Burruss v. Riley et al

Filing 46

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 3/3/2017. (mab)

I THE UNI
N
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT
FOR TH E W ESTERN DI
STRI OF V I GN A
CT
R
CHAM OTTESVI
LLE DI SI
VI ON

CL SOFFI U. .
ERK'
CE
AT
s DI . tRT
ST O l
ROANOKE,VA
FI
LED

MA2 C3 2 1
27
J
U

BY;

BENJ I BURRUSS,
AM N

Pl htf,
ai if

u cu x
sy m

L
ERK

Ci lAc i N o.3: 5CV00065
vi ton
1

M EM OM NDUM OPI ON
NI
GARNETT RI
LEY,e a1,
t .

By:
Hon.Gln E.Co a
e
nr d
Chi fUnie Stt sDititJ
e
t d a e src udge

Dee n s
f nda t .

Plitf Bej mi Bu r s ûld t i a to a is d fn a t Al ma l Co n y
anif n n n rus e hs cin gan t e e d n s be re u t ,
Vigi a a s ve a polc oo c s wih t Al ma Co mt Polc De rm e ,a l ng
r ni nd e r l i e
er t he be de t y
ie pa t nt legi

vi ainsof42 U. C.j 1 a sae lw.Thi c e i pr s nty beor t co ton t
olto
S.
983 nd tt a
s as s e e l f e he ur
he
pl i i sm o i n f rl a t n e li c
antY
to o e ve o m nd ls ompl nt Fort r as s tf t be o pl i ifs
ai .
he e ons e orh l w, antf
m o i wilbede e
tons l
ni d.
B ackzround

OnNo mb r1 , 5 plitf Be j mi Bur s (%t u s' flds i a ans fv lw
ve e 8 201 , an if n n n nls G m's ' ie ut g i t i e a
)
e or me a nt , be reCount Vigi a,a ç
nf ce nt ge s Al ma l
y, r ni nd vohn Doe 1- ' a lgi t tde e nt
s 10, le ng ha f nda s
'
vi aed hi co tm tona rg s durng a i i ntt t oc ure on N o m be 21 201 On
ol t
s nsi i l i ht
i n ncde ha c r d
ve r , 3.
J nua y 25,201 t def nda ssl d a m oton t dim is whih t c tgr nt d i par a
a r
5, he e nt e
i o s s , c he our a e n t nd
de e i pa t Specsc ly, t c t dimi s d c t I a 1 of t pl i ifs orgi l
ni d n r.
i a l he our s s e oun s nd 1
he antf' i na
c pl i w ih r pec t t ac i ns t ke by 1 w e or m e a nt a t r t y obt ne a
om a nt t es t o he to a n
a nf ce nt ge s f e he
ai d n

Eme g n y Cuso y Or e (
re c
td d r ç
%CO' . ru sv. ly - F. u p. (-- 2 6W L 3 6 5 2 a
' Bu r s Rie , - S p 31 -, 01
)
3 0 3 ,t
* ( . Va Jme 1 20 6 .
5 W D. . t 4, 1 )

Burusnow s ks t na e t G hn Doe' de e ant a t c a iy c ran al gai
r
ee o m he t
lo
' f nd s nd o l rf e ti le tons
r ga di hi cli sa
e r ng s am boutt ECO.Thede e nt o
he
f nda s ppos pli ifsm o i t n e a gung
e antf
ton o m nd, r i
t ta a tm ptt a e t f c ua alegai nsr a i t t ECO woul be f ie ast c t
ha ny te
o m nd he a t l l to eltng o he
d
utl, he our
ha ar ady dimi s d pl i if c am sa t y r l t t a tonst ke a tri s nce oft ECO.
s le
s s e antfs l i s he e ae o c i a n fe s ua
he
Def nda s a s co e t t nme
e nt lo nt nd hat he
nded co pl nt wou d notr l e bac a pli ifs
m ai
l
eat
k, nd a ntf
cai woul t be tm e ba r d.SeeA Soc' W ihouta Na v.Vi i a 655 F. 3 348
l ms
d hus i - r e
y t
me
m ni ,
3d 42,

(t Ci.2 1 Cd i r g r t j 1 8 ml e ua- r tcin cams t saueo -i tto
4 h r 01 ) W t e ad o 9 3 d q lp o e to li , he ttt- fl ains
h
mi
peid frb t i t y as' . eisa tmatrh sb e f l b if d a tep risa vs d
ro o oh s wo e r.) Th n tn te a e n ul ree , nd h a t d ie
'
y
e
t c t ha t y do notr ques a he rng.Theis i rpef rr viw .
he our t t he
e t ai
s ue s i o e e
D i c s on
s us i

