Peyton v. Clark

Filing 21

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 08/06/2013. (kab)

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I TH E U NI
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TED STATES DISTR I T C O UR T
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( b)rviw i cme t;( c rvlw t eive tg to a c l fc win s s ( d rviw fc s
2. e e ndit n s 2.) e e h n sia in nd al a t tese ; 2.) e e a t
s po t ad bl j op r ycli a ( e pr p r atilsrtgy.
up ri
ng ou e e a d am; nd 2.) e a e ra tae
6

r i .l i wel e t bls d t rCule howe , ha t sc t i r ol ng Peyt sf de a
elef t s l sa ihe mde
ln,
ver t t hi our, n es vi
on' e r l
c ai s c n c i ronl i or ton t twa a s pr e e t t sa eha a c t5 1 S.
l m , a onsde
y nf ma i ha s lo es nt d o he tt be s our. 31

Ct a 1
. t 399. The ef e Pe on' ne y as e t a lga i i s por ofhi cli sa
r or , yt s wl s red le tons n up t
s am bout
c ms lsi f c i nes durng t i tgai a ti lar pr edur ly ba r d fo f de a
ot e ' nefe tve s i he nvesi ton nd ra e oc al re r m e r l
CeVIeW .

Pe on di notpr s ntt t sa ecour hi c r ntCl i 3, s ri i f c i
yt d
e e o he tt
t s ure
am as e tng nefe tve

a ssa c b a p l t c t e, o Cli 4, se t gt a c t e fie t o j c t t u eo
s itn e y p el e o ms l r am a s ri h t oms l ald o b e t o he s f
a
6
n
p ru e t si n Pe o ddalg i hssaepeio t a t eCo n at h d
ej r d e tmo y. ytn i le e n i tt t in h t h mmo we 1h a
t

k o n l p e e tdp rt e tsi n b th d dn tsaeacam b f r t esaec u th t
n wigy r sn e ejl d e tmo y, u e i o tt li eo e h tt o r ta
r
hi ow' couns lwa i f tvei t sr ga d.Ac r i y,Cl i s3 an 4 a eunexha td. I
s n
e s nefeci n hi e r
co d ngl am
d r
use f
Peyt now r t r t sa eco twih t eha scli , he sa eco twoul dim ist m
on
e u ned o tt ur t hes bea a ms t tt ur
d s s he

unde Va.
r CodeAnn.j8. - 4( ( ,be us Pe onkne t fcsi s
0165 B)2) ca e yt
w he a t n uppor oft camsa
t he li t
t tme hefl d hi fr tsaehabe spe ii .7 Be aus t cli woul now bepr ed al
he i
ie s is t t
a tton
c e he a ms
d
oc ur ly
ba r d fom sae r vi t y a e a s pr e al ba r d fom r viw i f de alco t a e a
re '
r t t e ew, he r lo oc dur ly re r e e n e r ur, bs nt

5Pe ona srst tteifr to n wl rie i hi fd rl tto o teaj c tdcl ms
yt set ha h nomain e y asd n s e ea peiin n h dudiae ai
may be c i ed,asi wasi t W ila scas 529 U . 420. I Culen,howeve ,t Supr Court
onsder
t
n he lim
e.
S.
n l
r he
eme

rj ce t sa g n , i i t tW ila wa ditn iha e t camso whihW ila s ug a
e e td hi r ume t fndng ha lims s sigu s bl;he li n c lims o ht
h aigu e j2 4( 2 ha no benaj iae b tesaec ura d,a t s o t s cams
e rn nd r 25 $4) d t e dudctd y h tt o t n s o ome f hee li ,
W ila ss
lim howed t he coul nothavede oped t f t ofhi cl m seari wih due dii
hat
d
vel
he ac s
s ai
ler t
lgence.

Cule ,1 lS. . t1 99 1 ( ii W ila 5l U. a 44 .Pe onha n td monsrt da y
ln 3 Ct a 3 - 400 ctng lims 9 S. t 4) yt s o e tae n
r on t he coul nothavepr e ed al ofhi f st t sa ehabeascour.
eas hat
d
es nt 1
s act o he t t
t
6 Peyt a1 o f l t sat f sdemonsr i t t abs couns ' alege om isi ,t
tatng ha, ent
on s ais o t e act
els l d
s ons he
out eoft a alwoul have been dif ent Se Unied St t v.Baker No.2com
he ppe
d
fer . e t
a es
, 1 6624, F. ,
3d

2 3WL 2 3 7 6 a * (t Ci. 0 3 Cs p l t c u sl . ej y apeu t nta V d cv d
01
6 1 2 , t 4 4h r2 1 ) Ap el e o n e . . no s rsmpi h t e i
a
o
w hi is wer mos lkel t afor r i on appeal a pr umpton t a def ntcan r
ch s ues e
t i y o f d elef
, es
i hat
enda
ebutonl
y

wh n in e is saece ry sr ng rt a t s p e e t d.(n ena qu ainso te ; o sv.
e g or d sue r la l to e h n ho e r s n e ) itr l otto mitd) J ne .
Bane , 63U. 7 ( 98 )(l i t tc uns l sn c nsiuina duyt r iee r n fiolus
r s4
S. 45 1 3 lndng ha o e ha o o tt to l t o as ve y on rv o

cam o a a)
li n ppe l.
1 TheFo t Cic tha r c gnz dt s c s i p ttonpr so i j80165 B)2)a a
urh r ui s e o ie he uc e sve eii oviin n . - 4( ( s n
adequat a i pende sat lw gr
e nd nde
nt t e a ound ba
ning f alha
eder beasr vi See,e. ,Pope v. et l
e ew.
g.
N herand,

1 3F.d 1 4,1 2( t Ci.1 97 ) a v. t ra d, F. 1 8,l 3( t Ci.1 96 .
1 3 36 37 4h r 9 ) Gr y Neheln 99 3d 5 6 4h r 9 )

s o n o c us a dp eudc , ra t ln c n e n ih ro whc Pe o h sma e Gry
h wig f a e n rj ie o cua ino e c , et e f ih ytn a d . a ,
51 U . a 1
8 S. t 62.

