Kenney v. Palmer-Stuart Oil Company, Inc.

Filing 12

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 10/13/17. (jcj)

CL
ERKS OFF CE U, DI COURT
I
& SX
AT ROANOKE,
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FI
LED

I THE UNI
N
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT
FO R THE W ESTERN D I
STRI OF V I GI I
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R N A
CHARLOTTESVI
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22T 13 2 1
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CLERK

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D

W CLERK

TI OTH Y K EN N EY ,
M

Ci lAc i No. 1
vi ton
3:7CV00053
Pl i tf ,
a n if

M EM ORANDUM OPI ON
NI
By:
Hon.Gln E.Cor a
e
ld
r

PALMERSTUART O1 COV PANY,
L

UniedSttsDititJ
t ae src udge

I d/ aPRESTON AVENUE SHELL,
NC. b/
D e e nt
f nda .

Pli ifTi o hy Ke y fl t saci n a i tde e ntPa me - ua tOi Company,
antf m t
nne ied hi to gans f nda
l r st r 1

I c,algn av oain o teFarLa rS a d r sAc (F A',2 U.. j20 # s g. n
n . le ig i lto f h i bo tn à d t ç LS ' 9 SC. 1 . e a d
ç
)
1
br a h ofc tac .TheCl r hase e e de a t a t sma tri c r nty be o et c ton
ec
on r t
ek
nt r d f ul, nd hi te s ure l f r he our

p an ifsmoin f rd futj d me t Dee d n h sn tms nd d t t e mo in Fo t
litf
to o ea l u g n . fn a t a o po e o h to . r he
r a ons s tf t bel , he m o i n w ilbe gr t d.
es
e orh ow t
to l
an e
Backzround

Si et de e nti i de a t t f t t ryi t sltg i n a et ont se The
nc he f nda s n f ul, he acs mde l ng hi ii ato z mc e t d.
de e nt a r s a a , ga , a s r c s a i i Cha l t s le V i g ni e pl
f nda , e t ur nt s nd e vi e t ton n
r ote vil , r i a, m oyed t
he

pl i ifi t r saza ' kic n fom De mbe 201 t Dec mbe 201 a Se e r 21,
antf n he e t lr nts t he r
ce r 3 o
e r 4 nd pt mbe
201 t M a 29 201 Durng t fr tpe i ofe oy e ,t pl ntf sgne a agr e e
5 o y , 6.
i he is rod
mpl m nt he ai if i d n e m nt

esabls ng hi pa a $1 00 pe hour f e g holr a da Dlrng t s c pe i of
t ihi
s y t 0.
r
or i ht zs
y. zi he e ond rod

e oyme ,t de e ntor l a e d t pay t pl i if$1 00 pe hotr a r uie t
mpl nt he f nda aly gr e o
he antf 0.
r z nd eq r d he
pl ntf t w or e ght a a hal hour pe da w ihou a br aks
ai if o
k i - nd- - f
s r y t t ny e .

Ac or ng t t pli if howe r t de e
c di o he a ntf,
ve , he f ndantr i l r duc t pl i ifs t a
outney e ed he éntf ot l

hour ofwo k by a a r geoffvehour pe w e k f a a a ofs ve a a ha fho lspe
s
r
n ve a
i
s r e or n ver ge e n-nd- - l tr r
da The pli ifas e t t the notfe t de e ntsm a ge e a
y.
a ntf s rs ha
iid he f nda ' na m nt boutt unpai wage ,
he
d
s
b t de e ntde e t ti ha undepa d t pl i ifard r us t pr e t pl i ifs
ut he f nda
nid ha t d
r i he antf l ef ed o oduc he antf
tm ec r .
i a ds
On J y 28,201 t pl ntf f l d t i t nt a ton a l gi t o c m t aga ns t
ul
7, he ai i f ie he ns a c i le ng w ot s i t he

