Ledbetter v. Colvin
Filing
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MEMORANDUM AND ORDER granting 12 MOTION for Summary Judgment and Response to Plaintiff's Motion for Summary Judgment, and denying 10 MOTION for Summary Judgment (Signed by Magistrate Judge Stephen Wm Smith) Parties notified.(jmarchand, 4)
United States District Court
Southern District of Texas
ENTERED
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS
HOUSTON DIVISION
M ARK A. L EDBETTER,
Plaintiff,
v.
N ANCY A. B ERRYHILL,
Commissioner of the
Social Security Administration,
Defendant.
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August 14, 2017
David J. Bradley, Clerk
C IVIL A CTION N O. 4:16-CV-03098
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
Plaintiff Mark A. Ledbetter brought this action under the Social Security Act, 42
U.S.C. § 405(g), for review of the decision of the Commissioner’s final decision denying
his request for social security benefits. Dkt. 1. The parties consented to magistrate judge
jurisdiction. Dkt. 7. Both Ledbetter and the Commissioner filed motions for summary
judgment. Dkt. Nos. 10; 12. After reviewing the record and the law, Ledbetter’s motion is
denied and the Commissioner’s motion is granted.
Background
Ledbetter filed a claim for social security disability benefits under on January 26,
2015, alleging disability as of November 11, 2013. Ledbetter’s application was denied, as
was his subsequent request for rehearing. Dkt. 4-3 at 14. A hearing before an
administrative law judge (“ALJ”) was held on June 16, 2016, and the ALJ denied the
claim on July 7, 2016. Id. The ALJ found that the following impairments were “severe” at
step 2 of the sequential evaluation: left shoulder problems, obesity, bipolar disorder,
history of marijuana abuse, and hypertension. Id. at 16. The ALJ determined that
Ledbetter was unable to perform his previous work, but that there was other work in the
national market that he could perform. Id. at 22. Ledbetter’s request for Appellate Council
review was denied on September 2, 2016, making the ALJ’s decision final. Ledbetter then
filed this action for review of the Commissioner’s final decision.
In his sole argument, Ledbetter contends that the Commissioner erred by relying
on a vocational expert’s testimony allegedly inconsistent with the Dictionary of
Occupational Titles (“DOT”) and its supplement. Dkt. 11 at 4.
Analysis
Section 405(g) of the Social Security Act governs the standard of review in
disability cases. Waters v. Barnhart, 276 F.3d 716, 718 (5th Cir. 2002). The
Commissioner's decision to deny social security benefits is reviewed by the federal courts
to determine whether (1) the Commissioner applied the proper legal standard, and (2) the
Commissioner's decision is supported by substantial evidence. Id. “Substantial evidence
is ‘such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a
conclusion,’” Greenspan v. Shalala, 38 F.3d 232, 236 (5th Cir. 1994) (quoting
Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971)), and is “more than a mere scintilla and
less than a preponderance.” Masterson v. Barnhart, 309 F.3d 267, 272 (5th Cir. 2002)
(quoting Newton v. Apfel, 209 F.3d 448, 452 (5th Cir. 2000)). The court does not reweigh
the evidence, try the questions de novo, or substitute its own judgment for that of the
Commissioner. Masterson, 309 F.3d at 272. The courts strive for judicial review that is
deferential but not so obsequious as to be meaningless. Brown v. Apfel, 192 F.3d 492, 496
(5th Cir. 1999) (quoting Taylor v. Bowen, 782 F.2d 1294, 1298 (5th Cir. 1986)).
The ALJ’s Decision
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The ALJ followed the usual five-step process to determine whether Ledbetter was
disabled.1 At step one, the ALJ found that Ledbetter had not engaged in gainful activity
since his alleged onset date through his date last insured. Dkt. 7-3 at 12. At step two, the
ALJ found that Ledbetter’s left shoulder problems, obesity, bipolar disorder, history of
marijuana abuse, and hypertension were severe impairments, but Ledbetter’s mental
limitations did not result in disabling functional limitations and that the materiality of
Ledbetter’s substance abuse is not at issue. Id. at 13. At step three, the ALJ found that
these impairments did not equal the listing of impairments in Appendix 1. At step four,
the ALJ found that Ledbetter had the residual functional capacity (“RFC”) to perform
medium work with some limitations, but was unable to perform his past work. Dkt. 4-3 at
18. Based on this RFC assessment, the ALJ concluded at step five that Ledbetter was not
disabled because there were a significant number of jobs in the national economy that he
could still perform. Id. at 22-23.
The Vocational Expert’s Opinion
The ALJ relied upon testimony from a vocational expert to reach his conclusion.
Dkt. 4-3 at 13. The vocational expert was asked to assume the following limitation on
Ledbetter’s capacity to work: able to perform medium work, limited to minimal overhead
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(1) Is the claimant currently engaged in substantial gainful activity, i.e., working? If the answer is no, (2) Does the
claimant have a severe impairment? If so, (3) Does the severe impairment equal one of the listings in the regulation
known as Appendix 1? If no, (4) Can the claimant still perform his past relevant work? If no, (5) Considering the
claimant's residual functional capacity (RFC), age, education, and work experience, is there other work he can do? If
so, the claimant is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920; Waters, 276 F.3d at 718.
