. WELLINGTON, IV, WILLIAM WOLCOTT, MICHAEL YOUNG, GALE CATALINO, THOMAS V. CLUTE, KEVIN COLEMAN, JOSHUA R. COVELESKI, EDWARD J. CROTTY, EDWARD S. DOUGLAS. Replies due by 9/15/2008. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 -- Agreement for Police Cooperation, Mutual Aid, and Campus Law Enforcement Agency Extended Jurisdiction, # 2 Exhibit 2 -- North Carolina Session 2003, Chapter 329, House Bill 736) (COOPER, CHARLES)

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF NORTH CAROLINA No. 1:08-cv-119 ______________________________________ ) EDWARD CARRINGTON, et al., ) ) Plaintiffs, ) v. ) ) DUKE UNIVERSITY, et al., ) ) Defendants. ) ______________________________________ ) PLAINTIFFS' OPPOSITION TO DEFENDANT BENJAMIN HIMAN'S AND DEFENDANT LINWOOD WILSON'S MOTIONS TO DISMISS PURSUANT TO RULE 12(b)(6) I. NATURE OF PROCEEDINGS We state the nature of the proceedings elsewhere. Plaintiffs Opposition to City of Durham's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Durham Opp.") Part I. This brief addresses the motions to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6) of Benjamin Himan and Linwood Wilson.1 II. STATEMENT OF FACTS Officer Benjamin Himan2 of the Durham Police takes issue, as do other Defendant Linwood Wilson, appearing pro se, has filed a brief that is a nearly verbatim copy of the brief submitted on behalf of Defendant Himan. We will therefore treat the two briefs as one, and all the arguments addressed herein to Himan's brief should be understood as responding to Wilson's as well. The one distinction worth noting is that Wilson, but not Himan, asserts not only qualified immunity but also absolute prosecutorial immunity. This point will be dealt with separately, infra. Wilson makes one truly remarkable argument in his Statement of Facts: he claims partial credit for the ultimate exoneration of Plaintiffs, asserting that the "innocence of the indicted players was established in part due to information gathered by 2 1 Defendants, with what he derides as the Complaint's "hyperbolic characterizations of the stated events." Brief in Support of Defendant Himan's Motion to Dismiss ("Himan Br.") 3; see also, e.g., Brief in Support of Defendant Wilson's Motion to Dismiss ("Wilson Br.") 2. Actually, genuine hyperbole is hard to come by, precisely because the events in this case are so appalling that resorting to hyperbole is unnecessary and scarcely possible. The Duke rape hoax convulsed the Durham community and dominated the national news media for a year. The district attorney has been disgraced, disbarred, and jailed. The Attorney General of North Carolina took over the case and repudiated both the investigation conducted by the Durham Police, and the analysis of medical and physical evidence conducted by Duke University Hospital. General Cooper concluded that there was no medical or physical evidence whatsoever of a crime, that the complaining witness whom Himan credited could not possibly be believed, and that the lacrosse players whom Himan persecuted by fabricating evidence and suborning perjury were, in truth, innocent. Defendant Wilson and members of the Durham Police Department." Brief in Support of Defendant Wilson's Motion to Dismiss ("Wilson Br.") 2 n.1. But as the Complaint explains, the lacrosse players were exonerated only when Attorney General Roy Cooper displaced Nifong, Wilson, Gottlieb, and Himan and "conducted an intensive, thorough, and independent investigation of the evidence." Carrington Complaint ("Compl.") ¶ 467 (emphasis added). General Cooper's team examined the same evidence that Nifong's team had. The only difference was that General Cooper, unlike Nifong, Wilson, and the rest, was not part of a conspiracy to search, arrest, prosecute, convict, and presumably imprison Plaintiffs despite their known innocence. Thus Wilson effectively concedes that he always knew that the evidence he had helped gather plainly exonerated, rather than incriminated, Plaintiffs. 2 III. QUESTIONS PRESENTED 1. Whether Plaintiffs state claims for violations of their rights under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Counts 20-22 and 24-25). 2. Whether Defendants Himan, Gottlieb, Wilson, Addison, and the Supervisory Defendants are entitled to qualified immunity from Plaintiffs' federal claims (Counts 20-22, 24-25). 