Beacon Wireless Solutions, Inc. et al v. Garmin International, Inc. et al

Filing 142

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 5/9/2012. (jat)

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ad
Chi fU nie St t s Di t i tJ
e
t d a e s rc udge

D ef
endant
s.

Th sc s i p e e tyb f r t ec u t nted fn a t' to f rs mmayj d me t
i a e s r s n l eo e h o r o h ee d n s moin o u r u g n .
Fort r s nss tf t be ow,hec t l g a i pa ta de i par t de e nt '
he ea o e orh l t our wil r nt n r nd ny n the f nda s
m oton.
i
1.

Fact and ProceduralBackaround
ual

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ac
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gans r n ntr tonal nc.ûGami nenai l'
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' coleci l c nda s'
)
def
) s as tms r
i s eai hi
d
be w e n t o t hnol co pa e t ti ta l co l bor t t desgn and m a ke a
t e w ec ogy m ni s ha nii ly la a ed o i
r tn
a i a i t tw o d i e a e Be con' G l
pplc ton ha ul nt gr t a
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ii ni
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cl i t tt de e
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pl n if 's i i d know l
ai tf s pec alze
edge oft t e tm a ge e i t y a t i e e i fe t
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s l by a l ngt pli tfs c
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t'
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t ris ha ohi td t r ry r
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s l i he he r y' o i t y nf m ton r
ii i uc nf m ton or ny

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elt d o he ri ' i s elto hi
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rgge ed he ola e he pplc ton' r t l o he ai i f .
a ntf s s a m
t tt de e nt utlz t pl i if 'pr i t r tee m a
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m nt ys e
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o he ta s r t i a m a rno c e pl t d by t nondi c os e a e e . Fur he m or ,
t r r de ec e s n
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he
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t r e

a c r i t t epan if,h d fn a t we eu j sl e rc dtr ug t ep an if'
c o dng o h litfs t e e e d n s r nu ty n ihe h o h h litfs
unco pe a e pr s on ofva uabl s r c s a r s ce f om w hi t de e nt
m ns t d ovi i
l e e vi e nd e our s r
ch he f nda s
be ft by s li PN D Si or r tng t a i ton. The pl ntf si ta ed t sl w s t
ne ied
e lng
nc po a i he pplca i
ai i f nii t hi a ui,
br ngi c a m s a i tt de e nt f m i a opra i oftade s c e s br a h ofco r c ,
i ng l i ga ns he f nda s or s ppr i ton r
e rt, e c
nt a t

brac ofa i i i fc c r c, un us e ihme t ( cke No.1.
e h n mpled-n-a t onta tand j t nrc n. Do t
)
The def nda spr vi l m ove t c tt ta f rve a t dim i st i pled
e nt e ous y
d he our o r ns e nue nd o s s he m i

ober
he
s ue
andum
c n rc a du j te rc me tcams On Oct 5,2011,t courti s d a mem or
o ta t n nus n ih n li .
opi o on t de e nt'motons ( ke No. ) Thec t nidt mot t ta fr
ni n
he f nda s
i . Doc t 38.
our de e he i o rnse
on
ve
nue, g a e i pa t nd de e i pa tt m o i t di m i s The c tg a t d t m oto
but r nt d n r a
ni d n r he ton o s s .
our r n e he i n
t di m i sw ih r pe tt Bea on' i ple i f c c r tc a m ,de er i ng t tt
o s s t es c o
c s m i d-n- a t ontac l i
t m ni ha he

pli if 'i id c r c cai e a t d fom t s me f c sa cic sa st tga rs
antfs mple onta t l m m na e r he a a t nd r um t nce ha ve ie
t t rexpr cont actcl m . M or s fcaly,t courtconcl
o hei
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ai
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uded t t conductwhi
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ch,
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he
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ba i frt i i c r tcli (hepr s ofc
ss o he mpled ontac am t omies ompe ai andt pr sonofsr ce
nston
he ovii
evi s
a rs c )fowe fo t Nondicos eAgre ntsune o c a eta e me t a e '
nd e oures l d r m he
sl ur
e me ' nfr e bl tgre nt o gre'
pr vi i How e r a t
o s on.
ve , lhoug t c tdim i s Be on' i ple c r c c a m , he c t
h he our s s ed ac s m i d ont a t l i t our

