Harden v. Clarke

Filing 20

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 09/13/2011. (kab)

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4 @ FRK: QFFI l, , GT K URT GA JB DI . AT K ANOKE, VA FI LE: IN TH E U N I D STATES DISTR I T C O U R T TE C FO R TH E W E STER N D I STRICT O F V I G I I R N A ROANOKE DI I ON V SI C LI TO N C EC I H AR D EN , N L Pettoner ii V. H A RO LD W .C LA RK E, Res pondent. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) SEP 1 2 1 01 ; J A C. L CLERK ULi EY, BY; l. D . . TY cLERK Ci lA ct on N o.7: v00192 vi i 11c M EM O M N D U M O PI I N N O By:Sam ue G .W is l l on U nied St es Di ri Judge t at st ct Pe ii r Clnt Ce lH a de a Vi gi a i t pr ee ng pr K ,f l d t s pe ii n ttone , i on ci r n, r ni mna e oc di o ie hi tto f wrtof ha s cor ,purua t 28 U. C.j 2254. Har n a g s t tt co e or i bea pus s nt o S. de r ue ha he uns l pr de i fe tve a ssanc on t e g ounds The Vigi a Supr me Cour f ovi d ne f c i s it e hr e r . r ni e t ound t to of ha ne hi tu'e i feci as itnc of c s l e ne f tve ssa e ouns l c am s f ie o is m e is unde Sti klnd v. e li al d n t rt r rc a W a hi tn,466 U. 668 ( 98 . Thi c tfndst tt sae c tsa j c ton o t s s ngo S. 1 4) s our i ha he tt our' dudiai f hi cai wa notc r r t ora unr as lm s onta y o, n e onabl a i a i of cla l e t bls d f de all w a e pplc ton , e ry sa ihe e r a nd di notr ul i a de son t twa ba e on a unr s d es t n cii ha s s d n ea onabl de e na i n oft f c s W ih e t nni to he a t . t r ga d t hi r m ani i feci a ssa e ofc e r o s e i ng ne f tve s it nc ouns c am s t s c tfnds t tHar n' el l i , hi our i ha de s cli s a e pr e aly ba r d be a e he di notr ie t m i t sa e co ta he hasnot am r oc dur l r e c us d as he n he t t ur nd d ons r t d g ounds t e us hi def ul. The ef r ,t c tgr nt r ponde ' m oton t em t a e r o xc e s a t r o e he our a s es nt s i o dlm l s ss. 1. Af e a benc t i i t A m he s Count Cic t Cour , Har n w as c c e of tr h r al n he rt y r ui t de onvi t d pos es i coc i w ih t i e t di ti e,pos e sng a fr a m w hie pos es i c a ne s s ng a ne t he nt nt o srbut s si ie r l s s ng oc i , a pos es i a fr ar a a convi t d f l The c ts nt nce H a de t a t a t r of 1 nd s s ng ie m s c e e on. our e e d r n o ot l e m 5 ye s a 6 m ont i ar e a i w ih 8 ye s a 6 m ont of t t tm e s pende H a de ar nd hs nc c r ton, t ar nd hs ha i us d. r n appeal argui t t evi ed, ng hat he dence w as i t entt s nsufici o upporthi convi i s ctons. The Courtof Appea s of V igi a de e hi a l r ni ni d s ppea . Ha den a l r ppea ed t t de a t t Supr m e Cou tof l ha ni l o he e r Vi gi a,whi h r f e hi a a . H a de t n fl d a tm el ha a pe ii i t A m he s r ni c e us d s ppe l r n he ie i y be s tton n he rt Count Cic t Cour alegi t t c y r ui t l ng ha ouns l pr de i fec i as it nc and t t t e ovi d ne f tve ssa e ha he pr e uton e ge i m i c os c i nga d n s onduc . Spe fc l H a de a l ge t tc t cii