d f n a t ( )ta t d fnd n f i dt p yp an if e t wa e ,n voain o teFLS
ee d n : 1 h t he ee a t al o a litf pv ri
e
me g s i ilto f h
A
(comt1', n ( )t tt ed fn a tha b e c dt epate 'c n rc t pa t p an ift e
ç l ' a d 2 ha h ee d n d r a he h ris o ta t o y he litf h
t
)

a r e - p n h u l wa ef ra1h u swoke (comt1' . On S p e r1 2 7 t Clr
ge d u o o ry g o 1 o r r d t t 1'
ç
)
e tmbe , 01 , he ek
ma ea e tyo d fula ans t d fnd n .Thepanif w mo e f rd fut u me t
d n n r f ea t g i the ee a t
litf no v s o ea lj dg n .
St
andar o R e e
d f vi w

Rul 55 of t Fede a Rul s of Ci l Pr dtr s t f rh a t se pr es f
e
he
rl
e
vi oce le e s o t
wo-t p oc s or

o ti igad fut ud me t W h nadee d n fist p e do o h m ied fn a a to ,he
b ann ea lj g ù . e
fn a t al o la r t e s e e d n cin t
Clr hast a hort t e e a def ul. Se Fe R.Ci P.55a . Afe t Clr se r of
ek
he ut iy o ntr
a t e d.
v. () tr he ek' nty

d ful ap ryma mo frd fu tu g n .Fe R. v P. 5b .
ea t a t y ve o ea lj d me t d. Ci . 5 ()
,
I r viwi t moton, t c t ma viw al welplade f t al ge i t
n e e ng he
i
he our
y e
l l- e d ac s le d n he

c mp an a tu f rpu o e o la it . Se Fe R.Ci .P.8 b ()(ç n alg to - oh r
o lit s r e o m s s f ibl y e d.
i
v
( )6 ç le ain t e
A.
t n o r l tng t t a ot tofdn a - i a i t d i a r s
ha ne e a i o he m m
m ges s dm t e f e pons ve pl adi i r uie a
i
e ng s eq r d nd

t ealg to i no d ne ' s eas Ry n v. me o n sFi Newo k 25 F.d7 , 8
h le ain s t e id. e lo a Ho c mia n. t r , 3 3 78 7 0
);
(t Ci. 0 )Cç'ed fnd n, hsd f ut a mist ep an i swelpla e alg to so
4 h r 2 01 -h ee a tby i e a l, d t h litY
f
l- e d d le ain f
f t' (ntr l ctton omitdl. Ac or ngy, i t deaul j
ac.) i ena iai
'
te )
c di l n he f t udgme c ntxt çhe
nt o e , i
t

a p o raei ur i wheh ro n ttefc o t epla i g s p rsted f ut u g n a d
p r p it nq iy s te r o h a e f h e d n s u po t h ea lj d me t n
t c us s ofaci t r i ' Ande s v.Fot f Advanc m e ,Educ.& Emp' of Am .
he a e
ton he e n.'
r on
md. or
e nt
t

I d a s 1 7F.d 6 8(t Ci. g 1 ,1 9 )( n u ls dtb eo ii n .
n in , 8 3 2 4 h r Au . 0 9 9 u p bihe a l pn o )
2

1 tefcsalg di t c mpan etbihla ii ,tec utmu tte dtnniet
? h a t le e n he o lit sa ls iblt h o r s h n ee n he
y
a o it amot ofd
ppr pra e
mt nmage . Rya 253 F. a 780- 1 I s doi t c ur m a c
s
n,
3d t
8 . n o ng, he o t y onduc
t

a e de ir he rng unde Rul 55( ( . Thecou tma alo decdet a t ofda s
n vi ntay a i
r e b)2)
r y s i he momt
mage
wiho a he rng i t r or c ans s fc e t e de . Se Ande s v. Fo
t ut
a i f he ec d ont i ufi i n vi nce
e
ron
und. f
or

