Casey v. Urbanski

Filing 2

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 7/15/2014. (jat)

@ - s o- l u. Dl cour
cE s. sm

A
r-

soNBuq v
q A
Fl
*

J L 16 2 1
2i
I THE UNI
N
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT
FOR THE W ESTERN DI
STRI OF VI
CT
RGW I
A
HARRI
SONBURG DI SI
VI ON

JU

.

. ERK
CL

*

ADAM NI
CHOLAS CA SEY ,

ci lAc i No. B :14CVO0O33
vi ton

Pli if
antf
M EM ORANDUM OW ND N
Hon.Gl E.
en Conr
ad
ChifUnie St t sDititJ e
e
t d a e src udg

MI
CHAEL FRANCI URBANSKI
S
,

Defnda .
e nt
A dn N i hol Ca e c m e d ttsa t on by flng a or s co pl n on J y 1
m c as s y om nce li c i
ii
o e m ai t
ul 5,

201 He na e a de e ntt e Hono a eM i ha F.Ur ki t Unie St t sDitit
4.
m s s f nda h
r bl c el
bans , he t d a e src

J
udgewho pr i ove hi s r i e r l er vocai pr e di . Ca e ha no pad t
esded r s upe v s d ee% e ton oc e ngs
s y s t i he
flngf ebutwilbeg a ed la t pr e d i f mapa i f t pur eofi tal e e of
ii e
l
r nt e ve o oc e n or
upers or he pos
nii r vi w
hi.om pli . Fo t f l ng r s ,hec t ncudest tt a tonm us bedimi s d m
sc
a nt
r he olowi ea ons t our co l
ha he ci
t
s se s

fi oo s p rua tt 2 U. C. 1 5e( )B)
rv lu , u s n o 8 S. j 91 ( )2 ( .
Bac
kzround

On M a c 9,2006, e pld guit t c pia t diti ec i i vi a i of21
rh
Cas y e
ly o ons r cy o srbut ocane, n olton

U. C.jj8 ()1 and 8 a t ta pori e osve ,nvi ainof1 U. C.j
S.
41a ()
46, nd o rns tng xpl i s i olto
8 S.

8 2 a( )A) Hewm s ne e t atr o i rs n n o 4 mo ts f l we byafv -e r
4 ()3 ( .
s e tnc d o em f mp io me t f 8 nh , ol d
o
i ey a
t r ofs r s d r e e. Amongot rpr vii , hecondii ofs r i e r l a e
em
upe vie elas
he o sons t
tons upe v s d e e s
r quiedt tCa e notc mi a f der l sa e orl lcrmes
e r ha s y
om t ny e a, t t , oca i .

Ca e bega hi t r ofs M s d r l as on J y 31,2009. On Febr r 7,201
sy
n s em
upe e e e e
ul
ua y
3,
Cms spr i of kertl a petton s ng t r
ey' obaton f
ied
ii eeki o evoke hi supervi ed r ems aft Cas w as
s
s el e, er ey

a r t d t cef drvi whie i oxia e i W a r n Count Vigi a.
rese wi or i ng l nt c t d n re
y, r ni

On M a c 20, 3,Ca e a a e bef r J
r h 201
s y ppe r d o e udgeUr kif ar voc ton hea i
bans or e a i
rng.
Durng t he i Cas y a ted vi ai t co tonsofhi s pe v s d r e e. J ge
i he arng, e dmit oltng he ndii
s u r ie elas ud

Ur ns s nt nce hi t at m ofi prs
ba ki e e d m o er
m ionme ofsx m ont a a a tona t yea t r
nt i
hs nd n ddii l wo- r e m

ofs p r ie rla e Ca e di n ta p a terv c to u g n , ihwa e trdo
u e vs d ee s . sy d o p e lh e o ainj d me t whc s n ee n
M a ch 25, 3.
r
201
Ca ey fl d t i t nta ton on J y 1 201 Alhough much ofwha Cas y al esi
s ie he nsa c i
ul 5, 4. t
t e leg s

d fiutt d cph r hea p ast c le g tev ldt o t erv c to j d me to teba i
ifc l o e i e, p e r o haln e h aii f h e o ain u g n n h ss
y
t a J d eUr a k i r p rye e cs dmai mej rs ito o e hi S eCo . 4 (t
h t u g b ns i mp o e l x r ie rt u idcin v r m. e mpl! 8 t
i
To
mutt onefom aU. ofAmei Ciie t aAdmialyCi la i unlwflt s j c o t a
ae
r
S.
rca tz n o
r t viin s a u o ube t ne o

j rs ito t t o sn ta py a doh r s v oae t e1 t Ame d n . 1 . t 5
u idcin ha d e o p l n t ewie i lts h 3h
n me t' d a ! 4
);
Cg oc n rc/o a ta re n e it ta i v ldvi a di a c r a ewiht eSttt o
Nq o ta tc mp c/g e me t x ss h t s ai a n n c o d nc t h au e f
F a st e tn ac s , m t r r s n ,md r h midcino cvio ci n l rtmematr
rud o x e d a e p s o p e e tt e t ej s ito f i l r rmia mai
i
te s
vi an sopepr dedby...t Consiui ' . Ca e frt alge t tJ Urans
a yc
ovi
he
ttton.) s y u her le s ha udge b ki
'

lc e 'ert ra j s ito 'o e hi sn eéh To o F o tRo a o W arn Co ny,
a k d ç rio ilmid cin' v r m, ic s e wn f r n y l r re u t
t
t
Vig ni ...i notc d a d/ owne by t Unie Stt sofAm e i Gove n e , a
ri a
s
ede n or
d he t d a e
rca
r m nt or ny

v rai nt ee f' I . t 5 .
aito h r o . d a ! 1
'
C% e c e t $a1Unie St e Agent,a wel asany sa ea nt ,s d f s
y ontnds hat 61
td ats
s s l
tt ge s houl cea e

a dDe it a1 cin s'a an t i i l h o t ealg dj rs ito a d f cs 1 . t 5
n ss' 1 a to tl' g is h m n i t f h le e u idcin l ee t. d a ! 4.
g
Ad iin ly ctn v ro sp o iinso teUnf r Co ril d (
dto al, iig a iu r vso f h io m mmeca Co e UCC) Ca e cams
, sy li
t tat e urt ag e m e 'e ssbe we n t pa te ,a t ti hes ountof$300, 00pe
ha d c iy r e nt' xit t e he ris nd ha d m
s
t
000.
r

isa c , e d y p rij r wi atc t t eP icp lsa do Ag n ' p o e t . .' 1 a pg
n tn e p r a , e n u y l ta h o h rn i a' n /r e ts r p ry . . d. t .
l
'
1
0.

2

Di
scussi
on

Un r2 U. C. 1 5 e, c g v r i fr n u rsp o e dn s tec u t sa
de 8 S. j 91 () whih o ens n o ma a pei r c e ig ,h o r ha
ma ao yd t t s re iiiliig . Erl eCo v J l o 4 0F.d6 8 6 6 5 (t Ci.
nd tr uy o ce n nta fl s ii
n
n . . oms n, 4 3 4 , 5 - 7 4h r
2006) Thec tt tdimisa a tont tt c tfndst befi ousormaii ort t
.
our t
mus s s n ci ha he our i o rvol
lcous ha

fist saeacam. Mih uv. also Co n 43 F.d7 5, 2 ( t Ci. 0 6 (iig2
al o tt li ' c a Ch retn u W, 4 3 2 7 8 4h r 2 0 ) ctn 8
'
U.. j 1 1 ()2( ) Ana to i fi lu i 4tlc sa ag a l b ssete i lw o i
SC. 9 5e ()B).
cin s rvoo s f ç a k n r u be a i i r n a r n
i
h
fc. Netk v. il ms 4 0U.. 9 3 5( 9 9 .
a t' iz e W li , 9 S 31 , 2 1 8 )
'
n
Afe c e u l r vi wi t a lga i i t i tnta ton,t c tc l
tr ar f ly e e ng he le tons n he nsa c i he our oncudest tt
ha he
a ton m us bedimi s asf i ous Fis, o t e e Cas y c le
ci
t
s s ed rvol . r t t he xtnt e hal ngest va i t ofli
he ldiy ls

s r s d r e e r voc i s t nce hi c am sar notcogniabl i t spr ee ng. Suc
upe vie elas e aton en e , s l i
e
z e n hi oc di
h
c am sa e pr ryr dr s d,i a al, wa ofapeii f wrtofha asc pus See e. ,
l i r ope l e es e f t l by y
tton or i
be or .
. a.

Prie v. d iu z 41 U. 4 5 4 4( 9 3 (T) ee s n eo h be sc musi a atc b a
esr Ro rz e , 1 S. 7 , 8 1 7 ) ( h se c f a a o
s n ta k y
pe s i c t upon t l ga iy oft tcusody,a ...heta tona f ncton oft wrti t
r on n usody
he e lt
ha t
nd t r dii l u i
he i s o

s cler l s fom ilga c t ' . Be us Casywa c ctd a s ntnce i fderl
e tr eem e r le l usody.'
) ca e e s onvi e nd e e d n e a

c u thse cu ieh b a c musr me yi ta p o ie b 28U. C. 2 5 * S eUntd
o r, i x lsv a e s o
e d s h t r vd d y
S. j 2 5. e iç

Sae v. mps n, F. p' 2 1 2 4 (t Ci. 0 )( b e vn t a aj2 5 mo ini Gte
tts Si o 27 Ap x 2 , 2 4 h r 2 01 o s r ig h t 2 5 to s th
l
e c u ier me yfrtsigtev l t o a. . fd rl s ne c , n e si i i d q aeo
x lsv e d o e tn h ai y f . (e eal e tn e u ls t s na e u t r
di
i fe t e')( u tn Brd h w v Str , 6F.d 1 4,1 6( 0 Ci.1 9 :9 e as Untd
nefci ' q oi g a s a . o y 8 3 6 6 1 1 r 9 6 s e lo i
v '
e
Stt sv. r c n , 9 F.d2 9 28 (t Ci.1 9 )( oi gt a ad fn a to f d rls p r ie
ae P e e t 1 0 3 7 , 3 4h r 9 9 n tn h t e e d n n e ea u e vsd
r la eçsc nsd rd t b tnc so y' o p r o e o a92 5 mo in).
ee s ç o i ee o e i u td f r u p s s f 2 5 to '
i

*Un rdifrn crumsa e,h c ut j gietepl nifheo potnt t hvehsc mplit
de fee t ic tncste o rmiht v h aitft p ru i o a i o an
y
c nsre a amoint v c t, e a ie orc re t ss ne ep sln t 2 U. C. 2 55 Ho ve,h
o tu d s to o a ae st sd , o rc hl e tnc url to 8 S. û 2 , we r te
n
c ur d cie t d s h r, i eia e r t ts c moinwoudb u tmey u d rj2 5 9() a snc
o t e ln s o o o ee snc t pp as ha u h to
l e ni l n e 25 ( 1, nd i e
t c
he ompl nt eve lber ly consr doesnotsat avibl cai f r i unde t sat e.
ai , n i al
tued,
t e a e l m or elef
r he t ut

3

Se o d,ot ee tn Ca e s t ij ci a d o mo eayr l f taigt te
c n t h xe t s y e ks nun t n / r n tr ei r ltn o h
ve
t
rv c to sn e c , i camsaeb re b He kv. mp ry, 2U. 4 7( 9 4 , i c t
e o ain e tn e b s li r ar d y c Hu h e 51 S. 7 1 9 ) sn e he
j d me t a n tb e r v re , e a ie o oh r s c l di t q e to b tea p o rae
u g n h s o e n e es d s t sd , r te wie al no u si n y h p rp it
e
co t Se He k,51 U. a 486- ( di t ti o de t r ove damag f t r whos
ur. e c 2 S. t 87 hol ng ha n r r o ec r
es or ç m
ha
e
unl w f ne s w oul r nde a co c i ors nt nc i i ' a pl i if m us fr tt ove t tt
a ul s
d e r nvi ton
e e e nvald,' a ntf
t is t
pr
ha he

conviton ors nt nc ha bee r ve s d ona a , xpt dby e utveor r de l e i ld
ci
e e e s n e re
ppe l e mge
xec i de , car d nva i
by a sae ti una a horz d t m a s a deer nai orc le i o que to b a f de'l
t t rb l ut i e o ke uch
t mi ton, a ld nt
si n y e l
a

c u tsis a c o awrt fh be sc r us'; r e v Ho a , 7 F.d 3 0 3 5(t Ci. 0 2
o r' s u n e f io a a o p ' Ha v y . r n 2 8 3 7 , 7 4 h r 2 0 )
)

(p li He kt camsf rij n t erle M o lvv. mp i , 3F. p' 3 7 3 7 3
a pyng c o li o nu ci eig; b e To kns 47 Ap x 3 , 3 - 8
v
(t Ci. 1 )(ppyngHe ki acv l cins e n d ma e a dijmcierle r ltn t
4 h r 20 2 a li
c n ii a to e kig n g s n n t tv eif eaig o
f r c ci )
edeal onvitons.
n id,J cUr ns i i munefom s tf a tonstken whie s r i i hi c pa iy
r udg ba ki s m
r ui or c i n
l e vng n s a ct