Fe e a Rul o Cii P o e l e 1 ()1 p o ie f rr lto b c o a a n me tt a
d r l e f vl r c dz 5 c( ) r vd s o eain a k f n me d n o
r
c m pl ntwhe
o ai
n

( t a nd n a s rs a cam o d fns t tao e o t o t e c nd t
B) he me me t se t li r ee e ha r s u f h o uc,
ta a ton,or oc = e e s t ou--or a tmpt t be s t out i t orgi
r ns c i
c nc e t
te ed o
e
- n he i nal
pl a ng;or
e di

( te a n me tc n e t p ry o t e n mi g o t p ry a ans who a
C) h me d n ha g s he a t r h a n f he a t g i t
cam i a s re ,fRu e1 ()1( i s tsida i, ti tepeidp o i e
li s se td i l 5 c( )B) s aife nd f wi n h ro r v d d
h
b Rue4( f rsr i gt esl nsa d c mplit t ep ryt beb o g ti
y l m) o ev n h l
mmo n o an , h a t o t u h n
by n e e :
m ndm nt

() r c i d s c n tc o t e a to t a i wilno be p eu ie i
i e eve u h oie f h cin h t t l t rj d c d n
de endi on t m e is a
f ng he rt ; nd

(i k e o s o l h v k o t a t ea to wo d h v b e b o h
i) n w r h u d a e n wn h t h cin ul a e e n r ug t
a ns i,butf am it ke c e ni t pr rpa t si ntt
gai t t
or
sa onc r ng he ope ry' de iy.

Fe .R. v P.1 ()1( , C) W h n ap o o e a nd1 n c n e t na o apa t te
d Ci . 5 c( )B) ( . e r p s d me me t ha g s he me f ry,h
a ndi pa t mus stsyt r quie nt s tfrh i Rul 1 c( )C)i a (i.Ro ns n
me ng ry t aif he e rme s e o t n e 5()1( () nd i) bi o
v. i e 602F. 605,608( h Ci.201 .W he t a ndi pa t s e t addadee n,
Clps ,
3d
4t r 0)
n he me ng ry e ks o
fnda t

2

t f usi on whehe t tpr pos de e ant( w ors dha known t ti woul ha
he oc s
t r ha o ed f nd s
kne
houl ve
ha t
d ve
bee nn e a a de e ntbut f a e r n' Kr kiv.Cosa Cr i r ,560 U. 538,548
n m d s
f nda
or n r o ' ups
t oc e e
S.

( 01 )
2 0.
Her ,i i wihout de t t tt nnmi of t J m Doe de e nt s ts s Rul
e t s t
ba e ha he
ng
he ol
f nda s aise
e

1 ()1( ,t a t e ' me d n a s rs a cam o d fns t t ao e o to te c d t
5 c( )B) h t h d n me t se t li r ee e ha r s u f h on uc,
a
tans cton, oc t nc s tout...n t orgna pl a ng. The e o e t r l ntque ton i
r a i oi cuw e e
i he i i l e di ' r f r , he eeva
'
si s
whet rt nn e i vi s wihn tep ro o t p o i e b Rue4 m)1: e ev d s h
he he m d ndi dual, ti h ei d f i r v d d y l ( , : c j e uc
me
r

n t eo t ea to t t(h y wgu d n tb p eu ie 'a ' l w o s u dh vel wnt t
oi f h cin ha te j o l j o e rj dc d' nd ç l r ho l a l
c
ke
no ha
t a ton wo d ha be n br t a ns (he ,but f a mitke. Fe R. Ci P.
he ci
ul ve e ough gai t t mj
or
sa ' d.
'
v.

1 ()1( () (i.
5c ( )C)i, i)
I -j emao i o c u t a ret tRue 1 ()3 d e no p r ts b t uin f rç e
'l h j rt f o rs g e ha l 5 c () o s t e mi u si to o Do '
gn
y
t
de enda s a t t lmia i pe i has nm.'Goodm a v.Pr xar I ,49 F. 458,470
f nt fer he i t tons rod
'
n
a i. nc. 4 3d

(t Ci. 0 7 . h l Rue 1 ()3 ( s a sb o dy o aG sa ec n en n t ie tt o
4 h r 2 0 ) W ie l 5c ()B) pe k r a l f û tk o c r i g he d n i f
mi
y
t pr r pa t ' t r i a dif r nc be we n a m itke d t a l c of knowldge a a
he ope ry,' he e s
fe e e t e
sa ue o a k
e
nd

mitkeduet aminome .Se Loc e rv.Be g n & Be ng,457F.d 363,36667 (t Ci.
sa
o s r e kla
r ma
vi
3
- 4h r

20 6 .ç l mi gDo d fn a t s l-vie tyi no ç sa e s ht tteDo s b tt t h s
0 ) ç' n n e ee d n s efç d nl s mitk ' uc ha h e u siue a
l
N
r ceve pr pe notc ' Goo a 494 F. a 471.
e i d o r i e.
' dm n,
3d t