3. Whether Defendant Wilson is shielded by absolute immunity. 4. Whether Himan or any other Durham Investigator or Durham Supervisor have publicofficial immunity against Plaintiffs' state-law intentional tort claims (Counts 8, 10, 23, 28). 5. Whether Plaintiffs have stated a claim for obstruction of justice (Count 23). 6. Whether Plaintiffs have stated a claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress (Count 28). IV. STANDARD OF REVIEW We state the standard of review elsewhere. See Plaintiffs' Opposition to Defendant City of Durham's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Durham Opp.") Part IV. V. ARGUMENT Defendants Himan and Wilson advance a variety of challenges to Plaintiffs' claims. As explained below, some of Defendant's arguments have merit, but most do not.3 We incorporate into this opposition all oppositions filed today by Plaintiffs against the motions to dismiss of the Duke University Defendants, the Duke SANE Defendants, Defendant City of Durham, the Durham Supervisor Defendants, Defendant Gottlieb, Defendant Himan, Defendant Wilson, Defendant Addison, and Defendant Covington. Cross references to specific sections of Plaintiffs' other oppositions are provided throughout this brief 3 3 A. The Complaint Adequately Pleads Violations of Plaintiffs' Rights Under the Due Process Clause (Counts 22 and 24) Himan argues that the malicious acts and conspiracy perpetrated in the course of his investigation of the Duke rape hoax do not constitute a constitutionally cognizable injury. Himan Br. 13-17; Wilson Br. 7-10. We address these issues elsewhere. See Plaintiffs' Opposition to the Durham Supervisor Defendants' Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Supervisor Opp.") Part V.C. B. The Complaint Adequately Pleads Violations of Plaintiffs' Rights Under the Fourth Amendment (Count 21) Himan contends that there was probable cause to seek the NTO for the lacrosse players' DNA. Himan Br. 18-25; Wilson Br. 10-17. We address the constitutional infirmities of Defendants' application for an NTO elsewhere. See Plaintiffs' Opposition to Defendant City of Durham's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Durham Opp.") Part V; Pls.' Supervisor Opp. Part V.D; Plaintiffs' Opposition to Gottlieb's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Gottlieb Opp.") Part V.A. We also offer the following responses to Himan's unique arguments. Himan contends that he cannot be faulted for putting the false statements that Mangum was "strangled" and that she was anally raped into the NTO application because the Complaint "do[es] not allege that Investigator Himan knew that these statements were false." Himan Br. 21. Himan alleges that only Duke had this information. Id. Not true, and Defendant is not permitted on this Rule 12 motion to dispute the facts alleged in the Complaint. Himan knew the strangulation statement was false because he and Gottlieb 4 made it up: Mangum had never said anything to either policeman about being choked, nor was that claim in any of the seven different rape stories she told at the hospital. Compl. ¶ 205. Himan ignored that exculpatory evidence and conspired with Levicy to investigate a crime that did not exist. ¶¶ 190-92, 311, 313, 462-63; see Pls.' SANE Opp. Part V.C.1.a. Himan insists that he was entitled to base probable cause entirely on the statements of Mangum as the complaining witness without consideration of any other evidence. Himan Br. 22-24; Wilson Br. 15-17. But the authority Himan relies upon involved a crime with only one witness--the alleged victim--and that witness was, all things considered, credible (and severely battered, as well). See Torchinsky v. Siwinski, 942 F.2 257, 263 (4th Cir. 1990), quoted in Himan Br. 23-24. In contrast, the supposed victim here, Crystal Mangum, was unbelievable from the outset, and got even less every time she told a different version of the bogus attack; she repeatedly recanted her allegations of rape; she exhibited no bruises, bleeding, abrasions, or other physical injuries from the supposed gang-rape by at least three and as many as twenty attackers; and she might as well have been picking her alleged "attackers" in Himan's rigged photo lineups by the eenie-meenie-minie-moe method. Compl. ¶¶ 7, 106, 110, 123-25. But the most important distinction is that