Gadouas v. Colvin

Filing 21

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 3/25/2014. (lab)

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M EM ORANDUM OPI O N
NI
CA ROLYN W . LVW , c i
CO
A tng
Com m i s one ofSoc alSe urt ,
si r
i
c iy

By:

H on.Gl n E.
e
Conr d
a
Chi Unie St esD i ti tJ
ef t d at
s rc udge

D e e nt
f nda .
Pl i tf ha f l d t s a t o cha l ngi t fna dec s on oft Com m i s o rof Soc al
a n i f s ie hi c i n le ng he i l i i
he
s i ne
i

Se urt de ngpl i ifscli sf dia lt ns r nc be isa s e e a e trt i m e
c iy nyi antf am or s biiyi u a e neft nd upplm ntls cliy nco

be kst rt So a Sec iyAc,a nme d,42U. C.jj41 i a 423,a 42U. C.j
net mde he cil urt t s nde
S.
6() nd
nd
S.
1381#t e ,es ci y.Jliditonofhi c tspurua t 42U. C. 405( a 42U. C.
s q.r pe tvel trs ci t s ouri s nt o
S. j g) nd
S.
.

j 1 3( () Thi c r' rviw i lmie t adee mi ton a t whehe t r i s t i
38 c)3 . s ou t e e s i td o tr nai s o t r hee s ubsantal
s
e denc t s
vi e o uppor t Com miso rsc ncuson t tpl ntf f ie t esa ih e tte e t
t he
s ine ' o l i ha ai if al d o t bls n ilm nt o
be t unde t Ac .I s h s t nta evi nc e ss t fna de ii oft Comm isone
neks
r he t f uc ubsa il de e xit ,he i l c son he
si r

mus beafimed.La v.Cee ez e,368F. 640 ( h Ci.1 . Stt brefy,s t tal
t fr
ws
lbr z
2d
4t r 966) aed i l ubsani
e de hasbe n de i a s h r l va e de e, ons de i t r or a a whol a m i tbe
vi nce
e tned s uc e e nt vi nc c i rng he ec d s
e, s gh
f
ound a
dequa e t s
t o uppor a c l i by ar s na em i R i ha ds v. a es 402 U . 389,
t onc us on
ea o bl nd. c r on Per l ,
S.

4 (9 )
01 1 71.
The pl i i f D oug a W .Huf ,w a bor on J ne 11 1
a nt f ,
ls
f s n
u
, 968,and e nt ly r ac d t
ve ua l e he he
s
event gr i school Appar l M r H uf experencesa l ng di lt and pari pat i
h ade n
.
enty, . f
i
enrni
sabiiy,
tci ed n

s ci le a i c as e whie s il n s hool Pl i i fhasw or d a a duc m ake , ot rve c e
pe a duc ton l s s l tl i c
. a ntf
ke s
t
r m o hi l
a s m bl r a aut obie body r pa rhel r H e l s w or d on a r g a a s t ne bas si
s e e , nd om l
e i pe .
a t ke
e ul r nd us ai d i n

de e mi dt tM r Huf r t i s t intfmc i la lt t pe f r s ve a s c fclgh wor
t r ne ha . f e a ns ufk e t tona biiy o ro m e r l pe ii i t k
r ese s i i sgnik a num be i hena i l onom y.A c or ngl t La J
ol xi tng n i t nt
r nt
tona ec
c di y, he w udgeuli a e y
tm t l

co l d t tM r Huf i notdiabld,a t the i note tte t be ft unde et r f r l
ncude ha . f s
s e nd ha
s
n ild o ne is
r ihe ede a

pr a Seege r l 20C. R.jj404.520( a 41 9 ( .TheLa J e' opi onwas
ogrm.
nealy, F.
1 g) nd 6.20g)
w udg s ni
ad e ast fna de s on o t Com m i s one b t So a Se urt A dm i s r ton' Appe l
opt d he i l ci i f he
s i r y he ci l c iy
ni t a i s
as
Counci.H a ng e us e a l va l bl a m i sr tver m e es M r H uf ha no a a edt t s
l vi xha t d 1 a ia e d ni ta i e di , . f s w ppe l o hi
court
.