aly, r n le d ha ouns lw a i f e tve i e s ne f c i n: ()fii t rques t tt pr lmi r heai ber or d a ta ci d a ( fii t 1 alng o e t ha he ei na y rng ec de nd rns rbe nd 2) alng o fl a dicove y m oto t obt i c e of polc r po t ;a t tt pr e uton e ie s r i n o a n opi s i e e r s nd ha he os c i ngag i ed n mic nd tb k o ngy p e e tng p ru e tsi n a til Thecrui d nid h sh b a s o uc y n wi l r s ni ej r d e t y t ra. mo ic t e e i a e s pe ii n,fndi t t hi c am s ha no m e i. Ha de a tto i ng ha s l i d rt r n ppea e a t Supr me Cou tof l d nd he e r V igi a r us hi a r ni ef ed s ppea .1 H arde t n fl t i t nt f der l ha a pe ii alegi t t l n he ied he ns a e a be s tton l ng ha couns pr ded i fec i a ssa e. Spe ii ly,he al gest tco e wa i fe tve i el ovi ne f tve s it nc ctcal le ha uns l s ne f c i n fii t ( )r que tt tt prlmi r he rngber or d'( advieHade prort til alng o: 1 e s ha he ei nay ai ec de , 2) s r n, i o ra, ast t naur ofDe y Stt se ce t tmony a til a ( advieHaden,pro t o he t e put aon' xpe td esi t ra, nd 3) s r ir o t i , a t t na ur of De y A d c k' e c e t s i ony a t i . ral s o he t e put oc s xpe t d e tm t ral The c t s r ed our e v Ha den' peii upon t r s r s tton he e ponde ,a t sm atri be or t co ton r ponde ' moton nt nd hi te s f e he ur es nts i t di m i s o s s. lI. H a de c ai s t t co elpr de i f e tve a s s a e i f ii t r ues t t t r n l m ha uns ovi d ne f c i s i t nc n a lng o eq t ha he pr i na y he rng be r co de elmi r a i e r d.Ha den a guest twih a r c di oft pr lmi r he rng, r r ha t e or ng he e i na y a i t de e e c d have c os - xa i wine s s a t i lt s he f ns oul r s e m ned t s e t r a o how t tt i t s i ony w a f l e. ha he r e tm s as Th Su r me Co r o Vigni a j d c td a d rj ce ti cam,tn i t a i fi d u e e pe u t f r i a du iae n ee td h s li i dng h t t al nd r e Stikl v. W as ngt 466 U. 668 (98 . Thi cour fnds t t t sae c ts rc and hi on, S. 1 4) s t i ha he tt our' a j c ton oft scli wa conrr t ora unr s bl a i ton of cla l esa ihe dudiai hi am s tay o, n eaona e pplcai , e ry tbls d 1l r usng Ha de spetton f a alo ha asr vi , teSu rmeCo r o Vigni,i efc,ajdiae n ef i r n' ii or ppe n be e ew h pe u t f r i a n fe t du ctd Ha d n' cam o t eme i . S eY1tv Nu n ma e , 01U. 7 7 8 3 ( 9 1 ; o sv Da i,1 2F.d 4 5 r e s li n h rt e s . n e k r 5 s S. 9 , 0 1 9 ) Th ma . v s 9 3 4 , 4 3n. (t Ci.1 9 ) 5 6 4h r 9 9 . 2 f r llw a di notr ul i a de son t twa ba e o a unr as ede a a nd d es t n cii ha s s d n n e onabl de e mi to of e t r nai n t f t . Ac or ngl , t co tdim is Ha de sc am . he acs2 c di y he ur s s es r n' l i l or rt e t bls a cl i ofi f tve as it nc ofc n de o s a i h am nefec i ssa e ouns ,a ha a pe ii rm us el be s ttone t s o ta c u e ' p ro ma c wa d fce ta d t a te d tce c p eu c d hsd fns . h w h t o ns ls e f r n e s eiin n h t h ei in y rj die i ee e Sti kl nd,466 U . a 68 To es a i h d i i nt pe f rc a S. t 7. t bls efc e r onna