Shelton v. The Prudential Insurance Company of America

Filing 24

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 10/24/2012. (ssm)

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ai if

Ci lAci No. 11cv- 2
vi ton
7: - 0061
M EM O R AN DU M O PI O N
NI

TH E PRU DEN TI L I SUR AN CE
A N
CO M PAN Y OF A M ER I
CA

By: Ho Gl n E.
n. e Conr
ad
Chi fUnie St t sDititJ
e
t d a e src udge

De e nt
f nda .

I t sca e br
n hi s , ough pur lnn t t Em pl ye Re iem e I m e Se urt A c of 1
t s l t o he
o e tr nt nco
c iy t 974

(ç tS ' 2 U. C. j1 01 1 61 tepanifcamst a t d fn a twr ng ul
ç l A', 9 S. j 0 - 4 ,h litf li h the ee d n o fly
El
)
tr na e he l t r dia lt be ft is d unde agr lf i ur nc pln.Bot
e mi t d r ong-e m s biiy ne is s ue
r oup ie ns a e a
h

pa t sfldmoi n f rs mmayj d me t Fo t era o sstf rhb lw, o hpat s
ri ie to s o u r u g n . r h e s n e o t eo b t ri '
e
e
m otonswilbede e a t c ewilber ma ed f f rherr viw oft pli tf
i
l
nid nd he as l
e nd or u t e e
he a n ifs
e i biiy f co i
lgi lt or ntnuedbe ft .
ne is
1.

Fac ualand Pr dura Bac ound
t
oce
l kzr

Th p an if Ro ileSh lo (th 1o ', sab n fcay o al eisza c p lc (h
e litf, sae etn t et n' i e eiir f i n t n e oiy te
S
)
f
r
t a 'pr vi ngf l tr dia lt be ft is dtlo hhe e o , rc n
$ n') o di or ong-em sbiiy neis sue l ug r mplyerAme ia
Pl
r

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e ti we e vc r o ain ç ' e a s u jc o SA. e a s u d d
ç )
byAEP, ndt Pr de ilLiel u mzeCompa ofAmeia(t tde il' sr sa t
a he u nta f ns r c
ny
rc l z nta' e ve s he
pr
)
nn ed c a m s a i s r t wih f ldi c e i r a hort ove be i de e m i to .
m
l i dm nit a or t ul s r tona y ut iy r neft t r na i ns

( nitai Rec dCC 'a 1050. l acama esa ihe t theors i dia e
Admi srtve or AR' t
)
) f li nt tbls s ha
he s s bld
unde t Pl n,Pr e i pr vi a m ont y be t e ua t 60% ofa pa tc pa ' bas
r he a
ud ntal o des
hl ne k q l o
ri i nt s e

mont y pa ThePln r quie t tcli a sa y f rf de a So a Se urt be f , nd
hl y.
a e r s ha am nt ppl o e r l cil c iy nehs a
t of s t a s h be t r c ve a i tt e i s d unde t Pl n.
hen f e s ny uc ne ks e ei d ga ns hos s ue
r he a
The e a e t o di f r ntdefnii ofdi a lt unde t P1 n:
r r w
fe e
i tons
s biiy
r he a

( rn lte iiil2 mo t peid fo te d t o ds b ly,ç ia ii ' i
Du ig h nta 4- n h ro r m h ae f ia ii d s blt ' s
t d
y
d fne a a ile s o ij r t t rq rs te rgua te t n o a d l
ei d s n ln s r nu y ha e uie h e lr rame t f uy
qua ii physca a t t ma r as bl be expe t t pr ve you fom
lfed
i in nd ha
y e ona y
ced o e nt
r
pe f mi t m aera du i ofyo own oc upa i wih AEP.
ror ng he t il tes
ur
c ton t
Afe t fr t24 m ont f l ng t dae ofdia lt l s biiy'i defne as
tr he is
hs olowi he t
s biiy, i a lt ' s i d
di

a ile so ij r t t e u rst erg lrte t n o ad yq ai dp y iin
n ln s r nu y ha r q ie h e ua rame t f ul u lfe h sca
a t tm a r as bl bee
nd ha y e ona y
xpece t pr ntyou fom pe f r ng t d i of
td o eve
r
r o mi he utes
a occ pa i f whi h you a e r a ona y qua ii by you e a i tai ng
ny u ton or c
r e s bl
lfed
r duc ton, r ni
a e re . So l ng a you c i t mee t r uie e s oft s S wond xpe ince
o s
ontnue o
t he eq r m nt
hi s
t
ye rt s,' wilc i t bedia e
a e t'you l ontnue o
s bl d.

(d a 9 6)
l. t 9 .
ThePl npr vi st tcai nt mus s t y ha be n dia e f ape i of1040
a o de ha l ma s t how he ve e s bld or rod
,

ho sofr ulry shed e wo kbeor t yca be nc lci be is (4) Thi me ns
ur eg al c uld r f e he n gi ole tng neft. L. s a
t tbe t unde t So n oc upa i ' i to ofdia lt c n be pai f a m axi um
ha ne ks
r he l w
c ton' defnii n
s biiy a
d or
m

pei ofeght nmont .(d.a 996. 1oft a g nsa nce byt pa tesi t s
rod i ee
hs l t )A1 he r ume t dva d he ri n hi
ca ei veonl t t
s nvol
y he d oc upa i ' ûnii n ofdia lt
own c ton'de to
s biiy.

S etnwa e ly db AEP a açf a sDip th rl ' (d a 7 0) He j b
hl
o s mp o e y
s çr n s ac e V. L= t 3 . r o
'
r rdhe t wor t e orf t l hoz s fspe we k.(#. Exc ptf oneort da
equie r o k hre our weve tr hit r e J ) e or
wo ys

amo t S et nwoke id o spefr n tpc l fiefmcin .He f u manj b
nh, h l
o r d n o r romig y ia o tc t to s r o r i o
caego i swe else a çde kt 'û wic or rc c ng, ç ii e c,' nd ç il
t re r it d s:s s op,'ç t h de he ki ' 4 lng t .'a l e d
s
'f
f