W hie pli tf m a be dia e f c ran f ms of e oyment t c u i l f cual
l a n if y
s bld or e t i or
mpl
, he r c a a t
de e na i n i w he he pl i ifi dia e f a1 f m sofs bs a i lga nf e pl ym e . Se
t nni to s
t r a ntf s s bl d or l or
u t nta i ul m o nt e

42U. C.jj423( ( a 1 2c() Theeaef ee nt ofpr whihmus beco i rd
S.
d)2) nd 38 a. r r our lme s oof c
t nsdee

i ma i s c a a lss Th s ee nsaes mmaie a f lo :( ) be tv me ia fcs
n kng u h n nay i. e e lme t r u rz d s o lws 1 o j ci e dc l a t
a dciia fn i g ;2 t eo no s ndc n lso s fraigp y iins( ) u j ciee ie e
n lnc lid n s () h piin a o cu in o te tn h sca ;3 s be tv vd nc
o p y ia ma ie tto ofmp ime t, sd srb dtr u hacama t tsi n ; n ( ) h
f h sc l nf sains i ar n s a e cie h o g li n ' e tmo y a d 4 t e
s
cai tsed to voc tona hit y,r i uals ls a a Vie v.Fi h,438 F. 11
l man ' uca in, a i l sor esd
kil, nd ge. tk
nc
2d 57,

1 5 - 0(t Ci. 9 ) Un ewo dv. bc f, 9 F.d8 0 8 (t Ci.1 6 )
1 9 6 4h r 1 71; d r o Ri io f 2 8 2 5 , 51 4h r 9 2 .
Afe a r viw oft r o d i t s c e,t c ti consr i d t c l t tt
tr e e
he ec r n hi as he our s
tane o oncude ha he
Com m i soner sf na de s on i s
s i ' i l ci i s uppor e b s t n i e de e. Ove t ye r ,M r H uf has
t d y ubs a tal vi nc
r he a s . f
be n t e t f a va i t ofc tons i l ng hype t nson,hype lpi m i l e a
e r a ed or r e y
ondii , nc udi
re i
ri de a, ow r bdom i l
na
pa n a s i t d w ih a pos i e he ni ,hea c ,a a be gn gr w t i hi l f f t H oweve ,
i s oc a e t
s bl r a
da hes nd
ni
o h n s e t oo .
r
t r i no i ca i n t ta oft e pr e s s rousy a f c pl i ip spe f r a e ofw or
he e s
ndi to ha ny hes obl m e i l f e t a ntf
r o m nc
kr a e a tvii sf whi hhei o he wi ec pa e.Them edi a r or a s esabls t tpl ntf
el t d c i te or c
s t r s a bl
c l ec d l o t i hes ha ai i f
e r e es c oni bac pai r di tng i o hi l gs pai i hi l t e bow w ih a s a ed
xpe i nc hr c
k n a a i nt s e , n n s ef l
t s oci t

compl nt i hi lf s de andnec de e svedior ra
ai s n s e t houl r
k, pr s i s de , ndbor ri i t le t l u to ng.
de lne n e lc ua f nci ni
M r Huf s d t s ha i e ii d t ca e of hi e bow pr e s and r a e com pl i s a
. f oc or ve d ntf e he us
s l
obl m
el t d
a nt s
epi ondylts W hie t doc or ha bee l s p e i e i di gnos ng t c us ofhi l e ba
c
ii .
l he t s ve n es r c s n a
i he a e
s ow r ck
pr bl m s r e x- a s udi s a M RIdoc en e m id d ne a i c ng as w e la m id
o e , ec nt r y t e nd
um t d l ege r tve ha es
l s l
bia e a di c bul ng w ih m id ne ve i pi m e a m id bia e a s e i . A s f pl i if s
lt r l s
gi
t l r m nge nt nd l l t r l t nos s
or a ntf '
em otona a m e t pr e s aco ula i ps hol ca sud i 201 r ule i di g eso
i l nd n al obl m , ns t tve yc ogi l t y n 0 es t d n a nos f

r c re tmao d p e sv d s r e o mo eaeitn i , n b r el itle t l u cin n .
e u rn j r e rs ie io d r f d rt n e st a d o d ri n elcua f n to i g
y
ne

A s not a
ed bove,t Adm i s r tve La J
he
nit a i
w udge A dm i s r tve La J
nit a i
w udge i e pr t t
nt r e ed he
m e ca evi nc s a t s
di l de e o s o ugge tr s d lphys c lca ciy f lght rf m s ofwor ac i t not
s e i ua
i a pa t or i e or
k tviy
i vi e r m e pos lrng,pr onge e r i or m or t n oc s ona clm bi The c t
nvol ng xt e
tzi
ol d xe ton,
e ha ca i l i ng.
our
bele st tt sas es m e i co i t n w ih t e de e o r c d. The sm pl f c i t tno
i ve ha hi s s nt s ns s e t t he vi nc f e or
i e a t s ha
doc orha s
t
s ugge t d t tM r H uf s m us ul ke e a pr em s a e s s ve e as t c tt e or
s e ha
. f
c os l t l obl
r o e r
o ons iut
co rbut t a o r l di a lt of r qui ie dtr ton. I e s ve a t e tng physc a ha
nt i e o n ve a l s biiy
e s t la i
nde d, e r l r a i
i i ns ve
s
uggesed t t pl i if s d e age i r gul r e r i e a t r pe i a tvii i o de t
t ha a ntf houl ng
n e a xe c s nd he a utc c i tes n r r o

