Kalan v. Health Center Commission of Orange County, Virginia et al
Filing
29
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 7/26/16. (hnw)
CLERK' OFFt U.S, ST.
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ce
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I THE UN I
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J
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ERK
SU SAN K A LAN ,
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M EM O M N DU M O PI O N
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H
e
ma
Chi U nie St t sD i ti tJ
ef t d a e sr c udge
De e nt .
f nda s
Pli ifSus n Kaln, ad i sr t oft esa eofJ M ikey,tl dt sa ton
antf
a
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une c
i e hi c i
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ga ns f nda s lh ntr m s i
a
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sng
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d la
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y' s l
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camsunde 42U. C.j 1 a saelw.Theca ei pr s nl beo et c tonDogwoo
li
r
S.
983 nd tt a
s s e e ty fr he our
d
Vilge' motont dimist c aitpurua tt Rul l b)6 oft Fe r lRul ofCi l
la s i o s s he ompl n s n o e 2( () he de a es vi
Pr dur Fort f l i r as , he co tw ilg a t m o i
oce e.
he olow ng e ons t
ur l r nt he ton.
Fact Backzround
ual
The f l ng f s,t
olowi act aken f om pl ntf com pl nt ar accept astue f pur
r
ai ips
ai , e
ed r or poses of
t moi t dimis Se Erc onv.Padus 5 U. 8 94(
he ton o s s. e iks
r , 5l S. 9, 2007)
.
De e ntDog
f nda
wood Vil gei aco y-unhe lh c nt rf c lt i Or nge Count
la s unt r
at e e a iiy n a
y,
V igi a.J M i ke w asa it d t D og ood V il e on Ja ua y 26,201 She r quied
r ni une c y
dm te o
w
lag
n r
2.
e r
nur i home c r duet s ve a me c lcondii ,i udi ç e l de e i hype tnson,
sng
ae
o e r l di a
tons ncl ng s nie m nta,
s
re i
ara fbrlai GERD,chr ni pa nduet ose rhrts f iur t t i a apr vi f 1'
til i il ton,
o c i
o t oa t ii, a l e o hrve, nd e ous al.
'
Compl!28.Att tmeofhe a si DogwoodVilge' a s s tf m i c tdt t
.
he i
r dmison,
la s sesmen or ndiae ha
Mike nee dasitncewihwaki us awheec i,a ha af lrs o i1 '1 !30.
c y de ssa
t l ng, ed
lhar nd d al ik f $0.'d.
De e ntDr M e rc a s sgne a or rt tr r d M ike t beta f re wih t hep
f nda
, ri k lo i d n de ha equie
c y o r ns e r d t he l
ofaDog
wood Vilge saf me r agatbet and awake . c
la t f mbe , i l,
l r The ompli a lgest t fom
ant le ha, r
J nua y of201 untlSept m be of201 M i ke sm o m e sw e e m os l i e nde - ie.
a r
2 i
e r
2, c y' ve nt r
ty nd pe nt . ,
w ihoutas i t nce f om saf o us ofa e pm e .
t
ssa
r
t f r e ny qui nt
M i y s f e no l st n sx s pa aef lswhie s r i a Dogwood Vil .On
cke ufer d es ha i e r t a l
l he esded t
lage
O c obe 11 201 M i ke f loutofhe w he c ri t pr e e ofD ogw ood V il e s a f
t r , 2, c y el
r
el hai n he es nc
lag t f .
H e ca e pl n wasnotr vi e t i l a tona pr ca i ns a s con i
r r a
e s d o nc ude ddii l e uto , nd he tnued t m ove
o
w ihoutas it nce On N ove be 1 201 M i y f l i he r
t
ssa .
m r 9, 2, cke e l n r oom w hie tyi t w a k t t
l r ng o l o he
ba hr
t oom on he own.Dr M e rc t n or e Dog
r
. r ik he der d
wood Vil sa ft i tuc M i ke ast
lage t f o nsr t c y o
t i 's ksa bengmor co z ntofhers r ngs J a!40. ikey' f lase s nt
s ppy' oc nd i
gr
e gnia
uroundi ..
k
M c s al ssme
wa no r vied o updaed.
s te s r
t
O n Fe ua y 1 201 Dr M e c c nge M i ke sta f r s a us f om ia s sed wih
br r 3, 3, . ni k ha d c y' r ns e t t r s s i t
t
onepe s gaibela awal r'oknde nde . 1 !44.
ron, t t nd
ke't ' pe nt' d. Howe r M ike c i dt
i
'
ve, c y ontnue o
r c ve a s s a e w ih he m ove e s f o Febr r of201 t J of201 Herf l rs was
e ei s i t nc t r
m nt r m
ua y
3 o une
3.
a l ik
s e ntyi ra edt (1 'I !45. J of201 M ike sc r pln i cae t ts
ubsque l nce s o û6. d.
