Wooddell v. Barksdale

Filing 15

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 7/2/2013. (tvt)

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IN T H E U NITED STA TE S D IST RIC T C O UR T
FO R TH E W ESTERN D IST RICT O F V IR G I IA
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R O AN OK E D I ISIO N
V
H U GH K EV IN W O O D DELL ,
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EA RL BAR K SD A LE,
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JULA C Du L ,CL
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ERK
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C i lA cton N o.7: cvvi
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H ugh K e n W o
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odde l a V igi a i a e pr ee ng pr s fl d a pe ii f a w r tof
l, r ni nm t oc di
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ha asc pus purua t 28U. C.j225 Re ponde fl amotont dimis a
be or , s nt o
S.
4. s
nt ied
i o s s, nd
pe ii rr s nde m a ng t m a t rrpe f di poston. A fe r vi ng t r c d,1g a
ttone e po d, ki he te i or s ii
l r e ewi he e or
r nt
r ponde ' m oton t di m i sbe us pe ii r scl i s a e eiherpr edur ly ba r or
es
nts
i o s s ca e ttone ' a m r t
oc
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il
1.

The Cic tCot ' ofBa h Count s nt nce pe ii rt a a tve s nt nc ofni
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ut
t
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ne

ye r 'i a c r ton f t c sofpos es i Sc ul 1 contole s t nc a o
a s nc r e a i or wo ount
s sng hed e 1
r ld ubsa es nd ne
c
ountofbe ng a f l n i pos e s on ofa f r a m . Pe ii ne ' a al t t Cour ofA ppea sof
i
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tto r s ppe s o he
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V igi a a t Supr m e Cour ofV igi a w e e uns e s ul
r ni nd he
e
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tt one ie
bea tt on t he
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i t nce ofpr e t i lm i c
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t nd he ne f c i s i t nce
h ral nd ppe l t
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ouns l The Supr m e Cour ofV igi a di m i s d t ha aspe ii afe cons de i t
e.
e
t
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tton t r
i rng he
va i c ai st be eiherpr edur ly ba r orm e il s .
r ous l m o
t
oc
a l r ed
r te s

Peii rtmel fl d t i t n f er lpeii n,a gui fves cii cai s
ttone i y ie he nsa t ed a tto r ng i pe fc l m .
The e de a ti lw asi ufi i t convi tpe ii rofone c
vi nce t r a
ns t c ent o
c ttone
ountofpos es i ofa
s s on
trear ;
i m

Thee de a ti lwa i ufi i t convitpe ii roft co sofpos e son of
vi nce t ra s ns fcent o
c ttone
wo unt
s si
Sc ul 1 contoled s t nc '
hed e 1
r l ubs a es
,

Thetil o r er db s sann teCo n at so j cina db n talwi
ra c u t re y u t iig h mmo we lh' b e to n y o lo ng
evi
dence oft s zur offr m sf om Tonya H ow ar , lr j
he ei es iear r
d s es dence.
,

The pr e ut c m it m i co
os c or om ted s nduc by c m e i d i hi ope ng sa e e t t
t
om ntng ur ng s ni t t m nt ha

wine s Howad a FoxweenotStla'pe ebutti t s ki s ofca e you'
t ses
r nd
r
s elr' opl
s
ûn he e ndgj s s ve
gott us t s ki ofpe e. Pe ii ne a guest tt s s a e entc tt e tg l
o e he e nds
opl ' tt o r r
'
ha hi t t m
ons iut d l uit
by associ i 'by puti pettonerii t cat y ofgun deal as Howar w asw hen
aton'
tng ii
ûn he egor
er
d
she w as pr ousl convi ed ofsai crm es.' Pettonerf heralegest Fox recant
evi y
ct
d i '
ii
urt
l
hat
ed
he pr ors a e e a i t a s i s wasnotpr s ntwih H ow a d w he t gun s l
r i t t m nt nd ns e d a d he
ee
t
r
n he
ae

o c re a t u ,h pr s c trwo dh veha t l t t g a dj yt g ta
c ur d, nd h s te o e u o ul a d o i o he r n ur o e n
e
i c m e a i tpe ii r The pr e uton w asvi c i a t pr ec ort m ped
ndi t nt ga ns ttone .
os c i
ndi tve nd he os ut nl
up t fr r cha ge be aus pe ii rha a bus nes c r c w ih pr e or s f m iy
he iea m
r
c e ttone d
i s ont a t t os cut ' a l
t tt e s ut ' t a di a ee e t
ha ' nt o h' due o
w
s gr m n .

