Granderath v. M&T Mortgage et al
Filing
24
MEMORANDUM DECISION granting 10 Defendants' Motion to Dismiss; granting 12 Defendants' Motion to Dismiss. Signed by Judge Ted Stewart on 07/26/2011. (tls)
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF UTAH
CENTRAL DIVISION
DANIEL GANDERATH,
Plaintiff,
MEMORANDUM DECISION AND
ORDER GRANTING DEFENDANTS’
MOTIONS TO DISMISS
vs.
M&T MORTGAGE; CITIBANK FSB;
CHASE HOME FINANCE;
CITIMORTGAGE; MORTGAGE
ELECTRONIC REGISTRATION SYSTEM,
AND DOES 1-10,
Case No. 2:11-CV-389 TS
Defendants.
This matter is before the Court on two Motions to Dismiss filed by Defendants.1 For the
reasons discussed below, the Court will grant both Motions.
1
Defendants Chase Home Finance (“Chase”) and Mortgage Electronic Registration
System (“MERS”) have filed one Motion (Docket No. 10), while Defendants Citibank FSB
(“Citibank”), CitiMortgage, and MERS have filed the second (Docket No. 12). Defendant M&T
has been dismissed from this action. Docket No. 18.
1
I. BACKGROUND
On July 26, 2005, Plaintiff executed a promissory note in favor of M&T Mortgage in the
principal amount of $612,700 (the “First Note”). The First Note is secured by a Deed of Trust
(the “First Trust Deed”), which encumbers real property in Draper, Utah (the “Property”). The
First Trust Deed identifies Integrated Title as trustee, M&T Mortgage as lender, and MERS as
beneficiary “solely as nominee for Lender and Lender’s successor and assigns.”2 Under the First
Trust Deed, “MERS (as nominee for Lender and Lender’s successors and assigns) has the right:
to exercise any and all of those interests, including, but not limited to, the right to foreclose and
sell the Property; and to take any action required of Lender, including, but not limited to,
releasing and cancelling this Security Instrument.”3 Servicing of the First Note was assigned to
Defendant Chase.
On January 11, 2006, Plaintiff executed a promissory note in favor of Citibank in the
amount of $250,000 (the “Second Note”). The Second Note is secured by a Deed of Trust (the
“Second Trust Deed”), which encumbers the Property. The Second Trust Deed states that MERS
“is Beneficiary of this Deed of Trust solely as nominee for Lender and Lender’s successors and
assigns and the successors and assigns of [MERS].”4 CitiMortgage is the successor in interest of
the Second Note.
Plaintiff failed to meet his obligations under the Notes and Trust Deeds.
2
Docket No. 11, Ex. A.
3
Id.
4
Docket No. 13, Ex. A.
2
II. MOTION TO DISMISS STANDARD
In considering a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6), all well-pleaded factual
allegations, as distinguished from conclusory allegations, are accepted as true and viewed in the
light most favorable to Plaintiff as the nonmoving party.5 Plaintiffs must provide “enough facts
to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.”6 All well-pleaded factual allegations in the
amended complaint are accepted as true and viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving
party.7 But, the court “need not accept . . . conclusory allegations without supporting factual
averments.”8 “The court’s function on a Rule 12(b)(6) motion is not to weigh potential evidence
that the parties might present at trial, but to assess whether the plaintiff’s complaint alone is
legally sufficient to state a claim for which relief may be granted.”9
In considering the adequacy of a plaintiff’s allegations in a complaint subject to a motion
to dismiss, a district court not only considers the complaint, but also “documents incorporated
into the complaint by reference, and matters of which a court may take judicial notice.”10 Thus,
“notwithstanding the usual rule that a court should consider no evidence beyond the pleadings on
5
GFF Corp. v. Associated Wholesale Grocers, Inc., 130 F.3d 1381, 1384 (10th Cir.
1997).
6
Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 547 (2007).
7
GFF Corp., 130 F.3d at 1384.
8
S. Disposal, Inc., v. Tex. Waste, 161 F.3d 1259, 1262 (10th Cir. 1998); Hall v. Bellmon,
935 F.2d 1106, 1110 (10th Cir. 1991).
9
Miller v. Glanz, 948 F.2d 1562, 1565 (10th Cir. 1991).
10
Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308, 322 (2007) (citing 5B
WRIGHT & MILLER § 1357 (3d ed. 2004 and Supp. 2007)).
3
a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss, ‘[a] district court may consider documents referred to in the
complaint if the documents are central to the plaintiff’s claim and the parties do not dispute the
documents’ authenticity.’”11
III. DISCUSSION
A.
DECLARATORY JUDGMENT
Plaintiff seeks declaratory judgment that Defendants have no right to foreclose on the
Property. Plaintiff makes two arguments in support of this claim. First, Plaintiff argues that
MERS is not a proper beneficiary under the deed of trust. Second, Plaintiff asserts that “MERS
must have a separate agency agreement with subsequent owners of the promissory note in order
to retain its status as a ‘beneficiary’ under a deed of trust.”12
Turning to the first argument, the Court finds that it must be rejected. Plaintiff
recognizes, as he must, that this Court has repeatedly rejected this argument, but feels compelled
to direct the Court’s attention to recent case law holding that MERS cannot act as beneficiary.
