Collier v. Land & Sea Restaurant Company, LLC

Filing 415

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 10/26/15. (eot)

CL SOFFI U. DI GOURT
ERK'
CE S. SI
AT ROANOKE,
VA
FI ED
L

I THE UN I
N
TED STA TES D I
STRI COU RT
CT
FO R TH E W ESTERN DI
STRI OF V I N I
CT
RGI A
R OAN OI E D I I ON
C
V SI

2CT 26 2 1
25

JL .Ulx' '1 fDEj
U
vq

c

R OBERT J COLLI
.
ER,

Pl i if
antf,

Ci lAci n No. 13CV 0010
vi to
7:
4
M EM OM N D U M O PI O N
NI

LAN D & SEA RESTA UM N T
COM PANY,
LLcsd/ aFRANKI
b/
E
R OW LAN D ' STEAK H OU SE, ta .
S
e l,

B y;H o Gl n E.Conr
n. e
ad
Chi fU nie St t sD i t i tJ
e
t d a e sr c udge

De e
f ndan s
t.

Ths c s i pr sn l beo et e c u to t r n we moinsfr s mmayj d me t
i a e s e e ty f r h o r n he e e d to o u r u g n
fld a ans Sn Ru tSe f o I .(:a Ru f' b Pefnua eFo d Gr u I .(TFG'
ie g i t m s ao d, nc ( m s ) y ro nc o o p, nc 1 '
S
)
al Lal & Se Re tu al Co n ,LLC Cia d & S a' Fo t ra o stf rh b l w,
l r
d d
a sa r t mpa y
t
n
e '. r he e s ns e o t eo
)
boh motonswilbe g an ed.
t
i
l
r t
Backzround1

The pl i if Robe t J Coli r s f r f om Guil i Ba r s om e a pe i r l
a nt f ,
r .
le , uf e s r
la n- r é yndr ,
rphe a

ne o t c dior rt tc n c us we kne s a pa ayss Colir c t ndst tt dior r
ur pahi s de ha a a e n s nd r l i.
le on e
ha he s de
was ti r by pa al i s lfs poioni whih he c am s t ha s f r d a tr eai
rgge ed
r ytc hel h s ng, c
l i o ve ufe e fe tng
o t r a Fr nki R owl nd' St n us t tw e e a l ge y t i e w ih s xio n.
ys e s t a e
a s e kho e ha r le dl a nt d t a t xi

On M a c 1 201 Colir fl t i t nta ton a ns La & Se ,t owne a
r h 9, 3, le ied he nsa c i gai t nd
a he
r nd
ope aorofFr nki Rowl nd',a s ri ca msf ne i nc a br a h ofi id w= a te .
rt
a e
a s s e tng li or glge e nd e c
mple
nis
La & Se t n fl at r pa t c
nd
a he ied hid- ry ompli agans PFG,t s lfs s ir f rc rbu i
ant i t
is helih upple , o onti ton
a ori m nii a i ' PFG ,i tun,f l d a f t pa t c pl i ,w hi h was l t rr f l a a
nd/ nde f c ton.
n t ' ie
ourh- ry om a nt
c
a e e ied s
c os - l i , a ns Sn Rus , is s lfs s pple , as e tng a cl i f r c r c ual
r s c a m gai t m
t t he l ih u i r s r i
a m o ont a t
lThecoul ha s
' s ummarzed t f t oft sca on s ve alproroc i
t
i he acs hi se e r i casons.Ac di y,i wil
cor ngl t l
outi onl t i o i r l
lne y he nf nnaton eevantt t i tntm otons.
o he nsa
i

i m nii a i
nde fc ton. La & Se lt r a e d is t r pa t c
nd
a ae m nde t hid- ry ompli t s ek a deca aor
ant o e
lr t y

j d me tt a Sa Ru t i r q rd t d fn a d id mniy La d & Se a ans Cole '
u g n h t m s s e uie o ee d n n e f n
a g i t lirs
c ai s
lm .