Ad a c me t Ed c & Emply n o Am.nda ,1 5F.d 5 0 5 7 ( t Ci.1 98 ( oi
v n e n. u .
o me t f
l ins 5 3 0 , 0 4h r 9 ) n tng
ta tn s me çr u tn e a dsrc c u te trn a d fu tj dg n ma a r d ma e
h t G o ic msa c s itit o r ne ig ea l u me t y wa d n g s
i
a c ran be fo te p e dng wi o th li g ahe rn ) Pan es& Al e Trd sI us
se ti a l r m h la i s t u od n
h
ai f'; itr
l d a e nd .
i
Pe so Ft v. pi lRe trto & Pan i Co,91 F.S p 2 6 0 68 ( M d 2 3
n in md Ca t so ain
a
itng . 9 u p. d 8 , 4 D. . 01 )
(i ngt tt c ur ne notc
tndi ha he o t ed
onduc a e de ir he rngt deemi damag a G y
t n vi ntay ai o tr ne
es nd t
ma
r l i t a on a fda t or docl t r e de e i t r c d t de e mi t a o it
ey nse d
fi vis
tmen a y vi nc n he e or o t r ne he ppr pra e

S .)
um ' .
'
D i si
scus on
1.

Fai Labor St
r
andards A ct

Pli if a lges t t t de e n vi ae t FLSA by f ii t pa t pli if
antf le
ha he f nda t ol td he
a lng o y he antf
e r ove tm e wag . The FLSA c e e a prvae rg of a ton f e pl e t r cove
a ned ri
es
r ats
i t i ht
c i or m oye s o e
r

t i ove t wa fo e oye s 29 U. C.j207. The FLSA' br d de ton of
mpad ri
me ges r m mpl r.
S.
S oa snii
ç mpl r'i ude Ga pe s n a tng die ty ori r ty i t i e e tofan e oye i
t oye ' ncl s iny r o c i
e
rcl
ndiecl n he nt r s
mpl r n
'

rlto t a e l y e' J j20 () Th e l y emu tb S n a e i c mmec o i t e
eain o n mp o e . Z
'
3d . e mp o e s e ç g g d n o re r n h
e
pr ucin ofgoodsf c
od to
or ommece or( je o di a e eprs e gedi co r eori
r , be mplye n n ntr ie nga n mme c n
t pr tonofgo f co r e. I j207() 1.
he oduci
ods or mme c ' d.
'
a()
The FLSA r qui e t t a e pl e r c ve overi e pa f r w o k per or ed o r 40
e r s ha n m oye e ei
tm
y o
r
f m
ve
ho s i a w o kw ee a a r t notl s t n one a a ha ftm est e pl e' r gul rr t of
ur n ny r
k t ae
e s ha
nd
l i
he m oye s e a a e

pa . 1 .j2 7()2 . Th te ua rt'me nsteh u l rt. 2 C. R. 7 8 1 9 W h l a
y d 0 a() e ç g lr ae' a h o ry ae 9 F. j 7 .0 . ie n
r
3

e oye nee notc
mpl r d
ompens t e oye on a houry ba i,ove tm e c pe a i mus be
ae mpl es
n
l ss
ri om ns ton
t

ba e on a houry rt JJ Slhe saut howeve,e mpt fom t s rquie nt çny
sd
n
l ae. 1S &- tt e,
. r xe s ' hi e rme a
r
-

e o e pl
mpl yee m oyed i a bona fde e c i ...c pa t ''I r Fn iy Dola FLSA Lii ,
n
i xe utve
a ciy.' n e m l
lr
tg.