As Plaintiff correctly recognizes, this Court has repeatedly held that MERS has the ability to act
as a beneficiary, conduct foreclosure proceedings, and make assignments of deeds of trust. The
Utah Court of Appeals has recently agreed with this assessment.13 Plaintiff has provided no basis
11
Alvarado v. KOBTV, LLC, 493 F.3d 1210, 1215 (10th Cir. 2007) (quoting Jacobsen v.
Deseret Book Co., 287 F.3d 936, 941 (10th Cir. 2002)).
12
Docket No. 19 at iii; see also Docket No. 15 at 9 (“MERS lost its status as a
‘beneficiary’ unless it entered into a separate agency/beneficiary agreement with the subsequent
purchaser of the promissory notes.”).
13
Commonwealth Property Advocates, LLC v. Mortgage Electronic Registration System,
Inc., — P.3d —, 2011 WL 2714429, at *4-5 (July 14, 2011).
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for the Court to reconsider its prior decisions and the Court declines to do so. The plain language
of the deeds of trust in this case specifically recognizes MERS as the beneficiary and Plaintiff has
presented nothing to suggest that this is improper.
Plaintiff next argues that MERS must have a separate agency agreement with subsequent
owners of the promissory note in order to retain its status as a “beneficiary” under a deed of trust.
This argument, however, is not supported by law or the plain language of the deed of trust. The
deed of trust specifically establishes MERS as “a nominee for Lender and Lender’s successors
and assigns.”14 Under the express terms of the deeds of trust, Plaintiff agreed to MERS’s
continuing status as nominee and beneficiary, even after the deeds of trust were transferred,
assigned, or sold. Therefore, this argument too must be rejected.
B.
QUIET TITLE
Plaintiff requests the Court quiet title to the Property in his favor. Plaintiff’s quiet title
claim is based on the allegation that the “Trust Deeds and Notes were intentionally separated by
assignment of the respective trust deeds without assignment of the Notes during the
securitization process” and “[s]ubsequent to securitization of the Plaintiff’s Notes, M&T
Mortgage, Citibank, CitiMortgage, and MERS have no interest in the Subject Property.”15 This
Court has again repeatedly rejected such “securitization” and “split note” claims. Therefore, this
claim must fail as well.
14
Docket No. 11, Ex. A; Docket No. 13 Ex. A.
15
Docket No. 1, Ex. A, ¶¶ 140-41.
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C.
BREACH OF THE COVENANT OF GOOD FAITH AND FAIR DEALING16
Plaintiff’s seventh cause of action alleges that Defendants breached the duty of good
faith. Specifically, Plaintiff alleges that Defendants breached the duty by: (1) making
representations and material misrepresentations to Plaintiff concerning the status of Plaintiff’s
Notes and his ability to modify the terms of his Notes; (2) failing to present evidence, upon
Plaintiff’s request, regarding the unidentified and/or misrepresented current foreclosor’s
authority; and (3) failing to provide proof that it was (or is) the true holder of the Note or that it
was the authorized agent for purposes of foreclosing the note. The Court finds that this claim
fails as a matter of law.
The covenant of good faith and fair dealing, which inheres in every contractual
relationship, “cannot be construed to establish new, independent rights or duties not agreed upon
by the parties.”17 Plaintiffs’ seventh cause of action seeks to impose new duties upon Defendants
and grant Plaintiff new rights relating to the modification of the loan’s original terms. The
covenant of good faith and fair dealing cannot be relied on to create a contract different than the
one agreed to by the parties. Plaintiff’s seventh cause of action, therefore, fails as a matter of law
and must be dismissed.
16
Plaintiff does not oppose Defendants Citibank, CitiMortgage, and MERS’ Motion to
Dismiss his claim for breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing. See Docket No. 19.
Plaintiff does, however, oppose dismissal of this claim in his opposition to the Motion to Dismiss
filed by Chase and MERS. See Docket No. 15. Therefore, the Court will discuss this claim.
17
PDQ Lube Center, Inc. v. Huber, 949 P.2d 792, 798 (Utah Ct. App. 1997).
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D.
REMAINING CLAIMS
In addition to the claim discussed above, Plaintiff’s Complaint brings claims intentional
misrepresentation, negligent misrepresentation, violation of the Utah Deceptive Trade Practices
Act, and lack of formation of contract. Plaintiff has failed to oppose Defendants’ Motions to
Dismiss these claims. Therefore, the Court finds that Plaintiff has abandoned these claims and
they will be dismissed.
IV. CONCLUSION
It is therefore
ORDERED that the Motion to Dismiss filed by Chase and MERS (Docket No. 10) is
GRANTED. It is further
ORDERED that the Motion to Dismiss filed by Citbank, CitiMortgage, and MERS
(Docket No. 12) is GRANTED.
Plaintiff’s Complaint is dismissed with prejudice. The Clerk of the Court is directed to
close this case forthwith.
DATED July 26, 2011.
BY THE COURT:
_____________________________________
TED STEWART
United States District Judge
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