e,a pe ii r m us de o ta e nc ttone t m ns r t t a c u s lsrp e e tto Selbeo a o jcie sa d r o r a o a e e s' I .a 6 8 h t o n e' e r s n ain t l lw n be tv tn a d f e s n bln s. d t 8 . f ' The e i a s r ng pr s pton t t a atonw y i a tng r a ona y. I a 688- To es a i h r s to e um i ha n t s c i e s bl d. t 89. t bls p eu iet h sd fn e apei o e mus d mo srt t tb tf rhsat r e se rr ,heei a rj d c o i ee s , tt n r t e n tae ha u o i to n y' ro s t r s i r as bl pr ba lt t t t out om e of t ti l w o d ha bee dif r nt l a 694. A e ona e o biiy ha he c he r a ul ve n f e e . d. t S ea onabl pr biiy' i a l obabiiy s fci nt t unde m i c i nce i t out m e. é s r e oba lt ' s s pr lt uf i e o r ne onf de n he co ' ' = l d W he e ua i c ai s of i f tve a s s a e of c n val tng l m nefec i s it nc ouns ,f r ha s r le S a el ede al bea e i f d y m be gr nt d onl i t s a e- our de s on unr s bl a i d t m or ge r l s a r f r a e y f he t t c t ci i ea ona y pple he e ne a t nda d o i fe tve- s it nc ofc ne f c i a ssa e- - ouns c am s e tbls d by Sti and el l i sa ihe rckl Knowl s v. e M iz ya e 1 S.Ct 1 1 1 9 ( ra nc , 29 . 41 , 41 2009) d rt doubl deee ilj ca rvi t t .t unde he y frnta udiil e ew ha a pist aSrc ln dam e au tdun e t e j2 5 d ()sa d r 'û th q e to (sn t p le o tik a d i v lae d r h 2 4()1 tn ad, i l e u sin i o 'g 2H aden' peii i govene by 28 U .SC.j22 4 a d c a trl 4 oft Ani ro i r s tton s r d . 5 n hje 5 he tt rrs e m ad Efet Det n fci ah ve Pe at Ac (C n l tC y AEDP '.28U. C. j2 -6 I amo t 1cru tn e, eio r u d rj2 5 mu t x a s A' ) S. j 2616 . n l s al lc msa c s p tt nes n e 2 4 s e h ut i a1aalbl sae cutrme isbeoeseigrle i fd rlcut j 2 5 (8. Wh nrviwij acam l v i e tt o r e de fr ekn eif n eea o r. 2 41 a e e e n li a jdiae o temei b asaec u t fd rlc u t yg a t b a r l fo l it esaec utal iain du c td n h rt y tt o r a e ea o r ma rn ha e s ei ny f h tt o r dudc t s e o ( )teutd i a d cso ta wa c nrr t,o iv le a u rao a l a pl ain o ,cery etbih d 1 t sle n e iin h t s o tay o r n ov d n ne s n be p i to f lal sa l e r c s Fe ea lw, sd tr n db teSu rmeCo r o teUntdSaes o ()Ge utdi ad cso ta wa b sd d r la a eemie y h pe u t f h ie tts' r 2 t s le n e iin h t s ae ' r o a u r a o b e d tr i to o t f c si l h o t e i e c p e e t d i t e sae c u t r c e i . j n n n e s na l eem nai n f he a t n i t f he v d n e r s n e n h t t o r p o e dng' j g ' 2 4 d() ( )2 .A saec ur' a j iaini c n iee c nrr t ce ryetbihe fd r la i tesae 25 ( )l, d() tt o ts dudcto s o sd rd o tay o lal sa ls d e ea lw f h tt cour ani ata c uson opposiet t tr ac by t Supr m eCo ton a q sin ofl ori t saeco t t ves oncl i t o ha e hed he e ur ue to aw f he tt ur decde a c e difr nty t n t Supr m e Cour hason a s tofm aeral i si s bl f t. W ila sv. i s as fe e l ha he e t e t ily nditnguiha e acs lim Ta lr 5 U. 3 2, 2 1 ( 0 0 .A saec u t e iinu rao a ya pl sceryetbl h dfd rl1w i vo, 29 S. 6 41 -3 2 0 ) tt o r d cso ne s n