6 7F.d5 8 51 ( t Ci.01 )(uoig29U. C.j21 ()1)
3 3 0 , 3 4h r2 1 q t
n
S.
3 a( ).
He e,t undiput f c se tbls t tt de e nti a e oye wihi t m e ni
r he
s ed a t sa ih ha he f nda s n mpl r t n he n ng
oft FLSA,t tt pl i ifwa nota e mpte oye a t tt pli tf di notr c ve
he
ha he antf s
n xe
mpl e, nd ha he a n if d
e ei
ove tm e pa f hour wor d i e es of 40 hour pe wee The pl ntf alege t t on
ri
y or
s ke n xc s
s r
k.
ai if l s ha ,
a r ge,he wor d 42. hour pe we butt the wa pa d f onl 37. hozspe we k.
ve a
ke
5
s r ék,
ha
s i or y 5 lr r e
Thus a ce i a t e pl ntfs wel- e ded a lgai ns t c ltfnds t t pl i if ha
, c ptng s nz ai if ' lpl a
le to , he otr i
ha antf s

s fce t p e t a t d fn a tviltdt eFLSA, n ta d fut u g n i p o e a t
ufiinl ld h t he ee d n oae h
y
a d h t ea lj d me t s r p r s o
Countloft c
he ompli .
ant
I
I.

Breach of C ont
ract

Pli if ne s e r le on hi c am f br a h of c r c unde Vigi a lw .
antf xt e ks e if
s l i or e c
onta t
r r ni a

Al o g tecam aie un e saelw,h c u t a s p e na j rs ito o e i a pa4
t u h h li rs s d r tt a te o r h s u plme tl u idcin v r t s l
h
oft ç n c e orc r ry'ast FLSA cai 28U. C.j136 a . Gn Vigni t
he l me as
s
ontoves ' he
l m.
S.
7() l r i a, he
l

ee n so a c us o a to f rb e c o c n rc a ea flo :( )alg lo lg to o a
lme t f a e f ci n o r a h f o tâ t r s olws 1 e a bi ain f
d fn a tt t ep an if ()av oaino ab e c o t t ih o d t ; n ( )ac n e u n il
e e d n o h litf;2 i lto r ra h f ha rg t r u y a d 3 o s q e ta

ij r o d ma et tepli t ' Av ain Re .I c v. Sp cat l s Co, 7 F. u p. d
nu y r a g o h ani ' ito s. n . XL e ily n . .2 6 S p 2
E
5 7 5 8( . Va 2 0 )(iigBr wnv Ha ms 4 7S. 2 8 5 8 7( .1 9 ).
6 , 6 W D. . 0 3 ctn o . r , 6 E.d 0 , 0 Va 9 6 )
The c tfndst tt pli ifhaspld s fcintf t t s
our
ha he antf
e ufi e acs o uppo thi cai f br ac
r s l m or e h
of c tac. The pl i ifalege t the ha a o alco r c wih t def nda ,i whi h t
on r t
antf l s ha
d n r
nta t t he e nt n
c he

de e nta e d t pay t pl i if$1 00 pe ho f r eghtand- - l hotr pe day. Thul
f nda gr e o
he antf 0.
r ur o i - a ha f ls r
,
t de e antha a l ga l e or a e o i to t pa t pl i if unde a va i c r c .
he f nd
d e ly nf ce bl blgai n o y he antf
r
ld onta t

4

Pli iff rhe alege t t fom De e be 201 t De e be 201 a Se e r201 t i
a ntf ' t r l s ha, r
u
c m r 3 o c m r 4 nd pt mbe
5 mtl
M a 2016,t de e
y
he f ndan f ie t pa hi f al t hozs he wor d. As a r ul,t
t al d o y m or l he lr
ke
es t he
de e nt ma e i ly br a he is oblga i t pa t pl i if f wor pe f
f nda
t ral e c d t
i ton o y he antf or k ronne a t t
d nd ha
f iur r s t d i da a s f r t a ountunpai The e or bas d oz t pli if s wel
al e e ule n m ge o he m
d.
r f e, e ï he a ntf'
lplade f c ua a l a i ,t c tsnds t de e n la e t t pl n if f r br qc of
e d a t l leg tons he our
he f nda t ibl o he aitf o e h

c nr c, n wil n e d f ut u g n a t Comt I
o ta t a d l e tr ea lj d me t s o t 1.
11
1.