'
By une
3, c y' a e a ndi td ha he
r quied s g fca as i t nc w ih da l a tvii a ha C ne alze de lt i i e
e r i nii nt s s a e t iy c i tes nd d ' r i d biiy, mpa r d
ge
mobiiy,a oc asona urnay a bo li ontne e. l !46.
lt nd e i l i r nd we nc i nc ' d.
'
On A ugus 30,201 M i ke f lf om he bed.I r pons ,Dr M e c or r d
t
3, c y el r
r
n es
e . ni k de e
Dog ood V il ge s a ft pr de M i key w ih a de i d pe i e e m a t e s M i y' f l r s
w
la t f o ovi
c
t
f ne rm t r tr s . cke s a l ik
wasaloee e t $18. l !48.OnSe e r23,201 Mike fl i herr m,whies
s lvatd o ; ' d.
,
ptmbe
3, c y eln
oo
l he
w asr t ni f om t ba hr .She a t m pt d t lf he s l up by hol ng on o he ni ht t nd,
e ur ng r he t oom
te e o il r e f
di
t r g sa
butf l a i Afe t sf l,Sus n Kaln wa a s d by Dogwood Vil ge sa ft tM i ke
e l ga n. tr hi al a
a
s dvie
la t f ha c y
had r c ve a de i d pe i ee m ates a a ir l c onherwheechar
e ei d
fne rm tr tr s nd nt-olba ks
l i.
On N ove be 30 201 ,M i y f l whie a t m ptng t sti he w he c rwihout
m r , 3 cke e l l te i o i n r
el hai t
as it e. co di t t c
s sanc Ac r ng o he ompli , hebr keson he whe l i we enotl ke a t tme.
ant t
a
r echar r
oc d t he i
Dr M eni k o der d Dogwoo Vilgesaf t plc a ir l ckson M ike swheec r
.
c r e
d la t f o a e nt-olba
c y'
lhai,
alhough Ka a waspr vi l a s d t tt shadale dy bee done. i y' f l rs was
t
ln
e ousy dvie ha hi
ra
n
M cke s al ik
upgrdedt ç1 'J=!52. .Merc snotsfo J nuayof201 a Fe uayof201
a o $9. /. Dr rik' e r m a r
'
4 nd br r
4
i c t d t tM ike wasi pe ntwihta f r . t nuor M ikey' us ofa de i
ndia e ha c y
nde nde
t r ns e s Furhe
e, c s e
fned
pe i t rma tes wa dic i ued on Fe ua y 15 201 Ho ve , hecompl i ca mst t
rme e tr s s s ontn
br r , 4. we r t
ant li ha
D ogwood V il e' r cor da e M a c 5, 4 i c t t tM i ke di no wal on he ow n
lag s e ds t d r h 201 ndi a ed ha c y d t k
r
and r r m axi um assit
equi ed
m
s ance.
On M ar h 1 201 anur i ade a Dogwood Vilgef
c 9, 4,
sng i t
la ound M ike l ng on t foor
c y yi
he l
ofhe r . i y' lh a m wa hype - xt nde unde he a bl poold a ou herhe d.
r oom M cke s e r
s
re e d
r r nd ood
e r nd
a
Att tm eofhe f l,M ike sbe a whe c i we e no e pped wih f lalr st t
he i
r a l c y' d nd
elha r r t qui
t al a m ha
w o d ha al r e D o o V il ge s a ft ts w a m ov ng.M i ke s f r d a dee
ul ve e t d gw od la t f ha he s
i
c y uf e e
p
l ce a i a
a r ton bove he l f e br ,a s a ll e a i on he l te bow ,a s e lng on he l f
r e t ye ow
m l ac r ton
r ef l
nd w li
r et
m a bl She a s c pl i d ofne k,s de ,a hi pa n.