o e v to . (Z a 7 3) Th fedo s r ainsto pa eo et t d y amo t a d
bsr ains' J t 3 . e il b e v to o k lc n o wo a s nh n
'
ca l d f drvi t fe d st s t ki not s and obs r i ot r . The fe d obs r a i
le or i ng o i l ie , a ng e ,
e v ng he s
il
e v tons
i ve sgnii a pe i dsofs a ng,s ti a w a ki A l ofhe i ofi e f nc i
nvol d i fc nt r o
t ndi itng, nd l ng. l
r n- fc u tons
r uie f e n t i tng a s de be ng oft nec a t s ic o derc c ng f nc i
eq r d r que t w si nd i - ndi
he k, nd he w t h r
he ki u ton

rq rdo c so a k eig (d a 7 4) Th j b d srp inis e b AEP lb l t p sto
e uie c a in l ne ln . l . t 3 . e o e cito su d y
a es he o i n
i
a ad e e tl wokp iin. (d) Th j b d srp inas n tst a AEP i wi igt wok
s i d n a. r osto ' I . e o e c ito lo oe h t
s
y
'
s ln o r
l
wih e o e t ma r as bl a c moda insf t ewih difc t pe f mi t i
t mpl ye s o ke e ona e c om
to or hos t fi uly ror ng her
es e ilf to ,a t te pl esma t kebr a ors f posto asne d a a l d
s nta unc i ns nd ha m oye
y a
e ks hit ii ns
ede nd lowe

frb wo kd ma d .(1)
o y r e n s Ll
Shet sls da ofwor wasAprl1 2009. Shefl d ac am f l tr dia lt
lon' a t y
k
i 4,
ie l i or ong-e m s biiy
bene sbas on s ve ene k,s de ,uppe and l rbac l a a m pa n. l he cai ,
ût ed
e r c houl r
r
owe
k, eg, nd r i n r l m
s not d t tsnc aca ac i nti 1
he e ha i e r cde n 988,s had u e g muli e s ge i ,i l i t
he
nd r one tpl ur res ncudng: wo
nec f sons t bac f i ,alm i c o y,a s ul e s g r Bas on a i ta r viw
k u i , wo k usons a ne t m nd ho d r ur e y. ed
n niil e e
c
omplt by aphyscin hie byPr de il Shet wasde edbe ft on Oc o r6,2009.
e ed
i a rd
u nta , lon
ni
ne is
t be
Pr de ilsae t tShet ha nots
u nta t td ha
lon d
ubmitd a r c dss ii a l ou lni r src i or
te ny e or pecfc ly ti ng e titons
lmia i o hera lt t wor a t tba e o herm e ca r c dsa hera lt t
i t tons n
biiy o
k, nd ha s d n
di l e or nd
biiy o

c mplt d iyl nga tvte s ewo l b a et wok f l t i as d na yj b
o ee al i
vi ciiis h ud e bl o r ul i n e e tr o .
- me
Shet n a a e t de alonDe mbe 9,2009. Th oug c ms l s s
lo ppe l d he ni
ce r
z h ot e, he ubmitd a
te
lte f o Dr Cynz Ba tsai t tShet n s f r fom sgnii a c z ni pai asar s t
e tr r m .
s khi t tng ha
lo ufe ed r i fc nt h o c n
e ul
ofne k a ba k co to .Dr Bn tsa e t the pan d a i e m itnty be ome
c nd c ndii ns . khi tt d ha r i ç y ntr te l c
m

e e ba e Shei onl a et g oom he s l a be ndt t pr ong sti sa ng,
xac r t d.
s y bl o r
r e f nd yo ha , ol ed itng, t ndi
lfi a be ng, e e ssgnik a pr e sf he .Duet t esg fca i i nt,
itng, nd ndi pr s nt i t nt oblm or r
o hes inii nt mpanne s

t pain i c i r dt tlydia e ' td a 58 ) Aspa tofisa laerviw,
he te t s onsde e oal sbld.' L= t 5.
r t ppelt e e
Pr e i ls
ud nta ubmitd Shet sfl t Dr J hn Ayr s a o t pe c s ge Dr Ayr f und
te
lon' ie o . o
e , n rho di ur on. . es o
f to li im e soft l
unci na mpar nt he umba a ce vials nea wel ast lf u re r t He
r nd r c pi s l he e t ppe xtemiy.
no ed ea h ofhe pa ts g r e ,a s a e t ts w o d be lm ie t s a ng f no m or
t
c
r s ur e i s nd t t d ha he ul
i t d o t ndi or
e
t n t hotr a atm e a f hour t t li a e ghthotrda and s d w al f rno m or
ha wo ls t i nd our
s oa n n i
l y,
houl
k o
e

t n onehoura atm ea t hour i a e gh hourday.Dr Ayr alo lsed lm ia i o
ha
t i nd wo
sn n i t
. es s it i ttons n
tc ouc ng,s ti kne lng, r wlng,c i bi orba a ng orr ac ng a be ow ora
l r hi qua t
ng, e i c a i lm ng
l nci
e hi t l
bove

l t houl rl ve ,on fe ng o e t ndi t ne k. ..The ea tvii s ul bedone
ef s de e l
l xi r x e ng he c .
s c i tes ho d

o c so al ( ny 5 3 % o t wo ks fl' (d a 5 6) Hef t n l tto o stig
c a in ly o l %- 3 f he r hit. I . t 7 .
'
omd o i ain n it
mi
n
a c l
nd oncudedt tShelon wa c pa eofwor ngf l-i a as n a y wor l l
ha
t
s a bl
ki ultme t ede t r
k eve .
Pr nta de e Shet sa a , i ngt tt r s t fo ism e c r vi
ude i l nid lon' ppe l fndi ha he e uls r m t dial e ew
a nowl dge ce t n lm ia i a r src i , t tt er src i we e i lnewih t
ck
e d rai i ttons nd e titons but ha hos e titons r n i
t he

p y ia d ma d o as d n aywo kj bs ha aTrn Dip th r1 td. t5 .
h sc l e n s f e e tr r o uc s a s s ac e V. Lza 78)
.
Shet t n fld a s c a a on M a c 9,201 She s it a he l te fom
lon he ie e ond ppe l
rh
0.
ubm ted not r e tr r

Dr Ba t i whih he satd t tShet s f r d fom muli epan i s sr lt d t he ne k
. khi, n c
t e ha
lon ufe e r
tpl i s ue ea e o r c
a ba k a had ç fiuly wih a tvii ,s h aspr o d sti sa ng,a waki
nd c nd
ç fc t t ci tes uc
di
olnge itng, t ndi nd l ng,

b n i , to i g a dlfig whihp e e t rt p riiae(i)i a ye o me t'(d a
e dng so p n , n it , c rv n he o a t p t sc n n mply n . I . t
n
c
'
5 . P u e ta a ans b te tefl t a id p n e t e rrve p y iin ti tmeaDr
61) r d n il g i u mi d h ie o n n e e d n p e e iw h sca ,h s i
t
.
Grve ,who f
i r
ound t tShet s f r d fo f nci i r nt and s dbe lm iedt
ha
lon ufe e r m u tonal mpaime s
houl
i t o
sti f rnom or t n sx hour outofa ei thourpe i wih br a a ia eeve y t
itng o
e ha i
s
n gh
rod, t e ks valbl
r wo
ho sf c ngeofposton. Dr Grve a s r co me d almia i on sa ng a wa ki
m or ha
ii
. i r lo e m nde i t ton
t ndi nd l ng
of30m i e a atmewih no mor t nt a ahafhour t t ldu i a e g nut s t i
t
e ha wo nd
l
s o a rng n i hthourda
y.