D am aze
s

The c tm a a d da a s wiho a hea i but o y i t r or s ppors t
our y war m ge t ut
rng,
nl f he ec d u
t he
d a r ques e Se D ie
am ges e
t d. e y cTv .l .v.Ya e N o.4: 4CV 00011 2005 W L 3
nc
nc y,
0
,
435030,a *
t 2

( . Va De .1 , 0 5 (i igta ahe rngt d tr ned ma e wa n t e ur dbe a e
W D. . c 2 2 0 ) fndn h t ai o eemi n g s s o r q ie c us
pl ntf l es nt d s ic e e de et s
ai if t e e uf i nt vi nc o uppor isc am f rdn
pr
t t l i o mage ,c t a f esby wa o
s oss nd e
y f

u c n rdce a fd vi '
n o ta itd fi a t ).Alh u ht eplitf lc c mpeetme rc r s h ma çho
s
t o g h an if a ks o lt i e o d , e y G w
s
t n u ta e tn o hswo k a amatro j s a dr a o a l ifr n e' Pf r v. o
he mo n nd xe t f i r s te f u t n e s n b e n e e c . o r Fo d
'
Lin I . 8 F.d 1 6 1 6 (t Ci.1 8 )(nena q oain ma k o te ) An e o e
o . nc, 51 2 0 , 0 4h r 9 8 itr l u tto r s mitd .
mply e
may e tbls a prm af i c eoft d wa ba e on s n deca ai oror lt si o
sa ih
i ac e as
mpai ges s d
wor
lr tons
a e tm ny.

Se 'n v. ik n ou l .2 9F. u p. d 1 9 1 7( D. 20 6 .
na o Ch c e - t nc, 0 S p 3 7 , 8 D. C. 1 )
I t s c e,t pl ntf has s
n hi as he ai if
ubmitd a t onta c e a fda t a tsi t t
te n mc r dit d fi vi te tng o he
e se e oft co r c s t hour t pl i ifwor d,and t pay t pl ntf r eve The
xit nc
he nta t , he
s he antf
ke
he
he ai if ec i d.
c ti co nc t tt a fda tpr vi s a s fc e tba i f a r ng dn ag wiho a
our s nvi ed ha he f vi o de ufi i n s s or wa di
m es t ut
headng.
a. FLSA

The pl ntf s e dn a s f rt i ove tm ew a sunde Cot 1a t i wa
ai if e ks m ge o mpa d ri
ge
r mt nd mpa d ges
unde t pa tes c r c s unde Co t 1 . U nde t % w r
r he r i ' ont a t
r un I
r he ç
one ong,one r ove y r e ' a pa t
ec r ul ,' r y

5

ma n trc v rt c f rt es meij r ,e e i t p ry A srsmut e c nsse tte re
y o e o e wie o h a nu y v n f he a t se t lpl, o itn h o is
i
ofr c r Clncy v.Skylne Grl.LLC,No.CI ELH- 2- 598,201 W L 5
e ove y. a
i
il
V.
1 1
2
409733,a *5
t

( M d. v.5 20 2 ,rp r a d rc mme dain a o td No.CI A.ELH- 2 1 9 ,2 3
D. No , 1 ) e o t n e o n to d p e ,
V.
1 - 5 8 01