Bo h oft s cai a ns Sn Rus - PFG' c r cua i m nii a i cai a
t
he e l ms gai t m
t
S onta t l nde fc ton l m nd

La d & Se ' d caao y j g n cam - ae bae o t e id mnfc to p o iin i a
n
as e lrt r ud me t li
r s d n h n e iiain r vso n

F o ev c Pr d cs S p le Ag e me tbewe n PF a d S m Ru t (t e Ag e me f
o dsr ie o u t u p ir re n t e G n n
s th re n ),
t
whi h wa e ut i 200 The i mnii a i pr vi i i i l
c
s xec ed n
9.
nde fc ton o son s ncuded i Seci n 1 oft
n
to 4
he
Agr me ,whih a s i l sapr vii o i ur nce Se ton 1 sa e ,i pe tne pa t a
ee nt
c lo nc ude
o son n ns a . c i 4 t t s n ri nt r, s
f l s
olow :

l mnii a i I tr nc
nde fc ton: nsla e

A.

I mnikai Supple g m Rusqwili mniy,de e a
nde t ton.
ir sa
t l nde f f nd, nd

hol PFG,is afii t a s i a i s a t i ofi r ,diecor ,e pl s
d
t flaes nd ubsdire nd her fce s r t s m oyee
a a nt ,a welasa c t e s ofPFG a is s i a i har e sfom
nd ge s s l
ny usom r
nd t ubsdi res ml s '
r
a a i t a al ga i a s re or da
nd gans ny le tons s e td
mage , la ltes l s s c t o
s ibiii , os e , oss r

e p n e (n l ig r a o a l atr y ' f e) s u h i a y cam,a to
x e s s icudn e s n b e tone s e s o g t n n li cin,
l w s t or pr e ng c
a ui
oce di
onne t d w ih o a i i ou of a o t f l ng
ce
t r r s ng t
ny f he olowi

(ole tvey,: ai ' :
c lci l & ms'
Cl )

2 De t o o iju t a y p ro ,d ma et a y p o e t,o a y oh r
) ah f r n ty o n e s n a g o n r p ry r n te
d
amag o l sr s tng orc am e t ha r ule i whol o i pa t fom a
e r os e uli
l i d o ve es td, n
e r n r, r
ny
q iy or ot r def c i t Pr uc ,w he he l t nt o pa e , o f itr of t
ualt
he
e t n he od t
t r a e r t nt r a lle
he
Pr
oduc t c pl w ih a e e s or i pled w a r nte or a c ai o s rc
t o om y t ny xpr s
m i
ra is
ny l m f t i t
la lt i t t eatngt t Pr t....
ibiiy n or r l i o he oduc

Not t t ndi t f e nj,Supple s l no be la e t PFG t t
wihsa ng he or goi
i r hal t ibl o
o he
e e PFG ' dn a s a e de e m i t r s t f o PFG ' g os neglge e o
xt nt
S m ge r t r ned o e ul r m
S r s
i nc r
wil' mico
lf
ul s nduc . Su ir s l us c
t pple ha l e ouns lr as
e e onabl s if t y t PFG i
y atsacor o
n

t dee e o s h Cl ms PFG s l,wihi tlry ( da afe rcepto
he fns f uc ai .
hal t n lit 30) ys tr e i f
notc of a Cl m a i t PFG ,no iy Supple t r of pr de how e r t t
ie
ai ga ns
tf
i r he e ; ovi d,
ve , ha
f itr of PFG t pr de s h notce t Supple s l not lm i t def ns o
a lze
o ovi uc
i o
i r hal
i t he e e r
i mnii a i o i tons e e t t e e t t t dely ha a m ae i l
nde fc ton blga i , xc pt o he xt nt ha he a
s
t ra
a ve s e f c upon t a lt o t Supple t def nd s h Cl m .
d r e fe t
he biiy f he
i r o e uc ai

I u a c .S p le E a Rusjwil iti
ns r n e u p ir s m t lman an:
1
) Co rilc mp e nsv ge r l la iiy i u a c
mmeca/o rhe ie nea ib l ns rn e
t
(n l ig p o u tla ii i sza c )fo a c rir ra o a y s tsa tr t
icudn r d c iblt n l n e r m are e s n bl aifco y o
y r
P i a mi ml n u to ( t milo d las ( 20 00 0 c mb n d
FG, n
ni z mo n f A) wo lin o lr $ ,0 ,0 ) o i e
m
snge l t f r b dl ij r a . p o ry d ma e i P o ucs icud me t
i l i , o o i nu y n r pe t a g f r d t n l e a,
mi
y
d
pr uc ,poulr por ors af ...;a
od e
t y, k
e ood
nd