in the present case there was a second exotic dancer ­ Kim Roberts ­ who witnessed all the events at issue, and initially she said nothing happened. Compl. ¶¶ 180-83. Had Gottlieb and Himan not entered into a conspiracy with Tara Levicy, and had they disclosed the exculpatory medical evidence in the NTO 5 application, the judge surely would have denied it. Unsurprisingly, Himan does not even try to explain away his conspiracy with Levicy. C. Count 20 Pleads a Constitutional Claim Pertaining to Plaintiffs' KeyCard Data Defendant Himan's challenges to the Fourth Amendment rights at issue in Count 20, see Himan Br. 25-26; Wilson Br. 17-19, are addressed elsewhere. See Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.C.1, 3; Pls.' Gottlieb Opp. Part V.D. D. Count 25 Adequately States a Claim Under Section 1983 Defendant Himan contends that Plaintiffs cannot state a claim for harm to their reputations. Himan Br. 26-28; Wilson Br. 19-21. This issue is addressed elsewhere. See Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.G; Plaintiffs' Opposition to Defendant Addison's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Addison Opp.") Part IV.C. We also offer the following responses to Himan's unique arguments. Himan concedes that Count 25 adequately alleges that he made false public statements in the application for the NTO, but he insists that he had no reason to suspect his statements about Mangum and the supposed rape evidence were false and that he was entitled to rely on SANE Levicy. Himan Br. 26-27. But the question whether Himan could reasonably rely on Levicy's statements in preparing the NTO application misses the point: Himan was not merely relying on Levicy, he was conspiring with her. Compl. ¶¶ 190-92, 275, 311, 313, 340, 462-63. Even weeks after Nifong dismissed the rape charges, Himan and Wilson were still meeting with Levicy to further manipulate her testimony and conform it to their evolving needs for the remaining criminal charges of 6 kidnapping and sexual assault. ¶¶ 192, 462-63. E. Himan, Gottlieb, Wilson, Addison, and the Supervisory Defendants Are Not Entitled to Qualified Immunity from Plaintiffs' Federal Claims (Counts 20, 21, 22, 24, and 25) Defendant Himan asserts the affirmative defense of qualified immunity from Plaintiffs' federal claims. Himan Br. 28-31; see also Wilson Br. 21, 27-28; Addison Br. 8-9; Gottlieb Br. 24-26; Supervisor Br. 32-33. Qualified immunity protects government officials only to the extent that "their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known." Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 818 (1982). There is a two-step analysis. First, the court must decide "whether a constitutional right would have been violated on the facts alleged." Saucier v. Katz, 533 U.S. 194, 200 (2001). Second, the court must determine whether that right was "clearly established" at the time of the violation. Brown v. Gilmore, 278 F.3d 362, 367 (4th Cir. 2002). "This determination `is an objective one, dependent not on the subjective beliefs of the particular officer at the scene, but instead on what a hypothetical, reasonable officer would have thought in those circumstances.' " Owens ex rel. Owens v. Lott, 372 F.3d 267, 279 (4th Cir. 2004). The " `exact conduct at issue need not have been held unlawful for the law governing an officer's actions to be clearly established' "--"the absence of controlling authority holding identical conduct unlawful does not guarantee qualified immunity." Id. "After all, qualified immunity was never intended to relieve government officials from the responsibility of applying familiar legal principles to new situations." Wilson v. Kittoe, 337 F.3d 392, 403 (4th Cir. 7 2003) (quotation omitted). "Most often ... qualified immunity is tested at the summary judgment stage after the facts have been developed through discovery." Alford v. Cumberland County, No. 06-1569, 2007 U.S. App. LEXIS 24138, at *9 (4th Cir. Oct. 15, 2007). The first step in the immunity inquiry--determining that a right would be violated on the facts alleged--has been fulfilled in Plaintiffs' opposition briefs explaining and defending each of their federal claims against Defendants' objections.4 The second step--determining whether that right was clearly established in 2006, the time of the violation--is