ndi e.
l o om a ne
c houl r nd p i
M i ke w a t a pored t Cul pe Regi lH os t a putt
c y s r ns t o pe r
ona
pial nd
mders ton.Hos t l
eda i
pia
s a fc os d t l ce a i on M i y' f e d w ih s ur s A CT s n r ve ed t tM i ke
t f l e he a r ton
cke s or hea t ut e .
ca e al ha c y
had ' cat r s r hnoi bl i t font ll
% te ed uba ac d ood n he r a obesa a facur oft lf poseror
s
nd r t e he e t t i
ma lay snus whihpeha e e dt t ltrlor t wal'I !62. rysas
xilr i , c r ps xtnde o he aea bial 1. d.
'
X-a lo
rv ae ta Mik yha a imp ce dsa r da fcu eo he lf wrsg 'ak o n td
e e ld h t c e d n l a td itl a il a tr f r e t it, ' ' mmiue
i
l c
l tf m or lnec fa t eofhe lf hi ' a i e tpl r le f i ' I M edialsa f
ef e a
k r c ur
r el p, nd t f eu a fuson. d.
'
l
'
c tf
de e m i d t tM i ke r quie w rs a hi s ge y.H o e r M i ke s c t o
t r ne ha c y e r d it nd p ur r
w ve , c y' ondii n
de e i a e and s w asad it d t t i ens ve c r uni.A s ond CT s a s e t t
t ror t d,
he
m te o he nt i a e t ec
c n how d ha
M ike had ac lps d lf l a S
c y
ola e e t ung nd t
mode a erg plur le f son,pos i y duet bl '1
r t i ht e a f u i
sbl
o ood. d.
'
!6 OnM ac 2 2 4, ike r c ie ac e t u e S ede f u d y ltra t a eo 8 .
4.
rh 2, 01 M c y e ev d h s t b . h id o r a s ae the g f 8
On M a c 1 201 Ka a fl t sa ton a ns Dogwood Vil ge Dr M e rc a
r h 5, 6, l n ied hi c i gai t
la , . r ik, nd
t Co y,algi vi ai of42U. C.j 1 3a saelw. ctcal Kaa camst t
he unt le ng oltons
S.
98 nd tt a Spe ii ly, ln li ha
D o ood V il ge a t Count d pr ve M i ke ofhe ci lr gh s a s c e by f r la
gw
la nd he
y e i d c y
r vi i t , s e ur d
ede a nd
saelwsa dr g lto s whe t e fie t p e e t e ij re a s bsq e td ah( u t
tt a n e uain , n h y ald o r v n h r nu is nd u e u n e t Co n
l. lnalo a srsac
) Kaa s se t ommon1w cai ofne i nc a i ta1def nt (
a lm
glge e gans l enda s Count1) She
1.
se sc mp nst r d ma e i tea u t f$ ,0 ,0 .0 p e a dp s-u g n itr s,
e k o e ao y a g s n h mo n o 40 00 00 , r - n o tj d me tn ee t
a t nw y' f e a cos s a a o he a opra e r le . n Apr l29,201 D og ood V il ge
to
s e s nd t , nd ny t r ppr i t e i f O
i
6, w
la
tldamotont dimist c ai purua t Rul 1 b)6)oft Fe r Rul ofCi l
qe
i o s s he ompl nt s nto e 2( (
he deal es
vi
Pr edur .U pon a s i a i n ofdi m i s by t pa te ,t co ute er d a o de o M a 1
oc
e
tpul to
s s al he ri s he t ' nt e n r r n y 3,
201 dim isng bot c sa ns t Count a Co 1 a i tDogwood Vil ge The
6, s s i
h ount gai t he
y nd unt 1 gans
la .
co the d a he r ng on t m o i t d s i s o J y 1 201 The m oton hasbee f l br e e
ur l
ai
he ton o i m s n ul , 6.
i
n uly i f d
a i no rpe f dipos to
nd s w i or s ii n.