bl p i lal sa i e e ea a f e s t co ti ntfe t c r tl prnci e, unr s bl applesi t t f c s oft c e. l a 4 1 l i not he ur de i is he or ec egal i pl but ea ona y i t o he a t he as d. t 3. t s enought ta sae c tapple f der lw i r cl r i m a onl be gr t i t applcai offde a l ha tt our id e al a ncore ty; elef y y aned f he i ton e r l aw i un e o bl l at411. Fa ua de em i tonsm a by t sae c tae ipr umed t be c rct' a t s r as na e. d. ct l t r nai de he tt our r t es o ore , nd he ' peii r ha t bur n of r buti t t pr umpton of c rct s by d ea a co nci evi nc ' j ttone s he de e tng ha es i ore nes ç r nd nvi ng de e. cl ' 2 5 ()1. 2 4e() 3 whe he a f r c tbeleve t sae co ts deer i ton'unde t Stikl nd sa r t r ede al our i s he t t ur' t m na i r he rc a tnda d ( a i or ec but w he he t t de e m i ton w a um e ona e - a s t nta l hi r w s nc r t t r ha t r na i s as bl ubs a i ly ghe t es d.' I a 1 (uotng Sc io v.La i n,550 U. 465,473 ( ). S hr hol '' d. t 420 q i hrr ndrga S. 2007) d And, be a e t Stikl nd sa r i a ge r lsa r a sae cour has e c us he rc a t nda d s ne a t nda d, tt t ven mor ltt e t e a iud o r a ona y detnni t tadef ndan hasnots tsi d t sa r ' 1 e s bl e ne ha e t a ite he t nda d. d. ' Ha de c a m s t t c r n l i ha ouns pr ded i f ec i as i t nc i f ii t r ques t tt el ovi ne f tve s s a e n a lng o e t ha he pr lm i r he r ng be r c de e i na y a i e or d.H a de a gue t tw ih a r c di oft pr lm i r he rng, r n r s ha t e or ng he e i na y a i t def ns c d have c os - xami wine s a ti lt s he e e oul r se ned t s es t ra o how t tt i t tm o wa f le. ha her esi ny s a s l a j iaigt i cam o h b a r ve tesaec u tfun t a Ha d n ddn ts o t a n dudc tn h s li n a e s e iw,h tt o r o d h t r e i o h w h t (a r s t ea onabl c i i def ns a t ne w oul nec s a iy ha t pr lm i r hea i r co ded e rm nal e e tor y d e s r l ve he e i na y rng e r a tans r be ' The c t f t r f nd r c i d. ' our urhe ound t t H a de di not pr f r ç t t s i o w a ha r n d of e û wha e tm ny s pr s n e a t pr i i r he r ng t t c d ha be n us t s es f l i pea h t e e t d t he elm na y a i ha oul ve e ed o ucc s uly m c he ' 3 her t t m ne o fc r 'tilt tm ony.' R at ,he courtdeer i d, Had n wa o l tpe ultig t a t fie s ra esi r e s ny d c ag l h the s n of i r ' ti l t tm ony c d ha be n i pe c d ba e upon t r t tm ony at t fce s r a es i oul ve e m a he sd hei es i he pr i i r he rng.' The c t al o not d t t t ç ec d of t i l r a s t t c ms l elm na y a i ' our s e ha he s or r r a eve l ha ot e t r hl c os - xa i d t ofk e sa ho oug y r s e m ne he t r boutt ri tga i a a g d t t co tt tt i hei nvesi ton nd r ue o he ur ha he r i s i ton w as i qua e. Ba e on is fndi ,t sa e c tde e m i d t tH a de di nve tga i nade t ' s d ' t i ngs he t t our t r ne ha r n d no e t bls t t but f c t sa ih ha , or ouns ls f iur t ha t pr lmi r he rng r c de a e ' a l e o ve he e i na y a i e or d nd 3Thec tnotst H a de now algesi