McAirlaids, Inc. v. Kimberly-Clark Corporation et al

Filing 61

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 12/31/2013. (rkc)

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D efendant
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By:Sam uelG .W ison
l
Unied St e Di t i tJudge
t
at s s r c

Thi i a a onf pae i rnge ntunde 35U. C.j271byplitf M c rads
s s n di or tnt nfi me
r
S.
anif Aili

l .i c rads' a ans Ki el clr Co p rto Ki ry clr W olwi e I .a d
nc (t Aili ' g i t mb ry- ak r o ain, mbel- ak rd d ,nc, n
M
)
Ki el - ak Glba S ls LLC ( olci l ( C', rsngo to t ema u a tle
mb ry clr o l ae ,
c le t y : ' aii u f h n fct ,
ve K- )
r
ra ds s r s m
i por a i a s l ofa or ntpads 1 M cAi l i as e t , n ong ot r c a m sf r le ,
m t ton, nd a e
bs be
.
he l i or e i f

die tifi e n u d rj2 ()o ap o u tb - r c s p tn cam,n ie tid c me t
rc n rng me t n e 71a f r d c- y p o e s ae t li id rc n u e n
underj271b) a wiluli rnge nt C hasmo dt dimisM c rads j271a cam
( , nd lf nfi me .Kve o s s Aili '
() li
f r le be us t pr es r s tng i t a lgedl ofe ngpr uc occ si t Pe e'
or ei f ca e he oc s e uli n he le y f ndi
od t ur n he opl s
R e i ofChi a i hasm oved t di m i st i r c i uc m enta w il u i rnge ent
publc
na, nd t
o s s he ndie t nd e
nd lf l nf i m

cl m son t g o mdst tM c radshasnotplusbl pld t ecli s Theco ttndst t
ai
he r t
ha Ail i
a i y e hos am .
ur i ha

Mc rad ma a s r acam f r eifu d rj27 () a e o tep o uc-y p o e sp tn
Aili s y se t li o r le n e
1a b s d n h r d tb - r c s ae t
c ai e n t
l m ve houg t m a a t i pr s occ ls o s de t Unied St t , nd i alo f nds
h he nuf c urng oce s tr ut i he t
a es a t s i
t tM c il i haspl i y pl d i r c i em e a w iluli nge e . A c or ng y,
ha
A r a ds
aus bl e ndie t nduc nt nd lf ngi m nt c di l
t cour w ilde K - ' pa ta m o i n t di m i s
he
t l ny C s ri l t o o s s .

1Thepari wer bef et cour i an e lercasealegi tadem a k i rngem e arsng out
tes e or he
tn
ari
l ng r
r nf i
nt ii
oft aleged tade- es ofK- spads. cour f
he l
r dr s
C'
The
t ound M c il ds'aleged tade- es t be
A rai
l
r dr s o

f ncina, nde tr ds
u to la ne e ummayj g n f rK- M c rad . n v. mbel clr Co p.2 3W L
r ud me t o C. Ailis l c. Ki ry- ak r , 01
37 660( . Va J y 1 ,201 .
88 W D. . ul 9 3)

1.

M c rai al gesK- spr
Ail ds le
C' oduci ofa or
ton
bs bentpa diec l i r ty,a wilu l
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ifi g sU. Pae tNo 66 ,0 (ç ç 0 Pae f', c M c rad o sb a sg me t
n rn e S. tn . ,757 2 :he 7 2 tn ) whih Aili s wn y sin n .
t
Prma iy a is now i Cl m 18oft : Pae ,whi h t pa te a e i apr tbyi rl t s ue
s ai
he 702 tnt
c he ri s gr e s oduc oduc s uc
pr s cli . K - ma acur t a l edl ofe ngpr t, s h asGood t
oce s am 2 C nuf t es he leg y f ndi
Nies
D i pos bl Be M a s i Chi a t n i pors t m t t Unie St t w he e K - of e st
s a e d t, n
na nd he m t he o he t d a es
r C fr o

