Collier v. Land & Sea Restaurant Company, LLC
Filing
412
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 10/16/15. (eot)
CL S OFFI U.S. ST COURT
ERK'
CE
DI .
AT RG NOKE,
VA
FI
LED
CcT 16 2 1
25
I THE UNI
N
TED STATES DI UCT COURT
STI
FO R TH E W ESTERN DI
STRI OF V I GF I
CT
R N A
R OAN O KE DI I ON
V SI
JUL
D
BK K c.
' tuax
D
R OBERT J COLLI
.
ER,
Pl i if
antf,
Ci lAci No. 1
vi ton
7: 3CV001
04
M EM O M NDUM OPI ON
NI
LAN D & sEA RESTA UR AN T
COM PANY,
LLC,d/ aFRANKI
b/
E
Ro w lo o ' STEA K H OU SE,e a .
s
t 1,
By: on.G l n E.Con a
H
e
rd
Chi Unie Stt sDiti tJ
ef t d ae src udge
Def nda s
e nt .
Thi c ei pr e ty be o et c ton t moton f vol a y dimi s lfl by t
s as s es n l f r he our
he
i or unt r s s a ied he
Plitf,a d t j itmoi n t bf r ae fld b La d & S a Re tu a t Co n ,LLC
an if n he on to o iuc t ie y n
e sa r n mpa y
(La d & Se ',Pef r nc F o Gr u I c (s ro ma c ',a d Ca e Co S lfs &
E n
t
a' ro ma e o d o p, n . ç f r n e) n p d helih
)
pe
he l ng e
,
Se f o Co a y (t p Co ' (olci ey t ç ee a t' For t folow i r asons
ao d mp n t e d' c l tv l, he ç fnd n s).
ca
) e
d
bot m o i wilbede ed.
h tons l
ni
Backaround
The pl ntf , Robe t J Colir s f r f om Guil n- r é s
ai if
r . le , ufe s '
r
lai Ba r yndr e, a pe i r l
om
rphe a
ne o t c dior rt tc ca e wen s a pa al i. Colir c e t tt dior r
ur pahi s de ha an us
kne s nd r yss
le ontnds ha he s de
wa ti ger d by pa aytc s lûs poioni whih he c am s t ha s f r d afe eai
s rg e
r l i he l h s ng, c
l i o ve ufe e tr tng
oyse s a Fr nki Rowlnd' St ac us i Aprl of 2011 t t we e alege y t nt wih
tr t a e
a s e lho e n
i
ha
r l dl ai ed t
s xioxi
a t n.
O n M a c 1 201 ne ry t ye r a tr e tng t o t r ,Coli r fl d s t a i t
r h 9, 3, a l wo a s fe a i he ys e s
le i e ui ga ns
La & Se ,t ow ne a ope a or ofFr nki Rowl nd' ,a s tng c a m s f ne i nce a
nd
a he
r nd
rt
n e
a s s eri l i or glge
nd
br a h of i ple wa r nte . The c s was as i d t Se or Unie Stt s Ditit J
ec
m i d ra is
ae
sgne o ni
t d a e src udge
Jann C . Tur l
es
k.
Co le tl a n nded c
lir ied n me
ompl i agans La & Sea o Aprl30,201 Two we ks
ant i t nd
n
i
3.
e
lt r Land & Se fl d at r pa t c
ae,
a ie hid- ry ompl i a i tPe f
ant gans ronna e isf s i r as e tng a
nc , t ood upple , s ri
cai f r i mnii a i Pe f r a e t n fld a f t pary c
l m o nde fc ton. r o m nc he ie
ourh- t ompl i a i tSa Rus
ant gans m
t
Se f o , n . C m Ru t' i sao d s p le,o J n 1 , 01 . OnAp i 3 201 Sn Rus
a6 d I c (&
Sn
s', t e f o u p ir n u e 3 2 3
) s
rl , 4, m t
fl d a t h- t c
ie
m pary ompl i agans Ca Cod,is oyse s i r a o M a 8,201 Ca
ant i t pe
t
t r upple , nd n y
4, pe
Co fldasx h p ryc mplita an tNo m Blo & So LLC (d r B1o ',heo se
d ie it - a t o an g is r o m
n,
G m o m' t y tr
No
)
ha v t .
r eser
On M a c 26,201 be or s m e oft pa tesw e e br
rh
4, f e o
he r i
r oughti o t c e,Unied St t s
nt he as
t
ae
M a sr t J
gita e udge Rober S.Ba l e e ed a or rs ti t c e f ti lon Oc obe 6,201
t
lou ntr n de e tng he as or ra
t r
4
t ough Ocobe 17,201 a r quii t c
hr
t r
4, nd e rng he omplton of dic r by Se e
ei
s ove y
pt mber 1,201
4.
