Columbia Sportswear North America, Inc. v. Seirus Innovative Accessories
Filing
158
OPINION AND ORDER Columbia's Motion for Relief from Protective Order 141 is GRANTED. Signed on 4/3/2017 by Judge Marco A. Hernandez. (jp)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON
COLUMBIA SPORTSWEAR NORTH
AMERICA, INC., an Oregon corporation,
No. 3:15-cv-00064-HZ
OPINION & ORDER
Plaintiff,
v.
SEIRUS INNOVATIVE ACCESSORIES,
INC., a Utah corporation,
Defendant.
David W. Axelrod
Scott D. Eads
Nicholas F. Aldrich, Jr.
Schwabe, Williamson & Wyatt, P.C.
1211 SW 5th Ave., Ste. 1600
Portland, OR 97204
Attorneys for Plaintiff
Jasmine C. Hites
Troutman Sanders LLC
805 SW Broadway, Suite 1560
Portland, OR 97205
Matthew D. Murphey
Troutman Sanders LLP
5 Park Plaza, Ste. 1400
Irvine, CA 92614
Paul E. McGowan
Troutman Sanders LLP
600 Peachtree St. NE, Suite 5200
Atlanta, GA 30308
Attorneys for Defendant
HERNÁNDEZ, District Judge:
Before the Court is Columbia’s Motion for Relief from Protective Order. ECF 141. A
third party to this litigation, Ventex Co., Ltd. (“Ventex”), has filed inter partes review (“IPR”)
petitions challenging Columbia’s Utility Patents before the Patent Office. The parties’ Amended
Stipulated Protective Order (hereinafter “Protective Order”) restricts the use of confidential
documents only to this litigation and prohibits litigation counsel who has seen certain
“Prosecution Bar” materials from participating in IPR proceedings. See Protective Order, ¶¶ 1,
10, ECF 65. Columbia seeks to introduce restricted documents from this litigation in the IPR
proceedings and requests that its litigation counsel, Nicholas Aldrich, be given leave to represent
it in the IPR proceedings. The Motion is granted.
BACKGROUND
Ventex is a Korean-based company that formerly supplied Columbia and has since
become a manufacturer for Seirus. Ventex seeks to invalidate claims in the Utility Patents that
are currently being litigated before this Court. See Notice of Third-Party Petitions for IPR, Exs.
A & B, ECF 136. In those IPR petitions, Ventex asserts that the Utility Patents are invalid as
obvious over Fottinger and Harber, two prior art references also being litigated before this Court.
Id. In support of its arguments, Ventex cites to the parties’ motions and expert reports from this
litigation. Id.
In response to Ventex’s filings, Columbia moved for relief from the parties’ Protective
Order. Relevant to Columbia’s motion are two provisions of the Protective Order. The first states
that:
All non-public documents, testimony, and other materials
produced by the parties in this case, including without limitation
those documents, testimony, and other materials labeled
“Confidential,” “Attorneys’ Eyes Only,” or “Outside Attorneys’
Eyes Only” (and all information derived therefrom) shall be used
only in this proceeding and shall not be used by any party for any
business, commercial, or competitive purpose.
Protective Order ¶ 1. The Protective Order also states that parties shall designate certain
materials as “Prosecution Bar Materials” including those “materials comprising or related to . . .
products designed, developed, or sold by Defendant that use, employ or include heat
management materials including, without limitation, those made or sold under the trade name
‘HEATWAVE’ or designed by a third party as Prosecution Bar Materials.” Id. at ¶ 10. It further
provides that “[a]ny person who has viewed any of the opposing party’s Prosecution Bar
Materials shall not . . . engage in any ‘Prosecution Activity.’” Id. “Prosecution Activity” includes
IPR proceedings. Id.
Columbia seeks to introduce at the IPR proceedings documents showing Ventex’s privity
with Seirus as well as Ventex and Seirus’s copying of Columbia’s invention and subsequent
commercial success. Columbia also moves that Aldrich, who has seen four documents with the
“Prosecution Bar” designation, be permitted to participate in the IPR proceedings. Alternatively,
Columbia requests that the Court strike the “Prosecution Bar” designation of the four documents
at issue.
STANDARDS
Rule 26(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides that “the court may, for good
cause” issue a protective order “requiring that a trade secret or other confidential research,
development, or commercial information not be revealed or be revealed only in a specific way.”
See Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c)(1)(G). The court also has broad discretion to modify a protective order
where good cause is shown. CBS Interactive, Inc. v. Etilize, Inc., 257 F.R.D. 195, 201 (N.D. Cal.