s l,s ls a us st m .M c ra dsa l est tK- kne oft : 2 Pae a ove s w,
e l el , nd e he
Aili leg ha C
w
he 70 t nt nd r a
diec e i t c e a ore r i e co r ove isChi s m a ac tr rt m a pr
r t d, ns m t d, nd/ xe c s d nt ol r t
ne e nuf tze o ke oduc s
t

usng t pa e t pr sde c i i t : Pa e .Acc di t M cAili , or alt s
i he t n ed oces s rbed n he 702 t nt
or ng o
ra ds bef e l hi
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nfde il s l tr g e m nt
i ha
m e tng M c il ds di c os t K - is pr i t r a pat nt d m a a tli pr es e f r
ei
A rai s l ed o C t opre a y nd e e
nuf c trng oc s s o
m a ng a or ntpa ,a s ty a trt tm e tng,K - e pl esfl d a pa e a plca i n
ki bs be
ds nd horl fe ha e i
C m oye ie
t nt p i to

f a(Dipos bl Abs be Pa ' a K- be n pr
or G s a e or nt d, nd C ga oduci t al dl ofe ng pr
'
ng he lege y f ndi
oduds
.
2The $ Pa e alo i udes 17 pr
702 t nt s ncl
ocesscl m sa 6 devi e cl m s Cl m l8 oft 1
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he 702
Pat r :
ent eads
tAn a or
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i
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elul e i rs l os
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ddii
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tefl wijp o esn se s
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underreatvel l pr ur t pr e a l enon- ove wlh
l i y ow ess e o oduc oos
w n t
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uch ha
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l.
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A moint d s s u d rFe e a Rul o Cii Pr c d r 1 ( )6 tsstelg l
to o imis n e d r l e f v l o e u e 2 b ( ) e t h e a
s t e yofac ant l o de t s veamoi t dimisunde Rul 1 b)6 ,
ufkinc
ompli . n r r o mvi
ton o s s
r e 2( () a
c pl i nee notc a n de aied f c ua alega i , m us c a n f c ss fc e tt o r i e
om a nt d
ont i t l a t l l tons but
t ont i a t uf i i n t a s
t

arg t r i a
i ht o elef bovet s c ai lve 'a dsaea cai t r le t ti plusbl on is
he pe ul tve e l' nd :tt l m o ei f ha s a i e t

fc . Bel l Co p v. mbv, 5 U. 5 4 5 5( 0 7 .A cam i p a sbei te
a e' lAt. r . Two l 5 0 S. 4 , 5 2 0 ) li s lu il f h
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c
ompli c ansç acualco e t tal wst cou tt dr t r as bl i e e t t
ant ont i t t
f
nt nt ha lo he r o aw he e ona e nf r nce ha
t de e
he f ndan i la e f t m i c
t s i bl or he s onduc a l ged, a i t r i E or t n a s rpos i lt
t le ' nd f he e s t e ha
'
m
hee
s biiy

t tadefnda ha a tdunlwf l 'As r tv.lba,556U. 662,678- ( ) W he
ha
e nt s ce a uly. hcof q l
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S.
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c n iei gaRu e1 ( )6 moin t c u t s a c p a1fcu l le ainsi t ec mplit
o sd rn
l 2 b ( ) to ,he o r mu t c e t 1 a ta alg to n h o an
a tu a mus dr w a1 r a ona e i e e esi f voroft pl i if Se Erc on v. r ,
s r e, nd
t a 1 e s bl nf r nc n a
he antf . e iks
Pa dus

5 U. 8 , 4 ( 0 7 .
51 S. 9 9 2 0 )
11
1.

K - s e t s r m pos pr s cl i l a l c o M cAi l i 'pr
C e ks o upe i
e oce s a m aw nd ogi n
r a ds oduc t by-

p o e scam, r u n t a tec t t h udd s s M c rads j2 ()cam f rrle
r c s li a g i g h t h ol s o l imis Aili ' 71a li o eif
r
bec us K- ma a tzest alge yofe ngpr ti Chi Thec tee t K- s
a e C nufclr he le dl fndi oduc n na.
our rj cs C'
ar l nt bas on apl i r di oft sa u e.
glme s ed
an ea ng he t t t