t unde a s ntt m oto t dimisa t Be on Eur pe' i i c r tc am ,
ook
r dvieme he i n o s s s o ac
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t r ni ha he
s l ur
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t e pe t o
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Eur w as a part t t contact
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u temo e t o r d ne h to o imis t ep c t oh litfs u j s
h
e c me t li , eemii t a t eu j s e rc n cam a g a l e n td fo a
mi h n cams d tr nng h t h nu t n ihme t li r u b y ma ae r m
b oa rs toff c st n t cic s a e t tg rs t t e e s c r tcl i . M o e
r de e
a t ha he r um t nc s ha ave i e o he xpr s ontac a m
r

s e iial tec u t eemie t a t eu j s e rc me t li c ude c mpa smo e
p cfc l h o r d tr n d h t h nu t n ih n cam o l n o s r
y,
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ond tha he r e
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t ee p e sc nrc cam)i t a teu j s e rc me tcam a g byc ne ltdte
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al ton t tt de e nt a opra e t a plcai a i t gr t d i i o ac me cil
legai ha he f nda s ppr it d he p i ton nd n e a e t nt om r a
pr twhi ht def nda st n s d.
oduc
c he e nt he ol
The ea t ,on Apr l1 201 t de e nt fl a s l m oton f s m a y
r fer
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li . Docke No. ) Thepl ntfsfldt i s aldbrefi opposto onAprl25,201
t 86.
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ur ad r nt n he ton
y 201

II.

D i si
scus on
A.

Standard ofre ew
vi

I c n ie igamoinf rs mmayj d me tu e F d r l l o Cii P o e u e5 ,
n o sd rn
to o u r u g n nd r e ea Rue f vl r c d r 6
çt co ti r quied t vi t f c sand dr r as bl i e e e i a lghtm os f vor bl
she ur s e r o ew he a t
aw e ona e nf r nc s n i
ta a e

t t nonmovi pa t ' Sha v. r 1 F. 791 798( h Ci.1 .Thec r ma
o he
ng ry. w Stoud, 3 3d , 4t r 994)
'
ou t y

g a ts mmayj d me t nl wh n viwigterc r a awh l a di t elg tmo t
rn u r u g n o y e , e n h e od s oe n n h ih s
f vor bl t t nonm ovi pa t t r i no ge ui i s ofm a e i f c a t nonm ovi
a a e o he
ng ry, he e s
n ne s ue
t ral a t nd he
ng

p ry i e tte t j d me a amatro lw.Ceoe Co p v. tet 4 7U.. 1 , 2 - 4
a t s n ild o u g nt s t f a
e
ltx r . Cart, 7 S 3 7 3 2 2
( 986) Ter sFl Fa hi .I .v.Buri tnl .l ,763F. 6 61 ( h Ci.1 )
1 , ry' oor s ons nc
.
lngo ndus.nc.
2d 04, 0 4t r 985 .

Fo ap ry' e ie c t rieag n ieis eo maeilfc t a a iss mma yj d me t
r at s vd n e o as e un su f tra a t h t vod u r u g n ,

t e ie c mu t el uc ta ara o a l j r c udrt n av r itf rt en n vng
he vd n e s b i h h t e s n b e u y o l eur ed c o h o mo i
s
pa t ' Andes v.Li rvLo l .477U. 2 248( 986)
ry.
'
ron
be t bby.nc,
S. 42, 1 .
B.

A nal s
ysi
1.

Trade secret cl m
s ai

A ss a e a
t t d bove, he pl i if as e t c ai a i tt de e nt unde t Kans
t
a ntf s s r a l m ga ns he f nda s
r he
as

Unior TrdeSecesAc (C
fm a
rt t 4
KUTSA' agui t tt defnda smia o itdt rta
), r ng ha he e nt s pprprae hei rde
s r t . To es a i h t i o m a i qu ii sasa t a s c e unde K a a l a pl i if
ec e s
t bls hat nf r ton alf e
r de e r t
r ns s aw, a ntf

mus s t tt i or ton( )ha i pe te onomi vaue;( dervesisval fom
t how ha he nf mai 1 s nde nden c
c l 2) i t ue r
no bengge r l lnownorradiyaserana e;a ()hasiss rcymant ne by
t i nealy c
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r a o bl efo t.Dods I 'Pa t.l v. t r,3 F.Supp. 997,1 0( Ka
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on ntl rs nc. Alendo f 47
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The def nda sas e t ha t pl i if 'pur t d tade s c e s ditl i o t o s pa a e
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pore r
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c tgores ( )va i faursofBe co sfee ma me s tm t t t oug t
ae i : 1 rous e t e
a n' l t nage nt yse ha,hr h he