hi f der ha aspe iin w ha t tm ony wasgi n a t pr i i y our e hat r n le n s e al be tto t esi ve t he elm nar he rngby DeputesStt n a Adc k,a ar ai i a o nd oc nd gueshow t ttsi ha e tmony w a i onsse wih t tiltsi ony of s nc itnt t he ra e tm t ofi e s H o e r t scour ca he tc r . w ve , hi t nnotdee m i t is bas d on f cswhih w e enotbeor t saeha s tr ne he s ue e at c r f e he tt bea c u t Se C uln v.Pn ltr 1 S. .1 8 , 19 ( l )(ç-e fd rlh b a she la s pi r o r. e le ihose, 31 Ct 3 8 3 9 20 1 ç-h e ea a e s c me eve rmay çl rson iii wi te sae c u t.... S cin 2 5 *)rq ie t tp io r mu to dn rl e h utsae ep sbly t h tt o rs t h ' e t 2 4 e ur s ha rsnes s r iai x a s tt o y r e e bef e f lng f f de al ha em di s or ii or e r beas r i . I woul be c r r t t t pur e t a l a pe ii elef t d ont a y o ha pos o low ttoner t o overome a ad re sae-our decso wih ne e de i r c n ves tt c t iin t w vi nce ntoduce i a f r lhabe c ta r viwe by d n ede a as our nd e e d ta c u ti tefrtisa c efciey d no . (iain o te ) ûtwo dbesrn et akfd rl o rst h t o r n h is n tn e fetv l e vo' ctto mi d s ul ta g o s e ea c ut o ' t l a l ewhehe asaec u tsaj iainrs tdi ad cso ta u rao a l a pidfd rllw t fcsn t nayz t r tt o r' dudcto eul n e iin h t ne s n by p le e ea a o at o e b f r t esaec u t' Th r f r , h sc u tsd cso i r n e e wi ou c n i e ai n o t ne fcsprs n e e o e h t t o r.l e e o e t i o r' e iin s e d r d t t o sd rto f he w a t e e t d ' h i s r of t s cl m .T'e cou alo not t ti r pons t t r ponden ' m oton t dim is Hade n uppo t hi ai h rt s es ha n es e o he es ts i o s s, r n expr s y r quesst t cour notco i hi ne f t pr e e i s es l e t hat he t nsder s w ac s es nt d n uppor oft s c ai . t hi l m 4 ta c i d,t r was a r as bl pr biiy ofa dif r ntout om e a t i la t ,hi c a m r ns r be he e e ona e oba lt fe e c t r a nd, hus s l i f ie u r Sti kl nd. Thi cour tnds t t bas d on t r or be or i,t sa e c t a ld nde rc a s ti ha e he ec d f e t he t t our ra o a l c ncud d t a Ha d n dd no d mo srt p eu ieb s d o c u e ' fiu et e s n by o l e h t r e i t e n tae rj dc a e n o ns ls alr o r ue t t t t pr i i y he r ng be r or d. W ihou s itng w hi h t tm ony c ul eq s ha he elm nar a i ec de t t ubm ti c es i o d ha a s ul ha be n i pea he H a de s c ai i f r t vag a c l or t ve nd ho d ve e m c d, r n' l m s a oo ue nd onc us y o s uppor a c tt i lcai See Ni ro v.Le 971 F. 11 11 ( h Ci.1 2) t onsiutona l m. ckes n e, 2d 25, 26 4t r 99 a og td on ot g ounds by Yeat v.Angeone,1 F. 255,261 n. ( h Ci.1 ) br ae her r ts l 66 3d 2 4t r 999 . The e or t s c tf nds t t t s a e c tr as bl de e m i t f c s a r as bl r f e, hi our i ha he t t our e ona y t r ned he a t nd e ona y appled St i kl nd, t a i a e Unie St t Supr m e Cour pr ce nt i dim i s ng t s i rc a he pplc bl t d a es e t e de , n s s i hi c a m . A c or ngl t co tdi m i s sH a de sc a m . li c di y, he ur s s e r n' l i 11 1. Ha den al o c pl i t t c r