Fort s ed r as ,t c tfndst ta ie a i ofPe on' f r lCl ms 1a
he ut e ons he our i ha ny t r tons
yt s ede a ai
nd

2 whi h we enotr ie i t sat petton,a wela Cli 3 a 4,mus bedimi s d as
c
r
a s d n he t e ii s l s a ms nd
t
s se
pr e aly bare Exce ed fo t spr dur lba a et f ,r newe sa ehabe scai s
oc dur l r d.
pt r m hi oce a r r he our e
d tt
a lm

a dt s p rigfcsa j dc tdi t esaep tto , c t sc u t s a d e su d r
n he u po t a t d u iae n h tt eiin whih hi o r mu t d r s n e
n
j2254(
*.
Thec tas fndst tPe on r s hi f de alCl i 5 i hi sa epe ii - he
our lo i ha yt aied s e r
am n s t t tton

alg dt a t etil u g s o dba wh nh r f s dt a pon Pe o n w c u s l Th
le e h t h ra j d e h we is e e e u e o p it ytn e o n e. e
Cic i Colt d r se t ssto alg to so temeis Th r fr ,h c u tee t
r ut t a d e s d hi e f le ain n h rt. eeo e t e o r rj cs
r
r ponde ' as e ton ofpr dur lde a ta wila es Cl m 5on t me isunde
es
nts s ri
oce a f ul nd l ddr s ai
he rt
r

j2 4 *.Tot ee tn t a Pe o a s rsa dto a wa si wh c tetilud ealg dl
25 4
h x e t h t ytn se t d iin l y n ih h ra j g le e y
de onsr t bi durngti pr e ngs ho e r t e ne y r ied a lga i a e
m taed as i ral oc edi , w ve , hes wl a s le tons r
pr dur ly ba r d fo f de alha a r vi t de Culen,be aus hedi no gi t sa e
oce a l re ' m e r be s e ew m r l
r
c e
d t ve he tt
co ta opporuniy t c i rt m . 1 S. .a 1
ur n
t t o onsde he
31 Ct t 399.
Ale I fe tveAs it nce
laed ne f c i
ssn
To sae ac tt i na cli f i fec i as it nce pe ii rmus s tsya t
t t onsiuto l am or ne f tve ssa , ttone
t a if wo-

pr t tbys ng(1 çha c ms lspef ma ewasdefce ,'a ( lha t deii
ong es howi ) ç t ol e' ror nc
t
iint' nd 2) ç the fcent
t

p ro ma c prj d c dt ed fns . S rc a dv. ahido 4 6U. 6 8 6 6 8 ( 9 4 .
e fr n e eu ie h ee e' tikln W s n n, 6 S. 6 , 8 - 7 1 8 )
'
Pe ii ne m us ove com e <a s r pr um pton' t tcouns ' pe f m anc w asr s na y
tto r
t r
ç t ong es
i ' ha
els r or
e
ea o bl

c mpee t a dt c u t ya j d ec t e ' pefr n ed t e to l wh npei o e
o tn , n he o r ma du g o ms ls roma c ekin ny e t in r
t
de onsr t t tti lgh ofa 1t cr um sa es t i n ii d acsoromi sonswe eouti
m taes ha dn i t 1 he ic t nc , he de tfe t
si
r
sde
t w i r nge ofpr es i l com pe e as i t nc ' I a 68 90.
he de a
of sonaly
t nt s s a e. d. t 9'

8

Eve i pe ii rc e t bls dei e pe f ma et rt shi sa r r lef
n f ttone an sa ih fcint r or nc mde hi gh t nda d, e i
r m ansuna lbl t es hea s s
e i
vaia e ml s lo howsatr as bl pr biiy't t butf rc
te ona e oba lt ' ha ,
o ouns ls
e'

s c fe enor t out om eoft pr edi woul ha bee dif e .L. at694- The
pe iid
, he c
he oce ng
d ve n fer nt ds
u
95.
co tmus de r le i pe ii rf ist esa ih eihe oft Sti a pr .1 a 697.
ur
t ny ei f f ttone a l o t bls t r he rcklnd ongs d. t
Thefr tcli ofi f c i as itnc t Pe on pr s t d t t Cic tCour al ge
is am
nefe tve ssa e hat yt
e en e o he r ui
t le d
t tcou elwasi feci f f ii t fl m o i nsf dic y a abilofpa tc a s The
ha
ns
ne f tve or a lng o ie to or s over nd l
ri ulr .
Ci c tCour not t ta co d ng t t i lco e ' a tdavi, ha co pl t ac es t t
r ui
t ed ha c r i o r a uns ls fi t he d m e e c s o he

Comm onwe lh' fl i Pe on' c e a i e viwe t c ei tga or whi h Pe o does
at s ie n yt s as nd nt r e d he as nvesi t , c ytn
notdipu ee n now .8 TheCour f undt tPe on ha f ie t al ge a a to lma e il
s t ve
to
ha yt
d a ld o le ny ddii na t ra s
f vor bl t t de e et tco e c dha obt i d t oug amoton f dico r a
a a e o he f ns ha uns l oul ve ane hr h
i or s ve y nd

ta h f i dt saea yo j cin b ed f c i t ei it n , e urn ab lo p riua s
h t e al o tt n b e to a l ee tn h ndcme t rq ii g il f a t lr.
e
c
Ba e o t i e ie ta yd fce c ,h saec ur h l t a Pe tnfie t s o p eu ie
sd n hs vd n ir eiin y t e tt o t ed h t yo ald o h w rj dc
unde Stikl nd a ii fom c
r rc a rsng r
ouns lsf iur t fl motonsf di c r orabilof
e ' a l e o ie i or s ove y
l
pa tc a s
r i ul r .