Thesaut goveni i rnge ntofU. paent,35U. C.j271 s cii a tons
tt e
r ng nfi me
S. t s
S.
, pe fes ci
t tc tt ei rnge nt Underj271a,whih d i diec pae i rngeme ,
ha onsiut nfi me .
() c efnes r t tnt nfi
nt
û
d
whoe rwihou a hort m a , e ,ofe st s l,ors lsanypae e i ve i n, t n t
ve t t ut iy kes us s f r o e l el
tnt d n nto wihi he
Unie St esori
td at
mporsi o t Unie Stt sa pa e edi nton durng t tr oft
t nt he t d a e ny t nt nve i
i he e m
he

pae t r or i rng t pae .335U. . .j271a .Pae 1w rc niest ts
tnt heef ,nfi es he tnt'
'
SC
() tnt a e og z ha ome
i nto , c us o lnguagelmiains t ybedei byt pr s o ma ng rhe .
nve ins be a e f a
i tto ,t
ma
fned he oce s f ki t ml'
'

I r Brdaeor 357F. 679, 2 ( C. A.1 .Suc C oduc- pr e s'camsû bl
n e i f d,
2d
68 C. P. 966) h t
pr tby- oc s ' li t e
ena
a a i a t cli a ot r s pa e a epr uc t tr it de i tonby o he t nt
n pplc nt o am n he wie t ntbl od t ha ess s fnii
t r ha he

pr es bywhih ii ma 'I r Thom e 777F. 695,697( d.Ci.1 .Andt h
oc s
c t s de.'n e
,
2d
Fe r 985)
houg
defne by isma acurngpr es ,thei nton s de i d i apr ta notapr es .'
i d t nuf t i
oc s t nve i o fne s oduc nd
t
oc s'
I r Br dge or 357 F. a 682;s e a s Sm ihKlne Bee hn Cor v.Apo e Cop . 439
n e i f d,
2d t
e lo
t i
c m
p.
tx
,

F.d 1 2 1 7( d. r 2 0 )(Re a de so h w b o dl o n ro yo ec n tu sa
3 31 , 31 Fe Ci. 0 6 t g r ls f o r a y r ar wl n o sr e
t
pr tby- oc scam,i i cea t ts chcamsa eawayst apr tno apr es.).
oduc- pr es li t s l r ha u li r l
o oduc, t oc s'
I f l t tapr tc nno e c pea acin frdie ti rnge ntunde j271a
t olows ha oduc n t s a n to o rc nfi me
r
()
by vi t of ise r t r ior a m a ac ur .
rue t xt a e rt i l nuf t e'
Crt c ly,i i t i r ngi ac - m a ng,us ng, f r ng t s l,
ii a l t s he nf i ng t
ki
i of e i o e l

s lng o i o t g- t tmus bewihn (rit )teUntd
el , r mp ri ha t
i
n
t i o n o h ie
St t . Eve i a i rngi pr
a es
n f n nf i ng oduc i m a a t e out i of
t s nuf c ur d s de
t U nie St t s a pe s i r nge i he i por st pr uc ,
he t d a e , r on nf i s f m t he od t or
us ,ofe st s l ors l i i t Unie Stt .
es f r o el, els t n he t d a es

Ge r Com . SantGoban Cop.572F. 1 1 0( d. r 2009 ( tngI r N.
mton
v. i - i r ,
3d 371, 38 Fe Ci. ) cii n e

Pime tCo.71F.d4 7, 6( C. A.1 3 )(é ha lngb e s tldt a a t lsp tne i
g n , 2 4 45 C. P. 9 4 :t s o e n et h t ri e ae td n
l
e
c
t U nied St t s c nnotbe m a a tle a oad,i por e a s d i vi a i n oft rght of
he t
ae n
nuf c tr d br
m t d, nd ol n ol t o
he i s

t pae e -l)
he tnte' .
He e, hepa tesagr e Cli 18oft : Pa e i apr tby- oc scai .As
r t
ri
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he 702 t nt s oduc - pr es l m
s h,i pr e t t tnalpr t whi h i t pa e t i nton f rpur e o anayssunde
uc t ot c s he i
oduc , c s he t n ed nve i o
pos s f l i
r

