Hagee et al v. Capital Tacos, Inc.
Filing
22
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Glen E. Conrad on 5/16/18. (hnw)
CLERK' OFFI U.S. ST.
S
CE
DI COURT
AT ROANOKE,VA
FI
LED
I THE UNI
N
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT
FOR THE W ESTERN D I
STRI OF V I GI I
CT
R N A
CHA RLOTTESVI
LLE D I I ON
V SI
MAt j6 2 1
28
t
:
B
U 'L
CE
KRJ
STEN HAGEE, I
M CHELLE HANEY,
dJ
EREM Y LANG,
Pl i i f ,
a ntf s
Ci lA c i N o.3: 7CV 00076
vi ton
1
M EM O M N D U M O PINIO N
CAPI
TAL TACOS,I c/ a
NC.lb/
FU ZZY ' TA CO SH OP,
S
By: on.Gl E .
H
en Conr
ad
Se orUnie St t D i t i tJ
ni
t d a es sr c udge
Dee n .
f nda t
Z itnHa e,Mihel Ha e ,a dJrmy La gfldt sato u d rt FarLa r
se g e c le n y n ee
n ie hi cin n e he i bo
S a ad Ac (FLSA',2 U. C.j 2 -21 ,a an tterf r re o e,Ca ia Ta o ,
tnd r s t (
&
' 9 S. j 01 9 g i s h i o me mply r p tl c s
)
l . s pi l c s'. Ca ia Ta o h smo e t ds s tea n e c mplitpu s a tt
nc (i t Ta o '
ca a
) ptl c s a v d o imis h me d d o an ru n o
Rul 1 b)6)o t Fe r Rul ofCi lPr dur Fort ras t tf lw,t moton
e 2( ( f he deal es
vi oce e.
he e ons ha olo he i
wilbe g a e i pa ta de edi pa t
l
r nt d n r nd ni n r.
FactualB ackzround
The f l ng f c ua a l a i , t ke f om t pl i tf s n e d c pl i , a e
olowi a t l leg tons a n r
he a n if ' m nde om a nt r
a ce ed ast e f pur e o t pe i moton. Se Erc on v.Pa d ,551 U. 89,94
c pt
nz or pos s f he ndng
i
e iks
r us
S.
( 0 7 (s l e nlngo ad fn a tsmoint d s s , j g mus a c p a t ea1o t
2 0 ) GW h n l n ee d n ' to o imij a ud e t c e t s nl l f he
g
i
fcua alegainsco ane i t c ant'
a t l l to nti d n he ompli .).
Ca t Tacos oper es a r t ant lnow n as SFuzzy' Taco Shop' i Charotesvil
pial
at
es aur f
t
s
'n
l t le,
Vi gi a. H a e,Ha y,a La w or d a t r s a r ntf o M a 2,201 untlm i l of
r ni
ge
ne nd ng
ke t he e t u a r m
y
7 i d- une
201 The i taly r ceved a houry wage of$8. a o wih a s r oft tps lf by
7.
y nii l e i
n
l
00, l ng t ha e he i e t
c t m e se h da Ca t lTa e nt ly i r as t i pa t $9. pe hotr
uso r ac y. pia cos ve ua l nc e ed her y o 00 r l.
On or a
boutM a 2,201 t pli if w o ked tl hotr ' a pa tof a E k-ong
y
7, he antf s r
tong ls' s r
t
wee l
tre tto .' A. . mp . 1 , c t . 6 Ha e a dLa u t tl woke Gne c s
oinain ' m Co l! 2 Do ke No 1 . n y n ng li ey r d s x e s
'
ma
i
o 6 h t s' h twe k 1 Ho ve,Ca ia Ta osE r y ce ie ( mqwih fu te (4
f 0 ol 't a e . d. we r ptl c c l r dtd t
r
ol
he
t o re n 1 )
hour'a t rf efie t ade tl payt m f t tmet tt y a t lywor
s' nd heeor ald o quaey
he or he i ha he cual
ked. J#.