4

itg ain a piai n aeds ly do t es re o aGami P a d( )tsigs p o t
n e rto p lc to , r ipa e n h c e n f r n ND, n 2 e tn u p r
pr ded t t defendant t ough t pl ntff 'feetm anagem ents t pl f m . The
ovi
o he
s hr
he ai i s l
ysem ator l

def ndan s c e t tt e de e i t r or i c e t tt e alege tade s c e sdo
e
t ont nd ha he vi nc n he ec d ndi at s ha hes l d r
e rt

not i r a iy,qua iy ass h unde Ka a lw. Fis,a or ng t t def nda s t de in
, n e lt
lf
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r ns s a
r t cc di o he e nt, he sg
f a ur s f i t qua i y a ta s c e sbec us t y a e no ke s c e , i t d,a e di pl ed
e t e a l o lf s r de e r t
a e he r t pt e r t but ns ea r s ay
t t pl ntfs'c t e s A c y Sol i . sLLC v. i e t Gr up,I ,81 F.Supp.
o he ai i f usom r . enc
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2d 1 ,1 28( D. . 1.Furhemo e t dee nt cone t fat esdei no
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n e n e t au r m eng e t e rt b t ny r m u l e a d h y r o t e u j c
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ofras bl me ur sofs rc byt pli if.KUTSA j60e ona e as e ece y he antfs
33204 ;Pr esi Pr .
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a t t e i ttons r n ton he antfs t es t o i ht he wel

fau e .KUTSA j6 - 25
e t rs
0 33 .
Se
cond, he de e nt ca ego i e t pl i if 'pur t t s i t a s r t asnot ng
t
f nda s t r z he a ntf s
pored e tng r de ec e s
hi

mor t npr blm -ol ng s ppor a t ha d r c tt i t pli if 'c
e ha o e s vi u
t nd he r wa e onsiutng he antf s omm unia i
c ton
box. A sG a m i w a de l ng bot t i e f c s c fc tons f t i eg a i n ap i a i
r n s ve opi
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or he nt r t o plc ton
a t s a et r s de on isPN D S i utlze t pl i if 'c m uni tonsbox a
nd he ohw r o e i
t
, t ii d he a ntf s om
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nd

c l bor t wih t pli if t de glt hesi t a i to a s t r Ac r ng t
ola aed t he antfs o bug ic n he pplcai n nd ofwa e. co di o
t def nt ,t st tng s
he enda s hi es i uppor f l t qua iy a a t a s c etbec us t s
t ais o lf s r de e r
a e he uppor ha no
t s
i pe nte onom i val a i no ke s c e by t pl n if .M or s cii aly, he
nde nde c
c ue nd s t pt e r t he ai t f s
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dee nt aguet tt yutlz dt pl ntfs'had r (hec
fnda s r ha he iie he ai if rwae t ommuniai box)i t sme
c ton
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ma
mwrasdo t pl i if c t e s Furhe r whiet def nda sdo notc es t tt
he antfs' usom r . t nuo e, l he e nt
ont t ha he

1
I taly,t defndan salo a s redt tt plitfs pum ore ta s c esc e plt at r
nii l he e t s s e t ha he an if'
td r de e r t ontm aed hid
cae y i vi v i f ei lngua tansatonst t smia t t fat es aediplyedont s r e ofa
tgol nvol ng arous or gn a ge r l i ha , i lr o he e ur , r s a
he c e n
G a m i PN D. H owe r i t rr ponsve bref t pl ntfs do notc e i t f ei I
r n
ve , n hei es i i , he ai if
at gorze he or gn angua ta l tons
ge r nsa i