Pli ifa guest tt ame d c
a ntf r
ha he
nde ompli s d r lt ba k.Pli ifc endst the
ant houl ea e c
antf ont
ha
fld a r ques f r r o ds pe t i ng t t s J
ie
e t o ec r
rani o he e ohn Doe def nt ptr ua t t Vigi a
enda s ls nt o he r ni

Fr e ofI or tonAc,Va.
e dom nf mai
t Codej2. 3700,.s q.Healgest tr c dsi ntf ngt
2:1 e
le ha e or de iyi he
J l Doede e nt we ewihhe d;heonl l n ne t nn e oft o t e son No mber1
om
f nda s r t l
y e r d he m s he fk r
ve
,

1

Rue4m)rq ie t t d fn a tb sr e wi i 9 d y a rfl go tec mplit
l ( e urs ha a ee d n e ev d t n 0 a s ûe in fh o an .
h
i
3

201 The c tbele s t t pli ifs a gu e t m a cl r t t he s e t a e hi
6.
our
ive ha antf
r m n s ke ea ha
e ks o m nd s
c
ompl i no be us ofam inom e .I t ad, l c d kno e oft J m Doede e nt '
ant t ca e
s
r nse he a ke
wl dge he ol
f nda s

tuei nttesa now s e t addt m t hi lws t
r de ii nd
e ks o
he o s a ui.
Ne rhel s i Goodm a t Fourh Cic tca i ne a i tpa sng t m e ni of
ve t es , n
n, he
t r ui uto d ga ns r i he a ng

' sa . Go d n 4 4 F.d a 4 <-j tx o Rul 1 ()3 do sn ts p r ( itit
I tke' o ma , 9 3 t 71( g he e t f e 5 c( ) e o u po t dsrc
mi
'
çf
c u t' p ri o t G sa e lng a e' l ta ,adsrc c u t s ço kl i t wheh r
o rsq asng f he mitk ' a u g . nse d itit o r mu t t o ) no te
l.
l
t rg soft ne pary,gr unde i t saut o lmia i ,wilbe ha me i t tpa t i
he i ht
he w
t o
d n he t t e f i t tons l
r d f ha ry s
br ti o t ltga i ' I ç he t tpa t ha be n gi n f i notc ofa c am wihi t
ough nt he ii ton. d. l n ha ry s e ve ar i e
' W
l i t n he

lmiainsp ro a d wils fe n i o e p eudc i d f n ig i,te l e a a nd n
i tto e id n l u fr o mpr p r rj ie n e e dn t h i rl me me t
b
polce oft Fe r Rul fvo r lton- k. J (mp ssi o ii l. r ,h c u t e
iis he deal es a r eai bac ' i e ha i n rgna) He e te o r do s
'
-

no be ive t t J m Doe de e nt kne ors d ha known t tt a ton woul ha
t le hat he oi
f nda s w
houl ve
ha he ci
d ve

b e b o g ta an tt e b tfra mitk . e .R.Ci P.1 ()1( (i. o e v r t e9 e n r u h g is h m u o
sa e F d
v. 5c ( )C)i M ro e , h 0
)
p rodp o d dbyRue4 m)h dar a ynm p irt paniflarigt n me o t p ris
ei r vie
l ( a le d
ro o litf e rln he n s f he a t .
e
l i disc tt i a ne t tt s de e n sknew ors d ha known t tt y woul ha
t s f ul o m gi ha he e f nda t
houl ve
ha he
d ve

be n na e butf rt i i nttesbeng wihhel o t tt y kne t ri ntte we ebeng
e m d
o her de ii
i
t d, r ha he
w hei de iis r i
wihhe d a a l Ac or ngl t t e e t pli ifs e t n nd hi c pli t na et
t l t l. c di y, o he xt nt he antf e ks o me
s om a nt o m he
J m Doe de e nt,s h a e
ol
f nda s uc m ndme wilnotr l t bac Any cai agans a ne de e nt
nt l
e ae k.
lm
i t w f nda

woul be ba r d by t sa ut oflm iai nsa t r f r f tl .The c twilde pl i ifs
d
re
he tt e i t to nd he e o e u ie
our l ny antf '
moton f r la t a nd t nn t J m Doe de e nt .See Unied St esv.Pit a 209
i o e ve o me o me he ol
f nda s
t
at
tm n,

F. 31 31 ( h Ci.2000)( dititc tma de l ve t n nd i s h n nd nt
3d 4, 7 4t r
a src our y ny ea o me f uc me me
woul bef tl)
d uie .
Btrus a s s eks t a e hi c pli t t ca iy al ga i r ltng t t ECO.
tr s l o e
o m nd s om a n o lrf le tons ea i o he
Bt s a r t t t add tona i or ai n co pors t pl a ngs t t e de e t be
unls ve s ha he
ii l nf m to
m t he e di
o he vi nc o