Folowi t orentton perod,t pl ntf s( e ulry a r i l wo ke m o et n
l ng he i a i
i he ai if l g a l nd outne y r d r ha
r
f ry (0 h u si awe k wih u o e t pa ' 1 .! 1 . M o e s e iial ,e c o te
ot 4 ) o r n
e , t o t v ri
me y. d 3
'
r p cfc ly a h f h
p an if tpial wo k dG t e ffy( 0 a sx y( 0 h t se c we k. I
litfs y c l r e t we n it 5 ) nd it 6 ) ot a h e ' d.
y
be
r
'
On o a ut J 8,2017,Ha y e e s c e n t La r r ng he pa
r bo une
ne xpr s ed onc r o ng ega di
r yche k.
c
Ha y notc d t t s ha no be n co ns t f a pa tc a s f,and t ts ha not
ne
ie ha he d t e mpe aed or
riulr hit
ha he d
r e ved a ove m e pa f rho sw or d i e e s o 40 holr pe w ee d i t pa pe i
ec i
ny li
y o ur
ke n xc s f
zs r
k ur ng he y rod
e ng on M a 20, 201 A fe s a ng w ih H a
ndi
y
7.
t r pe ki
t
ney, La notc d t t he ha not be n
ng
i e ha
d
e
co pe a e f o ri e w or pe f
m ns t d or ve t
m
k r onne durng t s m epa pe i
d i he a
y r od.
On o a
r boutJ 9,201 La a oa dt ç
une
7, ng ppr che he ç
owne / a
rm nage 'oft r t ur nt Pr na
r' he esa a , a v
S a a dç s e f rac p o albo rp r. J-! 7, 6 S a r f s dt p o i et rp r,
h h, n t k d o o y f a r e o t' #. ! 1 . h h eu e o r v d he e o t
a
'
a a vie La t thi e pl e woul be tr na e i he i it d o obt i ng i. La
nd d s d ng ha s m oym nt
d e mi t d f nsse n ani t
ng
di no a
d t ppea f hi a sgne s f t f l ng da a wass e nty t r na e
r or s s i d hit he olowi
y nd
ubs que l e mi t d.
Ha y r tu d t wor on J 1 201 Upo he a va ,Sha i or e Ha y t t
ne e tme o
k
une 0, 7.
n r ni l
h nf m d ne ha
s ewa b igt r n td. t h nHa e a ke wh s wa b i gtr n td r az sae a
h s en e miae s e n y s d y he s en emiae , sh l ttd
W
q
num be ofr s ,be or a ti t tHa y wast nni t d outofc
r ea ons f e dmitng ha ne
e na e
once n t ts wo d
r ha he ul
e ecs h rsau o yrg t l e teFLS a dVign alw. 1 . 1
x r ie e ttt r ih s md r h
A n r ii a ' d ! 9.
'
On t ts m e da a t rdi c r ng a pr em w ih he own pa c k and l a ni t ther
ha a
y, fe s ove i
obl
t r
y hec
e r ng ha
c o ke s c c w e e pur t dl i or e t H age a oac d Sha a r ue t d a c
ow r r ' he ks r
por e y nc r c ,
e ppr he
h nd eq s e
opy of
he l
r abor r po t H a i o d Sha t t s i ende t co ul a a t ney r a di he
e r . gee nf nne
h ha he nt d o ns t n tor
eg r ng r
rg st rt FLSA,a t ts r f ed t r t n t wor t i s waspa d a 1oft wage
i ht mde he
nd ha he e us o eur o
k mtl he
i 1 he
s
a o ri e pa t ts w a due.
nd ve tm
y ha he s
On J
une 11 201 a ofl e wih t Al ma l Count Polc De rm e delve e a
, 7, n fc r t he be re
y ie pa t nt i r d
notc of t nni ton ofem pl e t Lang a H a y. The o fce advi e Lang a H a y
i e e na i
oym nt o
nd ne
fi r
sd
nd ne
t tt y w oul be a r t d f t es sng i t y r tm l d t t r t ur nt
ha he
d
r es e or r pas i f he e t e o he es a a .
