Gardner v. Town of Blacksburg, Virginia Police Department et al

Filing 27

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 06/10/2013. (rkc)

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CLERKY OFFI U, DI P l CE $, BX AIr ATROANnG . VA FîED L I TH E UNI N TED STATES DISTRI CO URT CT FO R THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI I A CT RG NI R O AN O K E DI I O N V SI R O G ER L.G A R D N ER , J 19 2 1 UN 23 JULAC. I DUDL CL EX ERK BY: C i lA cton N o.7: vi i 13cv00054 Pl ntf , ai i f M EM OM NDUM OPI ON NI T O W N O F B LA C K SB U R G , V I G I I PO LICE D EPA RT M E N T R N A etz . W, D efendants . By:Sam ue G . is l W l on U nied St es Di t ctJudge t at s ri Thi i a a to bypr s pli ifRoge L.Ga dne ptrua t 42U. C.j 1 s s n cin o e antf r r r ls nt o S. 983 a ns t Bl ks lg PolceDe rme ,t Chrsins zg Polc De t t a anumbe gai t he ac btr i pa t nt he ita btr i e parmen , nd r ofBl ks z g a Chr s i ns g polc ofi e si t i ofi i lca ii s a i i outoft ac blr nd i ta bur i e fc r n he r fc a pac te , r sng he de e nt 'w a r t bas s r h ofG a dne ' hom e. G a dne cl i s t tt de e n s f nda s r an - ed ea c r rs r r a m ha he f nda t obt i ac tt i ly defce wa r nta ca e outas a ch ofhi home i or rt aned onsiutona l i int ra nd ni d er s n de o ha a sa i i dae Ga dne a hi wie The Chrsins lg Polc De rme ,Chi fM a k r s nd ntmi t r r nd s f . ita btr i e pa t nt e r Si s ofi rKet Spenc and ofkerCuri Br s on, tce ih es t ts own ha fl amoton t dim isGa d rs ve ied i o s s r ne ' c ai purua t Fe r lRul ofCi lPr e e1 b)6) ompl nt s nt o de a e vi oc dur 2( ( .TheBlcks gPolc a bur ie De rme ,Chi fKi ry Cr nni, ofie Rya Hie ha fl asm ia m o i n t pa t nt e mbe l a s and fc r n t ve ied i lr to o i , he e nt gue ha he our houl s s r r s dim is1 1 bot m otons t def nda sar t tt c ts d dimi sGa dne ' s s. n h com pl ntbecaus he has sued t o m t ci enttes and severalem pl ai e w mi pal ii oyees oft hose enttes i ii n t i ofi alc pa ii , ha f ie t al gea ofii lpolc orcusom b whih t her fci a ctes but s a ld o le n fc a iy t y c he de e nt de i d Ga d rofhi Fourh Ame m e rgh s f nda s prve r ne s t nd nt i t .The c ta e wih t our gr és t he d fn a t a dds se Gad e ' c mpli t t u p eu ie e e d n s n imis s r n rs o an wi t rj dc . ho 1Gar ras s ç denii polc ofie s'fo bot de rme s dne lo ues t uni tftd ie fc r ' r m h pa t nt. r 1. Gar ne a l ge t to t m or ng ofFe t r 7, 1 he w a a ho e i a hos t d r le s ha n he ni brz y 201 , a s t m n pial be r ove i fom t ti e bypas szge y heha u r d ec rng r he rpls lr r d nde gonea we k ea le .Ashe ly i e ri r a n be Ga dnerl d outt wi d, r ooke he ndow and s appr m ael tn polc ofi r a oa ng t aw oxi t y e ie fce s ppr chi he r a ofhi homt. Ga dne a e t hi wie M e is a s me t ofier a t ba k door er s r r l red s f , ls a, nd he t he fc s t he c . O f i erRya H ie oft Bl cks g Polc De rm e pr e e M e i s w ih a wa r ntt fc n t he a bur i e pa t nt es nt d ls a t ra o s ac f rsoe p o ry.Ov rt eGad e s o j cin , f c r fo teBlc bzga d e rh o t ln r pet e h r n r ' b e to s o t e s r m h a ks l n i r Chrsins zg Polc De rme se e e t Ga d r 'ho e a s