2
) Exce sla lt umbrlai urnc i ami mum n t
s ibiiy/
el ns a e n
ni
momt
o ( tn milo d las( 00 00 0 e c o c re c a d i t e a g e aei
f A) e lin olr $1 ,0 ,0 ) a h c ur n e n n h g r g t f
Pr t i l me , oduce poulr po k o s f ....
oduc s ncude at pr
, ty, r r ea ood
The polceswilde i t Pe f r nceFood Gr p Co pa LLC a
ii
l sgna e r o ma
ou
m ny,
nd
is a fla e as a t o l i ur ds a w il be e
t f ii t s
ddii na ns e , nd l
ndor e t pr de c r t a
s d o ovi ontac u l
la lt i ur nc i t a mts c fed a
ibiiy ns a e n he mot pe ii bove,s c fc ly c rng Supple '
pe iia l ove i
i rs
o i tonst de e a i mniy PFG purua t t s Se ton. A c ri a e
blga i o f nd nd nde f
s nt o hi c i
e tfc t

ofi urnc f s h co r ge (ttng t tt polcis de i t PFG a is
ns a e or uc vea sai ha he i e sgnae
nd t
aflae a a dto li u e s wil ed lv r dt P wi i t n y ( )d y
fi ts s d i na ns rd ) l b eiee o FG t n we t 20 a s
i
i
h
oft e uto oft sA g e m e and a
he xec i n hi r e nt
nnua l t r a t r....
ly he e f e

Agreme j 1 Doc tNo.181 1.
e nt 4, ke
The i mnii to pr vii oft Agr e e wa pr vi l a es ed i t co ts
nde fcai n o son he e m nt s e ousy ddr s n he ur '

J l 21 2 4 me rn u o no d n i S m Ru tsmoin f rsl r j d me to t e
uy , 01 mo a d m piin e yng a
s' to o ï
mma y u g n n h
d ca ao yj d me tcam b o g tb La d & Se . I t to i o ,te c u tma e s vea
e lr tr u g n li r u h y n
a n ha pnin h o r d e rl
r i pe t ni t t no i e oblgai n i t i m ni a i pr son. Specfc ly,t
ulngs rai ng o he tc
i to n he nde fc ton ovii
ii al he
c ur he d t PFG i t o y pa t t t i r uie t gi notc of a c a m t Sam Rus ,a
o t l hat
s he nl ry ha s eq r d o ve i e
li o
t nd
t t t i m nik a i n pr s on i pos s no s h r ui e e on PFG ' c t e s See J y
ha he nde f to ovi i m
e
uc eq r m nt
S us om r .
ul

21, 4 M e .Op.9- 3,Doc tNo.1 The c tf rhe he d PFG fr tr c i d ç tceofa
201
m
1
ke
71.
our u t r l
is e e ve ç i
no
Cl i ,'f pur e of t Agr e e ,whe i wa s r d wih a c
am ' or pos s
he
e m nt
n t s e ve
t
opy of t t r pa t
he hid- ry
co a n fl d by Land & Se a t tt no i ePFG s e nty pr dedt Sn Rus ç
mpli t ie
a, nd ha he tc
ubs que l ovi o m
t'
was
s fc e ...t ti r Sam Rus ' d y t de e a i m niy La & Se ' I a 1
ufii nt
o rgge
ts ut o f nd nd nde f
nd
a. d. t 3.
'

Ac or ngy,t c 'de e Sa Rus' moto frs
c di l he oul nid m ts in o ummayj
t
r udgme .
nt

On Au u t 1 , 2 4 P mo e fr s mmay j d me t o is c n rc l
g s 8 01 , FG
v d o u r u g n n t o ta ma
i m nik a i cl i aga ns Sa Rus . On A ugus 30,201 La & Se m o f s l m ar
nde t ton a m
i t m
t
t
4, nd
a ved or lm
y

t
d
rng
hos
i
j g n o isd caao y j g n cam. The cotrthel a hea i on t e m otons on
ud me t n t e lrt r ud me t li
D e m be 22, 4.
ce r 201