ProceduralH i oo r
st
Ha e,Ha y,a La fl t sa ton agans Ca t lTac on Oc o r25,201 I
ge
ne nd ng ied hi c i
i t pia
os
t be
7. n
Cot Oneoft ro i nalc
mt
hei rgi ompli , hepl i if cli d t tt de e ntvi aedt FLSA
ant t
antfs a me ha he f nda ol t he
ç y fi n t c mp n ae( e a t er q rdo e t rt . Co l !28 Do k t .1 I
ç al g o o e s t t m) t h e uie v ri ae' mp . , c e No . n
b i
h
me '
CountTwo,t pli if c am e t tt def nda vi a e t FLSA C f ii t c
he antf s l i d ha he e nt olt d he
t a lng o ompe a e
by
ns t
,
Eh mjfra1o tetmeta t ywo k d a t ea p o raewa e' J !3 . I Co n Th e ,
t e o l f h i h t he r e t h p r p it g . . 3 n u t re
' z
t pl i if c am e t tt de e
he antfs l i d ha he f ndan vi a e t FLSA t t mi tng ...La al Ha y
t olt d he
t er nai
by
ng rd ne
f re rii t i sau o yrg t. I . 3
o xecsng her tt tr ih s' d ! 8.
'
Ca tlTa o mo e t d s s t c mp an u d r Rul 1 b () Th plitfs
pi
a c s v d o imis he o lit n e
e 2()6 . e an if
oppos d t motonand, t nai l r que t l a t n
e he i
aler tvey, e sed e ve o mendt c
he ompl i . Bym e a
ant
mor ndum
o ni a o dere e ed J nua y 29,201 t c tgr nt d Ca t lTa os'm oton,di m i s d
pi on nd r
nt r a r
8, he our a e
pia c
i
s se
t eo ii a c mp an wih u p eu ie a dp nnitdt eplitfs ofl a a nd dc mp an .
h rgn l o lit t o t rj dc , n e te h an if t ie n me e o lit
Thepli if fld a n e d c
antfs le n m nde ompli o Fe ua y 1 201 Thea
ant n br r 9, 8.
mende c
d ompli
ant
r s e ' t c a m s f r ove tm e co pe a i a t pa d w a unde t FLSA . I om is t
ea s l s he l i o
t
ri
m ns ton nd m i
ges
r he
t t he
cli f r t lai n a s re i t org na c
am or e ai to s e td n he i i l ompl ntl
ai .
lThecourtnot t tç ame
es ha d
an
ndedpladi s r edest orgi pladi , r nde i t orgi
e ng upe s
he i nal e ng e rng he i nal
pla igo n efc. Yo nav. t o MtRa ir23 F.d5 7, 7 (t Ci. 001. çf u ,fa a n d
e dn f o fe t' u
'
Ciy f . ne, 8 3 6 5 3 4 h r 2 ) d h s i n me de
compli om iscl msr s i t orgi compl nt t pl ntf ha waved t eomil cai .' I
ant t ai aied n he i nal
ai , he ai if s i hos
ted l ms' d.
Ca ia Ta o ha mo e t ds s t a n e c mp an t e Ru e 1 ( )6 . Th
ptl c s s v d o imis he me d d o lit md r l 2 b ( ) e
m o i ha be n bre e by bot sde a i rpe f rc i r to .2
ton s e i f d
h i s nd s i o onsde ai n
St
andard ofR e e
vi w
Sf e p p o e o a Ru e 1 ( )6 mo in i t ts t s fi in y o a c mp an .
ç' u s f
-h
l 2 b ( ) to s o et he u fce c f o lit'
'
Ed r sv.Ci o Gods o o,1 F.d 2 , 4 (t Ci.1 9 ) W h n d cd n amoi nt
wad
t f l b r 78 3 31 2 3 4h r 9 9 . e e ii g
v
to o
dimis t rt snze t co tmus a ce a t e alwe lpl de a lga i a dr w a 1
s s mde hi l , he ur
t c pt s nz l l- ea d le tons nd a 1
r a ona e f cua i e e es i t pli if f vor Ercks 551 U. a 94. lW hie a
e s bl a t l nf r nc n he antfs' a . i on,
S. t
t l
c mplit ta k db aRue1 ( )6 moint d s s d e n t e dd tie fcu l l g to ,
o an atc e y l 2 b ( ) to o imis o s o n e eald a t a al ains
e
apl ntf soblgai n t pr vi t gr t ofhi e il me t r ifr uiesmor t n l l
ai if
i to o o de he o mds
s ntte nt o ele eq r
e ha abes
a c l i ns a a f
nd onc us o , nd onnul i r c t ton oft e e e sofa c us ofa ton w ilnotd ' Be l
a c e ia i
he l m nt
a e ci
l
o.
