Gantt v. Social Security Administration, Commissioner of

Filing 20

MEMORANDUM OPINION denying 15 MOTION for Summary Judgment in a Social Security Appeal filed by Stacey Marie Gantt, granting 18 MOTION for Summary Judgment filed by Social Security Administration, Commissioner of. The decision of the ALJ is AFFIRMED. Judgment will be entered in favor of the Commissioner. Signed by Magistrate Judge Christopher H Steger on 9/24/2024. (MKM)

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
EASTERN DISTRICT OF TENNESSEE
AT GREENEVILLE
STACEY MARIE GANTT,
Plaintiff,
v.
MARTIN O’MALLEY,
Commissioner of Social Security
Administration,
Defendant.

)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)

Case No: 2:22-cv-00098
Judge Christopher H. Steger

MEMORANDUM OPINION
I.

Introduction
Plaintiff Stacey Marie Gantt seeks judicial review under § 205(g) of the Social Security

Act ("Act"), 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), from her denial of disability insurance benefits by the
Commissioner of the Social Security Administration ("Commissioner") under Titles II and XVI of
the Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 401-34, 1381-83f. [See Doc. 1]. The parties consented to entry of final
judgment by the undersigned United States Magistrate Judge, under 28 U.S.C. § 636(c), with an
appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. [Doc. 13].
For reasons that follow, Plaintiff's Motion for Summary Judgment [Doc. 15] will be
DENIED, the Commissioner's Motion for Summary Judgment [Doc. 18] will be GRANTED, and
judgment will be entered AFFIRMING the Commissioner's decision.
II.

Procedural History
On November 5, 2019, Plaintiff applied for benefits under the Act. (Tr. 15). Plaintiff's

claims were denied initially as well as on reconsideration. Id. As a result, Plaintiff requested a
hearing before an administrative law judge. Id.

At an online video hearing (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) on December 9, 2021, in
which Plaintiff and her attorney both participated, Administrative Law Judge Charles R. Howard
(the "ALJ") heard testimony from Plaintiff and a vocational expert ("VE"). (Tr. 15, 26). The ALJ
then rendered his decision, finding that Plaintiff was not under a "disability" as defined by the Act.
(Tr. 26).
Following the ALJ's decision, Plaintiff requested that the Appeals Council review the
denial; but, that request was denied. (Tr. 1). Exhausting her administrative remedies, Plaintiff then
filed her Complaint [Doc. 1] on August 18, 2022, seeking judicial review of the Commissioner's
final decision under § 405(g). The parties filed competing dispositive motions, and this matter is
ripe for adjudication.
III.

Findings by the ALJ
The ALJ made the following findings concerning Plaintiff's application for benefits:
1. The claimant meets the insured status requirements of the Social Security
Act through December 31, 2023.
2. The claimant has not engaged in substantial gainful activity since June 15,
2019, the alleged onset date (20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1571 et seq., 416.971 et seq.).
3. The claimant has the following severe impairments: osteoarthritis; obesity;
asthma; obstructive sleep apnea; depression; anxiety; posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD); and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) (20 C.F.R. §§
404.1520(c), 416.920(c)).
4. The claimant does not have an impairment or combination of impairments
that meets or medically equals the severity of one of the listed impairments
in 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404, Subpt. P, App. 1 1 (20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(d), 404.1525,
404.1526, 416.920(d), 416.925, 416.926).
5. After careful consideration of the entire record, the undersigned finds that
the claimant has the residual functional capacity to perform light work as
defined in 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1567(b) and 416.967(b), except with no
climbing of ladders, ropes, scaffolds and no more than occasionally climbing
ramps and stairs, balancing, stooping, kneeling, crouching, or crawling. She

1

Hereinafter referred to as "The Listings."

cannot have any concentrated exposure to temperature extremes or
pulmonary irritants. Mentally, the claimant can understand and remember
simple instructions; maintain concentration for simple tasks; adapt to
infrequent change; and have no more than occasional interaction with the
public, co-workers, and supervisors.
6. The claimant is unable to perform any past relevant work (20 C.F.R. §§
404.1565, 416.965).
7. The claimant was born on July 6, 1973, and was 45 years old, which is
defined as a younger individual age 18-49, on the alleged disability onset
date (20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1563, 416.963).
8. The claimant has at least a high school education (20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1564,
416.964).
9. Transferability of job skills is not material to the determination of disability
because using the Medical-Vocational Rules as a framework supports a
finding that the claimant is "not disabled," whether or not the claimant has
transferable job skills (See SSR 82-41 and 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404, Subpt. P, App.
2).
10. Considering the claimant's age, education, work experience, and residual
functional capacity, there are jobs that exist in significant numbers in the
national economy that the claimant can perform (20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1569,
404.1569(a), 416.969, 416.969(a)).
11. The claimant has not been under a disability, as defined in the Social Security
Act, from June 15, 2019, through the date of this decision (20 C.F.R. §§
404.1520(g), 416.920(g)).
(Tr. at 17-26).
IV.