a ta escesb tise d rfrt te meeya i n iaysr ie. ( c e No 1 1a 21)
s rd e rt, u n ta ,ee o h m rl st cl r evc s' Do k t . 1 t .
a l
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tc nc l eal o teplitfs te t na e n s se (..teu deli s u c c d ,
e h ia d tis f h anif 'l e ma g me t y tm e:,h n ryng o re o e
alort ,pr oc s orfr t)quaiya ta sces i i undiput t tt defnda s
g ihms ot ol, omas lf s rde e rt,t s s ed ha he e nt
we e no a f ded a c st t e t c ca de a l . Siva D a a Sys v.l e Cor ,1 Ca .
r t f or
c es o hes e hni l t is l co t
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m.2 3 7 Ca. 01 ) C e o s o , y x c t
l
n c i -e d be o t r ,us '
t unde l ng s ce c e;nordoesone ac r t r ui ie know l dge ofa t a s c e s
he
r yi our od
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e
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e
mbodi i t tc ')
ed n ha ode. .
'
I r pons ,t pl i if c e t tt i tade s r t di tl i o t r e s pa a e
n es
e he a ntf s ont nd ha he r r
ec e s sil nt h e e r t

c tg re :( )tec mbnain o tet led sg fau e ;2 t s u c c d a doh r
ae ois 1 h o i to f h wev ei n e tr s () he o re o e n te
tc c lde a l oft s
e hni a t is he ohwa e r sde i t pli tfs fe tma
r e i nt n he a n if ' l e nage nts t m pl tor a
me yse af m nd

i t tlmaisbo a ()vey s ii tc c li onnai pr de byt pli if t t
n he ee tc x; nd 3 r pectc e hnia nf ton ovi d he antfs o he
d e nt f t pur e ofa s s i t de e nt t e ne rt PN D s t a e and t
ef nda s or he pos
s i tng he f nda s o ngi e he
ofw r
he

i e f es ct a i .W ih r pe tt t co bi to o desgnf t es t pli if
ntrac pe ik tons
t es c o he m na in f i eaur , he antfs
c nt nd e s ntaly t tt vii lt t c t r ofi vi ualf a ur sdoe notviit t ta
o e s e i l ha he sbiiy o usome s ndi d e t e
s
ta e he r de
s c e s a usoft c bi ton oft e f a ur sbec us a t e de e s
e rt tt
he om na i
hos e t e
a e, s he vi nc ugge t , he
ss t
c bi ton w asnott e diy as e t i bl ' i ot rw o ds t c bi ton wasnotea iy
om na i
d a l c r a na e' n he r , he om na i
r
sl
duplc t o a PN D by ot si t s al t m edi - i e c m e ci lte tm a ke untlt
i a ed n
her n he m l o
um s z d om r a l e
r t i he
def ndan spubls d t i e f c s ii a i ns m ade a ia e t i PN D s t a e a s d
e
t
i he he nt r a e pec t c to ,
va l bl he r
of w r , nd ol
c bl st te bl a fee m a em e s t m t c m uni a e w ih a G a m i PN D .
a e ha na e l t nag nt ys e o om
ct t
r n

W ih r s c t t und l ngs c cod and o he t hni lde a l oft pl i if '
t e pe t o he eryi our e e
t r ec ca t is he antfs
s
ohwa e, hepl i if ar t tt de e nt mia opra e t etades c e sb t si
r t
antfs gue ha he f nda s s ppr it d hes r
e r t y e tng
t pr
he oductw ih t uli at purpos ofm aki i avaiabl t a1 oft pl ntf s'com pett s.
t he tm e
e
ng t l e o l he ai if
ior

W ih r pe tt t t chni li o m a i n pr de b t pl i if t t de enda s durng t
t es c o he e ca nf r to ovi d y he a ntf s o he f
nt
i he

6

e ne rng sa t pl i if c e t tt sta f roft hni li or ton c tt e
ngi e i t ge, he antfs ontnd ha hi r nse
ec ca nf ma i onsiutd
m uc m o e t n m e e com m o a e pr e - ol ng s ppor .The s cii i or a i
h r ha
r
npl c obl m s vi u
t
pe fc nf m ton
f nihe s e y t t def nda sw a no ge r l kno n i t i ty and de i is
ur s d ol l o he e nt s t ne aly w n he ndusr
rved t
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