A f w mont afe t he rng, t c ' r e t t Sa Rus wa e il t t
e
hs tr he a i he oul uld ha m
t
t s ntted o he

pr
oducton o c rai i or ton ge r t by La & Se s la lt i trr whih r l t d t
i f e t n nf ma i
ne aed
nd
a' i biiy nsle , c ea e o

wh n La d & S a r c i d n tc o Cole ' ile s a d ij y t e poe ta c us s o h s
e n
e e eve o ie f l rs ln s n nur , h tn il a e f i
i

ile sa d ij r ,a d hi p tnilcam a an tLa d & S a Be a s t e c u twa o t e
l s n nu y n s o e ta li g i s n
n
e. cue h o r s f h
opi on t tt edoc e sc ul bei t p r td t s
ni ha hos
um nt o d n e ee o ugge ta d fe e f c ua s na i t n t t
s if r nt a t l ce ro ha ha
whih t co tc i r d i r rng is e zir o ni on Sn Rus ' m o i n f r s
c he ur onsde e n ende i t a le pi on
m
ts to o umm a y
r

j d me t a dc u dn c s iaea dto a ds o ey o ten tc is er ie i r s o s t te
u g n , n o l e e stt d iin l ic v r n h oie su as d n e p n e o h
moi frsl r j
tons o tmmay udgme ûl by PFG a La & Se ,t co tde e t moi f r
nt ed
nd nd
a he ur nid he tons o

s mmayj d me twi u p eudc t rfl gu o t c mp ei no a dto a d so e y
u r u g n t t rj ie o eii p n he o lto f d iin l ic v r .
ho
n
PF a La d & S aha e sn e rne d t i mo in f rs mma yj d me t The
G nd n
e v i c e we her to s o u r u g n .
c 'hel ahe rng on t r ne d m o i nso Augus 26,201 The motonsha bee f l
oul d
t
ai
he e we
to n
t
5.
i
ve n uly
bre e a a erpef r vi w.
i f d nd r i or e e
St
andar o R e e
d f vi w

An a r o s mm ay j d me ti a p o rae ift e mo n s o t tt ee i n
wad f u z u g n s p r p it û h va t h ws ha h r s o
i

g n i ds u e a t a y maeilf c a d t mo a ti e t ld t j d me ta a ma tro
e une ip t s o n tra a t n he v n s ni e o u g n s
t
te f
lm ' Fe R.Ci P.5 () l c n iei a moin f rs mmayj d me t t e c u tmu t
a ' d.
v. 6 a . n o sd rng
to o u r u g n , h o r s
viw t f c s Sn t lg mos f vor bl t t non- ovi pa t ' Dulney v.Pa ka ng
e he a t ç he i ht
i
t a a e o he
m ng ry.'
a
c zi

Co p o Am.6 3F.d3 3 3 0(t Ci. 1 ) Towi sa asl r u me tmoin,h
r . f , 7 3 2 , 3 4h r 20 2 .
t tnd l
h
mmayj dg n to t e
no m ovi pa ' m us pr uc s fc e e de
nng l y
t
t od e uf i nt vi nce f o w hi h a r as bl f t i r c ul
r
'm
c
e ona e ac fnde o d

rtr a v r iti is fvo . An es n v.Lie t Lo b .I . 4 7 U..2 2,2 ( 9 6 .
eun ed c n t a r
d ro
b rv b y nc, 7 S 4 48 1 8 )
ç
t
conc us r or s c a i a l ga i ns do nots fc ,nor does a G er s i il of e de e'i
l oy
pe ul tve le t o
ufi e
m e c ntla
vi nc n

4

s p o to ( n n mo n p ry s c s . Th mps n v.Poo cElc Po rCo,3l F.d
u p r f t o - vig a t'q a e' o o
he
'
tma e . we . 2 3

6 5 6 9 (t Ci.2 0 )(uoi Phli v CS Trn psI . 1 0 F.d 28 ,28 (t Ci.
4 , 4 4 h r 0 2 q tng - il . X a s . nc, 9 3 5 7 4h r
ps
1 )
999).
Di
scuss on
i
1.

PFG ' R ene ed M ot on f Sum m arv Judam ent
S
w
i or

PFG co e
nt nds t t Sa Rus i c t a m a l oblga e t de e a i m niy PFG
ha m
t s on r c ly i t d o f nd nd nde f
a i t Coli r s c a m s pur ua t Sec i n 1 oft A gr m e . PFG e phas z s t tColi r
ga ns
le ' l i , s nt o t o 4 he
ee nt
m
i e ha
le