fulfilled by the same arguments. In 2006, any reasonable police officer or city official would have known that the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments are violated when a law enforcement officer: (1) conspires with a Duke nurse to include false information in an NTO; (2) coerces a witness to change her statement and fabricate testimony in order to incriminate an innocent party (indeed, tampering with witnesses is a crime); (3) omits material exculpatory evidence from an NTO application in order to deceive the magistrate; (4) For Count 20 (4th Amendment/key-cards), see Plaintiffs' Opposition to Defendant City of Durham's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Durham Opp.") Part V.C.3; Plaintiffs' Opposition to the Durham Supervisor Defendants' Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Supervisor Opp.") Part V.D; Plaintiffs' Opposition to Defendant Gottlieb's Motion to Dismiss ("Pls.' Gottlieb Opp."). Part V.D. For Count 21 (4th Amendment/NTO), see Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.D; Pls.' Supervisor Opp. Part V.D; Pls.' Gottlieb Opp. A. For Count 22 (Due Process/Malicious Investigation), see Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.F; Pls.' Supervisor Opp. Part V.C; Pls.' Gottlieb Opp. Part V.B. For Counts 24 and 25 (Section 1983 Violations by Deprivation of Liberty and False Public Statements), see Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.G. 8 4 conspires with a material witness to repeatedly change her testimony to fill holes in the government's case as they arise; (5) conspires with other officers and a prosecutor to conceal from the court and criminal suspects decisively exculpatory DNA evidence; (6) conspires to deceive a court in applying for a subpoena for federally protected private information, in order to conceal the fact that he has already obtained and used that information illegally; or (7) makes false and inflammatory public statements accusing innocent college students of a heinous racial gang-rape that never happened. Plaintiffs have a right to be free of searches and seizures without probable cause. See Brooks v. Winston-Salem, 85 F.3d 178, 183-84 (4th Cir. 1996); Lambert v. Williams, 223 F.3d 257, 261 (4th Cir. 2000). Plaintiffs have the right not to be searched or seized "as a result of the fabrication of evidence by a government officer acting in an investigatory capacity." Washington v. Wilmore, 407 F.3d 274, 282-83 (4th Cir. 2005). Providing false information in an affidavit seeking a warrant or a search order, whether recklessly or knowingly, violates the Fourth Amendment. See Franks v. Delaware, 438 U.S. 154, 15556 (1978); see also Jean v. Collins, 221 F.3d 656, 662-63 (4th Cir. 2000) (en banc) (Wilkinson, J., concurring, joined by Widener, Wilkins, Niemeyer, Williams, and Traxler, JJ.) ("bad faith" concealment of evidence is actionable); id. at 677 (Murnaghan, J., dissenting, joined by Michael, Motz, King, and Hamilton, JJ.) (concealment actionable even without bad faith); id. at 679 (Luttig, J., dissenting) (same). These are not obscure or novel legal propositions. Unable to fend off their alleged violations of these rights, Defendants assemble and attribute to Plaintiffs flimsy straw 9 men, such as the "implicit contention that the failure to take action to terminate an investigation after it has been initiated constitutes a violation of § 1983," or the "implicit argument that a `reasonable person' [involved in a criminal investigation] should have known that he was legally required to go around the prosecutor and directly provide exculpatory evidence to defendants." Himan Br. 30; Wilson Br. 27-28. Plaintiffs are not arguing that Defendants were obliged to throw themselves in front of a prosecutorial freight train. Plaintiffs contend only that any reasonable public official would know that conspiring to frame innocent persons for a crime that never happened is wrong and a violation of the Constitution. F. Defendant Wilson is Not Shielded by Absolute Immunity Defendant Linwood Wilson argues that he is entitled to absolute immunity because he was always "employed as a prosecutorial investigator" in the office of District Attorney Nifong, Wilson Br. 23, until he was fired in the aftermath of the Duke rape hoax. Compl. ¶ 66. Wilson contends that the law in