J
udge Bal u s e nty n e d t s he i o de on Aprl22,201 He c iue t
lo ubs que l m nde he c dulng r r
i
4.
ontn d he
j r tilt Ma c 2 ,2 5 tr u h Ap i 3 2 5 a e tn e t e ds o ey d a ln t
u y ra o rh 3 01 h o g
rl , 01 , nd x e d d h ic v r e d ie o
J nua y 1 201
a r 7, 5.
On M a 2 ,20 4,J g Tt k ta se e te c s t t e u d rine dsrc j g .
y 2 1 ud e l rn fn' h a e o h n e sg d itit ud e
r
d
Appr m ael fve mont l tr on Oc o 21 201 t pli ifm o d t c i t ti l
oxi t y i
hs ae ,
t ber , 4, he antf ve o ontnue he ra
a e e t dico r de i s be a e one ofhi a t ne r quie s ge y. J
nd xt nd he s ve y adlne , c us
s tor ys e r d ur r udge Ba l
lou
g antd t moton o Oc obe 29, 201 Tha s me da J
r e he
i n t r
4.
t n
y, udge Ba l e e e a s cond
lou nt r d
e
a nde she i o d r whih c i d t j ' ti t Se e r 8, 201 t ough
me d c dulng r e , c ontnue he ul ral o ptmbe
y
5 hr
Se e r25, 5,a e e d t dic r dea i t J 30,2015.
pt mbe
201 nd xt nde he s ove y dlne o une
lJ
udgeTur i now de e
ks
ceas d.
2
Se r lmont lt r t pa te c i
ve a
hs a e , he ris onfnned t tt y we e oft o ni t tt ti l
ha he
r
he pi on ha he ra
c d notbe c plt d i t tmefn s tf t i t s c a e d s hed i or r a
oul
om e e n he i r me e orh n he e ond m nde c ulng de , nd
t t t c e c d t ke up t sx wee t t y. The t i i now s he e f M ay 31 201
ha he as oul a
o i
ks o r
ral s
c dul d or
, 6
tuough J y 8,201
l
ul
6.
The c s i pr e l be or t c to t pl i ifs m o i f r vol a y dim is l
a e s es nty f e he our n he antf
ton o
unt r s s a
a dt d fn a t' on mo int bf r ae Th c u t edah a igo t emoin o Au u t
n he ee d n s j it to o iu c t. e o r h l e rn n h to s n g s
to
ve e ul if d nd z i or e e
26,201 2 Them o i nsha be n f ly bre e a a erpef r viw .
5.
Di cuss on
s i
1
.
M oton f V ol ar D i m i s
i or unt v s s al
On J ne25 2 5 Co le mo e t ds s t c s wih u p eudc , u s a tt Rue
u
, 01 , lir v d o imis he a e t o t rj ie p ru n o l
41a( )o t e Fe e a Ru e o Ci lPr c d r . çl e 41a ()alws a p anif wih te
()2 f h d r l ls f vi o e u e ç ul ()2 l
l
o
litf, t h
a p o a o t c u t t ds s v ln aiy a a to wih u p eu iea a y tme' Da sv.
p r v l f he o r, o imis ou trl n cin to t rj dc t n i . vi
'
US Co , 9F.d 1 7 ,1 7 ( t 1 8 ) Th r l p o d s i p rie tp r, sf l ws
X p.81 2 2 0 2 3 4h 9 7 . e ue r vie ,n e t n a ta ol :
n
o
Ex e ta p o ie i Rue41a( ) a a to ma b ds se a tep anifs
c p s r vd d n l ()1, n ci n y e imis d t h litf
r que tonl by co to de ,o tr st tt c tco i r pr r ....Unl s
e s y
ur r r n e m ha he our nsde s ope
es
te o d r sae oh r s ,a ds s a u d r ti p r g a h ( ) i wi o t
h r e tts t e wie
imis l n e hs a a rp 2 s t u
h
prj d c .
eu ie
Fe R. v. 4 ()2 .