camst h v s frd p ysc lijzisa tre t a o se a Lml & S a sr sa rn ta
li o a e ufee h ia nl e fe ai n y tr t d e ' etu a t h t
r
ng
P o ti e fo Sa Rus a s p idt La d & S a a t a s c ijlisaealg dt
FG ban d r m m
t nd u ple o n
e , nd h t u h n t e r l e o
r
e
ha r s t d fom t ne i nc ofLa & Sea a isbr a he oft i i wa r nt of
ve e ule r he glge e
nd
nd t e c s he mpled r a y
tt sf hum a c um pton. PFG f rhe e
ines or
n ons
i
u t r mphasz s t tLa & Se ha ,i t l ,aleg
i e ha nd
a s n ' ' l ed
un
t tPFG i la et La & Se f rc rbuto and/ i mnii to PFG a gue t ts h
ha
s ibl o nd
a o onti in
or nde fcai n.
r s ha uc

camsa ece ry l o n ce wih o a igqo to 'apes na ij r çe utn o came t
li r lal t n e td t r rse u f
c
ro l nu y E s lig r li d o
r
ha ers le ,i whoeo i pa tfo a y . . d fc i te (h lss s p id b Sn Ru t,
v e utd n l r n r, r m n . ee t n h s el h u pl y m sj
e
wheh rltn o pae t'o tetalr o te gh lss s p le b S m Rus)t c mpl wih
t e ae t r tn ' r h t ile f h s el h u pi d y a
f t
too y t
a e es ori i d wa r ntes' a r q r t ti rSa Rus' i mniiato o i a i
ny xpr s mple
ra i ,' s e uied o rgge m
ts nde fc i n blg tons

t e t eAg e me t r e n j1 ( , c e No. 8 - .
md r h re n .Ag e me t 4 A) Do k t 1 1 1
l r pons t t i t ntm o i Sa Rus a g st tPFG i no e il d t s
n es e o he nsa
ton, m
t r ue ha
s t ntte o umm a y
r

j d me tfrt r a o . F rt Sa Rus ag e t tt eei ad s u eo maeilfc a t
u g n o wo e s ns is, m
t r u s ha h r s ip t f tra a t s o
whehe PFG c
t r
ompled wih is oblgai n t no iy Sam Rus of t c am s a i t PFG.
i
t t
i to o tf
t
he l i
gans
Se ond,Sa Rus a guest ti f ly s ts d isi mnii a i oblga i by obt i ng t
c
m
t r
ha t u l a ife t nde fc ton i tons
ani he

i s rn e c v r g r q rd i Se to 1 B) o t Ag e me t a d t a PFG s ul b
n u a c o ea e e uie n ci n 4( f he re n , n h t
ho d e
Ke t
l s oppe ...f om s ki i m niy diec l f o Sa Rus . Br i Opp' t PFG ' M o .f
d
r
ee ng nde t r ty r m m
t' . n
'
n o
S t or

5

Summ .J 2- Doc tN o.186. Fo t f lowi r as ,t c ' c l st tSn Rus '
. 3, ke
r he o l ng e ons he out oncude ha m
t
ts

ag me t ae wi o tmei a d t a P i e tte t sl r j d me to i c nr c l
r u n s r t u rt n h t FG s n ild o l
h
mmay u g n n t o ta ma
s
i mniiaton c am .
nde fc i l i
Tur ng fr t t t notc a glm e adva ed by Sn Rus , t i nn fc i n
ni i s o he
i e r l nt
nc
m
t he nde nii ato

p o iin sae t t( s alwihnt it ( 0 d ysatrrc ito n tc o aCli a an t
r v so tts ha TFG h l t i hry 3 ) a fe e ep f o ie f am g i s
,
PFG,n tf g m Ru t t ee f' r e n j 1 ( , c e No 1 1 1 Th c u'p e iusy
oiy sn
sj h ro .
'Ag e me t 4 A) Do k t . 8 - . e o l rv o l
t
nle t t PFG r ce ved notc of t c a m s a s t d by Coli r a La & Se w he i w a
l d ha
e i
ie
he l i
s ere
le nd nd
a
n t s

s r wih La & Se st r pa t co aito M a 21 201 a t tPFG pr de tm ey
e ved t nd
a' hid- ry mpl n n y , 3, nd ha
ovi d i l
notc t Sa Rus by flng isf lt pa t c
ie o m
t
i t otrh- ry ompli on Jme 1 201 t s m eda t tPFG
a nt t 0, 3, he a
y ha
al o s nta l t e t Sn Rus ' pr i ntr ue tng t tSa Rus i m niy a def nd PFG .
s e
e tr o m
t s es de eq s i ha m
t nde f nd e

l r s o s t PFG' moin frsl r j d me t S m Ru tc n iue t a g t t
n ep n e o
S to o l
mmay u g n , a
s o tn s o r ue ha
PFG wasputo notc muc e rirt n t da e on whi h La & Sea st r pa t c
n ie
h a le ha he t
c nd
' hid- ry ompli
a nt

wa fld.Ho ve,t o y e de ectdt s
s ie
we r he nl vi nc ie o uppol t sarume wa rj ce i t c ts
' hi g nt s ee td n he our'
t
pr vi o ni
e ous pi on:

