Cruz v. Johnson
Filing
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MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER - It is therefore ORDERED that Defendants Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. 31 ) is hereby GRANTED IN PART and Plaintiffs claim for hostile work environment is hereby DISMISSED. The remainder of Defendants motion is hereby DENIED. Signed by Judge Amos L. Mazzant, III on 11/29/2016. (baf, )
United States District Court
EASTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS
SHERMAN DIVISION
JOSEPHINE CRUZ
v.
JED JOHNSON, SECRETARY,
DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND
SECURITY
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Civil Action No. 4:15-CV-00302
Judge Mazzant
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
Pending before the Court is Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. #31).
Having considered the relevant pleadings, the Court determines Defendant’s motion should be
granted in part and denied in part.
BACKGROUND
Plaintiff Josephine Cruz (“Cruz”), who is Hispanic, was an employee for the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (“FEMA”), which is part of the Department of Homeland
Security. Cruz worked as a Human Services Specialist at FEMA’s National Processing Center
from 2008 until her employment was terminated in March 2013. FEMA terminated Cruz for
lack of candor, for unprofessional conduct, and for failure to follow instructions. On May 5,
2015, Cruz filed her complaint against FEMA, alleging race-based employment discrimination
and retaliation in violation of 41 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a) and 3(a) (Dkt. #1).
On August 5, 2016, FEMA filed its motion for summary judgment (Dkt. #31). Cruz filed
her response on September 2, 2016 (Dkt. #33). FEMA filed a reply on September 12, 2016 (Dkt.
#35).
LEGAL STANDARD
The purpose of summary judgment is to isolate and dispose of factually unsupported
claims or defenses. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323–24 (1986). Summary judgment
is proper under Rule 56(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure “if the movant shows that
there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a
matter of law.” FED. R. CIV. P. 56(a). A dispute about a material fact is genuine when “the
evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.”
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). Substantive law identifies which
facts are material. Id. The trial court “must resolve all reasonable doubts in favor of the party
opposing the motion for summary judgment.” Casey Enters., Inc. v. Am. Hardware Mut. Ins.
Co., 655 F.2d 598, 602 (5th Cir. 1981).
The party seeking summary judgment bears the initial burden of informing the court of its
motion and identifying “depositions, documents, electronically stored information, affidavits or
declarations, stipulations (including those made for purposes of the motion only), admissions,
interrogatory answers, or other materials” that demonstrate the absence of a genuine issue of
material fact. FED. R. CIV. P. 56(c)(1)(A); Celotex, 477 U.S. at 323. If the movant bears the
burden of proof on a claim or defense for which it is moving for summary judgment, it must
come forward with evidence that establishes “beyond peradventure all of the essential elements
of the claim or defense.” Fontenot v. Upjohn Co., 780 F.2d 1190, 1194 (5th Cir. 1986). Where
the nonmovant bears the burden of proof, the movant may discharge the burden by showing that
there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmovant’s case. Celotex, 477 U.S. at 325; Byers
v. Dall. Morning News, Inc., 209 F.3d 419, 424 (5th Cir. 2000). Once the movant has carried its
burden, the nonmovant must “respond to the motion for summary judgment by setting forth
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particular facts indicating there is a genuine issue for trial.” Byers, 209 F.3d at 424 (citing
Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248–49). A nonmovant must present affirmative evidence to defeat a
properly supported motion for summary judgment. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 257. Mere denials of
material facts, unsworn allegations, or arguments and assertions in briefs or legal memoranda
will not suffice to carry this burden.
Rather, the Court requires ‘“significant probative
evidence’” from the nonmovant to dismiss a request for summary judgment. In re Mun. Bond
Reporting Antitrust Litig., 672 F.2d 436, 440 (5th Cir. 1982) (quoting Ferguson v. Nat’l Broad.
Co., 584 F.2d 111, 114 (5th Cir. 1978)). The Court must consider all of the evidence but must
“refrain from making any credibility determinations or weighing the evidence.” Turner v.
Baylor Richardson Med. Ctr., 476 F.3d 337, 343 (5th Cir. 2007).
ANALYSIS
The Court determines FEMA is entitled to summary judgment on Cruz’s claim for hostile
work environment under Title VII for two reasons.
First, Cruz has not exhausted her
administrative remedies related to her hostile work environment claim. Before filing a Title VII
claim in federal court, a federal employee must exhaust her administrative remedies. Randell v.
U.S. Dep’t of Navy, 157 F.3d 392, 395 (5th Cir. 1998). If the employee fails to comply with this
requirement, the Court is deprived of jurisdiction over the claim. Id. Here, Cruz withdrew any
formal Equal Employment Opportunity (“EEO”) complaint related to a hostile work
environment.
A withdrawal of an EEO complaint is not an exhaustion of administrative
remedies. See White v. Frank, 895 F.2d 243, 244 (5th Cir. 1990) (“[T]o withdraw is to abandon
one’s claim, to fail to exhaust one’s remedies.” (quoting Rivera v. U.S. Postal Serv., 830 F.2d
1037, 1039 (9th Cir. 1987))). Thus, the Court lacks jurisdiction over Cruz’s hostile work
environment claim. Second, Cruz does not establish a prima facie case for a hostile work
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environment claim.
Cruz must prove “(1) she belongs to a protected group; (2) she was
subjected to unwelcome harassment; (3) the harassment complained of was based on race; (4) the
harassment complained of affected a term, condition, or privilege of employment; (5) the
employer knew or should have known of the harassment in question and failed to take prompt
remedial action.” Ramsey v. Henderson, 286 F.3d 264, 268 (5th Cir. 2002) (citation omitted).
Cruz neither makes an effort to establish these elements nor does she respond to FEMA’s
arguments related to the claim.
Further, Cruz has not separately pleaded a hostile work
environment claim in her complaint. She alleges only employment discrimination and retaliation
under 41 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a) and 3(a). Therefore, the Court grants summary judgment for
Cruz’s hostile work environment claim.
After reviewing the summary judgment evidence, the Court further determines that there
are issues of fact remaining related to Cruz’s other causes of action. For these causes of action,
summary judgment should be denied. The case should proceed to trial.
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CONCLUSION
It is therefore ORDERED that Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. #31) is
hereby GRANTED IN PART and Plaintiff’s claim for hostile work environment is hereby
DISMISSED. The remainder of Defendant’s motion is hereby DENIED.
SIGNED this 29th day of November, 2016.
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AMOS L. MAZZANT
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
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