s om a ns ha ouns l pr de i f e tve as i t e i f ii t a s e ovi d ne f c i s sanc n a lng o dvi e hi , i t til a t t na ur oft e c e tilt si ony ofDe is Stt a Adc k. m pror o ra , s o he t e he xpe t d ra e tm pute a on nd oc The c t fnds t t t s cl m s ar pr dur ly de a t d,a H a de ha no de onsr t d our i ha he e ai e oce a l f ule nd r n s t m t a e gr oundst e us hi de a t The e or ,t c tdi m i s t s c a m s o xc e s f ul. r f e he our s s es he e l i . t( fderlcour ma notg a awrtofha sc pust apeii i saecuso (A1 e a t y r nt i bea or o ttoner n tt tdy unl s t pe ii r hasf r te us e hi s a e r m e e by pr s ntng hi c ai s t t hi hes e s he ttone i s xha t d s t t e di s ee i s l m o he g t saec t' Ba rv.Coror 220F. 276,288( h Ci.2000) s eO' lva v.Boec l tt our. ke ' c an, 3d 4t r ; e Suli n rke, 5 U. 8 ,8 ( 999) Alhough apeii rne d notû iebook a ves on t fdeal 26 S. 38 42 1 . t ttone e lt c nd re he e r c tt i 'i o de t s ts y t e us i r quiem e ,t f der l dai ne rhe es m us ons iuton' n r r o a i f he xha ton e r nt he e a m ve t l s t be ûary pr s nt 't t sae c t Piad v.Col ,404 U. 270,278,275 ( 9 ) t il e e ed' o he tt our. c r f mer S. 1 71 (ntr lquotton maksomitdl Ba r 220 F.d a 28 Farprs ntton ma tst tt i ena ai r te ; ke, 3 t 9. i e e ai ndae ha he f de a c a m l pr e ed f ce a s r y e r l li t be es nt a up nd qua el 5 Oblque r e e e whi h hi t t a i ef r nc s c nt ha t or m a be l ki i t woodw or w ilno s fc ' M a t sv.Eva t 1 F. 907,911 he y y ur ng n he k l t ufi e. ' thew t, 05 3d ( h Ci.1 4t r 997)(ntr quotton maks o te . Raher û h t ope ai fcsa t i enal ai r mitd) t , t bot he rtve a t nd he c r lnglgalprnci e mus bepr e e t t sae c t' l (ne na quotto maks ontoli e i pls t esntd o he tt our. d. itr l ain r ' omitd) Kas v.Anceone 300 F.d 487,50102 ( h Ci.2002) Thus i sae c t t te ; i l , 3 - 4t r . , n tt our, he pe ii r i oblga e t i ntf t f r l c tt tonalr g pur t dl i rng i ntf ttone s i t d o de iy he ede a ons iu i i ht por e y nf i ed, de iy t f cst he a t houghtt s o uppor s a vi a i a t ex an how t e f t e t bls avi a i t uch olton, nd o pli hos ac s sa ih olton of hi c tt i l rght. M al v v. Smih, 27 F. 991 994 ( h Ci. 1 94) The s onsiutona i s lor t 3d , 4t r 9 . pr s n a i t t s a e c t of a s a e 1 w cl i t t i sm ia t a f der l cl i does no e e t ton o he t t our tt a a m ha s i l r o e a a m t e us t fdealcli Se Dunc nv. nr 51 U. 36 366( 995)+erc i .I t s xha t he e r am. e a He y, 3 S. 4, 1 uram) n hi c e,Har n di notpr e t e i f c i a s s a e ofco elcl m st t Supr m e Cour as de d es nt hes nef e tve s i t nc uns ai o he e t ofV igi a r ni . Ho ve,$g1cam t tha notbe n prs nt t t hi tsae c tne rhee s we r ûa li ha s e e e ed o he ghes tt our ve t ls m a be tea e as e us e i i i c ea t tt c a m w oul be pr ed a l bar e unde s a e y r td xha t d f t s l r ha he l i d oc ur ly r d r tt 1 w i t pe ii r a t m pt t pr s i t s a e c t ' Ba r 220 F. d a 288;s Gr y v. a f he ttone te ed o e ent t o t t our . ' ke , 3 t ee a Nehel 518U. 1 1 ( 98 . l Hade we et atmptt r s t s camst t t rand, S. 52, 61 1 6) f r n r o te o aie he e li o he Su e e Cour of Vi gi a now ,t t c twoul fnd t c a m s a e pr edu a l ba r d. See pr m t r ni ha our d i he l i r oc r ly r e Va Code j 8. - B)2)(eq rngha a peii r t rie a1a ia egr . 