' l
At. p . Two y 5 0U.. 4 , 5 ( 0 7 (nena ctto a dq oainmak o te )
l Co v. mbl, 5 S 5 4 5 5 2 0 ) itr l i in n u tto r s mitd .
a
To s vi dimis lf r f lze t sae a ca m,ç compl ntm us c ai s fcintf t al
ur ve s s a o ailr o t t
li ç
a
ai
t ont n ufi e ac u
ma tr a e edast e t çtt acai f rr le t ti plusbl on isf c '' A s r t l l
te , cc pt
nl, o sae l m o e if ha s a i e t a e.'
hc of v.qba ,
5 6U. 6 2, 78( 0 )( u tn Two l 5 0U. a 5 0 .
5 S. 6 6 20 9 q o ig mby, 5 S. t 7 )
D i si
scus on
TheFLSA ç e r c r d e oye st pa t i e o e bot am i m um wa a
t quies ove e mpl r o y her mpl ye s h
r
ni
ge nd
o e t p y' Halv. RECTV.
v ri a .
me
' l DI
LLC, 4 F.d7 7 76 (t Ci. 01 )(iig29U. C. j
8 6 3 5 , 1 4 h r 2 7 ctn
S. j
2 6 20 ) l t ern n e c mplit t eplitfsa sr camsu d rb t p o ii n o t e
0 , 7 . n h i me d d o an , h an if se t li n e o h r v so s f h
FLSA . The s f c e ofe c c a m w ilbe add e s i t n.
uf i i ncy
a h li
l
r s ed n ur
2The pl ntfs brefwasfld afert de i i
ai if ' i
ie t he adlne mpos by Loc Ci lRul 11. Rue6b)o t e
ed
al vi e
l ( fh
Fede alRul ofCi lPr dur pr dest t cour m a e e t tme t fl çon moton m a afert
r
es
vi oce e ovi hat he
t y xt nd he i o ie ç
i
de t he
tme h se pie i te p ry f ie t a tb c u e o e usbl ne e t' Fe .R.Ci P.6b) Exc sbl
i a x rd f h at ald o c e a s f xc a e glc. d
'
v. ( . u a e
n glc i t tb tm a e utbe E uiy,tki a c u to a1rlv n crumsa c s' i l ig:()t
e e t s d oto n q ia l i r q a ng c o n f 1 ee a t ic tn e , ncudn 1 he
a
nq
'
d n ro p eudc t teo po igp ry;2 teln t o ted lya isp tnilmp c o t p o e dn ;
a ge f rj ie o h p sn a t () h e gh f h ea nd t oe ta i a t n he r c e igs
( )te ra o frt d ly;a ( )whehe t mo a ta td i g od f i Pin e Iv.Sev .Co.v.
3 h e s n o he ea nd 4
t r he v n ce n o at
h. o e r n r s
Br n wikAso s Lt P'hn 5 7U. 3 0 3 5( 9 ) Un rt cr u tn e prsntd t c u t id
u s c s c . d. s i, 0 S. 8 , 9 1 93 . de he ic msa c s e e e ,he o r fn s
t tt r e
ha he elvantf c or wei i fvorofacc i t untmel flng. Accor ngl t cour wilgr t
a t s gh n a
eptng he i y ii
di y, he
t l ant he
pl ntfs moton f l vet fl a lt r ponset t def ntsmoton.
ai if ' i or ea o ie ae es
o he enda '
i
4
1
.
C l m f unpai o rtm e hours
ai or
d ve i
I Co mtOneoft n e d c
n t
he m nde ompl i ,hepl i if cli t tt de e ntvi a e t
ant t antfs am ha he f nda olt d he
FLSA by f ii t pa t m o ri e co ns ton. The n e
a lng o y he ve tm
mpe ai
m nded c m pl i i l
o ant ncudes
addii la l ga i i s
tona le tons n uppor oft s c ai . Fort f l i r a ons t c t oncl st t
t hi l m
he olow ng e s , he our c ude ha
t ealg to saes f in t wi tn rv e u d rRue1 b ()
h le ain r u Gce t o t a d e iw n e l 2()6 .