j271 a.Not ngi t cla lnguageofj271a r uie t pr e sse ofapr tby()
hi n he e r a
() eq rs he oc s tps
oduc3w hiej271a go r ( nypae td i nto 'j271g i s cfct t i o tto ors l
l
() vens d
a t n e nve in,' ( ) s pe ii o he mp rai n ae
ofaG r uc whihi ma eb apr cesp tn e i teUnie S ae . 35U. C. 2 ( )& (
t od t c s d y o s ae td n h t d tt s'
p
'
S. j 71a g)
( mpha i a de ) M c rad ha a s re acam f r le un rj271g)t tK- ha n tc le e
e
ss d d . Ailis s se td li or eif de
( ha C s o halng d.
%
4

pr es c a m t oc i t U nie St t asan e e e ofi rnge e . N orhasa c s s
oc s l i o cur n he t d a es
l m nt nf i m nt
ny a e o

hel 4 A c or ngl , t l to ofK- spr uc ma a tzi doe no dee tM c rads j
d. c di y he ocain
C' od t nufctrng s t fa Aili '

271a cl m.
() ai

U nde a pl us biiy a ys s K- a g t tM c il i 'c a m s ofi r c
r a i lt nal i , C r ues ha
A r a ds l i
ndie t

i rn e n u e j2 1b a dwilu i rn e n aeia e uaebe a s te c n an
nfig me t nd r 7 ( ) n lf lnfi g me t r n d q t c u e h y o ti
1 oiem l t as e tons'w ihouts t i ntf c s s The c tfnds M cA il i ha pl us bl pl d
% l a e s ri ' t
ufk e a t .
our i
ra ds s a i y e
bot
h.

A cam ofi r c i e ntund j271b)rquiest pl ntf t e tbls t tt
li
ndie t nduc me
er
( e r he ai if o sa ih ha he
alege i
l d nduce û
rs
know i l i
ng y nduce i rngi a tviy a pos es e s ii i e tt
d nf i ng c i t nd s s d pec f c nt n o

e otr ge a hersi rnge e 'a t t i
nc la not ' nfi m nt' nd hat he nduce c
d onduc r s t i die ti rnge nt
t e uled n r c nfi me .

Akn iTe hs.I v. meihtNewor sl ,692F. 1301 1308( d.Ci.201 (n
ma c . nc. Li lg t ks nc.
3d
,
Fe r 2) e
ba ) Toade tl pladwilu i rnge nt apli ifne donl aleget dee nts
nc.
quaey e
lf l nfi me , antf e y l he fnda '
know l
edge a co i
nd ntnued w iluli rng e oft pa e ,bot pl i y s ppore w ih f c s
lf nf i em nt he t nt h aus bl u
td t a t .

S eM iuo oCo . Ce ta P rha ig LLC, 9 F.d 1 4,1 0( d Ci. 0 7 .
e t ty p v. n rl u c sn ,
4 9 3 28 29 Fe . r 2 0 )6
4K C r i prm a l on t eepr ii quit t t asaut iyt s
eles i riy
hr opostons led ogeher
hort o uppor iscont nton:
tt
e i

( ) t tt r c s tr i p od tb p o es camss r ea lmiainsi d tr ni
1 ha t o e s e ms n r uc-y- r c s li e v s i tto n ee mi ng
p
i rng me t'Ab t La s v. n z I . 5 6F. 1 ,1 3( d. r 200 )(nba c ;
nfi e n,' bo t b . Sa do m nc, 6 3d 283 29 Fe Ci. 9 e n )
( ) t tad oc s c n tbeus d ( t n'heUntd S e a r q rdby j27la u e se c
2 ha i e s a no
pr
e wihi t
ie tts s e uie
() nls a h
sep i pe f m e wihi t scounty 'NTP.l v.Rese ch i M oton,Lt ., 418 F. 1282,
t s r or d t n hi
l '
nc.
ar n
i
d
3d
-