01654( ( r uii be s ttone s o as l valbl oundsf rle or eif i t rfrtsaepeii f awrtofha asc pus,j8. - A)2)(tt ha assaut of n hei is tt tton or i be or ) 01654( ( sae be tt e lmiains.Co eq nty,Hade scai aenow smula ousye useda pr ed aly i tto ) ns ue l r n' l ms r i tne l xha t nd oc ur l bar fom fde a ha r e Te uev.La 489 U. 288 297- ( 989 ;Bastev. red r e r l beas eviw. ac ne, S. , 99 1 ) et Thomps 91 F. 93 937 ( h Ci.1 ;Sparw v.Di.De t ofCo r,43 F.Supp.d on, 5 2d 2, 4t r 990) ro rs p'. r. 9 z 5 587- ( D. 2006 . 84, 88 E- Va. ) 6 A s a e pr s t t i oner ca obt i f de al ha a r vi w of a pr dur l de a t d cl i , n an e r be s e e oce aly f ule a m ho v r i hes o et r( )c us a p eu ie o ( )amic ni g o j sie Co e n v we e , f h ws i 1 a e nd rj dc r 2 he s a a e f u tc . lma . Thomps 501U. 722,750 ( 991 .To s c us apeii rmus de taet tt r on, S. 1 ) how a e, ttone t monsrt ha hee weed b e tv fco s'e tm a t h sd fns , ihi d dhi fo riighscam a a r t j cie a t r, xe l o i ee e wh c mpe e m r m asn i li t n o ' e rirsa e M u r yv. rir 4 7U. 4 8 4 8( 9 6 .To s o p eu ie apeiin rmus a l tg . ra Care , 7 S. 7 , 8 1 8 ) e h w rj dc , tto e t s how t tt alege c tt i lvi ai wor d t hi acuala s tntaldia n ag ha he l d onsiutona ol ton ke o s t nd ubsa i s dva t e, i e tng hi e ie t i w ih e r r ofa co tt i lm a t nf c i s ntr ral t r o ns iutona gniude. I a 488. The t i ca a o d. t t s ni ge f m j tc 'e epton i a nar e pton t t c us r rme . A ha speii rf l usie' xc i s row xce i o he a e equie nt bea ttone als wihi t sna t n hi now e pton i s ca de xce i f he n monsr t t ta c tt to lvi ai hastp o bl ta e ha onsiu i na ol ton tr ba y rs t 'i t c ci ofonewho i Ca t l i euled' n he onviton s lcualy nnoce 'oft s tntveofe e. J-a nt' he ubsa i fns #s t 496. l t s c e,not ng i t r or w oul r m ot y s n hi as hi n he ec d d e el uppor a c a m ofa t lim oce e a t li c ua l nc nd H a de of e s not ng t e us hi pr dur ldef t A c r ngl t c ttnds t tt s r n fr hi o xc e s oce a aul. co di y, he our i ha he e cl i sar ba r f om f r ha s r vi w , nd t r f e,di m i s s t m . am e r ed r ede al bea e e a he e or s s e he V. For t r s he ea ons s a e he ei t c t g an s r ponde ' m oton t di m i s a t t d r n, he our r t es nt s i o s s nd dimis sHaden' j2254peii s se r s tton. The C l r i di e t d t s nd a c oft s m em or ndum opi on a t a c panyi ek s r ce o e opy hi a ni nd he c om ng or rt t pa tes de o he r i . EN TER :Thi 13 h da ofSe e be ,2011 s t y pt m r . / lî , . y A .e ' .' z z . . . .# . Unie Stt Diti tJ -t d a es src udge

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