To t e e t t Sn Rus s
he xt nt ha m
t uggesst tPFG ha no i oft Cl m e ri r
t ha
d tce he ai a le ,

wh n gn e Nes ngt h a c fa t er saza t) o dPFG' ge n fr M ia
e l mi) lo ,he e d he t h etl n t l
r
S l n ie) k
t ta di rha bec
ha
ne d ome i1a t r ha be n a i pe ton,t co tdia e .
1 nd he e d e n ns c i he ur s gr es
I s e cr um sa s o t rsi l dif r ntf t,i mi htbe a que to of
n om ic t nce , r mde lghty fe e ac s t g
si n
f c ast whehe ornott sc
at o
t r
hi onve s to c tt t d notc t PFG. I t sc s ,
r ai n onsiu e
ie o
n hi a e
howe r i i obvi ust tt co r ai n be wee M i a N e s di not as
ve , t s
o ha he nve s to t n ka nd lon d ,
ama troflw,c tt eG i e ofaCli 'a de i i t Agr me .
te
a onsiut ç c
not
a m' s fned n he ee nt
J y 21 201 M e .Op.1 1 Doc tN o.1 . Des t r evi t o
ul , 4 m
3- 4, ke
71
pie ec i ng he pporuniy t c
t t o onduc
t
a tona di c r o t i s ofnotc Sn Rus ha co e f wa d w ih no ne e de e t
ddii l s ove y n he s ue
i e, m
t s m or r t
w vi nc o

s
uppor isa gume t tPFG f ie t pr detmel notc ofColir sca ms I t a e e
tt r
nt ha
a ld o ovi i y i e
le ' li . n he bs nc
o a e de e i cai t tPFG r c ve Gnotc of a Cli 'm or t n t ly da be or
f ny vi nc ndi tng ha
e ei d t i e
a m'
e ha hi
ys f e
PFG fl d is f ur h- ry c pl i aga ns Sa Rus a r ques e t t Sa Rus i m ni y
ie t o t pa t om a nt i t m
t nd e
t d ha m
t nde f

6

a de e PFG,t c tc l st r i no ge ne is ofm ae i lf c a t t si s
nd f nd
he our oncude he e s
nui s ue
t ra a t s o hi s ue,
a t tt notc pr ded by PFG wass fce ,unde t Agr me ,t ti
nd ha he i e ovi
ufi int
r he ee nt o rggerSn Rus '
m
ts
co r c ua i mni ai n oblga i
nta t l nde t to
k
i tons.
Sn Rus ' s ond a gum e - t t i s ts d is i
m
ts ec
z
nt ha t a ife t ndemni a i oblgai ns by
fc ton
i to
m ant i ng r quied i ur nce c r ge - i as wihoutme i. Se on 1 o t Agr e e
i ani e r ns a
ove a
s lo t
rt di 4 f he
e m nt
co a ns s pa a e pr s o gove i Sn Rus ' i m nik a i a i ur nc oblga i ns
nt i e r t ovi i ns
m ng m
ts nde t ton nd ns a e i to .

I a ton t r quii Snm Rus t i mniy a de e PFG agans ce t n t pe ofc am s
n ddii o e rng
t o nde f nd f nd
i t rai y s l i ,
Se ton 1 a s r quie Sa Rus t o an la lt i lr nc t t wo d co r is
ci
4 lo e rs m
t o bt i ibiiy nsza e ha
ul
ve t
i mnii a i oblgai . The co t a e wih PFG t t t i ur e c r ge
nde fc ton
i tons
ur gr es t
ha he ns anc ove a
r uie nt do notlm i o s a t i mnii a i oblga i i
eq r me s
i t r uppl nt he nde fc ton i tons mpos upo Sa Rus .
ed n m
t
l t ad,t i u a e c r ge r q r m e s pr de a tonalpr e ton t PFG by e ur ng
ns e
he ns r nc ove a e uie nt ovi ddii
ot c i o
ns i