Standard of Review
This case involves an application for disability insurance benefits ("DIB"). An individual

qualifies for DIB if she: (1) is insured for DIB; (2) has not reached the age of retirement; (3) has
filed an application for DIB; and (4) is disabled. 42 U.S.C. § 423(a)(1).
The determination of disability is an administrative decision. To establish a disability, a
plaintiff must show that she is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity due to the
existence of a medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result

in death or that has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve
months. 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A); Abbot v. Sullivan, 905 F.2d 918, 923 (6th Cir. 1990).
The Commissioner employs a five-step sequential evaluation to determine whether an adult
claimant is disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920. The following five issues are addressed in
order: (1) if a claimant is engaging in substantial gainful activity, she is not disabled; (2) if a
claimant does not have a severe impairment, she is not disabled; (3) if the claimant's impairment
meets or equals a listed impairment, she is disabled; (4) if the claimant is capable of returning to
work she has done in the past, she is not disabled; (5) if the claimant can do other work that exists
in significant numbers in the regional or the national economy, she is not disabled. Id. If, at one
step, an ALJ makes a dispositive finding, the inquiry ends without proceeding to the next. 20
C.F.R. §§ 404.1520; 416.920; Skinner v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 902 F.2d 447, 449-50
(6th Cir. 1990). Once, however, the claimant makes a prima facie case that she cannot return to
her former occupation, then the burden shifts to the Commissioner to show that there is work in
the national economy that the claimant can perform considering her age, education, and work
experience. Richardson v. Sec'y of Health and Human Servs., 735 F.2d 962, 964 (6th Cir. 1984);
Noe v. Weinberger, 512 F.2d 588, 595 (6th Cir. 1975).
The standard of judicial review is whether substantial evidence supports the
Commissioner's findings and whether the Commissioner made any legal errors in the process of
reaching the decision. See Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (adopting and defining
substantial evidence standard in the context of Social Security cases); Landsaw v. Sec'y of Health
and Human Servs., 803 F.2d 211, 213 (6th Cir. 1986). Substantial evidence is "such relevant
evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion." Biestek v.
Berryhill, 139 S. Ct. 1148, 1154 (2019). Even if there is contrary evidence, the Commissioner's

findings must be affirmed if evidence exists to support the Commissioner's findings. Ross v.
Richardson, 440 F.2d 690, 691 (6th Cir. 1971). Courts may not reweigh the evidence and substitute
their judgment for that of the Commissioner because substantial evidence exists to support a
different conclusion. The substantial evidence standard allows considerable latitude to
administrative decision-makers. It presupposes a "zone of choice" within which decision-makers
can go either way without court interference. Felisky v. Bowen, 35 F.3d 1027 (6th Cir. 1994) (citing
Mullen v. Bowen, 800 F.2d 535, 548 (6th Cir. 1986)); Crisp v. Sec'y, Health and Human Servs.,
790 F.2d 450 n.4 (6th Cir. 1986).
Courts may consider any evidence in the record, regardless of whether the ALJ cited to it.
See Heston v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec., 245 F.3d 528, 535 (6th Cir. 2001). But courts may not consider
evidence that was not before the ALJ. Foster v. Halter, 279 F.3d 348, 357 (6th Cir. 2001). Courts
are also not obligated to scour the record for errors not identified by the claimant. Howington v.
Astrue, No. 2:08-cv-189, 2009 WL 2579620, at *6 (E.D. Tenn. August 18, 2009) (stating that
assignments of error not made by claimant were waived). Further, issues "adverted to in a
perfunctory manner, unaccompanied by some effort at developed argumentation, are deemed
waived." Kennedy v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec., 87 F. App'x 464, 466 (6th Cir. 2003) (quoting United
States v. Elder, 90 F.3d 1110, 1118 (6th Cir. 1996)).
V.

Analysis
Plaintiff contends that substantial evidence does not support the ALJ's residual functional

capacity ("RFC") determination because he "failed to properly evaluate the opinion of treating
medical source Deanna Irick, LPC-MHSP." [Doc. 16 at 8]. Plaintiff's main specific contentions
are that the ALJ: (1) improperly evaluated Ms. Irick's opinion; (2) did not properly discuss
supportability; (3) improperly found Plaintiff's treatment to be conservative; and (4) erred in

considering the objective evidence. [Doc. 16 at 10-16].
A.

Evaluating Ms. Irick's Opinion

Plaintiff claims "it was improper for the ALJ to discount Ms. Irick's opinion because it in
part relied on Plaintiff's subjective complaints." Id. at 10. Plaintiff relies on a statement from the
Sixth Circuit that "[t]he report of a psychiatrist should not be rejected simply because of the . . .
absence of substantial documentation." Blankenship v. Bowen, 874 F.2d 1116, 1121 (6th Cir.
1989).
However, Blankenship is inapposite because the ALJ does not rely on a lack of
documentation. Rather, the ALJ pointed to the conflict between the existing documentation and
Ms. Irick's reliance on Plaintiff's self-reports. 2 Therefore, the ALJ did not err this regard.
B.