Th sc u t n n tfn t t h saec u t' du iain o t cam wa t e s n b e
i o r c n o id ha t e tt o rs a j dc to f Ms li s mra o a l.
W ec rt sii d t the a Pe on br kei o t busne sa sol t pr pe t t tt
lhe e tfe ha
nd yt
o nt he i s nd t e he o ry ha he
owne sf md mi sng,de onsr tng aknowldg ofdeaisa
r ot
si
m tai
e e
t l boutt br k-nst tonl a
he ea i ha y
pa tc pa woul havepos e s d. Theti lcour f
rii nt
d
s se
ra
t ound W elhe ' t tm ony t be c e bl a
c r s esi
o
r di e nd
8 Alhough t Cicui Cour madeno expr sfndi t couns ' actonswer notdef i ,
t
he r t
t
es i ng hat
els i
e
k ent
t Courti ple s aconcl i Asnot by t Cicui Cour undert Sti and s a r
he
m id uch
uson.
ed he r t
q
he rckl t nda d,
sr egi choi made a t t ough i tga i ofl and f sr e
tat c
ces
fer hor
nvesi ton aw
act elvantt pl i e
o ausbl
optonsar vit l unc l
i
e rualy halengeabl ,and sr egi choi m ade aferl st n compl e
e'
tat c
ces
t es ha
et
i tga i a e r onabl pr s y t t e entt tr onabl pr es i
nves i ton r eas
e eciel o he xt ha eas
e of sonal

j gme t s pp thelmiai o ive tg to I o h rwo ds c ns lh sad yt
ud n s u or t i ttons n n siain.n t e r , ou e a ut o
ma r
ke easonabl i tgatonsort make ar onabl decii t tm akespa i ar
e nvesi i
o
eas
e
son ha
rtcul
i tga i unne ar
nves i tons
cess y.
466 U . 690- W ih acc st al mat i si t pr ecuton' fl t scour c
S. 91. t
es o l eral n he os i s ie, hi
t annotfnd t tcouns
i ha
el
act unr onabl i f lng t fl a di cover m oton s ng a tonalm a eral,uni i ed i t
ed eas
y n aii o ie s
y
i eeki ddii
t i s dentfi n he
s ae cour petton.
tt
t ii
9

di no bei ve Peytn' de al o i ve e i t br a i a t fs Pe o di not
d t le
o s ni s f nvol m nt n he e k-ns nd he t. ytn d
pr e t sae c t t a pa tc a pi eofi o m a i whih co elf l t t over
es nt he t t our wih ny riul r ec
nf r ton c uns aied o mc
t ough dic r t twoul ha sgnii a l dic e td W e c rorbolt r d Peyt s
hr
s ove y ha
d ve i fc nty s r die
l he
se e
on'
def ns ofde ng i ve e . Eve co i rng a 1t ma e i l Pe on lsedi hi f de al
e e
nyi nvol m nt
n nsde i l he t ras yt it n s e r
pe ii t tc
tton ha ouns la lge ym i ha obt i t ough dic r Peyt f ist
e le dl ght ve aned hr
s ove y, on a l o
demonsr t a r a ona epr biiy t tr e orpr e ai ofs h ma e i l wo d ha
ta e ny e s bl oba lt ha eviw
es nt ton uc
t ras ul ve
r ule i adif r ntout ome a til Att m os,Pe on s c aest tc ms lm i have
es t d n f e e
c
t ra . he
t yt pe ul t ha ot e ght
di c r d vi o f a ofs m e e s com m i tng t c i esorf m d e de e t tpolc
s ove e de oot ge o one l e
ti he r m
ot
vi nc ha .i e

t lwf l s i edt c ga e t wiho awa r nt Such s ulton i no s t i t s
m a uly e z he i r tes t ut
ra .
pec a i s t ufk ent o how
any r a ona elkei
e s bl i lhood t tpr s ntto oft omitdm otonswoul ha r ule i a
ha e e ai n he te
i
d ve es t d n
dif r ntou c ea r quie unde t esa ihe f er lsa r i Stiklnd.Thus t
fe e
t om s e r d
r he t bls d ed a t nda d n rc a
,he

cour mus grntt motont dimisunde j225 d)ast t scam.
t t a he i o s s
r
4(
o hi li
Pe o ss co i feci a ssa c am pr e e t t Cic tCour al ge t t
ytn' e nd ne f tve y itnce l i es ntd o he r ui
t le d ha
co ms s d ha m ove t s es e de e oft c ga e t f
t el houl ve
d o uppr s vi nc
he i r tes ound i t woodsors ul
n he
ho d

h veo jce t a miso o ti e i e c .P yo a s re t a me r o hsfmi o e
a be t d o d si n f h s v d n e e tn s etd h t mbes f i a l wn d
y
t pr ry whe et e ie wer f md,a polc e t r d t pr pe t and s ze t
he ope t
r hes t ms e ot
nd ie n e e he o ry
ei d he
ci r teswihoutas a c wa r nt Ba e on hi f m iy' i e e ti t pr pe t a hi own
ga e t
t
e r h ra . s d
s a l s nt r s n he o ry nd s
uns c fedic r ove 't pr ry,Peyt cli e t thehad a e c ai n ofprva i
pe ii tontol r' he ope t
on am d ha
n xpe tto
i cy n
t pr m ie s r he
he e s s ea c d.
The Cic tCour no e t tPe on pr ent d no evi nce w ih t sha s c a m on
r ui
t t d ha yt
es e
de
t hi bea l i

whih hec d esa ih t tt a e s a c d be onge t hi f miy ort tPe on M ms l had
c
oul t bls ha he r a e r he l d o s a l
ha yt
ef
a t pe ofc r ove i . Ther f e, he Cour f md t tPe on ha notpr ve snndi t
ny y
ont ol r t
e or t
t ot ha yt
d
o n t ng o
c l
halenge t r a ona e soft s ar h ort exc ud t e de a
he e s bl nes
he e c
o l e he vi nce boutt c ga e t s See
he i r te .

1
0

Alema v. tdS ae , 9 U. 1 5 1 4( 9 9 (i dngt t e s na g iv db ilg l
d r n Uni tts 3 4 S. 6 , 7 1 6 ) fn i ha p ro g re e y le a
e
sa c o tidpes n' p e s sh sn t e nd p i do F u t Ame d n rg t) Th
e rh f hr ro s rmie a o b e e rve f o rh
n me t i hs. e
Cic tCour alo no e t teve wihoutr ove y oft pr ry soln,ade e ntc d be
r ui
t s t d ha
n t
ec r
he ope t t e
f nda oul

c ctd ofl r ' ba e on c e bl t si ony by hi c e nt Rulng t tt pr f e
onvi e
a c ny s d
e
r di e e tm
s odef nda . i ha he ofer d
Fourh Am e
t
ndme c lnget t c g e t evi nceha no m e i and t tt c le d
nt hale
o he i ar te de
d
rt
ha he ha lnge
e de ewa notnec s a y t s
vi nc s
e s r o uppor t c ci n,t Cic tCo tde e r le o t s
t he onvi to he r ui ur ni d e if n hi

cam t rbohpr ofStiklnd.Se 466U. a 694 (i ngt ,opr vedekint
li mde t ongs rc a
e
S. t fndi hatt o t e

p ro ma c a dp eudc , t in rmu tp o emeio c n ttto a cam h fut c u s l
ef r n e n rj ie pei o e s r v rt f o si in l li e a ls o n e
t
u
f ro ti g .
o mit )
n
The c t nnotfndt sdiposton ofPeyt ss cond sa eha scai t be
our ca
i hi s ii
on' e
t t bea l m o

t e s n bl u e j2 5 ( Pe tnddn tp o et t esaec u th th h da ylg l
mr a o a e nd r 2 4 *. yo i o r v o h tt o r t a e a n e a
i e es i t pr ry s a c d t s
nt r t n he ope t e r he o uppor hi i a i ofFourh Am e e pr t c i .9
t s nvoc ton
t
ndm nt o e tons

5e Ra a v Iln i, 3 U. 1 , 3 ( 9 )(i igidviu l a c le g
. k s . lios 4 9 S. 28 1 0 1 78 fndn n i d a c n haln e
e
co tmtonalt ofs a c a s i r onl i he s ha r as bl e c a in ofprva i t
nsi i iy e r h nd ezu e y f /he d e ona e xpe t to
i cy n he

p a es ac e o t eo j c s ie ) u e c n tb d fce f rfiigt b iga
lc e rh d r h b e t ez d .Co nsl a no e eiint o al o rn
n

s p rs inmo ino o j cint a ha n lg l rfcu lb ss M o e v r c un e u e
u p e so to r be to h t d o e a o a t a a i. r o e , o s l s d
dic son oft c g e t e de i a a tm ptt dic e tW elhe ' t si ony,ba e on t
s us i
he i ar te vi nce n n te
o s r di
c r s e tm
s d he
f tt tt br ndsofc ga e tsdic r i t woodsdi notma c t br ndssoln fom
ac ha he a
i r te s ove ed n he
d
t h he a
t e r
t c
he onve e e so ei t sc e.Thec tc nnotfnd t ssr tgi c c t ea ona e,a
ni nc t r n hi as
our n
i hi tae c hoie mr s bl s
9 Peyt as ered i hi sat petton t tt pr rt, des rbed as979 Col SprngsRoad,
on s t n s t e ii ha he ope y
ci
d i
St tsDr bel d t hi mot and hersi i and w aslsed on Peyt spr ent
uar' ah, onge o s her
blngs
it
on' es encer
eportas
hi per
s mane addr s.Ot revi
nt es
he dence bef et sat habeascour i ca ed,how e ,t tPe on
or he t e
t ndi t
ver ha yt

r sde i a a rme i w ic se .Eve i t sj2 a to Pe o pr viesnodo ume tto
e i d n n pat nt n n het r
n n hi 254 cin, ytn o d
c n ain
de onsr i t thephyscaly r i d a orhad any lgalowne s p i er ti t pr t on whih
m tatng ha
i l esde t
e
r hi nt es n he opery
c
polce f
i ound sol ci etes.Att m os,Peyt a t hest hi pl ngsc esofuna he i t
t en gar t
he t
on tac o s eadi opi
ut ntca ed
and undat tans ri pages r
ed r c pt
, enectng t twines esorcour pari pant ,atva i tm es r ered t
i ha t s
t tci s
rous i , ef r o
t pr
he opert asbel ng t Peyt sr atves He alo cl m st tvarousf m iy m ember w oul have
y
ongi o
on' el i .
s ai ha i a l
s
d
t tfed t t owned orr i on t pr t
es ii hat hey
esded he opery.

W elhe ' t tm o al s tc d t s
c r s esi ny one ufi e o uppor t c ci n,i t f c tnde f md i c e bl
t he onvi to f he a t i r ot t r di e.

S eUntd Sae v W is n,1 5F.d 1 8 ,1 9 ( t Ci.1 9 )(ç heu c ro o ae
e ie tts . lo 1 3 1 5 1 0 4h r 9 7 1T) n o r b rtd
(
tsi n o o ewin s o o a a c mp iema b s fiin t s san ac nvcin' .Fo
e tmo y f n t e s r f n c o lc y e u fce t o u ti o ito ' r
)
t s r as ,Peyt sc am t tc ms lwa i f tvef f ii t blng a s es i
he e e ons
on' l i ha ot e s nefeci or a lng o i
uppr son

moin fist e Src ln .Be a et es ec u t'a j d c to o ti cam wa n t
t al md r tik a d c us h ut o rs du iain f h s li s o
o
con r r t ora unr s bl a i to ofStiklnd a wa notbas on a t ea o bl
ta y o n ea ona e pplcai n
rc a nd s
ed
n mr s na e

d tr n to o f cs ti c u t rn st moi nt d s s t e j22 4 d a t ti cam.
eemiain f a t,h s o r g a t he to o imis md r 5 ( ) s o h s li
Thetlr i f c i as itnc cli Pe on pr e e i sa eha aspr e ngs
lid nefe tve ssn e am yt
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oce di
al ge t tc
le d ha ouns wa i f tvef f ii t m ovef dim is ofa 1t c r sundert
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he

I Vign aCo eAn .j5 121 ,.sq. Th saec u t ee tdt i cam t e b t
AD, r ii d n 3.- 0 # e
1
e tt o r rj ce h s li md r o h
pr ngsofStikl nd. The Cour notd t ti Dec mber2007,c
o
rc a
t e ha n
e
ouns lsl am o i t dimi s
e ed
ton o s s

a1 h warn sa ans P ytnwi p eu ieu d rteI b c u ePe o wa n ttido
1t e ra t g i t e o t rj dc n e h AD, e a s ytn s o re n
h
t c r wihi 1 da a traVigi ade ane wasl ed wih Ohi au hortes1 Tje
he ha ges t n 80 ys fe
r ni t i r
odg
t
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moton wasde e bec us t l doe nota y t are twa r nt . Two ot rc r eson
i
nid a e he AD
s
ppl o r s ra s
he ha g
whih Vigi aa ho ii si ctd Pe o i J y 2007 we edim is unde t I .l x s t
c r ni ut rte ndi e ytn n ul
r s s ed
r he AD l
o
t sx cha gesunde c le her ,Pe on wasi ced o J r 28,2008,a hi ti i
he i
r
r hal nge e yt
ndit n anua y
nd s ral n
M a 2008waswihi t I tmelmis r nde i fi ousa addii lm oton t dim is
y
t n he AD i i t, e rng rvol
ny
tona
i o s s
t rt I
mde he AD.

1 The r or r l st tt Augusa Count She if sOf i s eoutsx f ony w a r s
0
ec d efect ha he
t
y rf
fce wor
i el
r ant
agai tPe on on Augus 3,2006. Ohi aut ii a r t Peyt on Sept m be 22,2006. Peyt
ns yt
t
o hortes r esed
on
e r
on
w ai extadii t Vigi aand r
ved r ton o r ni
equesed ti on t pendi char i J r and Februar 2007.
t ral he
ng
ges n anua y
y
Hewass ed w ih t Augusa Count wa r si Sept
erv
t he
t
y r ant n
ember2007.
1 Se Locklarv. Co
1 e
e
mmon al ,3 S. 2d7 ,7 ( . p.1 9)( ol ngt tthe
we t 76 E. 93 95 Va Ap 98 h di ha G
h
t

(AD)wa it n dt a pl onl t i tu nt s ha idit nt,n o mainso c mpli su
I
s n e de o p y y o nsr me s uc s n cme s if r to r o ant pon
w hi t det ne coul beti i medit y upon hi r tr Thi defnii doesnoti ude a f ony
ch he ai e
d red m
a el
s etzn. s i ton
ncl
el

war n ofa rs.. .)
ra t re t .' .
'
12

l hi f r lpe ii n,Pe on of e s no f c ua orl ga gr t d on wli h couns lc d
n s edt a tto
yt
fr
a t l e l om
zc
e oul

s es f ly ha moved f dim is loft s sx c r est rt I norhashe s
ucc s u l ve
or s s a he e i ha g mde he AD,
hown a
ny

r as bl pr biiy t ta e c ms lsa s td er r t out ome a ti wo d ha be n
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t ral ul ve e

dfe e t Ac o dn l hefist d mo taeta t saec u t' d u iain o t i cam
ifr n . c r igy, al o e nsrt h the tt o rs a j dc to f h s li
wa conta yt ora unr s
s
r r o n ea onabl a i ai ofStiklnd ort ti wa ba e on a
e pplc ton
rc a
ha t s s d
n
t e ona ede e m i ton off c s The ef e t c tgr nt t m oton t dimi st r
mr as bl t r na i
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j2 5 4 )a t t scam.
2 4 d s o hi li
Peyt sf urh sa eha scai ofi f c i a ssa eas e td t thea hi
on' o t t t bea l m
nefe tve s it nc s re ha
nd s
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tor y d t r boutc ran i i nt oft til Specf ly,Pe on compl i t t
e ti ncde s he ra .
ika l yt
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e al d o ie tons or s ove y, uppr son vi nce
l
ri a s nd

dim is oft c r unde t I t thea co ms diag ee a
s s al he ha ges
r he AD; ha
nd t el s r d boutwhe he Peyt
t r
on
s d a e apl aba gan; ndt tc ms lwa unpr pa e t def nd Pe on a til For
houl cc pt e r i a ha ot e s
e rd o e
yt t ra .
r ms a r a di c s d, he s a e c tf und t tt fr tf l a l ge di put s w ih c m s
e ons l e dy s us e t t t our o
ha he i s otr le d s e t ot el

di no pr s ntca msunde Stiklnd.TheCour alo f undt tc ms lsa c i f vorof
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ot 2
h t he e r ai s e d
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uns ' e e e a i t ra .
t xpr s y e ha
c m s lw asan t f tve a
ot e
t ec i dvoca e f Peyt ' CL 11
ef
t or
on.'
000258,Opi on/ te 7,Se .20,2011
ni Le t r
pt
.

Fo te er a o s t esaec u t o n n d fce tp ro ma eo p eu ie a r q rdt e
r h s e s n ,h tt o r f u d o eiin ef r nc r rj d c , s e uie md r
Sti klnd, elt d t Pe on' sr t cdiag ee e swih c
rc a r a e o yt s ta egi s r m nt t ouns l l
e . d.
Ther co d s
e r upporst sa ec tsfndi t tc ela
t he t t our' i ngs ha ouns dvoca e z l l f
t d eaousy or
Pe on.Thee de e i c t t tc ms r vi we t Commonwe t sfl t l t t
yt
vi nc ndi aes ha ot el e e d he
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1 Pe on com pl ned t tt pl of e wasf a s e ofs ven year and ei mont ,
2 yt
ai ha he ea f r
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ght
hs
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e i ha
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els

a fda t terj ce plab r ai wo dh veal dt Aug t Co t s ne e t r n c n ure ty
fi vi,h ee t d e a g n ul a l
owe he usa uny e tnc s o u o c r n l
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1
3

i si a i ag ,e or d a di c s d wih Pe on t o i n ofapl ba gai m o f
nve tg tng ent xpl e nd s us e t yt he pto
ea r n, ved or

ds sa o t c a g s(u c s fly, st t c t sn t tis eh r )q sin dp o e uin
imis l f he h r e s c e sul a o wo omt o a su ee , ueto e r s c to
winesest oughl andpr s e ali r nty c it ntdef ns ,bas d o Peyt sdelal
t s hor
y,
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rii ton. uns l lo r ed n osng, s
on
n s ii , ha
lhe '

pe b r anf rn ji tmei e c a g f rtsiyngg vehm moi aint 1ea dt a
la ag i o o al i n x h n e o e tf i a i tv to o i n h t
w el he ' t r i bl t tm ony,a t onl e de t ng Peyt t t of e es w a
c r s m ela e es i
s he y vi nce yi
on o he f ns , s
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ns fc e o u r he
ci
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es t n quit l

doe no r nde hi s r ce i fe tve,a t sa eco tnot t= Be a ePe ont f l t
s t e r s e vi s ne f c i s he tt ur ed. (. c us yt hus ais o
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-.

d mo taet a t esaec u t' du iain o t i cam wa c n rr t o a l r a o be
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n
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pplc ton
rc a
r ha t s s d
n l ea o bl tr na i n a t ,he

c u t r nst emoint ds s u d rj2 4 d a t tl cam.
o r g a t h to o imis n e 25 ( ) s o li li
s
Ale d Ato e Confi ta J calBi
lce tm y
lc nd udi i as
Pe on as e t i Cl m 5 oft f de a peii ashe di i t sat petton,t tt
yt
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d n he t e ii ha he

til u g d mo srtd b a b r f sng t a p itn w c t e,i vo ai n o P ytn sd e
ra j d e e n tae is y e u i o p on e oms l n ilto f e o ' u
pr es rghtt af i ti l Spectc ly,Pe on as e t t ta t he a hi a tm e ha a s d
oc s i o a r ra .
ii a l yt
s rs ha fer nd s to y d dvie

tej d ea o tt i d s g e me t o e a o f rd pe a r e n , h j d ev u h d f rt e
h u g b u her ia re n s v r n fe e la g e me t t e u g o c e o h
a t e s l l e r ie a pr e
tom y' ega xpe ts nd oce ded w ih t t i l The s a e ha s c ta es e t s
t he r a .
t t bea our ddr s d he e

alg to sa o t h til u g a f lo :
le ain b u t e ra j d e s o lws
Fi ly, he Co tdoe notknow e cty how t cha a t r z Peyt s
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ur
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on'

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ouns l.
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( il o ns l wa a efciea v c t f rPe o , n tefc t a h d dn td
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a lt tPe on de a d,a i cae above i no wa r nde shi s r ce
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nefec i
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r i
l te s t
t d a es
e

Cour has... e ousyrj cedûhecai t tt Si hAme
t
prvi l ee t i l m ha he xt
t
ndme tguaa e
n rntes
a m ea ngf lr l t o hi be w e n an a cus a hi c
ni u e a i ns p t e
c ed nd s ouns l'
e.
'

1
4

Opi on/ te 7,Se . ,201 ( i M o sv.Sl
ni Letr pt20 1 quotng ni
appy,461U. 1 1 ( 98 ( ti
S. , 4 1 3) omitng

itma q o ai n l.
n e l u tto s)

I t efdea peiin, ytnmo ece ryc ssh sc mpan a aj dca ba cam,
n h e rl tto Pe o r la l a t i o lit s u iil is li
r t rt a a t ne contitcai ,a t sa eha sc ta r nty r d t al gai .
ahe hm1 n tor y
lc l m s he tt bea our ppa e l ea he le tons

Lie al c n t e , o v r P yo ssaepeiinas p e e t aj dca ba cam.Th f c
b r ly o snld h we e , e tn' tt t o lo rs n s u iil is li
t
e at
ta tesaec u t i n t i o r a o fo S prmeCo r p e e e to j dca ba i
h th tt o r d d o ct r e s n rm u e
e
u t rc d n n u iil is n
dimi sng t c am i notgr mdsf rf de a ha sr i Hari o 1 S.Ct a 78
s s i he l i s
ot
o e r l bea elef
rngtn, 31
.t 4

( tngt tt j2254( rviw,t saec tne dnotct ore nbeawa eof' toli
noi ha mder
d) e e ta tt our e
ie ve
r conr lng

S p e Co 1 P e e e t) Un e j2 4 d ,hi c u t yg a thewrto P yo s u iil
u r me u4 rc d n s. d r 25 ( ) t s o r ma r n t i n e tn'j dca
ba cam o l i hed mo sr tslh t h r i n po sb l yf imid dj rssc udd s g e
is li ny f e n tae i a t ee s o siii ar n e u it o l ia r e
t
t
t tt saecour' de son (odimist camlc lcswih ( e Courlpr c dens'
ha he tt
ts cii t s s he li onfit t Suprme
t e e t.
'
I a 786. Peyt f ist m ee t sr gor s a r i t c e of a t r y c lc sor
d. t
on a l o
t hi i ous t nda d n he ont xt t o ne onf i t

j d ca ba .M o e v r e e o ti ej2 5 ( )rsrcins Pe o scam fiso t emeisi
u iil is ro e , v n u sd 2 4 d e tito , ytn' li al n h rt n
et roft ec e s
ihe
hes ont xt.
The r l va f t a e t s m e i eihe c e . Be or t i lon M ay 22,2008 Pe on
e e nt ac s r he n n t r ont xt f e ra
, yt
a hi co ta nt d t i lc
nd s ur - ppoi e r a ouns r ne
el e wed a prora glm e ove Pe o sr us t a c pta
i r l nt r yt n' ef al o c e

pe b r an l tec u t o P ytna dtej d eh dteflo n e h ng :
la ag i. n h o rr m, e o n h u g a h o lwig xc a e
o
Co r:
ut

( fn ec u e) y u r ra yt g M r Pe tn i t r
Dee s o ns l, o 'e e d o o. . yo , s hee
s m e M ng you w a tt s y?
o t
n o a

Pe on:
yt

Ye ,sr ...Im nots tsi d wih t s lm s yi t tt r s
s i.
'
ai fe t hi. ' a ng ha he e'
t ngst tIbele s ul ha bee donet thave tbe n done
hi ha
ive ho d ve n
ha
n' e
.
M y a tm e a m ys f you kno ,
to y nd
el,
w wo- wedon' ge apng,a
t tl
nd
he' ...ups bec us Iwon' a e apl a you know .He
s
et a e
t cc pt e ,
does tr cogni t tt si m y lf t tw e'e t l ng a ut not
n' e
ze ha hi s
ie ha
r a ki bo ,
hi Andwedono s ee t e . Iti t t lyout tl ttm e
s.
t e ye o ye red o el
ha as i
Iw a he e, nd not ng hasc nge
s r a
hi
ha d.

Co t
ur:

W e l I... ol you you a efe t hiea l
l,
t d
r r e o r awye a i you
r nytme
wa e one, dn' 1
nt d
di t ?

Pe on:
yt

Yea
h.

Court
:

Oka And you ha n' donet t ha you?
y.
ve t
ha , ve

Peyt
on:

N o,sr
i.

Cour :
t

So wha a ewe g ng t do,M r Pe on? J t...
tr
oi o
. yt
us

Peyt
on:

I m no a e t do t t
'
t bl o
ha .

Cour :
t

W elwh t d wej s k e c niuigti c s , ndc niuigi,
l, a, o u t e p o t n h s a e a o t n t
n
n
a c i ng i a - f e r
nd ontnui t nd or ve ?

Peyt
on:

N o,I 1don' w a t do t ,YourH onor
t nt o
hat
.

Court
:

A 1 rght
1i .

Pe on:
yt

l Ir ly do t Butlwa s e
- eal n'.
nt om body t tIbe ive i goi
ha
le s ng
rg f ly,f wha ' rght
i ht ul or ts i .

Court
:

Oka (
y. Couns ) a li yo wa t sy?
el, nytlng u nt o a

Co e :
uns l

YotrHo r Ido t ldon' ha a ... r Pe on i c r c
t no , n't ve ny M . yt s ore t
t twe d tge al
ha
on' t ong.I' gotnot ng t do wih mebeng
ts
hi o
t
i
pr r d t go f r r
epa e o
o wa d.

Co t
ur :

A l rght
1i .

Co el
uns :

lve do e r hi he' as m et do,J
'
ne ve yt ng s ked
o
udge.

Co
uh:

Al rght 1m goi t s y t st M r Peyt a puti on t
li . '
ng o a hi o . on, nd
t he

r c r , c n' d awh l lt etrta go n e) W ej t we
e o d we a t o
o e o b te h n c u s l. usdon' ha a be tr Andnet rdoe a
t ve ny te .
ihe
s nybody ele.He'
s
s
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xpe inc d, nd ' d r ng, nd w
s t
ca ea hi bute e f t bes i er s sofhi c int And
r nyt ng
xc pt or he t nt e t
s le .
you m a notlkei,M r Peyt butIdon' unde sa t t you
y
i t . on,
t
r tnd habei t l gale r you wo tt kehi a ce he'- he' goi
ng he e
xpe q
n' a
s dvi , s
s ng
t do wha you wan hi t do, nd Idon' kno w ha e s t do.
o
t
t m o
a
t w
t le o

W ec n' us sopt sc s a a ltyo wait iyou'
a tj t t hi a e nd- nd e u t mtl ve
gonet ough e r lwye i St mt untlyou 5nd onet tyou
hr
ve y a r n at on i
ha

lk .lj s d e n'wo kta wa .Yo r fe t hr alwy r
ie t u t o s t r h t y u'e r e o ie a e ,
butyou have tdone t tbe a e you c n' do i. A nd w e'e
n'
ha c us
a t t
r
gi ng you t bes w e' got A nd w e'e g ng t go a d w ih
vi
he t ve .
r oi o
hea t

it d ya dtyi.An Im g i t n t y t o jcint te
t o a n r t d ' ong o oe ol b e to o h
r
nzi oft Cour. I wilbeon t r c d.
lng he
t t l
he e or
Tr a Tr 6- M ay 22,
i l . 7,
2008.

Afe t ep o e u o wav da yo e ig sae n ,h ud a an q e to e Pe tn
tr h r s c t r ie n p nn ttme tt ej ge g i u si n d y o
a hi c m s l
nd s ot e :

Co r:
ut

l u s l, oy uh v al h wi se - h vey ugv nhi
co n el d o a e 1t e me s s a o ie m
a l t na esofa lofyourwines e ,M r Pe on?
l- he m
l
t s s . yt

Peyt
on:

Yes Iha .
, ve

Court
:

Al rg ,
l i ht And ar t he e?
e hey r

Colns l
l e:

W e' go onewho wes poe ed he' i t r
ve t
ub na s n he oom,J
udge.

Cou :
rt

Buthe' he e.
s r

Counsel
:

H e' he e.
s r

Cour :
t

A 1 r gh . Ar a lt o he w ine s t tyou w a he e ...
1 i t e l he t r t s es ha
nt r
?

Colns l
t e:

W ej s h v t eo e J d e
ut a e h n ,u g .

1 a 8.
d. t
An a t ne sc lci o i tonst i e essot rt t eofhi clen do not
tor y' onfi tng blga i o nt r t he han hos
s i t
ne s mi y vi a e t c i nt sSi h Am e e rghtt e f c i as i t nce ofc
ce s l ol t he le ' xt
ndm nt i o f e tve s s a
ouns l Cuyl r
e.
e

v. lia , 4 U. 3 5 3 ( 9 0 .Ast esaeh be sc u t l t Co siui nd e n t
Sulv n 4 6 S. 3 , 48 1 8 )
h tt a a o r hed,he n t to o s o
t
gu r t et tt def nda wilha atme ni u r a i hi ' t hi a t e M ori,
a an e ha he e nt l ve ç a ngf l eltons p'wih s tom y.
rs
461U. at1 Tode onsr t a Si h Am e
S. 4.
m ta e xt
ndmentvi ai n, ttonermus s
ol to peii
t how t tc
ha ouns l
e
ha a a t lco lc ofi e es t tad r ey afe t dt lwye ' pe f m a on peii rs
d n c ua ntit nt r t ha ve s l f c e he a rs ror nce
ttone '
be f1 Jza 349.Eve whe et tilc t ss e
hal. 3 g.t
ii
bl
lc
n r he ra our i om how notted ofapossi econtitof
i e e tand f ist i r i o t sc lc , ttone mus s
nt r s
al o nquie nt hi onti t pe ii r t how t tt c lc a r ey
ha he onfi t dve s l
1 A COnfi ofi er ti alo des i asEa di son ofl tes.' M i nsv.Ta or 535
3
lct nt es s s
crbed E vii
oyali ' cke
yl ,

U. 1 2,1 n. ( 0 .
S. 6 72 5 20 2)

a f t d c ms lsr pr e a i i as cfcwa M ike v. vl ,535U . 1 1 fec e ot e ' e es ntton n pe ii y. c ns Ta or
S. 62, 71 72