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reaching with the left upper extremity for less than five percent of an eight-hour workday;
standing and sitting no more than six hours in an eight-hour workday; and occasional
lifting of carrying of weight up to twenty-five pounds. Dkt. 4-3 at 17. Based on these
limitations, the vocational expert identified three jobs that exist in significant numbers in
both the local and national economy that Ledbetter was capable of performing: laundry
worker, industrial cleaner, and kitchen helper. Dkt. 4-3 at 22.
Ledbetter claims that the vocational expert testimony is inconsistent with the skill
requirements listed for these jobs in the DOT. Specifically, Ledbetter notes that the three
jobs require frequent reaching, pulling, and grabbing. This purportedly conflicts with the
ALJ’s RFC determination that Ledbetter is limited to medium with work minimal
overhead reaching with the left upper extremity.
The DOT does not automatically trump a vocational expert’s conflicting opinion.
Regulations permit the ALJ to rely on either source of information when determining
whether claimants can make adjustments to alternative available work. See 20 C.F.R. §
404.156(d), (e). And, in appropriate cases, the ALJ may give more weight to expert
vocational testimony than to findings in the DOT. Cary v.Apfel, 230 F.3d 131, 146 (5th
Cir. 2000). To address and resolve the occasional conflict between vocational expert
testimony and DOT information, the ALJ has an affirmative responsibility to ask about
any possible conflict between the vocational expert and the information provided in the
DOT. 2000 WL 1598704, at *4.
The DOT and its supplement do not describe a specific requirement of bilateral
mobility or dexterity for the jobs in question. More significantly, the DOT does not
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specify the extent to which the suggested jobs require bilateral overhead reaching.2 There
is no apparent or obvious conflict between the vocational expert’s testimony and the job
descriptions found in the DOT. Ledbetter’s assertion that these jobs “patently require
frequent to constant bilateral overhead reaching” is not supported by the DOT or anything
else in the record. The ALJ correctly found that the vocational expert’s testimony was
consistent with the DOT. Dkt. 4-3 at 22. The Court concludes that the ALJ applied the
appropriate legal standard and his decision is supported by substantial evidence in the
2
According to the DOT, a kitchen helper
Performs any combination of following duties to maintain kitchen work areas and restaurant
equipment and utensils in clean and orderly condition: Sweeps and mops floors. Washes
worktables, walls, refrigerators, and meat blocks. Segregates and removes trash and garbage
and places it in designated containers. Steamcleans or hoses-out garbage cans. Sorts bottles,
and breaks disposable ones in bottle-crushing machine. Washes pots, pans, and trays by
hand. Scrapes food from dirty dishes and washes them by hand or places them in racks or
on conveyor to dishwashing machine. Polishes silver, using burnishing-machine tumbler,
chemical dip, buffing wheel, and hand cloth. Holds inverted glasses over revolving brushes
to clean inside surfaces. Transfers supplies and equipment between storage and work areas
by hand or by use of handtruck. Sets up banquet tables. Washes and peels vegetables, using
knife or peeling machine. Loads or unloads trucks picking up or delivering supplies and
food.
A laundry laborer,
Prepares laundry for processing and distributes laundry, performing any combination of
following duties: Opens bundles of soiled laundry. Places bundles onto conveyor belt or
drops down chute for distribution to marking and classification sections. Weighs laundry on
scales and records weight on tickets. Removes bundles from conveyor and distributes to
workers, using handtruck. Fastens identification pins or clips onto laundry to facilitate
subsequent assembly of customers’ orders. Sorts net bags containing clean wash according
to customers’ identification tags. Sorts empty net bags according to color and size. Collects
identification tags from lots of laundered articles for reuse. Moistens clean wash preparatory
to ironing. Operates power hoist to load and unload washing machines and extractors. Stacks
linen supplies on storage room shelves. Unloads soiled linen from trucks.
Finally, an industrial cleaner
Drives industrial vacuum cleaner through designated areas, such as factory aisles and
warehouses, to collect scrap, dirt, and other refuse. Empties trash collecting box or bag at
end of each shift. May sift refuse to recover usable materials, such as screws, metal scrap,
or machine parts. May clean machine, using rags and vacuum cleaner. May refuel machine
and lubricate parts. May hand sweep areas inaccessible to machine and pick up scrap.
Dictionary of Occupational Titles DOT - Job Descriptions, D ICTIONARY OF O CCUPATIONAL T ITLES
DOT, http://occupationalinfo.org/ (last visited Aug 14, 2017).
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record.
Conclusion
For these reasons, Ledbetter’s motion for summary judgment is denied, and the
Commissioner’s motion for summary judgment is granted.
Signed at Houston, Texas, on August 14, 2017.
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