Co n e wa i efci f rf i n ()t r q etaj r til fe t ej d et rae e a
u s l s n fe t o al g a o e u s u y ra a tr h u g h e tn d
ve
i
wines,( t que tonFox a c rai wihW arnCr ve a ()t tl a
t s b) o si
bout onves tons t re a n, nd c o ie
m oton t s tas de t ve di tw he Fox s i a t rt i a be or s nt nci t ts
i o e i he r c
n
a d fe ral nd f e e e ng ha he

pej edhe sl a wa e t rc herti t tmony.
rur ref nd ntd o e ant ralesi
Re ponde a guesi s
s
nt r
n uppor ofa m oton t dim i st tpe ii ' cl m s a e e t r
t
i o s s ha ttoner s ai r ihe
procedur l bar ed orm er tess.
aly r
il
l
I.

Pe ii r a guesi c ai 3 t tt t i c ti pr pe l e l d t tm ony a
ttone r
n l m ha he ral our m o ry xc ude es i
bout
po i s i ng m o e t n f t f r aml f om H ow a d' ho e be or H ow a d pur has d a
lce e zi
r ha ory ie l s r
r s us f e
r
c e
fr r f o pe ii r2 The t dm i s on ofe de e i s a e t i l i o di r l gove ne by
iea m r m ttone .
k
vi nc n t t r a s s r na iy
r d
a si

1 sex a ne i gr a e de ai i s ton I .B.TonyaHowar wast i or a who m a aconr ld pu c s
A pl i d n e t r t l n ec i V ,
d
he nf m nt
de
tole r ha e
ofafr r fom peii ra t tfedatti f t Co m onwea1h. Ti Fox, who ac
ieam r
ttone nd esii
ral or he m
t
na
compani d Howa d t t
e
r o he
c r l pur has ,alo t t fe f t Comm onw e t
ont oled c e s es ii d or he
alh.
2Pe ii rbeleve t e ude e de ewasc iialt e tbls t tHow ad s uggl agu fom he ho e
ttone i s he xcl d vi nc
rtc o sa ih ha
r m
ed
nr
r us

2

saelw. Pe r v. w Ha hie 565U.
tt a ' rv Ne
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,1 S.Ct716,7 ( 2) Fedea
32
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20 201 .
rl

c t ûdo no s tt r vi w t a i s biiy ofevi nce unde s a e 1 w unl s e r ous
our s t
t i o e e he dm s i lt
de
r tt a
e s r one
e dentar r i w er s e r m e ast r ul i a de alofa c tt i ly f i pr e ng.
vi i y ulngs e o xt e
o es t n
ni
ons iutona l a r oc edi '
'

Bur tv.
ke Angel 208F. 1 1 ( h Ci.2000) Se 28U. C.j2254()(i tng
one,
3d 72, 86 4t r
. e
S.
a lmii

fd r l a e srle fo asaec u t u g n o l o t eg o n t t h p tto e i i
e ea h b a eif r m tt o rj d me t ny n h r u d ha t e eiin r s n
c t i vi ai oft Co tt i o lwsorte tesoft UniedStts.
usody n olton he nsiuton r a
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Durngcos e mi to c e ake apolc ofi rwheherûgj r wasapoit
i r s xa nain, ouns l s d
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wheet t kf ces i df t s meodd g fom g-owad'lhomegl'TheCommonwe t
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alh

o j ce t ter lv n eo t if r to b c u eHo r wa no c r e wi a yc i
b e td o h ee a c f he n o mai n e a s wa d s t hag d t n rme
h
r ae t t efr r .Theti c ts t ne t Co
eltd o hos ieams
ral our usai d he mmonwe t sob e ton,a t
alh' j ci nd he
Com m onw e t no e t tt s i ur offr a m s oc ur ed be or Howa d pur has d a fr r
alh t d ha he e z e ie r
c r
f e
r
c e
iea m
f om pettoner
r
ii .

N o c tt i
ons iutonali s w asa g d t t t i lc t and no c tt i li s i
s ue
r ue o he r a our,
onsiutona s ue s
a r ntf o t r cor Pe ii ne hasnotde ons r t d t tpr l ng ques i a
ppa e r m he e d. tt o r
m ta e ha ec udi
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s i e oftr a m sf o H ow a d' hom e m a t t i f
e zur
ie r r m
r s
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m nt l nf i . cor ngl
f der lha sr i i nota ia e t r vi w an e de i r i s bas d on s a e l w ,a 1
e a bea elef s
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( clni t r c t quesi whehe i i avi ai oft duepr s guaa e byt
de i ng o ea h he ton t r t s olton he
oce s rnted he
Fo te hAmendme f evi ncet ti notrlva t ber ei di ac i na ti )
ure nt
nt or de ha s ee nt o ec ve n rmi l ral.