St
andard ofR evi w
e
Rul 1 b)6 oft Fe r RulsofCi lPr dur pemisapa t t movefr
e 2( () he deal e
vi oce e r t
ry o
o
di m i s lofa c pl i f f iur t s a e a c a m upon whi h r i c n be g ant d. s vi
s sa
om a nt or a l e o t t l i
c elef a
r e To ur ve
dimis lf f iur t sa eac am ,apli ifmus esa ih S a al a i lt 'by pladi
s s a or al e o t t l i
antf
t t bls i ci plusbiiy'
f
e ng
d acualc e tt ta l t c t o d aw t r as bl i e e et tt de e n i la e
ç t ont n ha lows he our t r he e ona e nf r nc ha he f nda t s ibl
f
frt mic
o he s onduc alge 'As r tv.l l 556U. 66 6 (
t le d. hcof qba,
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S. 2, 78 2009) I r lngona1 b)6)
.n ui
2( (
moton,a lwel- e ded al ga i i t c pli ta et ke astu a a 1r as bl f c ua
i l lpla
le tons n he om a n r a n r e nd l e ona e a t l
i e e e a edr wn i t pl i ifsf vor Ed r v. t cfGol bor 1 F.d 231 244
nf r nc s r a n he antf a . wa ds Ciy ? ds o, 78 3
,
( hCi.1 99 .
4t r 9 ) Howeve,(lj botom,apl ntf mus C
r sa t t
ai if t nudgeg r cai a r st lnefo
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conc i bl t pl i e't r s s di m i s l' W a M or Docs LLC v.
e va e o ausbl o e it s s a .
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Coza t 68 F. 359,
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6 - 5 4 h r 2 2 q oi g lAt. p v. mby 5 0 S. 4 5 0 2 0 ).
compl ntm us c ai s fcen f c sko r iea rghtt r i a
ai
t ont n ufi i t a t d a s i o elef bovet s c a i lve 'a
t
he pe ultve e l' nd
is a e a c ai t r le t i pl usbl on isf ce ' Tw om bl 5 U . a 555,57 A lhoug a
it t l m o e i f hat s a i e t a .'
y, 50 S. t
0. t
h
co pl ntnee no c a n de a l d f c ua aleg i ns i m us c ai m o e t n ll bel a
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t ont n r ha 'a s nd
e us ons'a ;a f m ul i r ia i oft e e e sofa c e ofa ton w ilno do.' d. t
oncl i ' nd ' or a c ec t ton he l m nt
aus
ci
l t '1 a
555.nc i rngaRul 1 b)6)moto t c t yc i re bisat he t or
l onsde i
e 2( (
in,he our ma onsde xhi t tac d o
r en-dt i t c ai .Se Philpsv.LCIItll ,1 F. 609,61 ( hCi.1 9)
ef e o n he ompl nt e li
n '.nc. 90 3d
8 4t r 99 .
D i si
seus on
D og ood V il ge m ove t di m i s t c pl i ,a gui t tK a a ha f ie t sa e a
w
la
s o s s he om a nt r ng ha l n s a l d o t t
plusbl cam f r le unde j1 W he af rlsaut d snote iil pr defra
a i e li or eif r 983. n edea tt e oe
xplcty ovi o
prvaerme apli ifc n e o c he rg sunde t saut t ought a nue ( )a
i t e dy, antf a nfr c r iht
r he tt e hr
wo ve s: 1 n
i idrg ofa tonunde t saut isl,o ()ac us ofa tonbr
mple iht ci
r he tt e tef r 2 a e ci oughtunde j1 See
r 983.
g r l CiyofRa ho Pal Vede v. a ,5 U. 11 11 21( ) Tosaeac us
enealy t
nc
os r s Abr ms 44 S. 3, 9- 2005 . tt a e
ofacin unde j1 apli ifmus e tbls t ts hasbe nde i dofarghtg rnted
to
r 983, antf t sa ih ha he
e prve
i ua a e
by t Cons iu i orl w soft Unie St t sand t tt s de i ton r ule f om co
he
tt ton a
he t d a e
ha hi prva i es t d r
nduc
t
c
ommit by apes n a tngunde c o o saelw. etv.At ns 487U. 42,48( 988)
ted
ro ci
r olr f tt a W s
ki ,
S.
1 .
çnor rt s e r r s t ou j1 howeve,apli ifmus a sr t vi ai o a
' de o e k ed e s hr gh 983,
l
r antf t se the olton f
f der lr xht notm e e y a vi a i n off der ll w . Bl s i v.Fr s one 5 U . 329,340
e a i ,
rl
ol to
e a a ' e sng
'
ee t , 20 S.