hs
As t c utnot d i is pr vi de ii t Unied Stt s Cour ofAppe l f r t
he ot ' e n t e ous cson, he
t
ae
t
as o he
Fourh Cic tr c nty addr s ed çhelvelofde a la FLSA o ri e cai a tmus pr vi t
t r ui e e l
es ç e
t
ti n
ve t
m lm n
t o de o
o e c me a Ru e 1 ( )6 moin t ds s . Hal 8 6 F.d a 77 . Afe r ve ng t e
v ro
l 2 b ( ) to o imis' l, 4 3 t 6
'
tr e iwi h
a oa hest ke by ot rc t,heFou' Cic thel a f l w s
ppr c
a n
he ours t
t t r ui d g olo :
h
E j ma ou aplusbl o ri cam,apli ifmus pr de
' o ke t a i e ve t li
F
me
antf
t ovi
s fcintf malal ga i t s
ufi e ac
le tons o uppor a r as bl i er ncet t
t e ona e nf e
ha
he o s wor m or t n f t hour i a l s one wor e
r he ked
e ha ory
s n t ea t
kwe k
a t t hi o he e pl r f ie t pay t r st ove tme
nd ha s r r m oye a ld o
he equiie ri
pr m i f t e o ri hour . Unde t ssa r pl i if
e um or hos ve tme
s
r hi t nda d, antfs
s eki t ove c m eam oto t dimismus do mor t n m e ey
e ng o r o
in o s s
t
e ha
rl
aleget tt y r gulry wor d i e s o f ry ho spe we k
l ha he e a l
ke n xce s f o t ur r e
w ihoutr ce vi ove tm e pay.
t
e i ng ri
A t t s m e tm e how e r w e e phas z t t t s a r w e
he a
i ,
ve ,
m
i e ha he t nda d
t y ado doesno r quiepl i if t i ntf a pa tc a we k
oda
pt
t e r antfs o de iy
riul r e
i whi h t y wor d unco ns t o ri ehotr . Rahe , hi
n c he
ke
mpe aed ve tm
zs
t rt s
sa r i i ende t r quie pl n if t pr de s m e f c ual
t nda d s nt d o e r aitf s o ovi o
at
c nt xtt twilnudge t i c am fo co eva e t pl usbl
o e ha l
he r l i r m nc i bl o a i e.
Thus t sae a plusbl FLSA ove tm e c am ,pl i if m us
, o tt
a i e
ri
li
antfs
t
pr vi s fcint deai a
o de ufi e
t l boutt l ngt a feq nc of t i
he e h nd r ue y
her
unpad wor t s
i
k o uppor a r as bl i e e e t t t y w o ke
t e ona e nf r nc ha he
r d
m or t n f t hour i a gi n we k. A pli ifma m e tt s
e ha ory
sn
ve
e
antf y e hi
i ta s a r by esi a i t l ngt ofhe a r ge wor e k
nii l t nda d
tm tng he e h
r ve a
kw e
d i t a i bl pe i a t a r ge r t a whih s wa
urng he pplca e rod nd he ve a a e t c he s
pa d,t n oun ofoveri ew age s be i vess i ow e o a
i he m
t
tm
s he le
he s
d, r ny
ot rf c st twilpe m i t cou tt fndplusbiiy.
he a t ha l r t he r o i
a i lt
1 . t7 7(iainsa ditr a q tto makso te ) Th Co r ctdfv rb yt Da i v
d a 7 ctto n n en l uoain r mitd . e u t ie a o a l o vs .
Abi ro M e i Hos tl 765 F. 236,243 ( Ci.201 ,i whih t Thid Cic t
nktn moral pia,
3d
3d r 4) n c he r r ui
e a ne t tGa pl i if s c a m t ts Cypi a l w or d f r y hotr pe w e k,w or d e r
xpl i d ha t a ntf l i ha he t c ly' ke o t
ls r e
ke xta
5
hour durngs h af t hotrwe k,a wa no c
s i uc ory- l e nd s t ompe at f e r hour be
ns ed or xta
s yond f ryho ls
o t tr
. . .
s woked dti o ormo e o t ef t hol we ks woul s fc ' J (mphass
he r
u ng ne
r f hos ory- tr e , d ufie. . e
' Z
i
o te )
mitd .
