WI-LAN Inc. v. Alcatel-Lucent USA Inc. et al
Filing
368
ORDER granting 306 Motion to Sever. The Clerk of the Court is ORDERED to sever Defendants HTC Corporation, HTC America Inc., and Exedea Inc. from theremaining Defendants in this case. Wi-LAN is ORDERED to pay the filing fee. Signed by Judge Leonard Davis on 03/18/13. cc:attys 3-18-13 (mll, )
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS
TYLER DIVISION
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WI-LAN INC.,
Plaintiff,
vs.
ALCATEL-LUCENT USA INC.,
ET AL.,
Defendants.
CASE NO. 6:10-CV-521
ORDER
Before the Court is Defendants HTC Corporation, HTC America, Inc., and Exedea Inc.’s
(collectively, “HTC”) Motion to Sever (Docket No. 306). After considering the briefing and oral
argument, the Court GRANTS the motion.
BACKGROUND
Wi-Lan initially brought this pre-AIA suit against eleven defendants. Four defendant
groups remain: (1) the HTC Defendants; (2) Alcatel-Lucent USA, Inc.; (3) the Ericsson
Defendants1; and (4) the Sony Defendants2. HTC filed a first motion to sever and transfer on
January 26, 2011. Docket No. 72. The Court denied the motion. Docket No. 128. On February
4, 2013, HTC filed this motion, again asking the Court to sever it. Docket No. 306. In the
current motion, HTC points out that since the Court’s prior ruling, the Federal Circuit has
decided In re EMC. 677 F.3d 1351, 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2012). Thus, the Court construes this as a
Motion to Reconsider HTC’s Motion to Sever in light of In re EMC.3
1
Including Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson and Ericsson, Inc.
Including Sony Mobile Communications AB and Sony Mobile Communications (USA), Inc.
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HTC further asks for a separate trial in its motion. The Court will address the trial plan in a separate opinion.
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APPLICABLE LAW
Defendants may be joined in one action “if: (A) any right to relief is asserted against
them jointly, severally, or in the alternative with respect to or arising out of the same transaction,
occurrence, or series of transactions or occurrences." FED. R. CIV. P. 20(a)(2). The Federal
Circuit recently clarified that, in patent cases, "joinder is not appropriate where different products
and processes are involved." In re EMC Corp., 677 F.3d at 1359. "Unless there is an actual link
between the facts underlying each claim of infringement, independently developed products
using differently sourced parts are not part of the same transaction, even if they are
coincidentally identical." Id. The "mere fact that infringement of the same claims of the same
patent is alleged does not support joinder, even though the claims would raise common questions
of claim construction and patent invalidity." Id. at 1357.
However, the Federal Circuit also made clear In re EMC is not an absolute bar to joinder.
Rather, "the fact that the defendants are independent actors does not preclude joinder as long as
their actions are part of the 'same transaction, occurrence, or series of transactions or
occurrences.'" In re EMC, 677 F.3d at 1356. The "transaction or occurrence" test is applied on a
case-by-case basis "based on a flexib[le] . . . standard [that] enables the federal courts to promote
judicial economy by permitting all reasonably related claims for relief by or against different
parties to be tried in a single proceeding under the provisions of Rule 20." Id.
ANALYSIS
HTC argues it is entitled to severance because common questions of fact and law are
missing between all Defendants. EMC requires both: (1) products or processes that are the same
in respects relevant to the patent; and (2) an “actual link between the facts underlying each claim
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of infringement.” Id.; see also Negotiated Data Solutions v. Apple, Inc., 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS
174839, *6 (E.D. Tex. Dec. 2012) (Gilstrap, J.).
HTC argues that the parties’ accused products—base stations and cell phones—are
different.4 Though there are two different categories of products, as the Court has previously
noted, both of categories are involved in wireless data transmission and are tightly interrelated.
See Docket No. 128. Both product types send and receive data via wireless communication
protocols that comply with the 3GPP standard. Indeed, cell phones must typically communicate
with base stations in order to communicate with other cell phones. “Even though the product
types have general differences, their accused properties—specific communication methods—are
tightly interrelated.” Id. It is the method of communication that is the domain of the patents in
suit.
However, commonality of accused products or processes is not enough. There must also
be an “actual link” between the facts underlying each claim of infringement. “[I]ndependently
developed products using differently sourced parts are not part of the same transaction, even if
they are otherwise coincidentally identical.” In re EMC, 677 F.3d at 1359. Relevant factors in
considering whether joinder is proper include: (1) the temporal proximity of alleged
infringement; (2) the relationship among defendants; (3) the use of common components in the
accused products; (4) licensing or technology agreements between defendants; (5) shared
development and manufacturing; and (6) whether the damages sought are based on lost profits.
Id. at 1359–60.
The “actual links” in this case are insufficient to satisfy this prong of the analysis. First,
though infringement is ongoing as to all defendants and is thus occurring during the same time
period, the hypothetical negotiation dates are significantly different. Second, some licenses exist
4
HTC and Sony manufacture cell phones; Ericsson and Alcatel manufacture base stations.
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between HTC and other defendants, but HTC asserts—and Wi-LAN does not dispute—that the
licenses are unrelated to the technology at issue. The only factor that favors joinder is the fact
that there is a common component in the accused products. Non-party Qualcomm supplies chips
used by both HTC and Sony in most of their accused handsets. These chips include software that
provides some of the functionality that is pertinent in establishing infringement. Docket No.
319. These identically sourced components are a link, but not a sufficient link to require joinder
in light of In re EMC.
CONCLUSION
For these reasons, HTC’s Motion to Sever is GRANTED. The Clerk of the Court is
ORDERED to sever HTC Corporation, HTC America, Inc., and Exedea, Inc. from the
remaining Defendants in this case. Wi-LAN is ORDERED to pay the filing fee.
So ORDERED and SIGNED this 18th day of March, 2013.
__________________________________
LEONARD DAVIS
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
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