(d a 1 2 7 ) Dr Grv rn tdt ttth s r srcin wo l b p r n n a t c r ia
I . t 7 - 9. . ie oe ha d je e e tito s ud e ema e t s he e vc l
l
a l
nd umba f i nsa t c r c la l
r uso nd he e via nd umba dege r tvec ng a epe m a ntco tons.
r
ne ai ha es r r ne
ndii
The e opi o a e s
s
ni ns r uppore b t me c ls
td y he di a umm a y a not d a
r s e bove, pe fc l t lsed
s ciialy he it

M lla CT s nrs t aswela t poso r tvenoe fo Dr.Fame a Tore (il'
t nd
ca e uls
l s he tpe ai ts r m s r r nd rs sc .
'

(d.a 1 77.
I t 76- )

4

Pr de i a s a r d f a i pe n me c le mi ton wih Dr Sa
u ntal lo range or n nde nde t di a xn nai
t . muel
Thn f J y 22,201 Hedi gnos Shet wih d tlm i c omy s o eoft
mpi or ul
0.
a ed lon t E
pos n ne t
yndr m
he

c r c ls nea pos lmi t s r meoft ll rs ne. (d. t538. Hi
e via pi nd t a necomy ynd o
he tmba pi ' l a
'
) s
e m i ton not Shelon' c
xn na i
ed
t s ompl n sofnec a l rba k pan,a welastde r s
ait
k nd owe c i s l d c ea ed
sr ngt 4/ i t hi fe mus e o t rgh a de r a e s ns r f ton ofrg 13 ..
te h 5 n he p l xor cls n he i t nd c e s d e o y unc i
i ht . .
.

S rih lgr iets wa p st et 9 d g e so t erg tsd . (d a 5 5) Hec n ld d
tag t e as e t s o iv o 0 e re n h ih ie' I . t 3 .
i
'
o cu e

t tShelon woul belm ie t sti f 1 c e utvemi e a at a sti tme o f
ha
t
d i td o itng or 0 ons c i
nut s nd ot l itng i f our
hour i a e g s n n i hthourda Helm ie he sandi t fveco i
y.
i t d r t ng o i
ntnuousmi e wih aone hour
nut s t
t alf t da He a s sa e t the a lt t grp,gr s hol a pi h wih he l ta
ot or he y.
lo tt d ha r biiy o i a p, d, nd nc t r ef nn

wa lmie t n G c a in l b ss (d a 5 7 3 . . n i oet a dh d rto o
s i td o n t c so a' a i. I . t 3 - 8)Dr Th mp wr t h tç e u ain f
o
'
t
s h r titonswilbe f rt ne sx m o hsa whih tme s wilne d ar - val ton a r
uc esrci
l
o he xt i nt t c i he l e e e ua i he

o g i gpanma a e n . (d. t5 8 3 .
n o n i n g me t' 1 a 3 - 9)
'
On J l 29,201 ba e o Dr Grve ' a Dr Tha pisr viws Pr den ilgr nt
uy
0, s d n . i rs nd . m ' e e , u ta a ed
She t ss cond a a a a ove l ng-e m dia lt be ft e f c i Oc obe 1 2009.
lon' e
ppe l nd ppr d o t r s biiy ne is fe tve t r 0,

(d. t91 - 7) Th a r lte n tdta h rcam wo l b rv e da an i sxmo t st
l a 6 1 . e wa d etr oe h t e li ud e e iwe g i n i n h o
de e m i whehe s r mai d dia ed.
t r ne t r he e ne s bl
l Nove r201 Shet s itd a updae Aci te o Da l Li ng
n
mbe
0, lon ubm te n
td tviis f iy vi

Que to iei whihs saed,: c nnotsto sa f re e da unt oftme Ias
sinnar n c he tt ûI a
i r tnd o xtnde mo s i . lo
ne t a lt t 1 y down ata tmeorf e e d n
ed he biiy o a
ny i
or xt nde mount oftm eduet m y ba k.Iha
s i
o
c
ve

to bl u igmyn c t lo u ' td a 45 - 2. S rp re t t h wa a l t d ie
r u e sn
e k o o k p. L= t 8 6 ) he e o td ha s e s be o rv ,
'
prpar meas wahdihes tkeoutt ta h,a ot rt c lhous hol chors (d.a 462.
e e l, s s , a
he rs nd he ypia
e d e. l t )
l D e e be of201 Pr de i lbe n a ne r vi w ofShe t n' fl s no i t ts
n cm r
0, u nta ga
w e e
lo s ie , tng ha he
ha r ce l t de gone s ge i on he l te bow a s de . Pnz ntalr quese u t d
d e nty m r
ur res
r ef l
nd houl r
de i e
t d pda e

me c lr c dsfom Shet sphysca ,i l ng t doc or who pe f m e t es g i ,
di a e or r
lon'
iins ncudi he t s
ror d hos ur eres
D r Tor e a Dr Fn m e ,r s c i l D r Tor e s it d a M e ca Cons t ntRe e
. r nd . r r e pe tve y. . r ubm te
di l
ula
vi w

(M CR' o F b u r 4 2 1tr u h ap y iin' a ssa tnh so fc .Th fr lse n
ç
:
' n e r ay , 01 h o g h sca s s itn i i fie e o m itd o
)
r src i o he t n almi on lfi mor t n 20 pounds Spe fc l i not Shelon wa
e titons t r ha i t itng
e ha
. ciialy, t ed
t
s
notm e c ly r src e fom sti sa ng, waki a hadno uppe e r m iy
di a l e tit d r itng, tndi or l ng, nd
r xte t
m '
i l l t ed ha
t
r srcin wh to ve.(d a 3 - 0) Dr.Far ersM CR sm iary sat t tShelon wasnot
e tito s as e r l . t 697 .
r tit d fom sti sa ng, waki Dr Fn me di not s er src i on t us of
esrc e r itng, t ndi or l ng. . r r d e om e titons he e
She t suppe e t e ii s a on c ouc ng a soopi
lon'
r x r m te nd
r hi nd t ng.

Dr Ba ta s s itd aM CR i whi h hesaedt tShet c d notst sa or
. khi lo ubm te
n c
t t ha
lon oul
i, t nd,

wak f l rt n a hour e nwhe gi ns tbra f c ngeofposton.t#-a 251
l or onge ha n , ve
n ve hor e ks or ha
ii J s t -

5 . S lo smano to e it Dr J n ta Camo c e ddn t o lt aM CR b t
2) hetn' i rh p ds, . o ah n r u h , i o c mpee
u
s
ubmitd not fom hi e m i tonsofShet n.Hi not sfom a Aug t24, 0 vii
te
es r
s xn na i
lo
s e r
n
us
201 st
i c t t theha r viwe he i a ng sudi a f
ndi a e ha
d e e d r m gi t es nd oundt t$ 3- ha poorm o hol c
ha 1 4 d
p ogi
a
ppea a e, a t r w a c or ntpa n a L3- I hi r co m e ton, not d t the
r nc ' nd he e s onc da
'
i t 4. n s e m nda i he e ha

wa nots et ttsa lzai a de ompr s i a L3- '
s
ur ha tt bii ton nd c
e son t 4'woul be e
d
nough,a t ti
nd ha f
Shet ss
lon' ympt spe sse hewo d rvii whehe t r c
om
r it d,
ul e st t r o e omm e amuli elve f i
nd
tpl e l uson.

(d. t264. Themos rce vii wihDr Cn mo hea a st havebe nonNove r2,
L= a
)
t e nt st t . r uc ppe r o
e
mbe
201 a t no e fo t te m saet tShet co i d t c pli ofl rba k pa n
0, nd he t s r m ha xn t t ha
lon ntnue o om a n owe c i

a e re edE ni lmodeaerle wihrco ndedte t nt. (d. t260- .
nd xpe inc s ma,
mi
rt eif t e mme
r ame s' I a
'
61)
Ba e on t e m , . r o hei r s d Shelon' pan me c ton lvelbutr commende
s d he xa Dr Ca m uc nc ea e
t s i di ai e
e
d
alow i herm or tm e t r c r fom herr c ntdi c c o y be or tyi a t r s gi al
l ng
e i o e ove r
ee
s e tm
f e r ng no he ur c

pr ce e.(d.
o dur I )

OnM ac 11 2 1 Pr d nile miae S etn' l n -em dsbi t b n t .(d a
rh , 01 , u e ta tr n td h l s o gtr ia l y e eks I . t
o
i
9 0) P u e ta ' lte n tdt a i h drve dalh a dto lnfr to s b t dsn e
0 . r d n ils etr o e h tt a e iwe lte d iina i o mai n u mit i c
e
t g antofbe isi J y 201 a ha de e mi d t tShet n wa no l rdia e fom
he r
neft n ul
0, nd d t r ne ha
lo
s onge s bld r

pef r nghe s d n yj b.(d) W i r s e t oDr Ba hi' o iint tS et nwa
ro mi r e e Or o L= t e p c t . k ts pno ha h lo s
h
una et stf mo et nanho durngt c s ofasngl da Pr nta wr et tGgl i
bl o i or r ha
ur i he oure
i e y, ude il ot ha çit s

n tce rwh y uh v (u hlmie )c p ct . . Th r aen u d tdo fc noe icu d
o la y o a e s c i td a a i . . ee r o p ae fie ts n lde
y

wi ( . k i')c p ct q e t n ar . (d)
t Dr Bn hts a a i u si n ie' l .
h
y
o
'
Shelon a aed Pr nta ' de i i onM a c 17, 1.AtPm de i ' r q s,Dr
t ppe l
ude ils c son
r h 201
ntals e ue t .
Andr Zot va c
ea o s onduced ar vi ofShet n' fl a par oft a a pr s .Ahe
t
e ew
lo s ie s t he ppe l oce s
r
r e ng Shelon' s it d me c lr or ,ncudi M RIa CT s n r s t fom 2009
eviwi
t s ubm te
di a ec ds i l ng
nd
ca e uls r
a 201 Dr Zo ovasf md t tShelon ha s m ef nci na i i nt ,i udi i biiy
nd 0, . t
ot ha
t
d o
u to l mpanne s ncl ng na lt
t t s,be orsoop, t o y oc a i lc ouc ng,s ti kneei a c a i Dr
o wit nd, t wih nl c sona r hi qua tng,
lng, nd r wlng. .
Zo ova a s i c t d t ti he opi on,She t ha no r s c i o sti Dr Zot vas
t s lo ndia e ha n r ni
lon d
e kitons n itng. . o
f rhe saed,howe r t tShelon c d sand f onl t holr a atme a f at a of
u t r tt
ve , ha
t oul t or y wo zs t i nd or ot l
f l hotr i a eghthourda and c d wak f onl o houra atm ea f at t lo t
otr zs n n i
y,
oul l or y ne
t i nd or o a f wo

h u si a eg t o rda (d. t7 ) W i r s e toDr Ba htscamst tSh lo s fee
o r n n ih h u y. l a 2. t e p c t . k i' li ha etn u frd
h
sg fc nty gr a e lm ia i , . ovaswr t t tDr Ba tha noti l
i ni a l e t r i t tons Dr Zot
o e ha . khi d
ncudedany

o j cieme ia rs lsi s p o t fh ssae r srcin .
b e tv dc l e ut n u p r o i ttd etito s
Shet sfrta alwasde e f l wi Dr Zot s'r por.Shet n fld as ond
lon' is ppe
nid olo ng . ova e t
lo ie ec
l ve a ala Pr nta s
e l ppe nd ude i l ubmitd he r c dst Dr Sa W enga tn,
te r e or o . ul i re who fl ar por on
ied e t
A ugus 9,2011 Dr W e nga t n f
t
. . i r e ound t tt m uli e s gi alpr e eson She t ss ne
ha he tpl ur c
oc dur
lon' pi

a s derw ar n e s emi f ndi llmiai ns Hef undt tShet c d lf t
nd houl
r a t d om
nor u ona i t to .
o
ha
lon oul it o
s de l ve 1 pounds fe
houl r e l 0
r quenty a 15 pounds o a i ly,a t ts s d no be
l nd
cc s ona l nd ha he houl t nd,

t s, n e, rs u t (d. t2 . Hef u dn rsrcin wihrs c t stig s lnga s e
witk e lo q a. I a 9) o n o etito s t epe t o it , o o s h
n
c d t ke s t ea f c nge ofpos to butt tShe t n w asr s rc ed t t o ho sof
oul a hor br ks or ha
ii n,
ha
lo
e ti t o w
ur

c e utvesa ngwihhal hourbr a .(d. Dr W enga tndic s Dr Bn ts
ons c i tndi t f
e ks 1 ) . i re sused . khi'

s g etdlmiain b t l eDr Zoo a , imis dte a t u sa tae b o j cie
u g se i tto s u ,i . tv s d s se h m s ms b tn itd y b e tv
k
me ia rc r .(d a 3 . Dr W en atnwr t t th mo ersrciel tto we e
dc l e o ds I . t 0) . ig re oe ha te r e titv i ains r
mi
pr bl t r s tofShet s l-e tng lvel ofpai t twe e i onsse wih he
oba y he e ul
lon efr pori e s
n ha r nc it nt t r
m edi alr c ds
c e or .
Folow i r ce ptofDr W ei re sr por , de talde ed Shelon' fna a a o
l ng e i
. nga t n' e t Pnl n i ni
t s i l ppe l n

Aug s 26 20 1 ( =a 8 9) P u e ta' lte noe ta S et nh dt e g n n meo s
u t , 1 . J .t 7 . r d n ils etr td h t h lo a md r o e u r u
#
s ge i butt the e m i tonsdi notr a sgnii a a r aii , nd t the
ur res
ha r xn na i
d
eve l i fc nt bno m ltes a ha r

s j ciec mpanso panween ts p o tdb da n tce ie c .( = Pr d nil o n
ube tv o lit f i r o u p re y ig osi vd n e J ) u e ta f u d
#
t ta t
ha lhoug a num be ofdoc or had s
h
r
t s
ugge t d s e f tona lm ia i , he e ç oul not
s e om unc i l i t tons t s ç d
w

pr ve Ms Shelo fom pel mi (he maera a s tnta dute ofhe own
e nt . tn r
rbr ng t ) t il nd ubsa il is
r

o c p to '(d. S et nte fldt scvl cin.
c u ain. I ) h lo h n ie hi iia t
'
o
II.

D i cus on
s si
A.

St
andard ofR evi w
e

A co tr vi w s a pl n a i s r t ' d i i i m a ng e i biiy de e m i tonsf r
ur e e
a dm nit a or s ec son n ki lgi lt t r na i
o

bene i a i son a a eofdic e i sa r Fie t Tie& Rubbe Co. Br c 489 U.
fcire
n bus
s r ton t nda d. r sone r
r v. u h,
S.

1 ,1 5( 9 9 ; il msv. to ola LieI s Co.6 9F.d6 2, 2 - 0( t Ci. 01 )
01 1 1 8 ) W ln
i
Merp i n f n . , 0 3 2 6 9 3 4h r 2 0 .
t
1 A)c u t l n td s btea miitao ' d cso a ln a i i o j cieyr a o a e
i o r wil o it h d n sr trs e iin s o g s t s b e tv l e s n bl,
(
ur
eve i t c t oul have r ac d a dif r ntc l i n. W i ba ce v. be t Lie
n f he our w d
e he
f e e onc us o ' ne r r Li r y f
'

Astrnc Co. Boson,571F.Supp.2d71 722( . Va. 08 ( tngDoev. oup
sla e of t
9, W D. 20 ) cii
Gr
Hos t i ton& M e Ser .3F. 80,85( h Ci.1
pialzai
d vs, 3d
4t r 993:.t( na nitao ' de ii i
$A) dmi srtrs cson s

r s na e i i i t r s tofadei r t prncpl r s ni pr e sand i i i s
ea o bl f t s he e ul
lbe ae, i i ed ea o ng oc s
f t s uppore by
td

s tnta e de e. Eva v. t Cop .
ubsa il vi nc ' ns Eaon
'
LongTem Dia lt Pln,51 F.d31 322(t
r sbiiy a 4 3 5, 4h
Ci.2008 .Subsa tale denc i e d nc t tç r s ngmi wo da ce ass t e t
r
)
tni vi e s vie e ha t eaoni nd ul c pt ufkint o
a
s
uppor apatculrc ncuson gndjco it ofmor t namees i il ofe de ebutma
t ri a o l i a
nsss
e ha
r cntla vi nc
y
be s e tl s t n apr ponde a .'Le e ev.W e tnchous El c.Cor ,747 F. 1 7,
om wha e s ha
e
r nce'
br
si
e e
p.
2d 9

208( h Ci.1 .
4t r 984)
The Fourh Cic tha ide ii ei none l i f cor t tac tma co i r'
t r ui s t ntfed ght
i
xc usve a t s ha our y nsde '

i dee m i ng whe he apl n a nitaora e isdic e i i de ng abe kscai .
n tr ni
t r a dmi sr t bus d t s r ton n nyi
net l m
Thos f t sa e:
e ac or r

( )The lng
1
a uage oft pln;()The pur e a goas oft pln;( The
he a 2
pos nd l he a 3)
a ua y of t m a e il c i r d t ma t d ii a t d e t
deq c
he t ra s onsde e o ke he ec son nd he egr e o

whc t e s p o tt ()W h te ted cso - k n p o e swa r a o e a d
ih h y u p r i; 4 eh r h e iin ma i g r c s s e s n d n
p i ild ()W h t rt d cso c mp rswih ohe p o iin i te pa
rncp e ; 5 ehe he e iin o o t t t r r v so s n h ln
a d wih e rir itmrtto s o te pln () W h te te d cso wa
n t a l n e eain f h a ; 6
e
eh r h e iin s
c n itn wih t e p o e u a a d s b fnie rq ie ns o ERI A; ( )
o sse t t h r c d r l n u sa t e urme t f S 7
v
An e tr a sa d r rlv n t t e e ecs o d s rto a d ( ) Th
y x en l tn a d ee a t o h x rie f icein; n 8 e
A d i sr t ' m otve o a c nf i t o i e e ti m a ha
m ni t a ors i s r ny o lc s f nt r s t y ve.

Ch mpinv Blc & De k r( S..n .5 0F.d3 3, 58( t Ci. 0 8 (u tn 80 t , 01
n o . ak
c e U. ) lc, 5 3 5 3 4h r 2 0 ) q o ic 0h 2
F. a 342- .W he t pl a mi srt meel o ree t opeai oft plna
3d t 43)
n he an d nitaor r y ves s he rton he a nd
ma selgi lt de e mi to ,butdoe no f t pln,hec lc ofi e es f t i not
ke i biiy t r nai ns
s t und he a t onti t ntr t acor s

i lc td.M er LieI . . . e n 1 S. . 3 3 2 4 - 0( 0 ) l ti c s ,h p a
mp iae
to f ns Co v Gln , 28 Ct2 4 , 3 8 5 2 08 . n h s a e te ln
i fmde e iey by AEP,notPr nta,a s t r i no potnta c l c ofi e e t
s t d ntr l
ude i l nd o he e s
e il ontit nt r s .
Fi ly,i i t pl ntf sbur e t s w t theo s i diabld unde t be ft
nal t s he ai if
d n o ho ha
r he s s e
r he ne is

pln.Elitv SaaLe Co p,1 0F.d6 , 0 (t Ci.1 9 )(Th b r e o p o i t
a lo . r e r . 9 3 01 6 5 4h r 9 9 t e u d n f r vng he
(
dia lt i ont e oye ' ;s eas Thomasv. bet LieAs.Co.ofBoson, F.
s biiy s he mpl e.) e lo
'
Li ry f s
t 226
Supp. 7 744( Md. 2)(t r(hepln) i i t cai ntsbur nt pr s n
2d 35, D. 200 û
unde t a ,t s he l ma ' de o e e t
c tntpr ofhi coni dia lt '
ompee oof s tnued s biiy.).

B.

Anal i
yss

Ha ng l d outt r lva tmedia e de e a t sa r ofr viw t sco tmus
vi ai
he ee n
c l vi nc nd he tndad e e hi ur
t
empl i e l tng Shelon' ca m,t co tno c i r whehe Pr nta abus d is
oy n vauai
t s li he ur w onsde s
t r ude il
e t
dic e i i t r nai Shet sbe ft unde t t
s r ton n e mi tng lon' ne is
r he t oc upa i ' i ton ofdia lt
own c ton'defnii
s biiy.

S l na g st a Pr d n ilfi dt p o ryc n ie tea ta j brq ie nsof h
het rue h t u e ta al o r pel o sd r h cu lo e u rme t t e
o
e
Tr nsDipac rI poston.W he c i rngt s
a
s t he V
ii
n onsde i he ç oc upa i ' t ndar f dia lt
own c ton'sa d or s biiy

plns c u t s o l b gnb r ve n tee ly e s o d srpt n.S eGre v. la c
a , o rs h ud e i y e iwig h mpo e ' j b e ci i e e ne Rein e
o
StndadLieI .Co.200 W L 263441 * ( . Va.Oc. 20 C: he ma nga
a r f ns , 4
6, 2 W D.
t26, 04) W n ki n
ei biiy de e mi to und ra ERI c r polc apln fducir mus us a
lgi lt t r nai n e n
SA ove ed iy, a i a y
t e n

Sb e tv l ra o a l'd s rp ino t ei u e so c p to wh c icu e d te
o j ciey e s n b e e cito f h ns rd' c u ain ih n l d s u is
c mp rb et t o ea t l pef n db teis rd. Hee AEP'j b d s rp insae
o aa l o h s cual ro ne y h n u e ' r , S o e cito tts
y
).
t theTrnsDipac rI po iini aç e e tr p sto b s do (h )Dito ayo
ha t a s the V sto s ç d n ay o iin ae n te cin r f
s
Oc u to l te sPh sc l ma dCh rceitc o W ok. (d a 7 2 .Th j b
c paina Ti ' y ia De n aa trsis f r ' I . t 3 ) e o
l
'
de crpton i caest tr
s i i ndi t ha oughl ei t pe c ntoft wo k pe f me i t ca ofi ewor
y gh y r e
he r ror d s ypi l fc
k

t a wo l o dnai b c mpee whl sae .(4)
h t ud r i rl e o ltd i e t d La
y
e
Shelon' qua r lwih Pr de ilsc r ce ia i oft poston i t tPr de il
t s re t u nta ' ha a trz ton he ii s ha u nta
i e t oneort fed obs r a i t tdipac r a e e c e t pe f r e c mon h.
gnor s he
wo i l
e v tons ha s the s r xpe t d o r o m a h
t

Thefedo s r ai n i ld d ii gt j bstsa dte s e dngt erman e o t d y
il b ev to s ncu e rv n o o i n h n p n i h e id r fhe a
e
sa ig stig a dwak n , iepef r n v ro ts aomdtest .Th j b
tndn , it , n li g whl ro mig a ius a ks r l h ie e o
n
des rpton lsst tme s ntsa ng a wal ng durng t obs r a i a çfeq nt'whi h
c i i it he i pe t ndi nd ki
i he e v ton s ir ue ' c

i de ci da bewe n 34- % oft t a tmepef mi t ts (d.a 733. I at ve
s s rbe s t e 66
he otl i
ror ng he a k. I t ) n wel
hourda e a ou i f drvi tm e, hi c d po e i ly n ountt a m uc mss ve
y, ven cc ntng or i ng i t s oul t nta l m
o s
h
e n
hour ofw al ng pershit
s
ki
f.

Pr de ilne rs c fc ly a e s why i bei d Shelon woul bea et pero m
u nta ve pe ii a l ddr s ed
t leve
t
d
bl o f r

t sp r o h r o u d rt rsrcin i o e b t d co swh e n ne he fls
hi a t f e j b n e he etito s mp s d y he o tr o x mi d r iei l ngt Dr .W e nga tnand Zot s who we ehie byPr de il Shelon' ma n
ncudi wo, s i re
ova ,
r rd
u nta .
t s i
te tngphysc a Dr Bnk t r peaedl i c t d t thedi notbele Shet n c ul pe f m
r ai
ii n, . hi, e t y ndia e ha
d
ive lo o d ror

a yof e e sn ilo f n o s mu hls t esa d n a dwakn a s cae wi t fed
n h r se ta j b u din , c e s h tn i g n l ig so itd t he il
h
obs r a i .Addii l Dr Grve ' a Dr Tha ' lmiai on sa ngwe e mor
e v tons
tonaly, . i rs nd . mpis i t tons t ndi
r
e

r ti tvet t physca de a r quie byt posto W hie i i tu t tDr Fa me
esrc i han he
i l m nds e r d he iin.
l t s r e ha . r r
a Dr Tore bo h sa e t tShelon ha no r src i o sti orsa ng, he prm a iy
nd . r t t t d ha
t
d
e titons n itng t ndi t y i rl
te t Shelo f he s ul ra ebow c tons a woul ha had ls f miirt wih
r aed
t n or r ho de nd l
ondii , nd
d ve
e s a la iy t
t ba k is t twe ea t he tofShelon' al ge dia lt
he c s ues ha r t he ar
t s le d s biiy.
I i al o t ue t tt e i no t r tng phys c an r e ' n ERI c es a t tpl
t s s r ha her s t ea i
t
i i ul ' i
SA as , nd ha an

a i sr or a enotr r d t ( c or s c a weghtt t opi o ofa ca ma '
dm nitat s r
equie o G c d pe i l i o he ni ns
a
li nts

p y iin' Blc & De k rDia l yPlnv No d 5 8U.. 2 , 3 ( 0 ) Ho v r t
h sca . a k
'
c e sbit a . r , 3 S 8 2 8 4 20 3 . we e,wo
i
oft d t sr t ne by Pr ntalt e l t Shelon' a a slse r tito on sa ng
he oc or eai d
ude i o vaua e
t s ppe l it d esrci ns tndi
a waki t ta ea oddswiht fe d o e v ton r quie e s Asadd e s d abo ,Dr
nd l ng ha r t
t he il bs r a i e r m nt .
r se
ve .
Zot 'r po ti c t st tShet c d sa f ro yt ho sa atm ea f at t of
ovas e r ndi a e ha
lon oul t nd o nl wo ur t i nd or o al
f urho si a e g hourda a c d w a k f onl one houra a tm e a f a t t oft
o
ur n n i ht
y, nd oul l or y
t i nd or o al wo

holsi a eg th u da .( a 7 . Lie s, . en a tnsae t a S etnwa
t n n ih o r y AR t 2) k wie Dr W ig re ttd h t h l
r
o s
lm iedt t hotr ofsa ng a atme, t t ne d f ha fhol br ksi bewe n e c
i t o wo ls tndi t i wih he e or l tr ea n t e a h

pei (d. t29. Eve crdii Pr de ilsdocor ove Shelon',idoesnota a t t
rod. 1 a ) n e tng u nta' t s r t s t
ppe r ha
Shet woul bea et pef m t r uie nt oft fedobs r ai a stfrhi t j
lon
d bl o ror he eq rme s he il e v tons s e o t n he ob
descrpton.
i i

11

Pr de ilsl ter t Shelon di nota quae y e a nwhy i bei ve Shet was
u nta ' e t s o
t d
de t l xpli
t le d lon
una et pe f m t fe d o e v tons Pr de i lstna lte t Shet de ng he s ond
bl o ror he il bs r a i . u nta ' i l e tr o lon nyi
r ec

a pe la d e s st es d n ayape t o h r o , u ma e n me to of h waknga d
p a d rse h e e tr s cs f e j b b t k s o nin t e li n
sa ngr uie t oft fel obsr ai .( a 881)I do not howe r a e st
tndi eq rmens he i d e v tons AR t . t es , ve, ddrs he
a bul t y r qui e e soft pos ton, r psbe us e n t doct s hie by Pr nta
m a or e r m nt
he ii pe ha
ca e ve he
or r d
ude i l

i s dlmiai n o S etn' c pa iista weemo er s ci ta wh ttej b
mpo e i tto s n h lo s a cte h t r r e lit h n a h o
ve
de nd
ma ed.
Afe r viw oft a nitai r c d a t pa tes bref,t c tfndst t
tr e e
he dmi sr tve e or nd he ri ' i s he our i ha
She t w a diabl d t de t Pl n' E
lon s s e m r he a s û occ pa i 'de i ton ofdi a lt bas o he
own u ton' fnii
s biiy ed n r

ia i t t e g g i he j ba a t al pefr d Th c u t u te d tr ne t a
n bl y o n a e n r o s cu l ro me . e o r frh r ee mi s h t
i
y
Pr de ilsf iur t c i rt n
u nta ' a l e o onsde he mbult yr r me so t poston, wela isf iur
a or equie nt f he ii as l s t al e
t i or Shet why t me c lopi onslmii he c pact t sa a wak woul not
o nf m
lon
he di a ni i tng r a iy o t nd nd l
d
pr ven he fom peror i t fe d o e v tons n mtd t a a e ofisdic e i as
e t rr
f m ng he l l bs r a i , mot e o n bus
t s r ton
cl i sad i s r t . H a ng dec di t tShe t n w a di a e f om herr gul rocc ton
am
m nit a or
vi
i ng ha
lo
s s bl d r
e a
upa i

bas ont tel obs r a i r quie e ,t c ttndsi ur e s r t go i o a g eaer
ed he i d e v ton e r m nt he our i t mec s a y o nt ny r t

a ay i o P u e ta ' d tr n to sr g ri gS etn' a i t t p ro m ter s o h r o
n lss f r d n ils eemiain e a dn h l s bl y o ef r h e t f e j b
o
i
fmc i ,orhers usunde t m or rg ousi ry oc upaton'defnii ofdia lt I
t tons
tt
r he e i or s l c i '
a
ton
s biiy. t
does howe r bec
,
ve , omene es a y t a e st pr rr medy f t c t o i plm e t
c s r o ddr s he ope e
or he our t m e n .
Thi c e i s e tunus li t t cam a ' a gume sbef et c ta es
s as s om wha
ua n hat he li nts r
nt or he our ddr s
onl whehe s i dia edund rt ç
y
t r he s s bl
e he t oc upa i 'snnda d,e nt
own c ton' f r ve hough i i und s e
t s iput d
t tt c a m a ha r ei d t m a m um n ot ofbe ft elg bl t he unde t 2
ha he l i nt s ec ve he xi
m mt
ne is i i e o r
r he 4m ont perod a i a e t t td i ton.A s p e ousy s a e w he t 1 040 hou
h i pplc bl o ha efnii
r vi l t t d, n he ,
r
e i i t o perod i c i r t l s a c a m a c n r c ve be i sunde t town
lm na i n i s ons de ed, he onge t l i nt a e ei
neft
r he t