Appl ng t sa r a e i Ha l t c tc l st tt a e d co pl nt
yi he t nda d dopt d n l, he our oncude ha he m nde m ai
sa e a plusbl c am f unpad ove t e on be l of e ch pli if Unlke t i orgi l
tt s
a i e l i or
i
ri
m
haf
a
antf .
i her i na
pl a ng, t a nde c
e di he me d ompli i ude al ga i r ga di t pl i if r gulr wor
ant ncl s le tons e r ng he antfs' e q
k
s he e ,r t ofpa a unco ns t . r tme. I pa tc a ,t pli if al ge t t
c dul s aes
y, nd
mpe aed wo k i
n riul r he a ntfs le ha
t y we e c
he r ompe a e a a holry r e of $8. t $9. pe hour t t t y r gulry a
ns t d t n zl at
00 o 00 r
, ha he e a l nd
r i l wo ke bewe ffy a sxt hotr pe wee a trt ore a i pe i a t tt y
outney r d t en it nd i y ts r k fe he i ntton rod, nd ha he
di no r c ve ove tme c
d t e ei
ri ompe a i f hour wor i e s off t durng a oft e
ns ton or
s ked n xce s ory i ny hös
we ks SeeAm .
e .
Compl!!11 1 Thepl i if f rtlraleget tH aney and Langw or d i
. , 3.
a ntf s u he l ha
ke n
e e s ofsxt hour d i t w e k ofore a i a w er notc pe a ed f r t i o ri e
xc s
i y
s ur ng he e
i nt ton nd
e
om ns t o he r ve t
m
lb r S ei . 1 Theealg to s a c p e a tu , r s fiin t G ud eq'h p anif'
a o . e d ! 2. s le ai n , c e td s r e a e u fce to s g g't e litfs
n
cli f unpa d o ri ewage çfo t m e el c
am or
i ve t
m
s sr m he r y onceva et t plusbl ' Hal 846 F.d
i bl o he a i e.
' l,
3
a 7 8 ç ti iiil tg ,ha i alta i r q ie t o ec me g d fn a ts mo int
t 7 . ç h s nta sa e t t s 1 h t s e ur d o v r o t e e d n 'j to o
At
he
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e r s ha mpl es
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$ 25 p r h l . 2 U. C.j 2 6 a( )C) Ho v r t e C A d e n tg aa te t a
7. e oz 9 S.
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FLS o s o u r ne h t
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Supp. 492,501
2d
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ai n qualt ore e ng t pr toft t t lnum be ofhozsFo ke a t
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l ng re tto 'e n h u h h y cu ly r d û xc s f 0 o r .
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Co l! 2.
Ac e i t e a lga i a tue t amount pa d t Ha y a La f t we k-o
c ptng hes le tons s r , he
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inai
s
t l o xc edi he oduc oft t t lnum be ofhour w or a t
eq
t he o a
r
s ked nd he
s a ut y m i m tm houry r t ' Bl nke hi 415 F. a 1198. A c or ngl t c tc n
t t or
ni l
l a e.' a ns p,
2d t
c di y, he our a
r a o bl i e t tt i ore ai pa vi aed t FLSA' m i m um - ge r quie nt .
e s na y nf r ha he r int ton y olt he
S ni
wa e r me s
To t e e t tt a e d c pl i c be r ad t as e t c a m f unpa d m i m um
he xt nt ha he m nde om a nt an e o s r a l i or
i ni
wa e o b h l o p an ifHa e ,t c u tc n l d sta s c cam i s be tt ds sa
g s n e af f litf g e he o r o cu e h t u h li s u j c o imisl
u e Rul 1 ( )6 . S c icl sae ,t n nd d c mp an c nan no p iulrfc t l
nd r e 2 b () u cn ty ttd he me e o lit o tis
m c a a tz
a
a l ga i t tw oul s
le tons ha
d uppo tt de e m i ton t tH age w a pai a a r t bel t f r l
r he t r na i ha
e s d t a e ow he ede a
m i m um wag
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e. The c t r m ans c nce t t c l o y as e tons of i quaé
our e i onvi d ha onc us r
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c nstonaei ufiintt saeacam unde j206oft FLSA.
ompe ai r ns fce o tt li
r
he
Conc us o
l in
Fort r s nssa e Ca t Ta 'm o i t dimiswilbeg a ed i pa ta de ed
he ea o tt d, pial cos ton o s s l
r nt n r nd ni
i pa'. The Cl r i diec ed t s nd c pi oft sm e or nd opi on a t a com pa ng
n l
t
e k s r t o e o es hi m a um
ni nd he c
nyi
o de t a lc m s lofr c d.
r r o l ot e
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DATED
: s ! < d yo M a , 01
Thi 4 a f y 2 8.
Se orUnie St t sDiti J
ni
t d a e srct udge
8
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