Graham et al v. Filipiak et al
Filing
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ORDER granting 10 Motion to Remand. The request by Defendant D&L, Inc. for attorney's fees is denied. Signed by the Honorable R Bryan Harwell on 12/16/2012. (hcic, )
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF SOUTH CAROLINA
FLORENCE DIVISION
Thomas J. Graham and Carolina
Mechanical, Inc.,
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)
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Plaintiff,
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v.
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Anthony M. Filipiak and D&L, Inc.,
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Defendants.
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____________________________________)
Civil Action No.: 4:13-cv-02522-RBH
ORDER
This matter is before the Court on the Motion to Remand [Doc. # 10] filed by Plaintiffs
Thomas J. Graham and Carolina Mechanical, Inc. (“Graham”). For the reasons discussed herein,
the Court grants Plaintiff’s Motion and remands this case to the Court of Common Pleas for
Darlington County.1
Background
This lawsuit arises out of a partnership agreement between Plaintiff Thomas J. Graham
and Defendant Filipiak relating to a heating and air conditioning business, Plaintiff Carolina
Mechanical, Inc.
Plaintiff initially brought this action in the Court of Common Pleas for
Darlington County alleging several causes of action, including unjust enrichment, unfair
competition, civil conspiracy, and violation of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt
Organizations Act (“RICO”), 18 U.S.C. § 1961(5).
On September 16, 2013, Defendants removed this action to federal court. [See Not. of
Removal, Doc. # 1.] On September 19, 2013, Plaintiffs filed an Amended Complaint, omitting
the RICO claim. Plaintiffs amended their complaint as a matter of course pursuant to Fed. R.
Civ. P. 15(a)(1). On October 2, 2013, Plaintiffs filed the Motion to Remand at issue on the
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Under Local Rule 7.08, “hearings on motions may be ordered by the Court in its discretion.
Unless so ordered, motions may be determined without a hearing.” The issues have been briefed by
the parties, and the Court believes a hearing is not necessary.
basis that the Court should decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the state law
claims now that the sole federal claim is no longer being alleged.
Standard of Review
A defendant bears the burden of establishing the existence of removal jurisdiction.
Mulachey v. Columbia Organic Chems. Co., 29 F.3d 148, 151 (4th Cir. 1994). Because
removal jurisdiction raises significant federalism concerns, a district court must strictly construe
removal jurisdiction. Id. (citing Shamrock Oil & Gas Corp. v. Sheets, 313 U.S. 100 (1941)).
If federal jurisdiction is in doubt, remand to state court is necessary. Id. “In order for removal
jurisdiction to exist, a federal court must have original jurisdiction.” Gressette v. Sunset Grille,
Inc., 447 F.Supp.2d 533, 535 (D.S.C. 2006). Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331, federal courts have
jurisdiction over all matters arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United
States. See also 28 U.S.C. § 1367(a) (providing courts have supplemental jurisdiction if the
state law claims are “so related to claims in the action within such original jurisdiction [federal
question or diversity jurisdiction] that they form part of the same case or controversy under
Article III of the United States Constitution”).
Discussion
Given that Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint now contains no federal cause of action, the
Court finds that the case should be remanded. In Hinson v. Norwest Financial South Carolina,
Inc., 239 F.3d 611, 616 (4th Cir. 2001), the Fourth Circuit states:
The exercise of discretion in these circumstances involves two overlapping
decisions to be made by the district court-whether to continue exercising federal
jurisdiction over pendent claims and whether to remand the case to State court.
Section 1337(c) lists factors to inform the decision of whether to exercise federal
jurisdiction over pendent State claims, such as whether the State claims involve
novel or complex issues of State law; whether the State law claims predominate;
whether the federal claims justifying the court's jurisdiction remains in the case; or
other compelling reasons. And when the exercise of this discretion involves the
additional question of whether to remand the case to State court, the federal court
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should consider “principles of economy, convenience, fairness, and comity” and
whether the efforts of a party in seeking remand amount to a “manipulative tactic.”
Carnegie-Mellon v. Cohill, 484 U.S. 343 at 357.
The court found that Carnegie-Mellon Univ. v. Cohill, 484 U.S. 343 (1988) “continues to inform
the proper interpretation of § 1367" even though it was decided before the codification of the
doctrine of pendent jurisdiction.
In Carnegie-Mellon, the Supreme Court found that forum
manipulation was only one factor to consider in exercising discretion on whether to remand a case
after amendment of a complaint to delete the federal claims.
In the case at bar, the state claims involve complex issues relating to South Carolina
partnership law and the state law claims predominate because only state law claims now exist
after the amendment. In addition, judicial economy would be served by a remand where the case
is in its early stages, and no discovery has occurred.
The Court does not find that forum
manipulation by the plaintiff sufficiently overrides the above factors.
Therefore, the Court will grant Plaintiff’s request to remand this case.
The Court will next address the request by Defendant D&L, Inc. for $7,645.43 in
attorney’s fees which it incurred related to the removal of the case. Defendant contends that 28
U.S.C. § 1447(c)allows an award of fees to removing defendants, although it acknowledges that
the statute is generally used to award fees to a plaintiff where a case is improperly removed.
Assuming that Section 1447(c)may be used to award fees to a defendant in the situation where
a case is properly removed, but the plaintiff amends the complaint to omit the only federal claim
as in the case at bar, the Court does not find that an award of attorney’s fees is appropriate. The
defendant is benefitting from the plaintiff’s decision to file an amended complaint without a RICO
claim. However, if the plaintiff on remand seeks to amend the complaint again to add the RICO
claim, then the Court would seriously consider an award of attorney’s fees to the defendant after
a second removal to this Court.
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Conclusion
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that Plaintiff’s Motion to Remand [Doc. # 10] is
GRANTED. The request by Defendant D&L, Inc. for attorney’s fees is DENIED.
IT IS ALSO ORDERED that this case is hereby REMANDED to the South Carolina Court
of Common Pleas for Darlington County, South Carolina. A certified copy of this Order of Remand
shall be mailed by the Clerk of this Court to the Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas for
Darlington County, South Carolina.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
s/ R. Bryan Harwell
R. Bryan Harwell
United States District Judge
Florence, South Carolina
December 16, 2013
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