this circuit is that "the actions of both the prosecutor and his assistant [a]re covered by absolute prosecutorial immunity." Wilson Br. 23 (citing Hoover v. Keith, No. 04CV01047, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 27943, at *3 (M.D.N.C. Nov. 9, 2004)). Wilson misapprehends the law. As both the Magistrate Judge's report and the decision of this Court in Hoover make clear, the "assistant" who shared absolute immunity with the District Attorney in that case was the Assistant District Attorney who had successfully prosecuted Hoover for a crime. See Hoover v. Keith, No. 09CV01047, 10 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 27943, at *1, *3; Hoover v. Keith, 2005 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 9614, at *1 (M.D.N.C. Jan. 4, 2005) (Beaty, J.). In contrast, Wilson--as he himself acknowledges--was not an attorney but "a prosecutorial investigator" whose conduct is now challenged "in his role as an investigator." Wilson Br. 23; see Compl. ¶ 66. The "scope of absolute prosecutorial immunity has been narrowly drawn." Suarez Corp. Industries v. McGraw, 125 F.3d 222, 230 (4th Cir. 1997). Even prosecutors do not get absolute immunity when performing investigatory functions similar to those of police officers. See Buckley v. Fitzsimmons, 509 U.S. 259, 273-76 (1993). In Buckley the Supreme Court declined to extend absolute immunity to prosecutors who were alleged to have fabricated evidence and false witness statements for use at a future trial. Id. Like the civil defendants who were denied absolute immunity in that case, Wilson was not preparing evidence for presentation at trial nor deciding whether and when to prosecute. Id. at 273, 275 n.6. He was "fabricating evidence during the preliminary investigation," id. at 261, and he therefore is not shielded by absolute immunity. See Gobel v. Maricopa County, 867 F.2d 1201, 1204-05 (9th Cir. 1989) (denying absolute immunity for role in false arrest, illegal detention, and false statements to the media); Auriemma v. Montgomery, 860 F.2d 273, 279 (7th Cir. 1988) (denying absolute immunity for "unlawful investigative activities"); Joseph v. Patterson, 795 F.2d 549, 560 (6th Cir. 1986) ("when he carries out administrative or investigatory functions of the 11 prosecutor, he can only claim the affirmative defense of qualified immunity").5 G. Neither Himan Nor Any Other Durham Investigator or Durham Supervisor Is Shielded from Plaintiffs' State-Law Intentional Tort Claims by North Carolina's Doctrine of Public-Official Immunity (Counts 8, 10, 23, 28) Himan claims the protection of public official immunity under North Carolina law. Himan Br. 31-34; Wilson Br. 28-31. These issues are addressed elsewhere. See Pls.' Gottlieb Opp. Part V.G. H. Count 23 Adequately Pleads a Claim for Obstruction of Justice Himan contends that Count 23 fails as a matter of law. Himan Br. 34-35; Wilson Br. 31-32. This issue is addressed elsewhere. See Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.E. I. Count 28 States a Claim for Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress Himan argues that Count 28 does not plead a viable claim. Himan Br. 37-39; Wilson Br. 34-37. This issue is addressed elsewhere. See Pls.' Durham Opp. Part V.(I). VI. CONCLUSION For the foregoing reasons, Defendant Himan's and Wilson's motions to dismiss should be denied, except that they may be granted with respect to Counts 29-30 and with respect to the official-capacity claims in Counts 8, 10, 20-22, 25-26, and 28, as stated Wilson tries to distinguish this case from Buckley by asserting that he acted "after indictment with a focus on the pending criminal trial." Wilson Br. 24. But no Plaintiff was indicted and no criminal trial of any of them was ever pending. The Complaint alleges that Wilson engaged only in investigative tasks, just like the other Durham Investigators, Himan and Gottlieb. See, e.g., ¶¶ 192, 401-03, 462-63. Wilson may be confusing this case with another. In any event, on this Rule 12 motion Wilson must accept the facts as they are pleaded in the Complaint. 