Zea et al v. Ford Motor Company
Filing
56
OPINION on Summary Judgment. (Signed by Judge Lynn N Hughes) Parties notified. (ghassan, 4)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS District Court
United States
Southern District of Texas
ENTERED
Alex Zea, ct
aI.,
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Plaintiffs,
'Versus
Ford Motor Company,
Defendant.
March 10, 2017
David J. Bradley, Clerk
Civil Action H-14-32go
Opinion on Summary Judgment
I.
[ntroduction.
A consumer sues a car manufacturer. He says his car's engine cover broke
because it was defective. The manufacturer says that the vehicle was improperly
operated, causing the break. The consumer will take nothing.
2.
Background.
OnAugust 13, 2013, Alex Zea bought a 2013 Ford Focus from Sterling McCall
F ord. Two months later, he drove the car through a large pothole, bending the two
right wheel rims and damaging the tires.
On December 8, 2013, Zea's friend, Olga Lidia Mayorga, drove the car over a
railroad crossing in a suburban neighborhood. The engine cover broke, and the engine
dropped, damaging engine components and rendering the car inoperable.
Zea sued Ford, on September 17,2014, for breach of warranty and violations
of the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Magnusson-Moss Warranty Act.
3.
Warran~.
Zea's claim for breach of express warranty fails because there was no
warrantable defect in the engine cover. His claim for breach of implied warranty of
merchantability also collapses because he has no facts indicating a defect in the part.
The warranty said that, if the car was properly operated and maintained, Ford
would repair or replace parts on the car that malfunctioned or failed during normal use
because of a manufacturing defect. A manufacturing defect is an unreasonably
dangerous deviation from a product's specifications.' The engine cover did not,
however, deviate from Ford's specifications.
Zea's engineer, Richard Tonda, Ph.D., P.E., complained about Ford's change,
before production, of the material specification for the metal used in the engine cover.
He conjectured that the change lowered the allowable stress level for the part, basing
his assumption on the allowable stress to a different part - the motor mount - and not
the engine cover. Without this assumption, T onda admitted that the engine cover met
Ford's specifications, so there was no manufacturing defect in the part.
T onda also admitted that the way in which Mayorga drove over the railroad
tracks undoubtedly exceeded the allowable stress level for the part that broke. Put
simply, the way Mayorga drove was by itself enough to break the engine cover. The
warranty does not cover misuse analogous to driving over curbs or racing. Mayorga's
driving constitutes abuse because she exceeded the limits of the part and of reasonably
safe driving. Zea has no claim for breach of express warranty.
In a claim for breach of implied warranty of merchantability, the good must have
a defect making it unfit for ordinary purposes. 2 The ordinary purpose of a car is
transportation, which the car provided for several months. The engine cover even
remained intact after Zea's drive through a large pothole that bent two wheels and
damaged their tires.
The failure of the part during the train track encounter is neither evidence of
a defect nor evidence that the car was not merchantable. So long as the car performed
adequately, as it had, no breach of an implied warranty was merited merely because the
car did not perform as well as the buyer would like, or even as well as it could. 3 The part
worked adequately until it was destroyed by the driver's excess.
The claims for breach of express or implied warranty fail.
4.
Con.sumer acts.
Neither act creates an independent basis for liability; instead, each is parasitic
on the express or implied warranty claims. Since Zea's claims on the warranties
collapse, the claims under the acts do as well.
I The Torrington Co. v. Stutzman, 46 S.W.3d 849, 844 (Tex. woo).
, See Plas-Tex, Inc. v. U.s. Steel Corp., 774 S.W.4d 442., 444 (Tex. 1989)'
3 General Motors Corp. v. Brewer, 966 SW.2.d 56,57 (Tex. 1998).
5.
Conclusion.
No one in this suit suffered personal injury. First, Zea drove through a pothole
and damaged the new car. In the next abuse, Mayorga drove over a railroad crossing and
broke the engine cover. T onda' s speculations about the force load of the engine mount
- not the engine cover - are the only evidence of a defect in the car. They do not prove
anything about a defect. The cover met Ford's specifications, and Mayorga caused the
part to break.
Zea will take nothing from Ford.
Signed on March
10, 2017,
at Houston, Texas.
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.\/(n __- -
Lyn~~~
United States Districtludge
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