( e p t t efc t efr a msi he h mewe es ie beo et ec nr le pu c s ) sipe t eg n p s t
d s ie h a t h ie r n r o
r ez d f r h o to ld rha e , l d h u a t wo
p
polce ofi er who s a c Fox,H owa d,a Howar sc , m e wih pe ii r a t en ga t s
i fc s
e r hed
r nd
d' ar t t ttone , nd h
ve he muggl gun
ed
t polce ofi r whie s yi s pu c s d t sr r f om pe ii ne .
o i fce s l a ng he r ha e he ea m r
tto r

3

111.
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es ntng s l m o he g s

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e
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tton, ttone d a r nge ' he l i t
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Pe ii rr c t t e s ii e pl s ofpr ec o i lm i c uc i t f de al
ttone e ies hr e pec f c xam e
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peii 1 t pr e t ' o ni sae ntt tasocaedpeiine wih fl Howar a
tton: ) he os cuors pe ng ttme ha s it tto r t eons
d nd

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, he ee ot le d i o he a ur , nd ) he e ut ' ndilve
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4

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os uton ca e
i s s gr em nt
he t t tton' oure l i

r lt t t ep os c trs1 o nngsae n , r2 alg d1et teg a dj r .P tto e
eae o h r e uo ' ) pe i ttme t o ) le e i o h r n u y eiin r
a l ge i t s a e pe ii t tt pr e ut rvi c i l pr e t d hi bec us t
le d n he t t tt on ha he os c o ndi tve y os cu e m
a e he
pr ec orbele d pe ii
os ut
i ve ttonerha (a r l tons p' w ih t pr e or sw ie;how e r
d t e a i hi ' t he os cut ' f
ve ,

pe ii ra guesi t f de a pe ii t tt pr e ut pr ec e pe ii rbec us
ttone r
n he e r l tton ha he os c or os ut d ttone
a e

peii rt dabusnes c rc wiht ( os c or' fmiyl t twe s ut duet a
ttone û
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am a , tto r r ue ral ouns s nef tve or e tng ur

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i t ntpe ii and t s a e ha spe ii n. A cc di l pe ii ne a s f ie t e us s a e
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c 'r me esfrcai 5()
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aus

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Foxt dhe t tHo r we t ( ttonelstalra tidt sl hi a
ol r ha wa d nt o peii r' rie nd re o el m
tr a
i e nn. D oube a it d s w a a convi t d f on.
t dm te he s
c e el

g ttoneltsiidHowada Fox c met hi talra t y s t t m
peii r e tfe
r nd
a o s rie nd he poke o he
a tasoln cosbow.( ttonelde e s li afr r t Howar
bou t e r s
Peii r nid elng ieam o
d.
***

I J nuay201 L ttone )wasi ce f t tr nnofe ea W at
n a r 0, peii r
nditd or he iea f ns nd lon
asitdi g ttonelsars onFe uar 1 201 W at s w g tto r a
sse n peii r' re t
br y , 0. lon a peiinej nd
Lanela g ttone jsssersho ei ave ce a W at sopped
e ve peii r' it ' us n hil, nd lon t
g tto l Ofi rBilW a rf
peiiner. fce l gne oundas l pilbotl i g ttonejsfont
mal l te n peii r' r
pocke t tc aned pr c i i n pil a ac ysa-i r k s t nc W alo
t ha ont i
es rpto ls nd r t llke oc ubs a e.
tn
t s ii d t botl w a nota br
e tt e he te s
own pr c i i botl buti w as a whie bo te a
es r pton te,
t
t tl nd
i r e bl a botl f a ove -he- t m e c ton. A c tf c t ofana ys s
t es m ed
t e or n r t coun er di a i
eri i a e
l i
s e t tt botl c a ned f t n r
how d ha he t e ont i
ouree ound t bl t ofOxycodone a a pl s i
a es
nd
a tc
ba c e c a ni m e ha phe a i
g om r ont i ng t m
t m ne.