2009) (citing Phillips ex rel. Estates of Byrd v. General Motors Corp., 307 F.3d 1206, 1213 (9th
Cir. 2002)).
DISCUSSION
Columbia’s Motion requests two distinct forms of relief from the Protective Order. First,
that it be allowed to use documents restricted to this litigation in the parallel IPR proceedings.
Second, that Aldrich be permitted to participate in those proceedings despite him having seen
four “Prosecution Bar” designated documents.
I.
The Use of Documents in Parallel IPR Proceedings
A.
Standard
A court may grant leave from a protective order to allow the production of discovery in a
parallel litigation where the movant “demonstrate[s] the relevance of the protected discovery to
the collateral proceedings and its general discoverability therein.” Foltz v. State Farm Mut. Auto.
Ins. Co., 331 F.3d 1122, 1132 (9th Cir. 2003). “If any properly protected . . . discovery is
relevant to the collateral suits, the district court should have modified the protective order in the
interest of avoiding duplicative discovery . . . .” Id. at 1134. Beyond relevance to the collateral
proceedings, the court must also “weigh the countervailing reliance interest of the party opposing
modification against the policy of avoiding duplicative discovery.” Id. at 1133. “Ninth Circuit
precedent strongly favors disclosure to meet the needs of the parties in pending litigation.” Blum
v. Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner & Smith Inc., 712 F.3d 1349, 1355 (9th Cir. 2013) (quoting
Beckman Indus., Inc. v. Int’l Ins. Co., 966 F.2d 470, 475 (9th Cir. 1992)).
B.
Application
There are two categories of materials that Columbia seeks leave to use in the IPR
proceedings: (1) those which demonstrate that Ventex and Seirus are in privity; and (2) those
which demonstrate Ventex and Seirus’s copying of Columbia’s inventions and subsequent
commercial success of products covered by the claims of the patents-in-suit. Regarding the first
category, Columbia argues that this evidence is highly relevant to the IPR proceedings because
Ventex will be statutorily barred from pursuing IPR if privity is established. IPR “may not be
instituted if the petition requesting the proceeding is filed more than 1 year after the date on
which the petitioner, real party in interest, or privy of the petitioner is served with a complaint
alleging infringement of the patent.” 35 U.S.C. § 315(b) (emphasis added). The documents that
Columbia seeks to introduce purportedly establish that Ventex manufactured the accused
products for Seirus and has agreed to indemnify and defend Seirus for infringement attributable
to Ventex. See Aldrich Decl. Ex. 8 at 1–3. As to the second category, materials relating to
copying and commercial success are evidence of nonobviousness. According to Columbia, these
materials are relevant to counter Ventex’s assertion of obviousness in its IPR petitions. The
Court is persuaded by these arguments and finds that both categories of documents are relevant
to the IPR proceedings.
The next question is whether these materials are discoverable in the IPR proceedings.
Columbia directs the Court to discovery regulations governing trial practice before the Patent
Office. Those regulations provide, in relevant part, that “a party must serve relevant information
that is inconsistent with a position advanced by the party during the proceeding concurrent with
the filing of the documents or things that contains the inconsistency.” 37 C.F.R.
§ 42.51(b)(1)(iii). Columbia maintains that evidence of privity and nonobviousness are contrary
to Ventex’s positions that it is not in privity with Seirus and that the disputed patents are obvious.
Seirus does not contest that these materials are relevant to the IPR proceedings. The Court agrees
that both categories of requested materials are discoverable in the IPR proceedings.
The Court must now determine whether Seirus’s countervailing reliance interest in nondisclosure of the requested materials outweighs the policy of avoiding duplicative discovery.
Once more, the Ninth Circuit “strongly favors” disclosure to meet the requesting party’s needs in
the pending litigation. Blum, 712 F.3d at 1354–55. As Columbia points out, Seirus has moved for
summary judgment that the Utility Patents are obvious in this Court. Further, much of the
parties’ evidence regarding obviousness has already come before this Court and will likely be
raised once more if this case proceeds to trial. In other words, it is difficult to comprehend how
Seirus can move for summary judgment based on obviousness in this Court and simultaneously
request that materials related to the same issue be withheld from parallel proceedings. If the
Court did not grant Columbia’s motion, it would undoubtedly be forced to conduct duplicative
discovery in the IPR proceedings to re-acquire materials it already has access to in this litigation.
In any event, Seirus does not appear to articulate a reliance interest in its response to Columbia’s
Motion on this issue. Accordingly, the Court grants Columbia the relief it seeks from the
Protective Order regarding the use of documents from this litigation in IPR proceedings.