ntm or t n a hotr ita blr i e pa t nt ntr d he r ne s m nd pe e ha n l s a c ng r sa cos t . Gar e r hi oom nd l e s dnera lgest toneoft ofi e sor r d hi outofhi be le ha he fc r de e m s d s t tofk e sc d i pe tt beddi a pa Ga dne down.Theofi r di notfndt o ha t r oul ns c he ng nd t r r tce s d i he alege s ol pr ry a e nt l l f . l d t en ope t nd ve ualy e t Ga dne a lge t thi wie i a outpoke crtcofl l1w e or men .Hec am s r r le s ha s f s n s n ii oca a nf ce t li t tOfi rHie r le on not ng mor t n asa e ntfom a S t l il s hi ophr ni , ha fce t ei d hi e ha t t me r ç aly l, c z e c men m or neaddit d hos cepa int'i hi applca i f t s r h wa r nt t tHie phi ce pi te ' n s i ton or he ea c r a ,ha t i ir pr e e t f t' a ç aiedt c t se es ntd he ac s' nd t l o onduc at r m f t ho ough i tgai ' or a yi f nvesi ton'bef e ppl ng or t wa r nt a t tt polc us d t s a c t i tm i t a r t la ea ns t Ga d r . he ra , nd ha he i e e he e r h o n i da e nd e a it gai t he r ne s Compl 3, ECF No.4.Ga dne s eks$750, i dn a s. . 2, r re 000 n m ge 1l. Thede enda sa g t tGa dne ' c f nt r ue ha r r s ompl n f ist saea cai bec us i na e t ait a l o tt l m a e t m s wo m unii le ii and s ve a e oye oft e e ii i t i ofk ilca cii s bu doesnot c pa nttes e r l mpl es hos nttes n he r t a pa te , t a tm ptt s te o how t ta de e ntde i d Ga dne ofhi rght by mea ofa ofi a polc ha ny f nda prve r r si s ns n fcil iy orcus om . The courtagr tndst Gar t ees, i hat dner' com pl ntf l t s at a cl m ,and di m i es s ai ais o t e ai s ss t c mplitwi u p eudc . he o an t t rj ie ho 2 Tos vveaRul 1 b)6)moi t pladi mus c ai te ur i e 2( ( ton,he e ng t ont n çnoughfcst saea a t o tt c am t r ift ti pl usbl on isf c ' BelAt. l i o ele ha s a i e t a e. l l Com . Two bl 550U . 544,570 ' v. m y, S. ( 2007)(iai omitd) Coursmus lbeal c t epr s co ai s Erc onv.Pa d , ctton te . t t i rly onsnz o e mpl nt, iks r ue 5 U. 8 , 4( 0 7 , n a c p tecama tsfcu l le ainsa t e He Gr u LLC 51 S. 9 9 2 0 ) a d c e t h li n ' a ta alg to s nl. mi o p. v. t o N. ,5 9U. 1 5( 01 ) we r ti tn ti tna pia l t lg l o cuso s Ciy f Y. 5 S. , 2 0 .Ho ve,h s e e s s p lc b e o e a c n l in . i Thr a r r cial oft ee e sofa c us ofa ton,s e dba e e t s he lm nt a e c i uppo td by m e e c l or re r oncus y sae n s d n ts fie' As co t lba, 5 U. 6 2 6 8( 0 9 . ttme t, o o u fc . h r f v. q l 5 6 S. 6 , 7 2 0 ) ' Fe r lcourstea cli sa ns Vigi amuni i polc de rm e sascli de a t r t am gai t r ni cpal i e pa t nt a ms a ns t munii ii t ms l s See e. , ar v.Huds 549 F.Supp. gai t he cpaltes he e ve . . g.He n on, 949,952 n. 1 ( . Va.1 2)Cd'eca ciy ofagovenme a uni t bes di f rlc tst be W D. 98 -h pa t f r ntl t o ue n edea our i o d tr n db r frnc t saelw.( d. Ci . 