d. Ci P. 2 a( )
The Unie St t s Co ' ofAppe s f r t Fo t Cic thas he d t t a moton f r
td ae
ul
t
al o he urh r ui
l ha
i o
v ln ayds sa u d rRu e41a( )ç ho l n t d n e a s n s b tnil eu iet te
ou tr imisl n e l ()2 s u d o be e id b e t u sa ta prj d c o h
s
dee n.' Ande v.Ves ntCop .788F. 1 1 ( h Ci.1 ;s ealo Da s 81
fnda t'
s
ra
,
2d 033, 036 4t r 986) e s vi, 9
F. a 1 ( evi t tSll pupos ofRul 41a( i t alw vol aydimis s
2d t 273 obs r ng ha lthe
e
e ()2) s o lo
untr s sal
2 nAu us 2 , 01 ,h c u tas h adag nso t rn we moinsfrs mmayj d n
O g t 6 2 5 te o r lo e r rume t n he e e d to o u r u gme t
fl agai tSa Rus by Land & Seaa Pe f ma . Thos motonsFilbeaddr s d i ase ae
ied
ns m
t
nd ror nce
e i
l
es e n par t
me a
mor ndum opi on.
ni
3
u e st pa t swilb ulary prj d c d). Th Co r h si e tfe s v r lfco st t
nls he ri l e r il eu ie '
e
f
e u t a d n iid e ea a tr ha
dititc t m a c i ri de i ng whehe avolmt r dim is lwoul r s ti s t nta
src ours y onsde n cdi
t r
t ay s s a
d e ul n ubsa i l
p eudc .S c fco si cud : 1 t panifsd lg nc i mo ngf ravou tr ds sa,
rj ie u h a tr n l e û ) he litf ii e e n vi o
(
lna y imis l
( )t esa eo t ltg to i ldngted fnd n ' ef r a d e p ns i p e a igf rtil
2 h tg f he iiain,ncu i h e e a ts fo t n x e e n rp rn o ra,
a d ()t a e u c o t plitf se pa t n f rten e t dimis' Fiei Bn k PLC
n 3 he d q a y f he an if x lnai o h e d o s s. d ly n
o
'
t
v. Fo S p ic N. ,2 2 F.Ap x 8 8 ( t Ci.2 0 ) s e as Ho r v I
N. x hipn V. 4
p' 4, 9 4h r 0 7 ; e lo wad . NOVA
He 1hCaeS r s, 0 F. p' 1 6 1 ( t Ci. 0 8 .
at r e v .3 2 Ap x 6 , 79 4h r 2 0 )
Appl ng t e f t s i t i t nt c s ,t co tc l
yi hes ac or n he ns a a e he ur onc udes t ta vol a y dim i s l
ha
unt r s s a
wi u p eu ie wo d s b tnily p eu ie t d fn a t. At te tme te plitf s
t t rj dc ul u sa tal rj d c he ee d n s
ho
h i h an if
m o i wa fl d,t s c s had be n pendi f ove t ye r and t doc tc aned 300
ton s e hi a e
e
ng or r wo a s
he ke ont i
e res i l ng t r pa' compl nt,m o i t dimis a we s t c
nti , ncudi hid- ly
t
ai s tons o s s , ns r o ompli s dico r
a nt, s vey
moin ,a d moi n f r s mmay j d me t Th d a l e f r c mp eig ds o ey wa
to s n
to s o u r u g n . e e di o o ltn ic v r s
n
c os y a oac ng,a wa t de dlne f rflng dipostve motons The de e nt i cae
l el ppr hi s s he a i o ii
s ii
i .
f nda s ndi t
t tt e si dic r i l
ha he xitng s ove y ncuded mor t n t nt i de ii nsc
e ha we pfve posto onduc e i sx dif r nt
t d n i fe e
sa e ,tn ofwhih we e ofe r wines es Ac or ngy,by t tm e t pl i ifs moton
tts e
c
r
xpe t t s . c di l
he i he antf
i
wa fl d, t de e
s ie he f ndant ha e nde sg fc t tme, money, a efor e gi i
s d xpe d i niian i
nd f t nga ng n
di c ve y,pr pa i dipostve moto , a plnni f ti . On t s r co d,t co t
so r
e rng s ii
i ns nd n ng or ral
hi e r he ui
co l s t tt sa oft ltga i a t tmi oft pl ntf sm o i n wei a ns
ncude ha he t ge he ii ton nd he i ng he ai if
to
gh gai t
pe m itng a vol a y di m i s l
r ti
unt r s s a .