WL 6 5 4 ( M d. b,1 ,2 3 (iig Ge .Te.Co o t eNo twe tl .v EEOC,4
2 3 4 D. Fe 9 01 ) ctn n l . f h rh s nc .
46
U. 31 , 3 ( 9 0 (1 . . o swi u s yngt a tec u t c na s ul p e ld d u e
S. 8 3 3 1 8 ) çt . g e t t a i h t h o rs a nd ho d rcu e o bl
G
ho
rc veyb a i dv d ll .Th ,heplitf ma o l rc v ro c f re c u p i h u o
e o r y n n iiua. ) us t an if y ny e o e n e o a h n ad o r f
'
wok. SeeL. (i ngt tt pl ntf co donl rco roncef r$ lda ge r uli fo
r
d fndi ha he ai if ul y e ve
.
a
o 1 ma s es tng ' m
a1
r
De e ntsf iur t pa hi hi des r d wage 'alhough pli tf esabls la lt unde
f nda ' a l e o y m s e ve
s' t
a n if t ihed i biiy
r

tr esau e a df rb e c o c n rc i h smoinf rd f utud me t.
h e ttts n o r a h f o ta t n i to o ea lj g n)
I t s c s ,t pl ntf ha s itd ar a fda twih t s pa ae c l ultons of
n hi a e he ai if s ubm te l fi vi t wo e r t a c a i

dn a s - o unde t FLSA a o t r t c r c s - but net r c l ulton i
m ge
ne
r he
nd ne mde he onta t
ihe a c a i s
a pr it The pl ntf s c l a i unde t FLSA s ksr c r f r un i wa 9o
p opra e.
ai if acultop
r he
ee e ove y o pad ges m
onl t wee t the wo ke ove tm e Ho ve ,f t e wee ,he s ekspa e notonl
y he
ks ha
r d ri . we r or hos
ks
e
ym nt
y
f r t i ove tme wage ,but a s f t i r ul r wa s The pl i if ha no made a
o mpad
ri
s
lo or mpad eg a
ge .
antf s t
c am unde t FLSA f t i r ulrwa sand t r f e c nno be a r s h da a s
li
r he
or mpa d eg a ge
he e or a t
wa ded uc m ge
unde t FLSA . W hie t pl i ifi e il t pa e oft i r gul rwa unde t
r he
l he antf s ntted o ym nt mpa d e a ges
r he

co r c s he i note il t t FLSA r t oftme a a haf f o ri e hour t r t
nta t , s
ntted o he
ae
i nd
l or ve tm
s mde he
c nta t . Thus t c l a e t hi hes a o t whi h t pl i if i e il and f r w li h
o rcs
, o a cul t he g t m unt o
c he a ntf s ntted
o lc

t r i no doubl r co r t c twila r da a st rt FLSA cli onl f t i
he e s
e e ve y, he our l wa d m ge mde he
am
y or mpa d
ove tm ehour a da a sunde t co r c cai o y f rt i r ulrhozs.
ri
s nd m ge
r he nta t l m nl o mpad eg a tr

Unde t FLSA,any e oye who viltsj207 i la et an afce e oye f r
r he
mpl r
oae
s ibl o fe td mpl e o
t a mt of t e oye s unpa d wage a a a tonal e
he mot
he mpl e'
i
s nd n ddii
qual n o i lqui td
m unt n i dae

da ges 29U. C.j21 b) Hee,hepli ifa r t thewor dat a of58. o ri
ma .
S.
6( . r t antf ve s ha
ke otl
75 vetme
6

hotr o rt c s of 21 wee The pl ntf s ove tm e r t was $1 00. Ba e on t
ls ve he our e
ks.
ai if
ri ae
5.
sd
he
c ts r vi of t pli ifs c l ultons t c tbeive t tt pli ifi e ild t
our' e ew
he antf a c a i , he our le s ha he a ntf s ntte o

da
mage i t amountof$88125 f rhi l i ove tm ewa s
s n he
. o s mpad ri
ge .

Pli ifas s e lqui t dn s Se ton 21 oft FLSA pr de t tçf ny
antf lo e ks i daed mage . ci
6 he
ovi s ha çaj
e o r who vi a e t pr vii of . ..s ci 207 of t s tte s l be la e t t
mpl ye
olt s he o sons
e ton
hi il ha l
ibl o he

e ly e'f rtiu d td d ma e ' i a a t e u lt çh a u to (h e lye 'q
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