12 5 above. Dated: August 28, 2008 THOMAS, FERGUSON & MULLINS, L.L.P. /s/ William J. Thomas William J. Thomas, II (N.C. Bar # 9004) 119 East Main Street Durham, NC 27701 Tel. (919) 682-5648 Email: thomas@tfmattorneys.com Respectfully submitted, COOPER & KIRK, PLLC /s/ Charles J. Cooper Charles J. Cooper Brian S. Koukoutchos David H. Thompson Howard C. Nielson, Jr. Nicole Jo Moss (N.C. Bar # 31958) David Lehn* 1523 New Hampshire Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20036 Tel. (202) 220-9600 Email: ccooper@cooperkirk.com Email: dthompson@cooperkirk.com Email: nmoss@cooperkirk.com (* motion for special appearance has been filed) Attorneys for Plaintiffs 13 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certify that on August 28, 2008, I electronically filed the foregoing with the Clerk of the Court using the CM/ECF system which will send notification of such filing to the following counsel: TROUTMAN SANDERS LLP Patricia P. Kerner N.C. State Bar No. 13005 Hannah Gray Styron D. Martin Warf 434 Fayetteville Street, Suite 1900 Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 Phone: (919) 835-4117 Fax: (919) 829-8714 Email: tricia.kerner@troutmansanders.com Email: hannah.styron@troutmansanders.com Email: martin.warf@troutmansanders.com Counsel for Defendants Steven Chalmers, Patrick Baker, Beverly Council, Ronald Hodge, Jeff Lamb, Stephen Mihaich, Michael Ripberger, and Lee Russ FAISON & GILLESPIE Reginald B. Gillespie, Jr. N.C. State Bar No. 10895 5517 Durham Chapel Hill Boulevard Suite 2000 Durham, North Carolina 27727-1729 Phone: (919) 489-9001 Fax: (919) 489-5774 Email: rgillespie@faison-gillespie.com Counsel for Defendants City of Durham, North Carolina and Steven Chalmers STEPTOE & JOHNSON LLP Roger E. Warin* Steptoe & Johnson LLP 1330 Connecticut Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20036 Telephone: (202) 429-3000 Fax: (202) 429-3902 Email: rwarin@steptoe.com *(Motion for Special Appearance to be filed) Counsel for Defendant City of Durham, North Carolina ELLIS & WINTERS LLP J. Donald Cowan, Jr. N.C. State Bar No. 0968 Dixie T. Wells N.C. State Bar No. 26816 P.O. Box 21927 [27420] 100 N. Greene Street, Suite 102 Greensboro, North Carolina 27401 Phone: (336) 217-4197 Fax: (336) 217-4198 Email: don.cowan@elliswinters.com Email: dixie.wells@elliswinters.com WILMER CUTLER PICKERING HALE AND DORR LLP Jamie Gorelick* D.C. Bar No. 101370 Jennifer M. O'Connor William F. Lee Paul R.Q. Wolfson 1875 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 663-6500 Facsimile: (202) 663-6363 Email: Jamie.gorelick@wilmerhale.com Email: Jennifer.oconnor@wilmerhale.com Email: William.lee@wilmerhale.com Email: Paul.Wolfson@wilmerhale.com Counsel for Defendants Duke University, Aaron Graves, Robert Dean, Richard H. Brodhead, Peter Lange, Tallman Trask, III, John Burness, Larry Moneta, Victor J. Dzau, M.D., Allison Halton, Kemel Dawkins, Suzanne Wasiolek, Matthew Drummond, Counsel for Duke University Health Systems, 2 Inc., Theresa Arico, and Tara Levicy (*motion for special appearance filed) YATES, McLAMB &WEYHER, L.L.P Dan Johnson McLamb N.C. State Bar No. 6272 T. Carlton Younger, III Shirley Marring Pruitt POB 2889 Email: cyounger@ymwlaw.com Email: spruitt@ymwlaw.com Counsel for Duke University Health Systems, Inc., Theresa Arico, and Tara Levicy POYNER & SPRUILL LLP Edwin M. Speas, Jr. N.C. State Bar No. 4112 P.O. Box 10096 Raleigh, North Carolina 27605-0096 Phone: (919) 783-6400 Fax: (919) 783-1075 Email: espeas@poynerspruill.com Counsel for Defendant Mark Gottlieb KENNON, CRAVER, BELO, CRAIG & MCKEE, PLLC Joel M. Craig N.C. State Bar No. 9179 Henry W. Sappenfield P.O. Box 51579 4011 University Drive, Suite 300 Durham, North Carolina 27717-1579 Phone: (919) 490-0500 Fax: (919) 490-0873 Email: jcraig@kennoncraver.com Email: hsappenfield@kennoncraver.com Counsel for Defendant Benjamin Himan MAXWELL FREEMAN & BOWMAN, P.A. James B. Maxwell N.C. State Bar No. 2933 P.O. Box 52396 3 Raleigh, North Carolina 27717-2396 Phone: (919) 493-6464 Fax: (919) 493-1218 Email: jmaxwell@mfbpa.com Counsel for Defendant David Addison PINTO COATES KYRE & BROWN, PLLC Kenneth Kyre Jr. (N.C. Bar # 7848) Paul D. Coates (N.C. Bar # 9753) P.O. Box 4848 Greensboro, NC 27404 Email: kkyre@pckb-law.com Email: pcoates@pckb-law.com Counsel for J. Wesley Covington As of the date of this filing, no attorney has made an appearance on behalf of the following Defendant. Linwood Wilson 6910 Innesbrook Way Bahama, NC 27503-9700 Email: linwoodw@aol.com /s/ Nicole Jo Moss 4

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