Thec tas c udest tt pl i ifha no pr de a ade t bassf rt nee
our lo oncl
ha he antf s t ovi d n qua e i o he d
t di m i sa t s s a oft pr ee ngs Hi i ta brefi s
o s s t hi t ge he oc di . s nii l i n uppo toft m oto pr de no
r
he
i n ovi d
e a to f rt r le s
xpl nai n o he ei f ought Dti t hea i on t m o i pli ifsco eli c t d
. u ng he rng
he ton, a ntf ' uns ndia e
t a t d cso t s e d s sa wih u p eudc wa ba e , a la t i p r, o t
h t he e iin o e k imis l t o t rj ie s s d t e s n a t n he
4
de e n s e f t t biur a e t i s s ofla lt a dn ges a ti . Fort r as s t
f nda t ' fors o f c t he s ue
ibiiy nd ma
t ral
he e ons e
f t be o ,how e r t c tag e s w ih t pl i if t tbiur t o i i ppr i t i t s
orh l w
ve , he our r e t he a ntf ha f ca i n s na opra e n hi
c e a t , ha t de e nt 'm o i i t s r a d m us be de e
as nd, hus t t he f nda s ton n hi eg r
t
ni d.
Tot e e t tt pli ifas s
he xtnt ha he a ntf lo ugge t d t tt c s co d be ti d s
se ha he a e ul
re oone i i w e e
r ft r
volmt z y dim is a r fld i sae co t t c r i t r uade Si t c e wa
t ail s s ed nd e ie n t t ur, he ou t s mpe s d. nce he as
s
r a sg d t t d k to t et esg e dsrc j d e tej r tilh sb e c n iu d o
e sine o he oc e f h md rin d itit u g , h u y ra a e n o tn e n
t oc so ,t fr tofwhih wa a t be s of pli tf s c
wo ca i ns he is
c
s t he he t
a n if ouns l The tilwa m o e
e.
ra s r
r e l c ntnue f om Se e be 8 201 t M a 31 201 a t r t pa te c im e t t
ec nty o i d r
pt m r , 5 o y , 6, f e he r i s onfr d ha
t y woul lkey r quie sx we kst ty t ca e r t rt n t e we a pr ded i t
he
d i l e r i e o r he s , ahe ha hz e eks s ovi
n he
s cond a a nde s hed i o der The ne sx- e ti s hed e was t ea le t on t
e
n e d c ulng r .
w i we k ral c ul
he ri s
he
c tsc l nda t twasas a lbl f a1oft a tnz i ve i t ca e a t co t
our' a e r ha
lo vaia e or l he to eys nvol d n he s , nd he ur
s rousy doubt t tt c s co d pr e d t ti a s ne i t pli tf wa pe ted t
ei l
s ha he a e ul oc e o ral ny oo r f he a n if s nnit o
r ei sa ec t
efl n t t our .
Fora1 oft s r a ons t co tco l
1 he e e s , he ur ncudes t tper ti t pl i ift volmt rl
ha
mitng he antf o t a iy
ds s t c s a ti sa e o t epr c e ig wo l s bsa tal p eu ie te d f n a t.
imis he a e t h s t g f h o e dn s ud u tnil rj dc h e e d n s
y
A cc di y,hi m o i n t di m i s wilbe de e
or ngl s t o o s s l
ni d.
I.
I
M oton t B iur at
i o f c e
Th c u t lno a d e sted fn a t' on mo int b f c t .Alh u hti c u t
e o r wil w d r s h ee d n s j it to o iurae t o g h s o r
ofe biur a e t labiiy a dnmag pha e of cvi til ,J
tn f c t s he i lt nd
es
ss
i l ra s udge Tur r r l di s
k a ey d o.
Cons que ty,t pr t i or r w hi h w e e orgi ly e e e i t s ca e w hie i w a s il
e n l he e ral de s
c
r i na l nt r d n hi s , l t s tl
a s gne t J
s i d o udge Tur m a no m e i n of bi ur a i Thus a a pr tc lm a t r ba ed on
k, de
nt o
f c ton.