II.
Participation of Litigation Counsel in Parallel IPR Proceedings
A.
Standard
Whether an attorney involved in patent litigation and subject to a prosecution bar may be
allowed to participate in parallel proceedings is a “counsel-by-counsel determination that should
turn on the extent to which counsel is involved in ‘competitive decisionmaking’ with its client.”
In re Deutsche Bank Trust Co. Americas, 605 F.3d 1373, 1378 (Fed. Cir. 2010). This inquiry
focuses on “[w]hether an unacceptable opportunity for inadvertent disclosure exists.” Id.
(quoting U.S. Steel Corp. v. United States, 730 F.2d 1468, 1468 (Fed. Cir.1984)). “Competitive
decisionmaking” is “[s]horthand for a counsel’s activities, association, and relationship with a
client that are such as to involve counsel’s advice and participation in any or all of the client’s
decisions (pricing, product design, etc.) made in light of similar or corresponding information
about a competitor.” Id. (quoting U.S. Steel Corp., 730 F.2d at 1468 n.3). In the context of patent
prosecution bars, “competitive decisionmaking” includes “crafting the content of patent
applications or advising clients on the direction to take their portfolios.” Id. at 1379–80. “It is
therefore important for a court, in assessing the propriety of an exemption from a patent
prosecution bar, to examine all relevant facts surrounding counsel’s actual preparation and
prosecution activities, on a counsel-by-counsel basis.” Id. at 1380.
“Even if a district court is satisfied that” a risk of inadvertent disclosure or competitive
use exists, “the district court must balance this risk against the potential harm to the opposing
party from restriction imposed on that party’s right to have the benefit of counsel of its choice.”
Id. The district courts have “broad discretion to decide what degree of protection is required.” Id.
(citations omitted).
Here, Columbia asserts that there is minimal risk of inadvertent disclosure because the
“Prosecution Bar” designated documents that he saw do not appear to belong to Seirus and were
intended for publication. Aldrich saw four of Seirus’s “Prosecution Bar” designated documents.
Two of those documents were Ventex marketing presentation slide shows. Aldrich Decl. Exs. 1
& 2. The third document was a four-page “technical manual” describing the procedures for an
experiment related to measuring temperature. Aldrich Decl. Ex. 3. The last document is a single
page describing a particular form of heat generation and providing an example test result related
to it. Aldrich Decl. Ex. 4. The Court finds that these documents pose little, if any, risk of
inadvertent disclosure or competitive use.
With that slight risk in mind, the Court also considers whether Aldrich has been or will
be involved in competitive decisionmaking. Columbia asserts that Aldrich is a patent litigator
and that he is not a registered patent attorney. He has never drafted any patent claims and
Columbia states that he will not participate in any amendments to any claims proposed during
the IPR proceedings. Seirus has concerns about this representation, and asserts that Aldrich’s
“intimate knowledge of Seirus’[s] accused products and any discussion of proposed designarounds may be used to amend Columbia’s patent claims in a way that could be extremely
prejudicial to Seirus.” Seirus Resp. at 10, ECF 147.
Given that the “Prosecution Bar” materials that Aldrich saw pose little risk to Seirus and
that Columbia has indicated that Aldrich will be prohibited from participating in competitive
decisionmaking, the Court is persuaded that he should be permitted to participate in the IPR
proceedings. Despite Seirus’s concerns that Columbia will not effectively prevent Aldrich from
amending Columbia’s patent claims, Aldrich is presumed, as an officer of the court, to abide by
this Court’s orders. See Grobler v. Apple Inc., No. C 12-01534 JST (PSG), 2013 U.S. Dist.
LEXIS 65048, at *6–7 (N.D. Cal. May 7, 2013) (“While one might rightly question how Apple
is to police whether Grobler’s litigation counsel has crossed the line from mere participation to
crafting or amendment of claims, the risk of counsel ignoring its duties is inherent even under
Apple’s proposed total ban, and in any event counsel is presumed to follow its obligations to
adhere to this court’s orders.”). Accordingly, the Court grants Columbia’s requested relief from
the Protective Order with respect to Aldrich.1
CONCLUSION
Columbia’s Motion for Relief from Protective Order [141] is GRANTED.
Dated this
day of ______________________, 2017.
MARCO A. HERNÁNDEZ
United States District Judge
Because the Court is granting this modification, it declines Columbia’s alternative request for
relief in the form of striking the “Prosecution Bar” designation from the four documents at issue.
1
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