Supportability

Plaintiff claims "the ALJ failed to conduct a proper supportability analysis." [Doc. 16 at
10]. Plaintiff specifically states that "the ALJ did not properly considered [sic] the wellexplained findings that Ms. Irick provided in narrative form." Id. at 11.
The ALJ is required to discuss "the supportability and consistency factors for a medical
source's medical opinions." 20 C.F.R. 404.1520c(b)(2). Supportability involves how a medical
source supports their own opinion through objective medical evidence and explanations. Id. at
(c)(1).
The ALJ stated that Ms. Irick's "assertions are based largely on [Plaintiff's] self-reports
and not on her clinical presentations or mental status examination that differ significantly." (Tr.
24). This clearly compares Ms. Irick's opinion with Plaintiff's clinical presentations and mental
status examination. The ALJ then gave multiple examples as to how the medical record
The ALJ stated that Ms. Irick's "assertions are based largely on [Plaintiff's] self-reports and not on her clinical
presentations or mental status examination that differ significantly." (Tr. 24).
2

conflicted with Ms. Irick's opinion. See id.
Therefore, the ALJ did not fail to conduct a proper supportability analysis.
C.

Conservative Treatment

The ALJ found that Ms. Irick's opinion was "not proportional to the typically conservative
treatment she was offered." Id. Plaintiff claims her "mental health treatment history [] was anything
but 'conservative.'" [Doc. 16 at 12]. She states that she "had a historical diagnosis of depression,
anxiety, ADHD, OCD, and PTSD." Further, she had "up to 11 medications for mental health" and
"sought mental health stabilization on October 6, 2020." Id. at 11-12.
The Court first notes the difficulty in assigning precision to the term "conservative
treatment" in the mental health realm. None of the ALJ, the Commissioner, nor Plaintiff offers a
definition of the term. The Court can easily come up with examples of what would clearly be
conservative or non-conservative treatment at the extremes. 3 However, the Court finds that in the
mental health context, "conservative treatment" is particularly abstruse. Nonetheless, the issue
must be examined.
Plaintiff's claim that her historical diagnoses undermine the ALJ's claim of conservative
treatment is unpersuasive. The ALJ readily acknowledged and discussed Plaintiff's diagnoses 4 but
found her treatment of those diagnoses to be conservative.
Plaintiff's claim that she had up to 11 mental health medications is more persuasive.
However, the ALJ noted that "[h]er symptoms of mental health impairments showed positive
response to treatment." Plaintiff's experience seeking mental health stabilization on October 6,
2020, is illustrative. The ALJ noted that Plaintiff "indicated that she had not been taking medication

Breathing exercises to combat anxiety would clearly be conservative treatment. A ten-month hospitalization that
included physical restraints to prevent harm to self and others would not be conservative.
4
See Tr. 21.
3

for mental health impairments for over six months, and thus was having symptom exacerbation."
(Tr. 22). Despite this, Plaintiff generally presented in good health and appearance and denied
suicidal ideation. Id. Plaintiff was "discharged the subsequent day in good condition" and at a
follow-up a few days later "reported that her medications were beneficial, that her moods were
improved, and that her anxiety was better." Id.
While the issue is not clear cut, the Court finds that there is substantial evidence in the
record to support the ALJ's conclusion regarding conservative treatment.
D.

Objective Evidence

Plaintiff claims that the ALJ's reliance "on a lack of 'objective evidence' as a reason for
rejecting Ms. Irick's opinion" was error. [Doc. 16 at 12].
Plaintiff cites to 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpt. P, App'x 1, § 12.00(C)(2), which states that a
claimant's reported symptoms noted by a medical source are "relevant medical evidence about
your disorder." Plaintiff then points to self-reported "increased anxiety" and "inability to focus" as
examples of such relevant medical evidence. [Doc. 16 at 12].
However, the ALJ did not state that self-reported evidence was not relevant. The ALJ stated
that Ms. Irick's opinion on Plaintiff's inability to "function in any work environment" was "based
largely on [Plaintiff's] self-reports during treatment and not on her clinical presentations or mental
status examination that differ significantly." (Tr. 24). Further, the ALJ's reference to "objective
evidence" is referencing Plaintiff's clinical presentations and mental status examination. "[W]hen
mental illness is the basis of a disability claim, clinical and laboratory data may consist of the
diagnosis and observations of professionals trained in the field of psychopathology." Blankenship
v. Bowen, 874 F.2d 1116, 1121 (6th Cir. 1989). Plaintiff's clinical presentations and mental status
examination were the observations of such professionals.

Therefore, the ALJ did not err in his reliance on objective evidence.
E.

Summary

Plaintiff alleges multiple theories of error by the ALJ. While some of her arguments are
supported by some evidence, they are ultimately unpersuasive. The ALJ did not err as alleged and
his decision is supported by substantial evidence.
VI.

Conclusion
Having reviewed the administrative record and the parties' briefs, Plaintiff's Motion for

Summary Judgment [Doc. 15] will be DENIED, the Commissioner's Motion for Summary
Judgment [Doc. 18] will be GRANTED, and the decision of the ALJ is AFFIRMED.
Judgment will be entered in favor of the Commissioner.
SO ORDERED.
/s/ Christopher H. Steger
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE