Jordan v. Zych

Filing 30

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 6/15/2011. (tvt)

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BY;

LEY,
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M A R K JO R DA N ,
Ci lA c i N o.7: 0- vvi t on
1 c 00491
Pe i i r
t tone ,
M EM O R AN DU M O PI I N
N O

V.

CH R ISTO PH ER ZY CH ,

By:Sam ue G . is
l W l on
U ni e St esD i t i tJudge
t d at
sr c

R espondent
.

Thi i apeii f wrtofha sc p usunde 28U. C.j2241byM ak J r n,
s s tton or i
bea o
r
S.
r oda who
wa ani t a t Unie SttsPenientar i Le Couny,Vigi a(t Lee'a t tme
s mnae t he td ae
t i yn e
t r ni 1
USP- ' t he i
)
hetld t sa ton,c l ngi adicplna y a tont ke agans hi byt Bur a ofPrs ns
ie hi ci hale ng
s i i r ci a n i t m
he e u
io .
J da a l ge t tpr s ofk i l vi a e hi rght unde t Fit A m endm e ' Due Pr es
or n le s ha i on t a s ol t d s i s
r he fh
nts
oc s

Clus a Rei ousFr edom Reso ainAc (' l ', U. C.jj2000bb,e s q.durng
a e nd lgi
e
tr to t ' A' 42 S.
RFl )
te , i
di c plna y pr e ngs t tr ule i a tndi t tJ da c m m it d a a s ul o a f low
s i i r oc edi ha es t d n i ng ha or n o
te n s a t n e l

im a e Thi ma tri c r nty bef et c t am otonbyt r s nde ,Chrsophe
n t . s te s ure l
or he our on
i
he e po nt
it r
Zyc t W a de a USP- e, o dim isJ da speii
h, he r n t
Le t s s or n' tton.Thec tfndst tJ da has
our i ha or n

fiedt de taeentte
al o monsrt ilmentt rle unde j2241f a ofhi cli ,a t rf e
o eif r
or ny
s ams nd heeor
gr nt t r ponde ' moton.
a s he es
nts i
1.

On J y 1 201 J dan obs r e a fghtbe w ee t o ot prs r ,K e t M il
ul 0, 0, or
evd i
t nw
her i one s nne h ls
a Pa W e kl y,i t pr s ya d a U SP- e. Acc di g t J da , afe a l edl
nd ul a e n he i on r t
Le 1
or n o or n t r leg y
obs r ng t tW ea ey w a hol ng s e s r ofw e pon i o ofhi ha , or n wa ke
e vi ha
kl
s di om o t
a
n ne
s nds J da
l d
ove t W e kl y a pl ce hi f on W ea e sa m i a a t m ptt pr ven hi f om us ng
r o a e nd a d s oot
kl y' r n n te
o e t m r
i
1Fort pu pos sofevauai t r po ntsm otont dim is t cou tt sJ r n' f cua alegai a
he r e
l tng he es nde '
i o s s , he r ake o da s a t l l tons s

tu a dl eal c n tu shspeiin.S eHu h sv Ro , 4 U.. , -0(98 )
re n i r l o sre i t o e g e . we 4 9 S 5 9 1 1 0 .
b y
t

i.Afe brety i e ve ng,J da lf t i medit s nea s ton a be h l a e
t tr i l nt r ni or n e t he m
ae ce nd a
nc oc t d
e s whe e i t pr s ya d. Sur e la c e asr or d t s e i e s quenc ofe nt .
l e r n he i on r
v il nce am r ec de hi ntr e
e ve s

Appr m a ey t hour l t ,Ca lon,aprs ofi i l f
oxi t l wo
s aer rt
ion tc a , ound J dan a pl ce hi i
or
nd a d m n
a i sr tv de enton.
dm ni t a i e t i
The ne da afe r vi i t s v la e vi o,Ca lon pr pa e a i de r por
xt y, t r e ew ng he ur eil nc de
rt
e r d n nci nt e t

r ga di J da spa tcpa i n i t fght Ther por sa e t tCart ç e v I t
e r ng or n' ri i to n he i .
e t tt d ha
lon l r ed nmae
obs

J da ...a hi rghtf ta pl ei onl t W ea e ')... r a uppe a e ,l vi
or n tke s i oo nd ac t nmae klygs a m nd
r r a ea ng

l maeW e ke . . o a l t d fn hss l a ta tmeo t atr ai n' ( t Ex. . Th
n t a ly . n t be o ee d i ef t h t i f he lec to . Pe. 1) e
'
r por c r e J da wih t ofe e oft s a tng a pe s ' avi ai ofOf e e Code
e t ha g d or n t he f ns
s s uli ny r on,' ol ton
a
f ns

1 unde 28C. R.j5 .3.J da rcevedac oft srpor t tsmeda Prs
01 r
F. 411 or n e i
opy hi e tha a
y. ion
ofi i s saye di ci i r pr edi i t m a t runtlJ y 1 w he t U nie St t
fc al t d s plna y oce ngs n he te
i ul 4, n he t d a es

Ator y' Ofi de ded i woul notptr ueapos i e c i i lpr ec i agans J da
t ne s fce ci t
d
ls
sbl rm na os uton i t or n.

On J y 1 J r n ac
ul 4, o da knowl sher c ve a t rc oft i i ntr por,but
edge
e ei d no he opy he nc de e t
de est t ofii l eve gaveJ da t o runiy t ma asa e e r ga di t
ni hat he fc a s r
or n he ppo t t o ke tt m nt e r ng he
t t o ke t t m nt t ha i ,
c r . H a J da bee gi n t o
ha ges2 d or n n ve he pporuniy t m a a s a e e a t ttm e he sa e t t
t t s ha
he w oul ha r ie a e t f t a
d ve e t r t d he ac s bove a c a m ed t the onl i e ve t e ur W e kl y
nd l i
ha
y nt r ned o ns e a e

ddn tsa Mil, ndt a h h d n itn t a s utet e W e ke o M il.( t! 6 7 1 .
i o tb ls a h t e a o ne t o sa l ih r a ly r ls Pe. ! - , 6)
OnJ y 1 t Uni DicplneCommite($ 'heda i talhe i ont matr
ul 6,he t s i i
te t
UDC') l n nii arng he te.
Att he rng, he U D C i or e J da t the had t r g t r a n s l , t ta
he a i t
nf m d or n ha
he i ht o em i ient but ha ny
s l nc co d po e i l be us d t d a a a r e i e e a ns hi . The UD C t n ga
ie e ul t ntaly
e o r w n dve s nf r nce gai t m
he ve
hi t oppor uniy t m ake a sat m e r ga di t c ge . J r n s m pl t d t U D C t t
m he
t t o
t e nt e r ng he har s o da i y ol he
ha

hetdi no as a ta
d d t s ul nyone. de a r gultonspr vi t twhe ac ge vi a i ofprs n
'
'Fe r l e a i
o de ha
n har d olton
io
r esi s rous a w a
ul s e i
nd nunt cons de a i ofm or t n m i s nc i ,t UD C s l r f rt
s
i r ton
e ha
nor a tons he
ha l e e he
2Theprs ofk i scai t y di gi J dana opporuniyt m a asaem e r pondi t t c ge .
ion t al l m he d ve or
n
t t o ke tt nt es
ng o he har s

c a g t aDicpl a yHe n Ofie (1 '.S e2 C. R. 5 .5 h .I J r a ' c s ,
h r e o si i r mi g fc r i
n
DHO' e 8 F. j 411 ( ) n o d n s ae
)
t UD C f
he
ound t tt c r d vi a i pot taly w a r nt d m or t m i s nc i ns a
ha he ha ge ol ton en i l r a e
e han nor a to , nd
r e r d t m a t rt a D H O . A spa tofhi r f r a , he U D C r c m ende t tt DH O
ef r e he te o
r
s eerlt
e om
d ha he

i
mpos al sof41da ofgood c
e os
ys
onduc tm e a welast l sofc mi s r prvieg f
t i , s l he os
om s a y i l es or
1 da .
80 ys

Ata he rngbe or aDHO,a i ae i en ild t m a asa e e , e e
ai
f e
n nm t s tte o ke t t m nt pr s nt

d c me tr e d n e a dc l win s e t tsiyo h sb h l.28C. R. 5 .7 c .Th
o u n ay vie c , n al t e s s o e tf n i e af
F. j 411 () e
i a e i a s e il t r
nm t s l o ntted o eque tt ta s a fr pr e a i be a nt d t a
s ha t f e es nt tve
ppoi e o ppea o t i a e'
r n he nm t s

b haf 2 C. R. 5 .5 i.Beo et h a ig J r a ee tdt e rieh srg t oh v a
e l. 8 F. j 411 () f r he e rn , o d n lce o xecs i ih t a e
sa frpr s nttve a nt a r que t d t tt eewines e t tf a hi hea i J da
t f e e e a i ppoi ed, nd e se ha hr
t s s esiy t s rng. or n
s e t d La e Col t Educa i Depa t e Supe vi ora U SP- ,t s ve ashi s a f
el c e nc
e, he
ton
rm nt
r s t
Lee o er
s tf

rpr s nttve.J da sDHO he rng t pl c on J y 27,201 Liut nantTed Tr es t
e e e ai
or n'
a i ook a e
ul
0. e e
e , he
Ale a e DH O a U SP- e,a t d a t D H O f t he rng.
tm t
t
Le c e s he
or he a i

Tr esbe t hea i by a sng J d ofhi rgh s he a ke t r s ndt t
e
gan he rng
dvii or an
s i t .W n s d o e po o he
c r esco aned i t i i ntr po t J da r ple tEve yt ng i tue.Iwake u t
ha g
nt i n he ncde e r, or n e i d:s r hi s r
l d p o
W ea e be us he ha a knie. lputm y f on hi ar ,w a i M il t br a a a I
kl y ca e
d
f
oot
s m
ntng ls o e k w y.

wan' tyi t a s tanyone.'( p. 1 Ata h. PM V. J da c ende t thi
s t r ng o saul
' Res Ex. , tc 2,
) or n ont d ha s
a i di notl a W ea ey una e t de e hi s f a r ie a ed t thi onl i e w a t
d ons d
e ve
kl
bl o f nd m el, nd e t r t ha s y nt nt s o

b e ku t efg ta dp e e tM i sfo b igs ro l ij rd.Astemaeil a t we en t
r a p h ih n r v n l r m en eiusy n u e
l
h tra f cs r o
i dipu e, or n ag ee t w a ve hi rghtt ha hi t ee w ines es a ar J r c ai s
n s t J da r d o i
s i o ve s hr
t s ppe . o dan l m
t the a ked Tr est r vi w t vi o s v il nc t pe oft i i ntpe s na l a t t
ha
s
e o e e he de ur e la e a s he nc de
r o ly, nd ha

Tr esde i
e
clned.I t d, e alowed Col who ha viwedt t pes t t tf r a di t i
nsea Tr es l
e,
d e
he a , o esiy eg r ng her
cont nta ag e t cr di hi t s i ony.J da sa est tCol st tm ony w asc it nt
e nd r ed o e t s e tm
or n t t ha
e' es i
ons s e

wih t e nt c onil d i t i de r por,e ptt tCol not t tJ da di no
t he ve s hr c e n he nci nt e t xce ha
e ed ha or n d t
i m ed a el l ve t s e a t rM il a W ea e l f .
m
i t y ea he c ne f e ls nd
kl y e t

Afe hea i t t si ony a r e ngt e de e, e f t t tJ r n ha not
tr rng he e tm
nd eviwi he vi nc Tr es o md ha o da d
vi a e Code 1 asc r i t i de r t buti t a had vi aed Code224,
olt d
01, ha ged n he nci nt epor,
nse d
ol t

l sutn W i o tS ro slj r ' I a viga t sc n l i n Tr e c n iee te
s a lig t u e iu nu y. n ni n thi o cuso , e s o sd r d h
As
h
'
t tmony ofJ da a Col t i i ntr por, wela amemor
esi
or n nd e, he ncde e tas l s
andum pr r d by
epa e
Li u e n E. l n des rbi t i i n .Tr sno e t ti wasunc e t d t tJ da ha
e t na t Ale
c i ng he nc de t ee t d ha t
ont se ha or n d
f e y c e t i t r ene i t a m e c lc be wee W ea ey a M il by pl ci hi f t
r el hos n o n e v
n he r d onfi t t n
kl nd ls
a ng s oo

on W ea e pr ntng hi fom m ovi a t tt sa ton c tt e t t
kly, eve i
m r
ng, nd ha hi c i onsiut d he û
unwa ed
nt

t hi ofa he . ( s Ex.1 Ata h.2, r V. Tr sa ee wiht r tngofke
ouc ng not r' Re p.
'
, tc Pa t ) ee gr d t he epori t r
t tt s a ton l f W ea ey t a e t de e hi s f a t tJ da ss a e e t thi onl
ha hi c i e t
kl m bl o f nd m el, nd ha or n' t t m nt ha s y

i e i i i e v ni wa t hep M il br a fe l c c e biiy.Tr esalono e t t
ntnton n nt r e ng s o l ls e k r e a ked r di lt
e s t d ha
J da sde son t l a t i e ae a e wiho r pori t i i ntt prs ofkil
or n' cii o e ve he mm dit r a t ut e tng he ne de o ion f a s
de ons r t d t tJ da w asa a e t thi a tons ha be n w r
m t a e ha or n
w r ha s c i
d e
ongf . Tr s f
ul ee ound t tJ da
ha or n
ha pr e ed no e de t tw oul i c t t pr s ofi a sha t
d es nt
vi nce ha
d ndi a e hat i on tci l d ç pie ' o c r e hi
cons r d' t ha g m
w ih t sof e e.
t hi f ns
A sa r ul oft s fndi ,Tr es s nc i
es t he e i ngs e a toned J da by di a l i hi 27 da of
or n
s low ng m
ys

Go dCo d d Ti ,mp e 1 d y o ds iln r s g e ain(us e de f r9 d y ) a d
o n u me i osd 5 a s f icp iay e r g to s p n d o 0 a s, n
s pe d hi vi ii prviege f 1 da . I i posng t s s nc i ,Tr e e pha i e
us nde s s tng i l s or 20 ys n m i he e a tons e s m
sz d
t ti a esw ho a t m ptt i e v ne i a as a ti r s t c nc t ta l r rdi t ba
ha nm t
te
o nt r e n n s ul nc ea e he ha e ha a ge sur nce

m a br a out a t e or t eae t s f t a s c iy ofbot i t a prs ofi il .
y e k , nd her f e hr tn he a e y nd e urt
h nma es nd ion fca s
Tr esi s hi wr ten r por de a lng t s fndi on A ug t 1 201 a J dan r c i d
e s ued s it e t t ii he e i ngs
us 8, 0, nd or
e e ve
a c oft r por on Se e be 24, 0. J r n c le d t de i i t o h t
opy he e t
pt m r 201 o da ha l nge he c s on hr ug he

a nitai pr edur a ia e t hi ,a e used t epot nta r medi prort
dmi sr tve oc es val bl o m nd xha t hos
e il e
es i o
brngi s t
i ng ui.
J r no br ngs 20 c a m st tpr s ofk i l vi a e hi due pr es rght i a
o dan w i
l i ha i on t a s ol t d s
oc s i s n

va i t ofwa durng t i i tga i oft i i nta t rco
rey
ys i her nvesi ton he ncde nd hei nduc durng J da sDHO
t i or n'
he rng.J da alo brngsa addii lcai unde RFRA ale ng t thei a obs r a
ai
or n s i
n
tona l m
r
l gi ha
s n e v nt
pr c ii rofJ s a wasc
a ttone
udaim nd
ompe ld by hi r i ousvi wst a tt pr nta vi e
le
s elgi
e o c o eve
olnt
ph i las a t a t tt prs n' dici i r pr e di ha s t i lybur ne hi
ysca s ul, nd ha he io s s plna y oc e ngs ve ubsantal
de d s
a lt t pr tc hi r lgi i t sm a r
biiy o ac i e s e i on n hi nne .
I1
.

J da spe ii r s snume ouscli st tprs ofi i sf ie t pr dehi wih
or n' tton aie
r
am ha ion fcal al d o ovi m t
t mi m um duepr s r quie by t Fit Ame e ti de i ng hi ofhi goodtm e
he ni
oce s e r d he fh
ndm n n prvi m
s
i
c e t. Fort r as s tf t bel t c r fndshi c am swihoutm e i a dimis s
r dis
he e ons e orh ow, he ou t i
s li
t
rt nd s s e
t m.
he
W he e a pr s di c plna y he rng m a r s ti t l sof g tm e c e t ,
r
i on s i i r a i
y e ul n he os
ood i r dis due

pr s r uie t ta i t r eve'i1 a ncewrte notceoft dicplnayc r s
oce s eq rs ha n nmae ec i . ( ) dva
û
itn i
he s i i r ha ge ;
( a o t t whenc itntwihi tt i s eya c r tona goas t cal
2) n pporuniy,
onsse t nsiutonal aft nd oreci l l,o l

win se a p e e t oc me tr e ie c i h sd fn e a d ( )awrte sae n b te
t e s s nd r s n d u nay vd n e n i e e s ; n 3
i n ttme t y h
t
f c fnde oft e denc r le on a t r s nsf t di c plna y a ton. Supe i e nt
a ti r he vi e e i d
nd he ea o or he s i i r c i '
'
r nt nde .

M a s Cor.l t,W al ev. l,472U. 445, ( 985)(ii W olfv.McDonnel, 8
s . r ns. pol Hil
S. 454 1
ctng f
l41
U. 539,563- ( 974).I or t compl wiht mi mum rquie sofpr e la d
S.
67 1 ) n der o
y t he ni
e r ment
oc dtrl ue
pr e s t fndi ofaprs dicplna yboar m us bes
oc s , he i ngs
i on s i i r
d
t upporedby s m ee de i t
t
o
vi nce n he

rc r Hil4 2U. a 45 5 , n b ma eb a i m il dudc t r W of, 8U. a
e od, l, 7 S. t 4- 5 a d e d y n mp a a j iao . lf 41 S. t
57071.

The r or i c t s t tt pr s of i a spr de J da w ih a 1oft pr s he
ec d ndi a e ha he i on fci l ovi d or n t 1 he oce s

wa dueunde t Fit Am e e .J da r eved ac oft i de r por on J y 11
s
r he fh
ndm nt or n ec i
opy he nci nt e t ul ,
de a lng t c r s a i thi . J r n r ce ve a t rc
t ii he ha ge ga ns m o da e i d no he opy o J y 1 a di no ha hi
n ul 4, nd d t ve s

i ta he rng on t mate untlJ y 1 or n' DHO hea i di nott ke plceuntlJ y 27,
niil a i
he t r i ul 6.J da s
rng d
a
a
i ul
m or t n t o wee a t rhe fr tr ce ve notce oft cha ges The D H O and ot rpr s
e ha w
ks f e
is e i d i
he r .
he i on

ofii snotte J da ofhi rghtt pr s ntevi nc a calwines e a hi he rng. W he
fcal ii d or n
s i o ee
de e nd l t s s t s a i
n
i be n ecea t tneihe sde c ese t ba i f c soft ca e- t tJ dan i e ve d i
t c m l r ha t r i ont t d he sc a t
he s ha or
nt r ne n
t c r nt ton be w ee i a esM il a W ea e by pl c ng hi f ton W e kl y' a m i
he onf o a i
t n nm t
ls nd
kl y
ai
s oo
a e s r n
or rt pr ve W e kl y fom f t e
de o e nt a e r
urher ngagi M il - J da a ee t wai hi r g t c l
ng ls or n gr d o
ve s i ht o al

hi wine s .The DHO t n m a hi tndi and is awrte r por e ani hi
s t s es
he
de s i ngs
s ued
itn e t xpli ng s
de i i t convi tJ r n oft as a tc r . J da r e ve a c oft s r por on
c s on o
c o da
he s ul ha ge or n ec i d opy hi e t

Se e r24,
pt mbe
2010.Thus J da r eved a nce m i t notc an opporuniy t pr e
, or n ec i
dva d ten i e,
t t o es nt
e de e a ca lw ines e ,a a wrt e tndi f om t D HO notf ng hi oft e de e
vi nc nd l t s s nd
it n i ng r he
iyi
m
he vi nc
r le u n t c
e i d po o onvi thi oft c r asr uie by t Due Pr e s Cl us
c m
he ha ge, eq r d
he
oc s a e.
J da sc a m s r l i t t s f c e y oft evi nce r i upon t convi thi of
or n' l i e atng o he uf i i nc
he de
eled
o
c m

t m i a s ul cha ge mus alo f i. The DHO' fndi we eba e prma iy upon f c s
he nor s a t r
t s al
s i ngs r s d i rl
at
t tne t rpa t cont t d,nnm e y t tJ r n i e v d i a fghtbe w ee t o ot r i a e
ha ihe ry
es e
l ha o da nt r ene n i
t nw
he nm t s

byplci hi f ton oneoft i aes or n i it t thedi notit ndt a s ul a ne
a ng s oo
he nm t .J da nsss ha
d
n e o s a t nyo ,
a t the onl w a e t pr ventW e kl y f om ha m i M il . H ow e r i i a om a i t t
nd ha
y nt d o e
a e r
r ng ls
ve , t s xi tc ha
J da s a tofpi ng W e kl y' a m durng W ea e sf g wih M il w oul have
or n' c
nni
a e sr
i
kl y' i ht t
ls
d

di nihe W ea e sa lt t de e hi eforot r s c i tghtng,a t ts h
mi s d
kly' biiy o f nd ms l
he wie ontnue i i nd ha uc
t uc ng wo d beunwa e fom W ea e spe s c i J dan' own t s i
o hi
ul
nt d r
kly' r pe tve. or s
e tmony a t wha
so
t

oc ure t r f epr ded a las t o ee de e'on whih t DHO coul r s na y ba e
c r d he e or ovi
t e t s m vi nc '
s
c he
d ea o bl s
hi f ndi t tJ r n c m it d a Code 22 a s ul.
s i ng ha o da om te
4 s a t3
J dan' cl i t tTr espr i d ove hi he r ng i a bi ed m n
or s a m ha e
es de
r s ai n
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l o a ks rt

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o d n le e h t ai u rs n fiil ra g d o a e i a e dudc td
e s wh
c ns ie wi t e eofiil t c n itJ r a o tei si to a c a g si o d rt j siy
o prd t h s fcas o o vc o d n f h n tt in l h r e n r e o u t
h
u
f
t a f rng J r n t anot rpe t nta y.H ow e r J da doesnotpr de a f ct lbas s
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ve , or n
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or he e l m , nd he
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ss
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ny m opret
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Fort e r a ons t c ttndsJ da ' duepr s cai s l c m e i a dim is s
hes e s , he our i
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oce s l m 4 a k rt nd s s e
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hem
1
11.

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or n g he
t o cae he
s c son c e
a ms ion fc as
a s i r nge hi due pr s r ght by vi a i s r lf de alr gul tons t ts tf t t
l o nf i d s
oce s i s
ol tng eve a e r e a i ha e orh he
pr ed e g
oc ur s over ng di ci i r i s i to a pr ee ngs Spec f c ly,J da
ni
s plna y nve tga i ns nd oc di .
ii a l or n

c lenge whe he prs ofi i l pr l a nt d Tr st hea t c e, whe he t e
hal s t r ion fc a s opery ppoi e ee o r he as and
t r hos
ofi il f l
tca s olowed t a opra epr edur sf notf ng J da oft i s i to a
he ppr it oc e or iyi or n he nve tgai n nd
pr vi ng hi w ih a co ofTr e ' e t The cou tfndst tbe us pr s of i i s
o di
m t
py
e s r por .
r i ha ca e i on fc al

pr vi d J r n wih t a1 oft pr s r quie unde Hila W olf hi a tona ca ms
o de o da t he 1 he oce s e r d
r l nd
f , s ddii l li
ba e on t s r ul tons m us be di m i s d. Furhe , ve i J da ha a d pr es rghtt
sd
he e eg a i
t
s se
t r e n f or n d ue oc s i o
3J r n as cl m st tCode224 i i r s i y va a a id t hi , a hehadnonotc t thi a ton of
o da lo ai ha
s mpe misbl gue s pple o m s
ie ha s c i
plci hi f on W e e durng afghtwoul c tt t tu ntd t hi ' A prs r gulton i
a ng s oot
akly i
i
d onsiue tnwa e ouc ng.'
ion e a i s
i r si y va i i f ist û pprs a i t ofor na yi elge 't tapa tculra ti df bi n.
mpe misbl gue f t al o < ie ny nma e
a
di r ntli nce'ha
ri a c s tor dde '
'

Gatnv. vo, 4 F.d3 0, 4 (t Ci.1 91,e as UntdSae v Ch t n, 3 F. 5 7 5 9(t Ci.
so Ta lr 9 6 2 4 3 2 4h r 9 ) se lo ie tts . ama 5 8 2d 6 , 6 4h r
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9 6 n tn h t o rs t e r n n h t iue n io me t n ih rs n e u ains r e in d o
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o eaewh ne au tn c aln e b sdo tev i frv g e e sd crn ) Th c ut idsta arao a e
p rt e v laig h l g s ae n h od-o- a u n s o tie . e o rfn h t e sn bl
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4The ecam si l t enumbe e 19, 1 and 20 i J da spe ii
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n or n' tton.

t a tona pr e espr vi f byt Bur u ofPrs ,t c tfndst tprs
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o s r e s ro n
J r n' ca e. A cc di y,t c tdi m i s s J da scl i s
o da s s
or ngl he our s s e or n' a m .

ig ol a adici i r heai c
tsj ong s s plnay rng omporswiht rquie nt ofW olf aprs
t t he e r me s
f, ion
doe no vi at t D ue Pr s Cl us by f ii t f l isow n pr dur w hi h l ie
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536306,a *1( h Ci. pt 8,1 ( i W ake v.Sumne,1 F. 1 1 ( h Ci.
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1 8( s Ci. 98 ) Eve i ap io o fca ' a to sce t ap tnild ep o e svo ain,
, 1t r 1 4 . n f rs n fiils cin r ae o e ta u r c s ilto a
ha a peii rne dst de
be s ttone e o monsr t t thewa ha me by t vi a i i or rt obt i
tae ha
s r d he olton n de o an

r l f Br wnv Brx o , 7 F.d5 , 0 ( t Ci. 0 )
ei . o . a t n 3 3 3 01 5 8 4h r 20 4 .
e
J da a guest tTr swasno USP- e' prm a y DHO a t s d ne rha
or n r
ha ee
t
Le s i r
nd hus houl ve ve

pr i do hi dicplnayheai andt thi a nt ntvi aed28C. R.j5 1
esde ver s si i r rng, ha s ppoi me olt
F. 41.6.
Thi rgultonpr de t t'gl t i tt i sDHO i nota et co the rngs t
s e ai ovi s ha 'if he nsiuton'
s bl o nduc ai ,he
W a de s l a r ng f ano he D H O t c
r n ha l r a e or t r
o onduc t hea i . spe s m us bet a ne a
t he rngs Thi r on
t r i d nd

c riîdasaDHO,a me tt ohe r rme t frDHO. 28C. R.j541.6() Hee
etfe
nd e he t r equie ns o
'
'
F.
1 a . r,
Tr eshass it d an unc e t a f da ti c tng t the m e t Bur u ofPr s s DH O
e
ubm te
ont s ed f i vi ndi a i ha
t he ea
i on'
ta ni a c tf c ton r quiem e s or i pora l J da hasnotpl i y s
r i ng nd erii a i e r nt .M e m tnty, or n
aus bl hown t t
ha
Tr es a t d i a bi ed m ar e w hie pr s di ove J da sdi ci i r pr e di i
e ' ce n
as
m r l e i ng r or n' s plna y oc e ngs n

voaino W of sr q ie n t t icpi r d cso sb ma eb a i a t l dudc tr
ilt f lf e ur me tha d s il y e ii n e d y n mp ri a j iao .
o
na
a
Thus J da sa l a i n t tTr s di notm e tt m i m t n qualf c tons t s ta a DH O
, or n' leg t o ha ee d
e he ni u
ii a i o i s
r s no cons iutonalconcer
ai es
tt i
ns.

J da cli sprs ofi i svi ae t i ownpr e a r uie e si t o he
or n am
ion fcal ol td her
oc dur l eq r m nt n wo t r

ways Fis,healege prs ofii sfie t compl wih28C. R.j5411 b)2)whih
. rt
l s ion fcal ald o
y t
F.
.4( ( , c
pr dest ta i s i tng of i rs l de i ra c ofan i de r por t t i a e
ovi ha n nve t ga i
fce ha l lve opy
nci nt e t o he nm t

bei i si t d a t begi ngofa i tga i a whi tm et ofk e mus ' viet
ng nve tgae t he
nni
n nvesi ton, t ch i he t r t ' s he
ad
i a e oft r g t r ai s l a al s a oft di c plna y pr s butt tt i at '
nm t
he i ht o em n ient t 1 t ges he s i i r oce s
ha he nm e s
s l nc m a be us t dr w an a r e i e e e a ns t i a e a a s a oft
ie e y
ed o a
dve s nf r nc gai t he nm t t ny t ge he
i tt i
ns iutonaldi c plna y pr e s ' W hie t prs n ofi i s m ai ai t t y ad s J da
s i i r oc s .'
l he i o fc al
nt n hat he vied or n
oft s rght w he t y delver d a c oft i i ntr por t hi on J y 1 201 J da
he e i s
n he
i e
opy he nc de e t o m
ul 4, 0, or n

de est tt di s Howe r J dan di r cevenotfcai n oft erght i wrtng a hi
ni ha hey d o.
ve , or
d e i
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hes i s n ii t s
i talUD C he r ng on J y 1 and a t the rng J da sr cia i n oft eve si q s i
nii
ai
ul 6,
t ha a i or n' e t t o
he nt n ue ton

di notdif rma e i ly fom t ede c i d i t i i ntr por .Tr e tna DHO r por
d
fe t ral r hos s rbe n he nc de e t e s' i l
e t
doe nots
s
ugge tt thedr a a r ei e e efom J da salege sl nc on J y 1
s ha
ew n dve s nf r nc r or n' l d ie e
ul 4.
Thus a pr edza eroron t pa toft prs ofi a swasha es a di notrs t t
, ny oc tr l r
he r he ion fcil
nnl s nd d
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lve ofa a tona eduepr es cam.SeeBr 373F. a 508(i ngapotni due
e l n ci bl
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own,
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fndi
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pr es vi a i n ha e s when a habe pe ii rc d nota tc at how t pr edur l
oc s ol to nnl s
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a

vi ai i quesi ne tveyi tdhi .
olton n ton gai l mpace m)
Se nd,J da c ai st the di notr c ve a copy oft w rten DH O r por i a
co
or n l m ha
d
e ei
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e tn

tmeyma ra rquie by28C. R.j5 1 g) whih saest tprs n ofiil s ul
i l nne s e r d
F. 41.7( , c tt ha io fcas ho d
' di rl ' i t r por t t a f d e i a ew ihi t n da . H ow e r e n i a
' na iy'delver he e t o he f e d nm t t n e ys
or
ve , ve f

prs rdoe no r eve aDHO r por wihi t pr c i d tmefa e t sde a doe not
ione
s t ec i
e t t n he es rbe i r m , hi l y s

p o ieab ssf rh b a r le s ln a ted lyha n p eu iil fe to teimaes
r vd a i o a e s eif o o g s h ea s o rj d ca e fc n h n t'
a nitaea l Cookv.W ade 241Fe App' 828,829( Ci.
dmi srt ppea.
r n,
d. x
3d r 2007) Her,Tres
. e e
i s hi r por on A ugus 18,201 a J da di notr e ve i untlSe e ber24,2010.
s ued s e t
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0, nd or n d
ec i t i pt m

J r a d e n t li t t h sd lyh d a yp eu iilefc o h sa mi itaiea pe la d
o d n o s o cam ha t i ea a n rj d ca fe t n i d nsrtv p a, n
t r f e t c tm us di m i st s c ai asw e l
he e or he our
t s s hi l m
l.
Fort r a ons s a e a
he e s
t t d bove t c t e J r n' c a m sr a i t t alege
, he our deni s o da s l i el tng o he l d
vi a i off de alpr dur r ul tons 5
ol tons e r oce al eg a i .
lV .

J d spe ii n a l gest t as a ' bs r an pr c ii r ofJ i m 'he i ' m pe l d
or an' tt o le
ha , n ' e v t a ttone
o
uda s ' s '
co le
t pr ntvi e phys c as a t ... he e opporuniy a i es a he i i a poston t do s '
o eve
ol nt
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( t a 1 )a dt a p io o fcas d cso t ds iln hm f rh sitr e to i tefg t
Pe. t 8 n h t rs n fiil' e iin o icp ie i o i n e v nin n h ih
be w e n W e kl a M il c tt e a i pe m i sbl bur n on t exe ci e ofhi r lgi
t e
a ey nd ls ons iut d n m r s i e de
he r s
s e i on

i vi ai n ofRFRA .6 RFRA pr dest tt '
n ol to
ovi ha he '
Gove n e s lnots t nta l bur en a
r m nt hal
ubsa ily d
pe s se r i e ofr i on e n i t bur n r uls f o a r e ofge r la i a lt ' 42
r on' xe c s
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ne a pplc biiy,
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S. j 0 0 b 1a, nls t e nsrt s h tt e u d n i ) s n u te a c f
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rm n
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e r y s om li nt r t n eve i i i n i on, nd t ul e ntng n

imaefo j i n i a o g i mee , v ni teimaed e s wiht eitn ino
n t rm onig n n n ong le e e f h n t o s o t h ne to f
soppi t t g ,a e t l as r s rc i m e ofa om pls ng t s i e es . A cc di y,t
t ng he i ht r he e t e t i tve ans cc
i hi hi nt r t
or ngl he
c tdi m i s s J da s RFRA c a m .
our s s e or n'
li
V.

5Fort r a onsdicus e i Pa tl,t c tas deni J dan' cai st tprs ofi asvi aedf r
he e s
s s d n r l he our lo
es or s l m ha ion fcil olt edeal

rg ain b rfsn t al hm t p ee twi e ss( am l ) fin t po iehm wi a i at l
e ulto s y eu ig o l i o rsn t se Cli 5,al g o rvd i t n mp ri
ow
n
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dcso - kr( am 1)adb teDHO'fi r t aeu tl sp ot ifn n ( ams1-7 1)
e
sal eo d qaey u p rhs idigsCli 61 ,9.
u

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A s onsiutona
ppled o tt
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Civo Boen v Flrs 5 U. 5 ( 9 7, RA c niu st g v r tea tvte of e ea otc r a d
t f re . o e, 21 S. 07 1 9 )RF o t e o o en h ciiis fd r l f es n
n
i
a e ce .Ma s nv Ri r 3 5F.d31 , 5(t Ci. 0 3 .
g n is dio . t . 5 3 0 3l 4h r2 0 )
e
1
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J da ha m ove t s ppl e t r or wih c e ofe ais s ntby Tr st t
or n s
d o u em nt he ec d t opi s m l e
ee ha
J da be i ve s
or n le s uppo thi c a m t tTr e vi a ed hi due pr es rght by e bii bi s
r s l i ha e s ol t
s
oc s i s
xhi tng a
a ns hi i m a ng hi nzi Thes e a l c i tofa r
gai t m n ki
s lng.
e m is ons s
eque tt o he prs ofi i l f r
s o t r i on tc a s o

clrfc ton r ga di t c e oft s vela vi o t tca ur d t i de a i s ,
a ii a i e r ng he ont nt he ur ilnce de ha pt e he nci nt t s ue
a an e ry d af ofTr es f na D H O r por . The c thasr vi w e t s addii lm a e i l ,
nd
al r t
e 'i l
e t
our
e e d he e
tona t r a s
and fndsnot ng t i ca e Tr sw asno a i pa ta de s on- a r Fi s ofa l a D HO '
i
hi o ndi t ee
t n m r i l ci i m ke . r t l,
s
de i i nott r vi s ve la e vi o hi s fdoe no c tt e a due pr es vi a i
c s on
o e ew ur il nc de m el
s t ons iut
oc s ol ton.

Ne l . seln , 29Fe Ap x 1 3 1 5( t Ci. 0 ) Fu te , ohigi t d a t
a v Ca trie 1
d. p' 1 , 1 5h r 2 05 . rh r n t n n he rf
ve son oft DHO r por i caest tTr e ha df s e de e c e ed t s
ri
he
e t ndi t ha e s d çale vi nc r at o uppor t fndi
the i ng

a c ci 'orfie t ot wiea ta a i ri fc tnde.( trsM ott
nd onviton, ald o her s c s n mpatal a t i r Pe''
'
.o

Su plme ta 34. Th p i r dfe e c bewe nt d a t n tefn l e so a p ast b
p e n t - ) e rma y if rn e t e he rf a d h ia v rin p e r o e
t t i t e r y ver i Tr ess a est tJ r n m a notha w ine s d t be nni oft
ha , n he a l
s on, e t t ha o da
y
ve t s e he gi ng he

c r a i be we n M il and W ea e whiei t fna ve son Tr esdoesnots ult on
onfontton t e
ls
kly, l n he i l r i
e
pec a e
whehe J da s w who sa td t fg . I bo h ve sons howe r Tr esconcudest t
t r or n a
tre he i ht n t r i ,
ve , e
l
ha
J da sac ed i pe m i sbl r gar es ofhow t fghtbe n. The fna ve s on doe no
or n' t m r s i y e dl s
he i
ga
i l ri
s t
pur tt r l on a û w l c ea e 'e de e orc r di t dr f ve s o i a m a e i l
por o e y
ny s y- r t d' vi nc
ne
ont a ct he a t r i n n ny t r a
w a Thus t c tf ndst tJ da s pr pos s em e a evi nc f ist c e t a f t l
y.
, he our i
ha or n' o ed uppl nt l de e a l o r a e ac ua
i s a t w he he Tr s vi a e J r n' d pr es r ght
s ue s o
t r ee ol t d o da s ue oc s i s.
VI.

J da hasm o d t t a f rt sc e t t U . D i t i tCo tf t M i e D i t i tof
or n
ve o r ns e hi as o he S. sr c ur or he ddl s rc

Pems la i, r ungt a t sc u t yn lng rha ej rs cint he rt c s b c u e
r yv n a ag i h t hi o r ma o o e v u idito o a he a e e a s
J da hasbee t a f r d f om U SP- t a he pe t nta y i t tdi t i t How e r
or n
n r ns er e r
Lee o not r nie i r n ha sr c .
ve ,
be a e J r n w a i r er t d w ihi t sdi ti ta t tm e he t l hi pe ii n, he co t
c us o da
s nca c a e t n hi sr c t he i
i ed s tto t
ur

rti jl s ito t rviw h sp t in.S eUntdS ae v. b r 9 5F.d7 , 8(t Ci.
eans t id ci n o e e i ei o e ie tts Ga o , 0 2 6 7 5h r
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tt n, a e u idcin v r h rs n r r i u t da ' e h ss d e l; retr .
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ra v,
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m oton t ta f r
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l.

Fort r as sa e a
he e ons t t d bove, hec tdim is J da shabe pe ii and de eshi
t our s s es or n'
as tton
ni s
m oton t tans er
i or f .

EN TER : une l5,2011
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