4

ofe ed a tila clrfesç antf sc t nton t tt ECO wa is d on t sr ngt oft
f r t ra nd a ii ç i if on e i ha he
pl
s sue
he te h he

ofi rs i si ton a obs r a i aone,a t t t r w e e t ECOs on t da i
fce ' nve tga i nd
e v ton l
nd ha he e r wo
he y n
que to 'P1' M ot t Am e a 2, ke No.21
si n. .s
'
.o
nd t Doc t
.
I i wels tl d 1 w t a d src co tmay de lavet n e whe t ame m e
t s l-e te a hat itit ur
ny e
o m nd
n he
nd nt

wo l b ftl.S e Kay e v.Pe n Na.Ga n sI c,6 7 F.d 4 2 471 (t Ci.2 1 .
u d e uie e tl
n t mig n . 3 3 6 ,
4h r 01 )
ç iiy i a r nti t pr pos d a nde c
Tutlt s ppa e f he o e me d ompli f ist sae ac am t rt a i a e
ant a l o t t l i mde he pplc bl

nle a ac ompanyi sa r ' J= I isprvi me a lm o ni t c tf md
ls nd c
ng tndads. #. n t e ous morndl pi pn, he our ot
'
.

t tt def nda s we e s el d by q lfe i
ha he e nt r hi de
uai d mmuniy i r lton t t i aci t ke a tr
t n ea i o her tons a n fe

t y obt i a ECO.Fr m t f t ale i t compl nt t c tdee m i d t tti was
he
aned n
o he acs lged n he
ai , he our tr ne ha G
t

r a o be f r g d fn a tq t beive t t Mr .Bu zs pr vd d te M a itae wih
e s na l o t e e d n s o le ha s m s o ie h
he
gsrt t
s fc e i or ton t esa ih pr bl ca e t dean Bum z s' Bum zs 201 W L
ufii nt nf ma i o t bls oba e us o t i
s.
'
s,
6

3 6 3 ,a * . r , h p o o e a n e c mplita s rst a t M a itaej g is d
3 05 2 t 5 He e t e r p s d me d d o an s et h t he gsrt ud e sue

a ECO p irt rc ii a d rj ci g Mr .Bu r s 's l p tto .Ho v r tepr p s d
n
ro o e evng n ee tn s ru s wo' eiin we e , h o o e
n
n nded c
me
ompli tdoe no al get tde e an swe e a r t tt ECO wasis prort
an
s t le ha f nd t r wa e ha he
s ued i o

t M a itaeh a igfo Mz . n s P o s dAm. mpl!4345 5 - 1
he gsrt e rn r m s Bu us . r po e
Co . - , 0 5 .
I i t co tsbeleft t i t si t nc whehe t ECO wasis d on t sr ngh
t s he ur ' i ha , n hi nsa e, t r he
s ue
he te t
oft ofk e s'i si ton a obs r ton al o upon t s n a sda tofM r .Bur u s
he t r nve tga i nd e va i one, r
he wor f vi
s
rs,
doe notc nget qua i d i t t a l i.The f c si t pr e n e d co pl nt
s
ha
he lfe mm miy nayss
a t n he opos d m nde m ai

do not s s t t t dee nt wee a r of t s ditnci J= ' e nty, t
ugge t ha he fnda s r wae
hi si ton. - .Cons que l he
#
de e n s r inc on t ECO f pr ba e ca e woul r m an r as na e t de e nt
f nda t ' ela e
he
or o bl us
d e i e o bl, he f nda s
wo d silbe s e de b q lfe i uniy,a t pr ed a e
ul tl
hi l d y uai d mm t nd he opos m nded c
ompl i woul f l
ant
d ai
t sae a cli f r aci ns tke a tr r ept o t ECO.The pr pos d a e d c
o tt
am o to a n fe ec i f he
o e m nde ompli t
an

wo d t r o ebef tl a t c tt c t l de l a t n e
ul he ef r
u ie, nd he our he our wil ny e ve o m nd.

5

C oncl on
usi

Fo t f egoi r as ,pl i ifsm o i f l a t a e wilb4de e TheClr
r he or ng e ons antf
ton or e ve o m nd l
nid.
ek

i die t d t s nd c es of t s me or ndt opi o a t a ompa i or r t a1
s r c e o e opi
hi m a un nin nd he cc
nyng de o 1
c
ouns lofr or
e
ec d.

DATED: i X ># d yo Mac 2017.
Ths
a f rh
,
Chi fUnied St t Diti tJ
e
t
aes src udge