,s
ac i a
te , s
J e Tur s s a r pr c i e and t a e of a bi u ca i n pr s on i t pr ti lor r ,
udg
k' t nda d a tc
he bs nce
f r to ovi i n he e r a de s
5
t c tbele t tt pari swoul ha r s bl unde sood t tt is s ofla lt
he our ives ha he te
d ve ea ona y
rt
ha he s ue
ibiiy
a dd ma e wo dn t ep e e tdt t ejlyi ab fr ae fs in.
n a g s ul o b r sn e o h t n iuc td a ho
r
The is of biu c to wa no f ma l r ied by t de e nt untl t i t nt
s ue
f r a i n s t or ly as
he f nda s i he nsa
m o i wastld on Jme 5,2015,ove a yea a trt c s wa r a sgne Fo t f l wi
ton
èe
t
r
r fe he a e s e s i d. r he olo ng
r as ,a i ke pi wih J
e ons nd n e ng t udge Tur ssa r pr tc t co twilde t de e nt '
k' tnda d aci e, he ur l ny he f nda s
m oi
ton.
Th d fn a t' moin i g ven d b Ru e 4 ( ) o t e Fe ea Rue o Cii
e e e d n s to s o r e y l 2 b f h d r l ls f vl
Pr c dle whihpemistec u to o d raspaaetilo o o mo espaaeis e Cfo
o e t , c r t h o r t r e e rt ra n ne r r e rt su s t lr
r
l
c n e e c , oa o dp eu ie o t e p dt a de o o z . Fe . Ci. 4 ( ) W hehe
o v nin e t v i rj dc , r o x e i n c n mie' d R. v P. 2 b . t r
e
'
t bf rae a tilt e t s r l i c mmitd t t ç o n d s rto ' o te tilj g .
o iu c t ra md r hi ue s o te o he s u d ic ei n' f h ra ud e
s
Bo ev. o rl, 9F. 4 , ( t Ci.1 5 ) t epat r q si spaaetil b aste
wi S rel20 2d 9 51 4h r 9 3 . Th ry e uetng e rt ras e r h
b r e o c n n i te c u tta s c a e ecs o i ds rto wil( )p o t ge tr
u d n f o vicng h o r h t u h n x r ie f t icein l 1 r moe r ae
s
c n e e c t t ep ris wi se , u o s a t ec u t ( )b c n u iet e p dto a d
o v nin e o h a t , t s s j r r, nd h o r, 2 e o d cv o x e iin n
e ne
e o my a ()n trs ti u d e p eudc t a y p ry. F&G S r li M o e LLC v.
c no , nd 3 o eul n n u rj ie o n a t '
'
co l
ng us s
I Cor ,1 F. D. ,38 ( . N. 1 ).
BM
p. 90 R. 385 7 M D. C. 999
Ha ng c r f l co i e t pa te a g nt ,t co tfnds t tt de e nt
vi a e uly nsder d he ri s' r ume s he ur i
ha he f nda s
ha f ie t m e tt i btr n ofde o tai t tbiu c ton i wa r nt d i t i t tc e
ve al d o e her tde
m nsr tng ha f r ai s ra e n he nsan as .
I s e ng t biu c t t is s of labiiy a da es muc oft de e nt a gtme
n e ki o f r a e he sue
i lt nd mag ,
h
he f nda s' r l nt
f eson t f c t tadef ns ve di ton t la lt i s woul obvit t ne d f ati l
ocus
he a t ha
e e r c
he i biiy s ues
d
ae he e or ra
o da age . A sot rco t ha r ogni d,how e r t hi pot nta tm e s vi i t e i a l
n m s
he ur s ve ec ze
ve , s s e i l i a ngs s nl n 1
t
biur a e c s s' R.E . Li r St e Er c i Co. I v.W ede eye , Ce ni Cor bi s I .
f c t d a e ,'
nde e l e ton
, nc.
m r r ks nl a nc ,
-
-
5 5 F.S p . 1 3 ,1 3 ( Md.1 4 ,a d G o s n t i is l,j tf biuc to ' i a
8
u p 5 0 5 4 D.
98 ) n t e o , n tef usiy f rain' n
d
patc a c s .ToplneSol i .I .v.Sa e Sys.I ,No.W DQ- 31 201 U. Dit
riulr a e
i
utons nc
ndlr . nc.
09- 02, 5 S. s.