La t tfe t Oxyc
ne esiid he
odonea meha
nd t mphea nei g ttonelspoc t
tmi n peii r' ke
beo dt he.Lanetsiid ( ttone lt t s tnc fom he
lnge o r
etfe peii r ook he ubsa es r
r
a oxi a ey t nt m i e prort benga r sed. La e anedt t
ppr m t l we y nut s i o i r e t
ne xpl i ha

g ttonejt t s tnc fom he be us hewasma a he andhedi not
peii r ook he ubsa es r
r ca e
dt r
d
lkehe (doi suf. La tsii d g ttone)ddnotkno wha wa i t
i r t ng t f' ne ette peii r i
'
w
t s n he
botl and onl knew i woul i s' ru La a it d s us d dr wih
te
y
t
d t 'he p. ne dm te he e ugs t
mes

g ttonej butonFe uay 1 201 hewa nol rusngdr a hewas
peii r,
br r , 0,
s onge i ugs nd
upsts wa silusng dugs La admit ( tto r di no fus t d ugs
e he s tl i r . ne
ted peiinej d t l h he r
d n t t l ta hi s s e ' hous
ow he oie t s i t r s
e.
12

Howadt tfe t ta t tmes purha e t fr nnfom g ttonel
r esiid ha t he i he c s d he iea r peii r,
( ttonejs dt theha wrs pai a Foxga hi tleeorf panpil.
peii r ai ha
d it n nd
ve m lr
our i ls
Fo t tfeds s
x esii he howed ( ttonelt botl cont ni Oxyc
peii r he te ai ng
odonea t dhi
nd ol m
t me iainwa f ra1gij r g tto eltsiidFo o fr dhm
he dc to s o e nu y. peiin r e tfe x fe e i
Oxyc
odone, hedi nottkei.( ttone jtsii dhekne Fo ha a
but d
a t Peii r ette
w x d
pr c i i f O xyc
es r pton or
odone.

W ooddelv.Co nweat No.
l
mmo 1h, 2496- 0- si op. t2- ( CtApp. a 1 2011.5q
1 3, lp a 5 Va. .
M y 9, ) e

e de e, he t i lc tf
vi nc t r a our ound pe ii rguit ofpos e s ng t o c r l d s t nce ,
ttone
ly
s s i w ont ole ubs a s
Oxyc
odone a m e ha phe a i a be ng a f l n i pos e s on ofa f r a m .
nd t m
t m ne, nd i
eo n s si
ie r
A fe r vi w i t t i tans rpta ev de i t lg m os f vor bl t t
t r e e ng he ral r c i nd i nce n he i ht t a a e o he
Com m o
nwea t lfnd t ta r tonalti roff ctc d ha f nd be
lh, i ha ny a i
re
a oul ve ou
yond a r a ona e do
e s bl ubt
t pettonerw as a f on and poss ed a fr m and t o cont l s t
hat ii
el
ess
iear
w
roled ubs ances,i vi aton of
n ol i

Vigi aCodej18. 250( a j1 2- 2.TheCommonwe lh' e de eetbls dt t
r ni
2- A) nd 8. 308.
at s vi nc sa ihe ha
pe ii r s d a . c lbe pit t H o a d i a co r l d pur ha e w ih l w e or m e and
ttone ol 38 a i r s ol o w r n
nt ole
c s t a nf ce nt
t tpe ii
ha ttonerknow i y pos e s d m e ha phe a i and Oxyc
ngl
s se
t m t m ne
odone w ihoutapr s rpton
t
e ci i
upon hi ar es .
s r t

Pe ii r doe notpr entcl r a c
ttone
s
es
ea nd onvi i e denc t tt ti c tr s ved a
nc ng vi e ha he l al our e ol
ny

f cu l sueic re t Th tilu eg v mo eweg t ot ee e i l yo t
a ta is n o r cl
y. e ra j dg a e r ih t h r dbit f he
i
Co m o e t sw ine s s t i tga o s i or a ,a eye ine s , s t
m nw alh' t s e , he nves i t r , nf m nt nd w t s es ver us he

c edi lt oft def ns wines es i udi pe ii r hi sse , nd hi gilre 1m a not
r biiy he e e t s , ncl ng ttone , s it r a
s rfind.
y
r de e m i t e e biiy oft wine s ,a t ,Ideci peii ne ' i t ton t dic e t
e t r ne he r di lt
he t s es nd hus
lne tto rs nvia i o s r di
How a d' t s i ony be us s w a apa d i or a ,a f ctknow n t t t i c t Sçe
r s e tm
ca e he s
i nf m nt a ,
o he ral our .