( 0 2 .W h r p t in rs wsa t a c nfita d a ves ef c, eiin rn e n t o
2 0 ) ee ei o e ho cu l o lc n d re fe t p tto e e d o prve
t

p eu ieu d rS rc ln I . t1 2 7 ; ve , 46U.. t3 - 5 .
rj d c n e tik a d. d a 7 - 3 Cu lr 4
S a 49 3 0
Att m os,Pe on' al ga i a t r c d i t saehabe pr e ngs
he
t yt s le tons nd he e or n he t t
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de
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tae ha
d
gr e t ls to ne s dvie boutt pl abar i a ot rti
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is es Su h dif r ntpe s ctvesdo notm a f tt tpeofco c i oblga i a i s i
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r pe i
nies he y
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Cuylra M ike .Pe on f ist m a a s wi t tcouns lst ci a de i i a
e nd c ns yt al o ke ny ho ng ha
e ' a tc l c sons nd
l lad c we ei l nc d a r ey i a wa by as cik ,c lc i l t couns bor
ega vie r nfue e dve s l n ny y
pe t onti tng oyaly
el e
t r t i t r t ofa o he pe s M or over Pe on f ist de onsr t t thi pe s l
owa d he n e ess ny t r r on.
e , yt a l o m tae ha s r ona
diag e men swih c ms i l nc d t a t ne t ma c ce a r et Pe on' i e ess
s r e t t ot el ntue e he tor y o ke hoi s dve s o yt s nt r t
bef eordm i til Thus Pe on' s iso do note t bls a c lc ofi e es t t
or
ng ra .
, yt s ubm s i ns
sa ih ny onfit nt r t ha
vi a e li Si h Am e
olt d ls xt
ndme rght bas eiheron t alege e r sofc
nt i , ed t
he l d ror
ouns ort ti
el he ral
court
.

Yh Du Pr c s Clus çe ur safi tili af i tiu lb f r aj g wi no
e e o e s a e t q ie ar ra n ar rb na, e o e ud e t
r
h
acualbi agans t def ntori e es i t outom eofhi pa tc a ca e'butc e esa
t
as i t he enda
ntr t n he c
s riul r s ,'
r at
too , at f nn sa r a i twhi h t m e slers ofbi .Br y v. n e 5
l r not mio t nda d, gans
c o a tr iks
as aç Gr ml v, 20

U. 8 9 9 4 0 ( 9 7 .A p tto e n e n t r v t a aj d ewa a t l b a e i o d rt
S. 9 , 0 - 5 1 9 ) eiin r e d o p o e h t u g s cual is d n r e o
y
esa ih ad pr es vi a i r t r hemus pr veaG r um smnceorr a i hi 'ha
t bls ue oc s olton; ahe ,
t o
t c t
ci
eltons p't t

c e tda it lrbl ç r b blt o l ame s' l r M u c io 3 U..1 3 1 6( 9 5 .
r ae n n oea e f o a ii f mf i s . n e rh s n, 49 S 3 , 3 1 5 )
p
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S e i ly peiin rmu te tbls a o j cief co o f co s s ha aj g ' fn nca
p ct l , t o e s sa ih n b e tv a tr r a tr, uc s ud es ia il
ka
t
i e es i t o c
nt r t n he ut ome ofapr ee ngorhi pas c lc orcl er l tons p wih a ltga ,
oc di
s t onfi t
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whc i l eyt te t = 1a j dc t r 1t dse adn ur lt. Ca e tnv. T. se
ih s i l o t mp g d u iao l o ir g r e taiy' p ro A. Ma sy
k
t
'
Coa Co.556U. 868,878(
l ,
S.
2009) Thus t ha asc tsi r i ç t rt a a
.
,he be our' nquiy s i he he verge
whe

j d ei (h tilu g ')po iini Gi l t ben ur lo wh t rte ei a
u g n te ra j d e s sto s l y' o e ta, r ehe h r s n
ke
lnc tt i lE e ilf bis''l a 881(ntr quot i i o i nal.
l onsiutona potnta or a -' d. t
i enal atons n rgi )

Ther c r d e n trte tha t etilud esd cso n tt r pa ePe o sa tr e
e o d o s o el c t t h ra j g ' e ii n o o e lc ytn' to n y
wasba e on a pror pe s lco lc wih Pe on oro a pe s
sd
ny i , r ona nfi t t yt
n ny r onali e es i t o c e
nt r t n he ut om

o tetil oa t ce t a yl l o o j dca ba .Ot e ta teplaa r e n ds ue
f h ra s s o r ae n i i d f u iil is h r h n h e g e me t ip t,
ke ho
Pe tnddno if r tetil u g o a ypatc lra to h h dwa t dc u s l otk i
yo i tn om h ra j d e f n riua ci n e a n e o n e t a e n
pr par ton f ti lt tc
e ai or ra ha ouns f ie t c ry out W he t Cour m e ine c i nce
el a ld o a r
.
n he
t nto d ontnua ,
Pe on de e any de iet c i t ti t obui new co ms a di notdiput co els
yt
nid
sr o ontnue he ral o
n
t el nd d
s e uns '

sae n ta t o wi s s b o n e f rtil sp e e t t s fcs t ej d es
ttme t h t he ne t s u p e a d o ra wa r s n .On he e a t,h u g '
ne

c mme tr o d fn ec u s lsp o e so a e p ried e n t vic a yj diil ne et
o n ay n ee s o n e' r f sin l x e t o s o e n e n u ca i tr s
s
a r et Pe on',r ar ng t o c eoft pr e di
dve s o yt s eg di he ut om
he oc e ng.

Fo t e er a o s Pe o fist d mo taet t n c nlci itrs o j dca bis
r h s e s n , ytn al o e nsrt ha a y o tit n eet r u iil a
ng
de i d hi ofduepr s oraf i til Ac r ngl Pe o a s f ist s
prve m
oce s
ar ra . co di y, ytn lo a l o how t tt sa e
ha he tt

c u t' du iaino t i cam wa c nrr t , ra t e s n bl a plc to o fd r l a
o rs a j dc to f h s li s o ta y o o n mra o a e p iai n f e ea lw,
ort ti i ba e on a I r a ona e de er i ton off t f om t r or Ther f e, s
ha t s s d
n m e s bl t m na i
ac s r he ec d.
e or hi

cam frfd r l a e srle fist e j2 5 ( .Th c u t lg a ttemo int d s s
li o e e a h b a eif al md r 2 4 * e o r wil rn h to o imis
a t Cl i 5.
s o am
I1
I

Fo t r s nssa e t c tg a st m oto t dim is TheClr i die t d t
r he ea o tt d,he our r nt he i n o s s .
ek s rce o
s nd c esoft sme or ndlm o ni andac om pa ng or rt pe ii rand t c m s of
e opi
hi m a l pi on
c
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de o ttone
o ol el
r c d f r ponde .
e or or es
nt

ENTER :Th s 6d d y o Au u t2013.
i
a f g s,
ChifUnie St t sDititJ
e
t d a e src udge
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