t tt r a e a s t a ia e t potntal co rca ms s h a t em adei t i t ntca e.
ha he e r s e s val bl o e i ly ve li uc s hos
n he nsa
s
Ac or ngl t m e e f c t t Sn Rus c
c di y, he
r a t ha
m
t ompled wih t Agr e e ' i ur nc
i
t he
e m nts ns a e
r quie nt doe no r le Sa Rus ofisi m nii to oblga i t PFG.
e r me s s t e ive m
t t nde fcai n i tons o
Fo t s r a ons t c tc l st tt r i no ge ne diput a t a ma e i l
r he e e s , he our oncude ha he e s
nui
s e s o ny t ra

fc,a d t tPFG i e t ld t j g n a amatro lw o isc nr cua i e iiain
a t n ha
s ni e o ud me t s
t
te f a n t o ta t l nd mnfc to
c am a i tSn Rus . Ac or ng y,t c ur wilg an PFG' r we moton f s
li ga ns m
t2 c di l he o t l r t
S ene d
i or umm a y
r

j d me t
u g n.
2Asbot sdesr ogni , t s
h i ec ze he copeofSam Rus' i
ts ndemniic ton oblgatonsca
t ai
i i
nnotbequantfed
i

u tlhec n l ino teltgton ete b ( tnavedc atra1 p aso stlmet' Bri Opqnt
nit o cuso f h iiai , ih r y ç i l rit fe 1a pel, r et n. .n ' o
a
e
'

PFG' Renewed M ot f Sum m.J.4,Doc tNo.
S
. or
ke
359.Att poi ,PFG wilber ponsbl f dicl l
hat nt
l es i e or s osng
t a ountofator ys f i ure i t sca ,and pr se i e de t esabls t ts h f esa e
he m
l ne ' ees nc r d n hi se
e ntng vi nce o t ih ha uc e r
r s
ea onabl Tot e e Sam Rus s
e.
he xt nt
t uggesst tPFG i pr l
t ha
s ecudedf om r overng isa t neys'f es
r ec i t tor
e
be e i f l t tmel de gna ean e r wines on t sis ,t cour dia ees W hiee l
caus t aied o i y si t
xpe t t s hi s ue he
t s gr .
l xpe'
t
t si
e tmony i s
s ometmesnec s y t esa ih t r onabl sofar
i
es al o t bls he eas
enes
eques f a t ne f ,s
t or tor ys' ees uch
t si
e tmony i notr quied i e r c e. Se Taz l Oi Co.v.Unied Vizi aBa 4l3 S. 2d 611 621
s
e r n ve y as
e ewel 1
t
r ni nk,
E.
,

( .1 9 )(1 ti c s , x l tsi n wa n tn c s aybe a s o tea td vt a d tie tme
Va 9 2 <n hs a e e pe' etmo y s o e es r c u e f h fi a is nd eald i
E
t
r c ds(u po t gtea c a yof h tmebildb t atr ya t ra o blneso t h u l rts
e or s p ri h c urc t e i le y he to ne nd he e s na e s f he o ry ae
n
c r d .) s eas M in. wy r M u .n . .v Bazi4 2F. p' 40 5 n.1( hCi. 1 (sx r
hage q'; e lo n La es t Is Co . tl, 4 Ap x , 4 2 4t r 201 ) s pet
'
E
7

I.
I

Land & Se sRe we M oto f Sum m ar Judzm e
a' ne d
i n or
y
nt

The coltlke s c ude t tt undiput f c s e tbls t t La & Se i
tr i wie oncl s ha he
s ed a t sa ih ha nd
a s

e tte t j d me t a a matr o 1w o Comt V1 o is s c nd a n e tidpat
ni d o u g n s
l
te f a n t
l f t e o me d d hr - ry
c mpan,i whc i s e aj d me td ca ig t tS m Rus i r q ie t d fnd a d
o li t n ih t e ks u g n e lrn ha n
t s e ur d o ee n
i m niy La & Sea ag ns Colirs c am s l r s ns t Lal & Sea s m o i f
nde f
nd
ai t le ' l i . n e po e o zd
'
ton or

s mma yj d me t Sa Rus agu sta La d& Se fi dt p o i et l n tc o Cole '
u r u g n, m t r e h t n
a al o r v d i y oie f lirs
e
me
cams Ho v r ti p e ie ag me twa rj ce i t ec u tsp iro i in i whc t e
li . we e, h s r cs r u n s ee td n h o r' ro p no , n ih h
c t l t Agr e e onl o i a e PFG - no La & Se - t notf Sa Rus ofacli
our he d he
e m nt y blg t d
t nd
a o iy m
t
am
a t tPFG tm e y di s
nd ha
i l d o:

The Agr e e pl i y a t mbi uo l s t outt oblgai ns as be we n
e m nt anl nd ma g usy e s
he i to
t e
Sn Rus a a ofPFG' c t r ,s h asLa & Se W hie i o i a e
m
t nd ny
S usome s uc
nd
a.
l t blg t s
Sn Rus t i n niy a de e PFG a Sa c t r ofPFG,'i doesno
m
t o nde n f nd f nd
nd tny usome s
't
t
r quie a no i by t e c t e s onl by PFG . The co tm a not - a
e r ny tce
hos us om r , y
ur
y
nd
wilnot- r a s h a oblga i i o t Agr e e whe e t pa tes co d
l
e d uc n i ton nt he
e m nt
r he ri
ul
ha i l
ve nc uded o a c e nott
ne nd hos
o.

Sa Rus - a n - i r st pl n lng ge o t Agr me is l. W hiet
m
t gai gno e he ai a ua f he ee nt t ef
l he
i
ndem niy pr s on e e s y c e s a be h on PFG ' c t e s i i pos s
t ovi i xpr s l onf r
nef
S us om r , t m e
no no i oblgai a al on t e c t e s t pr vii onl i pos s s h
tce i tons t 1 hos usom r ; he o son y m e uc
a oblgai n o PFG. Thus La & Sea a a t r pa t be fcir i i e
n i to n
, nd
, s hid- ry ne a y, s nde d
bo by t t r soft no ie pr so butt et r r uie o y t tPFG
und
he e m
he tc ovii n,
hos e ms eq r nl ha
g ve no i e. The pa i s c r a ll c ul ha i pos s h a oblga i o a
i
tc
rte e t i y o d ve m ed uc n
z
i ton n
t r pa t be fc a y,butt y c e nott do s The oblga i wilno be
hid- ry ne ii r
he hos
o
o.
i ton l t
i
mpos d by t c t r
e
he our he e.

H e e,... he co te iy co l s t tPFG ga tm e y notc t Sn Rus r
t
ur as l nc ude ha
ve i l
ie o m
t
t on y notc r quied by t A gr e e - a t tSa Rus i t oblga e
he l
ie e r
he
e m nt nd ha m
t s hus i t d
t de e a i mniy PFG a La & Se a i tColi rscai s
o f nd nd nde f
nd nd
a gans
le ' l m .
J y 21 201 M e .Op.10 & 1 Doc tN o.1
ul , 4 m
3, ke
71.

tsi n i n tn c sa i rqurdi 1ytsi n c netbihtera o a ln s o tef ea r '.
e tmo y s o e es rl e ie f a e tmo y a sa ls h e s n be e s f h e wad.)
y
'
8

W hie Sn Rus o ousy dia e wih t c tsnli o t notc is , heco tt
l m
t bvi l s gr es t he our' lngs n he ie s ue t
tr
r mai co nc t tLand & Seawasnotr quie t s pa a ey notf Sn Rus o Colir s
e ns nvi ed ha
e r d o e rtl
iy m
t f le '
c am sa t ,t tSa Rus ' notc de e e i wiho m e i. Be us t undiput f t
l i nd, hus ha m
ts ie f ns s t ut rt ca e he
s ed acs
e t bls t tSn Rus i c r c ual o i a e t de e a i mniy La & Sea a ns
sa ih ha m
t s onta t ly blg t d o f nd nd nde f nd
gai t

Cole ' cams t ec u twil rn La d & Se ' rn we moi nf rsl r j dg n o is
lirs li , h o r l g a t n
as e e d to o l
mmay u me t n t
d caao yj d me t li a an tSn Rus.
e lrt r u g n cam g is m t
Concl on
usi

F rt ra o sae ,hec u t l g a t h moinsf rsl r j d me t ie
o he e s ns ttd t o r wil rn t e to o lmmay u g n fld
a i tSa Rus by PFG a La & Sea
ga ns m
t
nd nd
.The Clr i die t dt s nd co esoft s
ek s rce o e
pi
hi
me o al opi on a t ac ompany ng or rt alc
m r rdum ni nd he c
i
de o l ouns lofr or
e
ec d.

ETRTi Q d oOte21. (
NE:h / a fcb,05
s x y or
t
Chi fUnied St esDititJ
e
t at
src udge