1 ()) l a p ast a n t i i Vigna ee mie y eee e o tt a Fe R. v P. 7b . t p e r h t ohng n r ii 1 w r ogni s m uni i polc de rm e s a enttess par t f o t rr pe tve a ec ze c pal i e pa t nt s ii e a e r m hei es c i m uni i lte . N ordoesan hi i V igi a 1 w s c pa ii s yt ng n r ni a uppor a die ta ton aga ns a polce t rc ci i t i de rme asa e iys part fom t munii iyisl. Btmlyv. wood, pa t nt n ntt e ae r he cpalt tef' z e Nor ); No. 3:0c 1 v000264, 0W L 3063779,a * ( D.Va. 201 t 5 E. Aug.4,201 (r tngcamsa ns t 0) teai li gai t he RihmondPolc De rme a camsa i tt CiyofRihmond) Tohol amunii lt c ie pat nt s li gans he t c . d cpaiy la eunde j 1 t pli ifmus alget tt munii iyde i dt pli ifo hi ibl r 983,he antf t le ha he cpalt prve he antf f s r g spur ua t a of i al i y orc t . See M o l v.D e tof Soc a Ser . Ciy of i ht s nt o n fci polc us om ne l p' i l vs of t N. , 6U. 65 , 9 ( 9 8 ; ak rv. ic Ge r esCnv.M d.5 F.d4 6 4 ( t Y.43 S. 8 6 4 1 7 ) W le Prn e o c ' t s , 75 3 2 , 31 4h Ci.2009) Furhe ,toltcilca ciy s t ge r l rprs ntbuta he wa ofpla ngan r . t r çl fi a pa t uis nealy e e e not r y e di a i a i tt e tt ofw hi h t ofi e i a a nt a da a m ay be a a de a i ta cton ga ns he n iy c he t c r s n ge , nd m ges w r d ga ns def nda i hi ofi i lca c t onl i t y woul ber co r bl agans t gove n e al e nt n s fc a pa iy y f he d e ve a e i t he r m nt 3 e iyis f' Hughesv. a ns p,67 F. 403,406( hCi.1 2)(iain o te ;s ntt tel. ' Blnke hi 2 2d 4t r 98 ctto mitd) ee as Ke t c yv Grh m, 7 U. 1 9 1 5( 9 5 . lo n u k . a n 4 3 S. 5 , 6 1 8 ) H e e,Ga dnerha s d t o m uni i ltesa a num be ofm uni i e pl esi t i r r s ue w c pa ii nd r c pal m oye n he r of i alc pa ii , he hasf ied t m a a alega i w ha s fci a c tes but a l o ke ny l tons t oeve r r ng a m uni pa r ega di ci l polc orc t t tl t t c tt i na vi a i he alege . I t a Ga d rm e el iy usom ha ed o he ons iuto l ol ton l s ns e d, r ne r y des rbe t ofi er 'conduc durng t s r h,alege t tt s r h wa r n wa ba e on c i s he fc s t i he ea c l s ha he ea c ra t s s d not ng m or t n t w or ofa hea l m e c t d hos cepa i nt a c udest the i hi e ha he d viy di a e pi te , nd oncl ha s e il d t dn age ba e on a Fourh A m e entvi a i G a dne ' co pl ntt r f e f is ntte o m s s d t ndm ol ton. r r s m ai he e or a l t s a e a c ai a i tt polce de r m e s a t ofk er i t rof i a c pac tes l a o t t l m ga ns he i pa t nt nd he t s n hei fci l a ii . n ny e ,e i Ga dne ha s d t polc ofi e si t i pe s lca c te , sc vent ven f r r d ue he i e fc r n her r ona pa ii s hi ompli i ant s a m os entr l de d ofs c t f t la l t o r ar ng any pa tc a ofi er l t i e y voi pe ik ac ua lega i ns eg di ri ul r fc . A c or ngl t c tgr nt t de e nt m otons a di m i s Ga dne ' com pl nt c di y, he our a s he f nda s' i nd s s es r r s ai w ihou pr l di e.2 t t e' c u 111. Fort r as s a e t c tg a s t de e he e ons t t d, he our r nt he f ndant 'm otonst di m i s s i o s s. . EN TER : une 1 , 201 J 0 3. . . j ' ' - ,: , :. . fz 7 .. ::. :. :. . , .e:; ,,-L -jj ), . 1. '. - . '' ' . . .< ' ( z...F . ' .' .' z UN I TED STA TES D I STRI J G E CT UD 2Thecou tnot t tG adnerr po dt t dee nt'motonst dimisby flngam oto f r es ha r es nde o he fnda s i o s s ii in or s mmayj g n.Gie ta Gad e h sn tsp o tdhsmo inwi e d nc o ma a ysro atmp t u r ud me t v n h t rn r a o u p re i to t vie e r de n eius te to h esabls t a e ofag nediput t c tde est moton. Se Fe R. v.P.5 t ih he bs nce enui s e,he our ni he i e d. Ci 6. 4

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