1 l ( d. r 200 ) a d
3 8 Fe Ci. 5 ; n
( ) t tj271a ç e no p otc a i tt i rain o pr d t ma ebyapae t d
3 ha
( ) t s t r e t gans he mpo tto f o ucs d
do
tn e
pr c s , Zole v. td Sae , 2F. 1 9,1 2 ( d. r 201 )
o e s' tk Unie tts 67 3d 30 3 2 Fe Ci. 2 .
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Thel t t pr ii appl t pr ess notpr tby- oc s cl m s.Thefr tsmpl m e Kater wo opostons
y o oc ,
oduc - pr es , ai
is i y ans C
hasnotneces arl i rnged i i pr
s iy nfi
f t oduce afbe matasdes rbed i Cl m 18,butus a dif ent
d i r
c i n ai
ed fer
pr st do s
oces o
o.

5K- a s agu M c rad ha n ta q t l pld ac ntiutr i rng me cam u e j
c lo r es Ailis s o de uaey e o rb o y nfi e nt li nd r

27lc .M c radsc c de iha n tc n-n l a sre s hacam.
() Aili on e s t s o u e ty s e td uc li
6To a ualy pr wil i rngem e , t epl ntf mus e ubls ( )t tt a c e i rn r
ct l ove lful nfi
nt h ai if t s ih l ha he c us d nfige
t ce de piea o j tvey hihlkei odta isa ton c siue i rng me o avai pae t'
t td s t n beci l g i lho h t t ci s on tt td nfi e nt f ld tn ,
a
'
a ( )t a t so j ci l dei drs ç set rk wn o s ob o t a i s ul h vebe nk wn
nd 2 h t hi b e tvey fne ik : ihe no r o vius h t t ho d a e no
wa
t t ea c s d i rn r'l r Se g t Te h.LLC, 7F.d 1 60,1 ( d. r 2 7)( nba )
o h c u e nfige . n e a ae c .
'
49 3 3 371 Fe Ci. 00 e nc .

M c rai ha pld s t e fcst ttndt s
Ail ds s e ufkint a t ha e o uppor t knowldg r quie nt( e,
the
e e e rme . Se
e. ,Fis Ame dCompli ,! 1 & 2125) Peha mos plusbl n
g. rt nde
ant ! 9
r ps t a i y mongt m,
he
M c rai de c i apr - ui m e tnga ong t pa te g ne by a sg c i nta
Ail ds s rbes e s t e i m
he ri s over d
i ned onfde il
dic osle a ee ntdtrng whih i dic os d t K- ispr it r a pae e
s l tr gr me li
c t s l e o C t oprea y nd tnt d

ma a t i pr esesf ma nga or ntpa .L .a !25) Ac or ngt Mc rads
nufcurng oc s or ki bs be ds (4 t
c di o Aili ,
s r l afe t m ee i K - se pl s fl d a pa e a i ton f a C ipos bl
ho ty t r he
tng, C' m oyee ie
t nt pplca i or & s a e
D

Abs be Pa '(d. Si lry, c radsha plds tce fcsa crumsa e t
or nt d. 1 ) mial M Aili s e ufi int a t nd ic tnc s o
'
s
uppor isal ga i t tK- knowi l i
t t le tons ha C
ng y nduce i rngng a tviy a s c t aly i e d
d nfi i c i t nd pe ik l nt nde

t e otrgei rng ntbyot r .( e,eg.j. a ! 26& 33- A c eera ngoft
o nc la nfi eme
he s Se . ,. t !
t
k
34) omplt e di
he
c pl i tm a t f l i a l to cl a :K - l a ned oft 1 Pa e t oug a pr om a n
kes he olow ng lega i ns e r C e r
he 702 t nt hr h
e

s tm e tng;s
ui e i oughtapa e bas o t i onna i i ln ne a t n we t wor
t nt ed n he nf
ton t e r d; nd he
nt o k
e lr ng a die tng is Chi e m a ac ur rt i rnge t 1 Pa e by m a ng
nco zagi nd r c i t
nes
nuf t e o nf i
he 702 t nt
ki
pr
oduc slke G ood iesD i pos bl Be M a s The e c l c i alega i ,a t f r
t i
N t
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