1
2

oc upa i 'snnda d i e g e n mont .Pr entalsi ta gr ntofbe ft t Shelon on J y
c ton' f r s i ht e
hs ud i ' nii l a
ne is o
t
ul
29, 0 r t oa tve y a a de be t e f c i O c obe 1 2009. Pr den i ' d i i t
201 e r c i l w r d ne ks f e tve t r 0,
u tals ec son o
t r i t Shelon' be is wasm a on M a c 11 2011, t t r i ton w a note f c i
e m na e
t s neft
de
rh ,
but he e m na i
s
f e tve

untlAprl1 201l - xa ty e g e n mont fom t d t be iswe efr tgr nt d.Asa
i
i 0,
--e c l i ht e
hs r he a e neft r is a e
r ul,Shet i no e il d t ar toaci a r ofbe ft ba e on t ç
es t lon s t ntte o er tve wa d
neis s d he t oc upa i '
own c ton'
dei ton ofdia lt
fnii
s biiy.
I t d,t pr perc s i f t c t or m a t ca et t pln a nitaorf
nsea he o
our e s or he our t e nd he s o he a dmi sr t or
a dee na i ofShet selgbiiy und t t ly occ pai n'd i ton.I i cla fom
tnni ton
lon' i i lt
er he é '
al
u to ' efnii
ts er r
Pr de i l sdeni ll te st tPr de i lo y co i r d Shelon' c ai unde t ç n
u nta '
a e t r ha u nta nl ns de e
t s lm
r he '
ow

oc u ain' tnd r o ds b ly.( a 8 1 ( oigt a S et n%eanld tef n to a
c p to 'sa ad f ia ii AR t 8 ) n tn h t h l ç ti e ) h u cin l
t
o r
ca ciy t pe f m s de a y wor a tvii asr quiedf he r g a oc
pa t o ror e nt r
k c i tes e r or r e ulr cupai a aTr ns
ton s a

Dipac rI '.Ass h,Pr nta hasnotye c i r dwhehe Shet i eii ef
s the V'
)
uc ude il
t onsde e
t r lon s lgbl or
be f t unde t ç ny oc upa i n' s a r I s h a c s t c r c c s ofa ton i t
ne is
r he t
a
c to ' t nda d. n uc
a e, he or e t our e c i s o
r m a t c ai a ' a i a i t t pl n a i sr t f r a de i i n a yi t
e nd he l m nt s pplc ton o he a dm ni ta or o
c s o ppl ng he

a p o raesa d r Se Pa o ihv. o d pr S r ie sn .5 5F.d6 , 0 - 7( t Ci.
p r p it tn ad. e k vc Br a s ie e vc s I c, 3 3 01 6 6 0 7h r
2 0 )( o dngt a be a eth PlnAc n sr trddn t su a yd cso o g e
0 8 h l i h t c us t e a l itao i o is e n e iin n t
t
mi
h
cama 'lelgi lt f rdia lt be ft unde t çnyoc upai sa r 'ilf t
li nts i biiy o sbiiy neis r he a
c ton' tndady t e the
'

dititc r wihnot ngt rviw, ndrma wa a oprae ;s as Se nv.FM C
src ou t t hi o e e a e nd s ppr it) ee lo ma

Co p. trme t a frHo rvEmplve s 3 4F.d7 8 7 3(t Ci. 0 3 (W h n apln
r Reie n Pln o u l
o e , 3 3 2 , 3 8h r 2 0 ) E e
ç
a
a i sr orf ist r nde a d ii whas ve on apa tcpantsa plc ton f rbene is i
dm nitat a l o e r ny ec son
toe r
rii ' p i a i o
ft ,t
l vest c t wih not ngt r vi unde a sa r ofr vi w,s t mat rmus be s nt
ea he ours t hi o e ew
r ny tnda d e e o he te
t e

ba kt t a nitao f adecson. La nov. er ia LieI .Co.NoCV 08c o he dmi srtr or
ii ' vi M topoltn f ns ,
);
291 201 W L 23 7,*1 ( D.Ca. a 1 201 )(tBl a eM elieha ne rhada
0, 0
481 3 C. lJ n. 3, 0 Eg ec us twf s ve
n
13

opporuniy t de i Pl i ifsca eunde t çny oc upaton'sn r Pl i ifsr s f r
t t o cde antf' s
r he a
c i fnda d, antf eque t o

çn o c p to b n t i n ta a p o raes be to t i a to .ThsCo r i n t h p o r
a y c u ain' e eks s o n p r p it u j c f hs cin i u t s o t e rpe
f m t s bmi a ç ny oc upai c am i t fr ti t nc Re a i pr rwih r pe tt
onz o u t n a
c ton' l i n he is nsa e. m nd s ope t es c o

t çnyocc pai sn r ' Ac or ngy,hec twilrma Shet sa i tont
he a
u ton' fndad.
). c di l t our l e nd lon' pplcai o
Pnz nta f ra de e m i ton ofhe e i biiy s a ust de t ( ny oc upa i n' de i ton of
de i l o
t r na i
r lgi lt t t m r he l
a
c to ' fnii
di a lt
s biiy.
11
1.

C oncl i
us on

Fort r as sa e a
he e ons t t d bove t c tc l st tPr nta a e isdic ei n i
, he our onc ude ha ude i l bus d t s r to n
t m i tng Shet sbe ft unde t ç
er na i
lon' ne is
r he s occ pai 'd i ton. Thepa tes motonsf
own u ton' efnii
ri ' i or

s mma yj d me t lb d ne a dt c s wil rma d dt P u nil o f rh r
u r u g n wil e e id, n he a e lbe e n e o r de ta f r u te
a i s r tve pr e ngs The Cl r i die t d t s nd c ri i d co e oft sm e or ndum
dm ni ta i
oce di .
e k s r c e o e e tfe pi s hi m a

o ni andt a ompan ng or rt a lc elofr c d.
pi on
he cc
yi
de o l ouns
e or

t r 2.
EN TER : Thi gt.da ofocobe , 201
s l y

Chi U nie St t D i ti tJ e
ef t d a es s rc udg

1
4