M as alv Lo b r e, 9U. 4 2, 3 ( 9 3 (ttn fd r l a e sr ve d e n t
rh l . n e g r 45 S. 2 4 4 1 8 ) sai g e e a h b a e iw o s o
rdetr net ce biiyofwinese ) Ac or ngl cli 1a 2mus bedimis d.
e emi he rdi lt
t s s. c di y, ams nd
t
s se
C.

Forcam 5( ,c elwa algedl i fe i frnotquesi ngFox a her
li b) ouns s le y nefctve o
toni
bout

alg dsae n t W a rnCr v nt tha s epej r dhes l a tila drc n e h rtil
l e ttme t o re a e ha t t h ru e ref t ra n e a td e ra
e
t tmony.Fo cam 5() c elwa al edl i fci f no flngamotont stasde
esi
r li c, ouns s leg y nefe tve or t ii
i oe i
t ve di tw he Cr ve r pode Fox' i r m i tng s a e e prort t s nt nci he i
he r c
n a n e
d
s nc i na i t t m nt i o he e e ng arng.

Peii rf l t de ci s fce prj c t saeacli ofi fe tvea ssa ofco el
ttone ais o s rbe ufiint eudie o tt am nefci s itnce
uns
f eihe cam 5( or5() Se dic sons aPa'IIC.( susi t Stiklndsa r
or t r li b) c . e s usi upr l I. dic sng he rc a tnda d
t
f i fe tveasitnc ofcouns lcams .
or nefci ssa e
e li )

Th S p e Co r o Vigni d tr n dt a peiine ddn tetbl hp eu ie
e u rme u t f r i a eemie h t t o r i o sa i rj dc
t
s
bec us t r or s
a e he ec d howe t tElox di notc tc c el, ...Cr ve cl medFoxt dhi
d ha i' d
s
ona t ouns gj
'
a n ai
ol m
t ts le a peii rsti gj(ndlCrvenha knownpeiine f ffe nye r .
ha he id t ttone' ral, a
'
a
s
tto r or ite a s'
'
W ooddelv.Di. t De tofCo .No.1 429,si op.a 8( Fe 20,201 .The
l
r of he p'
n,
21
lp
t Va. b.
3)
Supr m e Cour ofV igi a' de s on i w orhy o de e e e. I contas t Cr ve s a l ged
e
t
r ni s ci i s
t f f r nc n
r t o a n' le
assertons,Fox expl ned w hie t iyi att s enci hearng t t onl cont s had
i
ai
l estf ng he ent ng
i hat he y
act he

w ih Cr ve w asa utCr ve co a tng Fox' f t e yea o1 daught r a Fo c usng a
t a n
bo
a n nt c i
s our e n r d
e nd x a i

wa r ntt is a i tCr ve .8 Peii ne c l e tbls t tar a ona epr
ra o s ue gans a n
tto r amot sa ih ha e s bl obabiiy exit
lt s s
t tt t i c tw o d s ta i t fr a m c
ha he ral our ul e s de he i e r onvi to Sufi i ntt i e de e be i Fox'
c i n. fc e ral vi nc s des
s
t s i ony e s ed;Cr ven w a f i ndsw ih pe ii ne f ff e n yea s a di notg tal w ih
e tm
xit
a
s re
t tt o r or i t e
r nd d
e ong t

SFox di nots t tt t o eve s we e r at d.
d
ay ha he w
nt r el e

14

Fox; Fox' tsi
and
s etmonyc r dit Cr ve sale da s ri .Acc di y,cams5(
onta ced a n' lge s e tons
or ngl li b)
a 5()mus bedimis
nd c
t s sed.
V.

Fort f e ng r as , gr r ponde ' m oton t di m i s a di m i st pe ii
he or goi e ons l ant es
nt s
i o s s nd s s he tton

f awrtofha asc pus
or
i
be or .Bas upon my fndi t tpe ii rha no madet r quiie
ed
i ng ha ttone s t
he e st

s tnta s ngofade a ofac tt i lrghtasr quie by28U. C.j2253() a
ubsa il howi
nil
onsiutona i
e rd
S.
c,
certf cat ofappeal lt i deni
ii e
abiiy s
ed.

The Cl k i diec ed t s nd a c oft s M e or nd O pi o a t ac om pa ng
er s r t o e
opy hi
m a um
ni n nd he c
nyi
O r t t pari
der o he tes.

ExrlR: h
r Ti

z.l

.

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a f 2 1.
l
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or t
a e s rc udge