6
LEXI 91 7 ,a * 0 ( M d. uy 1 ,2 5 . Ad i o al ,wh l t ed f n a t c n e d ta
S 7 6 t 3 D. J l 4 01 ) dt n ly ie h e e d ns o tn h t
i
t r woul be ltl ove l ppi e de e dtrng t la lt a da
he e
d
ite
ra ng vi nc li he ibiiy nd mage phas of ti ,
s
es
ral
Coli r m a nt i t t bi u ca i w oul r s t i Ga l o t m e c l ald s e o t m a i
le
i a ns ha f r ton
d e ul n c l f he di a l om f he rne
.
sin e tsi n geng p e e td a an'd rng te d ma e ph s . P1' Br i Op n 1 ,
ce c etmo y b i q r sn e g i' u i h n g s a e . . n p' 0
s
Doc tN o.331. On t s r c d,t c ti una e t fnd t tbiur a i wo d pr
ke
hi e or he our s bl o i ha f c ton ul omot
e
j iile o o o be o g e trc n e in et t epat s t erwi e ss t c u t o t
udca c n my, r f r ae o v n e c o h ri , h i t se , he o r, r he
e
n
j r . Se To ie S lto s 20 5 U. Dit LEXI 91 7 , a * 0 (mp a ii g ta
uy
e pl
n ou in , 1 S. s.
S 7 6 t 3 e h szn h t
l f c to i i p r p it wh n t e d n eo la ii a d d ma e çvelpgl' ( u tn
t urain s na p o rae e he vir c n ib ly n a g s o ra s') q o ig
bi
t
'
7 Ch re Aln W rg t& Arh R.M ilr Fe ea Prcie a d Pr c d r j 2 9 ( d e .
als a
ih
tur
le , d rl a tc n o e u e 3 0 3 d
201 (
09.
Thec u ti as u a l t fn t tbf r ain i ne e s r t a od p tn il rj dc .
b r s lo n b e o i d ha iuc to s c s ay o v i oe ta p eu ie
l a gui t t c r y,t def nda s e
n r ng o he ontar he e nt mpha i e t t ûa labiiy de ii n bas d on t
sz ha ( i lt c so
e
he
e de ei muc pr f r e t a ve di tba e on s
vi nc s
h ee rd o
r c sd
ympahy orc
t
ompr ie. Doc tN o.357 a
om s '
'
ke
t
6. W hiet c tdoesno dia e wih t s g ne a sa e nt i ha no r a on t be ive t t
l he our
t s gr e t hi e r l t t me , t s
e s o le ha
t ej r sae i ti c s wi b u a eo u wil gt p o ry dsi uih b t e e i e e
h u y e td n h s a e l e n bl r n li o r pel itng s ewe n v d nc
l
n
pe t ni t la lt a e de e pe ti ng t da
rai ng o i biiy nd vi nc rani o mage . Addii ly,t co ti of t
s
tonal he ur s
he
o no t a te d fn a t' c n e's r g r ig poe ta p eu ie c n b a d e s d b
piin h t h ee d n s o ç l e adn tn il rj dc a e d rs e y
n
a o it lmii i tuc i . Se i ;s e as Do s v.J e N o.3:4CV 1
ppr pra e i tng nsr tons
e d. e lo t on
os ph,
0
0099,2006
U. Dit LEXI 5 2 6 a * - ( . Va Au 1 ,2 0 )(i- h p tn ilfrp eu ie
S. s.
S 8 0 , t 2 3 W D. . g. 8 0 6 t f e oe ta o rj d c
gl
aiig fo dfe e tcams f rdfee tij re ,e ttig P an ift dfee td ma e , y
rsn r m ifr n li , o if rn n u is n i n litf o ifrn a g s ma
l
bec edby a o it j y i tucto . l ed,t lw prs
ur
ppr prae ur nsr ins nde he a e umest tj iswilt rtnd
ha ure l mdesa
a f l i t ci .'.
nd olow nsnttons'
)
Fo t s r as ,a i ke pi wih J
r he e e ons nd n e ng t udgeTur ssa r pr tc ,t c twilde
k' t nda d aci e he our l ny
t d fn a t' on moint bf c t t is e o l bit a dd ma e .
he ee d n s j it to o i ae he su s f i l y n a g s
ur
a i
Conc us on
l i
Fo t er a o sae ,hepanifsmoinf rv ln ayd s sa wi o t rj d c
r h e s ns ttd t li tf
to o ou tr imisl t u p eu ie
h
a t ed fnd ns j itmo int b fr aewi b d ne .Th Clr i dr ce t s n c p e
nd h ee a t' on to o iu c t l e e id e ek s ie td o e d o is
l
oft sme o a um opi on a t a c pa ng or rt a 1c
hi m r nd
ni nd he c om nyi
de o l ouns lofr co d.
e
e r
ENTER
M
: s l d yo Oco e, 01 .
Thi b a f tb r2 5
ê
Chi Unie S ae DititJ
ef t d t t s src udge
8
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?