a afd r lud e Se M iee v W a o 5 2U. 9 1 - 2( 9 ) W h l s c i miyma
s e e a j g . e r ls . c , 0 S. , 1 1 1 91 . ie u h mmt t y
b o ro ij dca a to saeta e i tec mpeea s n eo alu id ci n'I a 1 ,he
e vec me f u iil cin r t k n n h o lt b e c f lj rs ito y d.t 2 t
t
'
a l ga i i t e i t ta ton c e l f i t i plc t t sexc pton. J e Ur ns pr pe l
le tons n h ns an c i l ary a l o m i a e hi
e i
udg ba ki o ry

e e cs dj rs it no e t s p r ie rlaer v c to p o e dn su e 1 U.. j 3 31
x r ie u id ci v rhe u e vs d ee e o ain r c e i g nd r 8 SC. j 2
o
a d35 3 e , n Cm e sa s ri n t tec nrr a ep tn l fioo . Se UntdSae v
n 8 () a d s y' seto s o h o tay r ae ty rv lus e i tts .
e

Di o 7 F.d3 2, 65(dCi. 01 )( b evigta tlq eDititCo r h dj rs ito a
l n, 25 3 6 3 3 r 2 3 o sr n h ttth src u t a u idcin t
l
g d fn a ts s pev sd r la erv c to h aigu d r1 U.. j 3 31a d35 3 e' ;
t ee d n 'q u r ie -ee s e o ain e rn n e 8 SC. j 2 n 8 ()'
he
)
s aloUnie Sttsv.
ee s td ae Hodcqs 42F. x25 251( 0t Ci.2002)Cç ca eunde 18
,
App' 0, 1 h r
Be us
r

U. C. 3 31f d rl itit o rsaee pl il v se wi uidito ov ra1 fe s sa an t
S. j 2 e ea d src c u t r x i ty e td t rs ci n e 1o fn e g is
c
hj
t l s oft Unied St es,t f algovernm enti notr r t show t t s at cedcd
he aw
he t
at he eder
s
equied o
hat he t e

j rs ito ' ; z v. iç S ae ,1 4 F.d3 , 8 ( t Ci. 9 9 (tu j c- te
u id cin-) Hu i Untd tts 6 3 78 3 0 7h r 1 9 ) s b e tmatr
'
s
4

j rs ito i e eyf d r l rmia p o e u inc me fo 1 U. C. 3 31 a dt eec nb
u idcin n v r e ea c i n l r s c to o s r m 8 S. j 2 , n h r a e
nodoub t tAri l IIpe m isCo
t ha tce I r t npes t œ sg f de alc i na pr ec i t f de al t.
s o s i n e r rmi l os utons o e r cours

Th tsteb gn i ga dt ee o t ej s ito l i u r ' .
a' h e in n n h nd f h midcina'nq iy.)
'
Fi ly,de piehi a gum e st t c r r Cas y' r vocai s nt nc i nott
na l s t s r
nt o he onta y, e s e
ton e e e s
he
pr
oduc ofac vi c me cal r ns c i I i,unse d, her s tofacour' l tma ee r ie
t
i l om r i ta a ton. t s i t a t e ul
ts egii t xe c s

ofispowe t i
t
r o mpos punihm e f pr c i d crmi c
e
s nt or es rbe i nal onduc - Ha sv. a ,41 F.
t'
' ni W nds 0

App' 1 1 ( 0hCi. 1 . Cons nty,Ca e sS eofc
x 45, 47 1 t r 201 )
eque l s y' ç
us ommeci lw t orc baed
r ala he is s
ont UCC t a tc t e c i ofhi c i i s nt nc sm pl ha no f
he
o ta k he xe uton
s rm nal e e e i y s oundai i otrlws'
ton n l a .
'

1 ;s as Unie Stt v. rs 458F. x265,266( hCi. 1 (mph%ii t tlt
d. ee lo td aes Burt,
App'
4t r 201 ) e
zng ha i
he
UCC i i pplca ei ci nalc esl.
s na i bl n rmi as '
Conc us on
l i

Fo t r a onssaed, hecour wilg a C% e l a t pr e i f r apa rs
r he e s
tt t
t l r nt
y e ve o oce d n o m
upe i.

Ho ve,h sa to mu t eds se wi o t rj dc a fi lu , ls a tt 28U. C.
we r ti cin s b imis d t u p eu ie s rvoo s pt u n o
h
r
S. j
1 5()2)B)
91 e( ( .
TheClr i die e t s nd c csoft i m e a x opi on a t a ompa ng
e k s r ctd o e opi
h s mor ndlm
ni nd he cc
nyi

or t t pli if
der o he a ntf

E
NTER: i l d yo J l , 01
Th s G a f u y 2 4.

Chi Unie St t DititJ
ef t d aes src udge

5