( 997)(mpha i i orgi l.ft r i novi ai ofafderlrg ,he ei noba i fra
1
e
ss n i na) I he e s
olton
e a ihtt r s
ss o
cli unde j1 Clr v.Li 8 F. 15 1 ( hCi.1988 .
am
r 983. ak
nk, 55 2d 6, 61 4t r
)
l tei tn c s , yfiigt p e n M ik y' ij i sa ds s q e t ah, ln
n h nsa t a e b al o rve t c e s nure n ub e u n de t Kaa
n
c e t tDogwood Vilgevi ae M ikey' c vi rg saspr e t d by t M ediai Ac ,
ont nds ha
la
olt d c s i l i ht
ot c e
he
c d t
42U. C.j1 1
S.
396- 396v;t M e c eAc,42U. C.j1 .heFedea Nuri Ho
he diar t
S.
395,t
rl sng me
Reor Ac (k
f m t;
FNHRA',42U. C.j1 -fde a rgultons a saer gultonst t
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)
S. 3961 e r l e ai ; nd tt e ai ha
;
gove n t m a
r he nage e a a i s r i ofnur i f iii s 1The c pl i s t f t
m nt nd dm ni taton
s ng ac lte .
om a nt e s orh
f ur e n s ii vi a i ofM i ke s c vi r g sunde t s l w s
o t e pec f c ol tons
c y' i l i ht
r he e a .
l o de t de e m i whehe apa c a sa u or pr vii c e esaf de alrght t
n r r o t r ne
t r li ulr tt t y o son r at
e r i , he
SuprmeCour oft Unie Stt e tbls dat e fco ts:()Scongrs mus ha
e
t he td aes sa ihe hre-a tr e t 1 t
e s t ve
i e dt tt pr soni que tonbe it pli if'( t pl ntf mus de tae
ntnde ha he ovii n si nefthe antf ; 2) he ai if t monsrt
t tt rghtpup ore y pr t c e byt sa ut i no s ( g a a or
ha he i
tdl o e t d he tt e s t o t ue nd m phous'ha is
va
't t t
e f re n wo l sr i j diil o ee c ; n ( )ûh sau emu t n mbg o syi s
n o c me t u d tan u ca c mp tn e a d 3 i e ttt s u a iu u l mpo e
t
a bi ng oblga i on t St t s ' Bl s ng 520 U . a 340- Eve i al t r e f t sa e
ndi
i ton
he a e .' es i ,
S. t
41. n f l h e ac or r
me,heBl snct tonl ceaesar tabl prs i t tt rg i e orea eunde j
tt esi es y r t ebut e e umpton ha he iht s nf c bl
r
1 3..sa 341 Cong e sma e iil fr cos e o c me unde j1 3,o i maydo s
98 Jt t .
t
r s y xplcty o e l e nfr e nt r 98 r t
o
i plc ty by c e tng $a c pr ns ve e or m e s he e t ti i om pa i e w ih
m i il
r a i t om ehe i nf ce nt c m ha s nc
tbl t
i vi le ore ntunde j 1 *1
ndi dua nf e me
r 983. d.
5
Fi yea sl t ,i G onza U ni r iy v. oe t Supr e Cour c a ii t co uson
ve r a er n
ga ve st D , he
em
t l r fed he nf i
.
t tha de ope a
ha d vel d mongdititc t i i e ei Bl snc. U. 273, ( 2)
src ours n ntmrtng esi 536 S. 283 200 .
1
h
ends ha e
s ol e he
c d , h ny i o r vs s n h
Al o j Kaln cont t tdefndant vi atdt M ediai Act s eo l ctst p o iin i te
t uh a
e
o
FNH RA , hi l pa toft M e ca d Ac . ss h,t c t illm i is dicus i t t FNH RA .
w ch s r he di i t A uc he our w l i t t s son o he
Sp cfc l t eCo r rj ce ten to t tk n higs o t fa u mb g o l c n erd
e iial h u t ee td h o in ha k yt n h r o n na iu usy o fre
y,
a
rg 'c ds r ac eofa tonu rj 1 L.I t d,t Cour obsr dt t kf
iht' oul uppo t aus ci nde 983.dsnsea he
s
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DATED: i % VMd y o J l 2016.
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