sr nghe hi l we ba k. Theco ta e t tt ete t ntr c me tonsa e c it n
te t n s o r c
ur gr es ha hes r a me e om nda i
r onsse t
wih a fndi ofr sdualf to c pact f lm ie lghtwor a tviy.
t i ng e i
unci nal a iy or i t d, i
k ci t
M r H uf sm a gi i e l c ua fm c i ng a de e svedi or r e as e ha c os r
. f
r nal nt le t l t toni nd pr s i s de pos om w t l e
quesi n. H oweve , he c tbe i ve t tt A dm i sr tve La J
to
r t our le s ha he
nit a i
w udge r as bl r i d o t
e ona y ele n he
c ula i ps hol c r por i c udi t t M r Huf s de e s o a i elec ua
ons t tve yc ogi al e t n oncl ng ha
.
f
pr s i n nd nt l t l
lm ia i a e nots s ve e a t co tt e orc rbut t a ove a ldi a lt I hi r por , he
i t tons r
o e r s o ns iut
onti e o n r l s biiy. n s e t t

cons t tve ps hol s,Dr J fry B.Luc t,a s s M r Huf sc pa iy f rwor r aed
ula i
yc ogit . e fe
ket s esed . f a ct o
k-elt
ac i te a f l w s
tvii s s olo '
.
Thec a m a w oul be a et pe f nn s m pl andr pe ii t s w ihout f i uly.
l i nt
d
bl o r o i e
e ttve a ks t
di fc t
H e ha anlm be ofs ls pa tc a l i body s w or H ew oul bea et w or
s l r kil , ri ul ry n
hop
k.
d
bl o
k
w ih pe r a s r i or w iho be ng a la lt o dit a ton t t m .
t e s nd upe v s s t ut i
i biiy r s r c i o he

( 37 . The c tfnds t t i a s sng pli ifs r sdua f tona c ct t
TR 4)
our i ha, n sesi antf e i l unci l apa iy, he
A dm i s r tve La J e c ea l a co mt d f t none ri na lm ia i i ntf e by D r
ni ta i
w udg l ry c t e or he
xe to l i t tons de ii d
.
Lucke t
t.
The c t a s co l s t t t A dm i s r tve La J
our l o nc ude ha he
ni t a i
w udge r as bl r i on t
e ona y eled
he
voca i le r ' t s i on i fndi r i ualf nc i
tona xpe ts e tm y n i ng es d
u tonalc pa t f r s ii ,a t r t wor
a ciy o pec fc le na e
k
r l s W he as d t c i rt r s dual unc i lca c t uli a e y f
oe .
n ke o ons de he e i f tona pa iy tm t l ound by t La J
he w udge,
andbas donpl i if sa ed a i n, ndpr o
e
a ntf ' ge, uc to a
i rwor pe i nc t voca i l xpe t es ii ha
kex re e,he
tona e r t tfedt t

M r Huf c ul bee p ce t pef r anl e o lg t o s ( 4 - ) l a p a st t c u t
. f o d x e td o rom l r f ih j b .TR 547 . t p e r o he o r
mb
t tt e r ' e l to oft voc tona f c or ,a t a sl ptons unde w hi h t e r
ha he xpe ts va ua i n he a i l a t s nd he s tm i
r c he xpe t
delbe a e a e bot r s bl a c i t ntwih t e de e i M r H uf sc s The c t i
i r t d, r
h ea ona e nd ons se
t he vi nc n . f a e.
our f nds
s t nta e de e t s
ubs a i l vi nc o uppor t La J
t he w udge' de e m i ton t t pl i t f r t ns s f c en
s t r na i ha a n i f e ai uf i i t

f tona c pa t t pero m s ve a s cii wor r est te s i sgnik a num be i t
unc i l a ciy o f r e r l pe fc k ol ha xit n i t nt
r n he
na i le onom y. I f l w st tt Com m i s o r sfnalde i i m us be afi m ed.
tona c
t olo ha he
s i ne ' i
c s on
t
fr
On a
ppea t t s c t pl i t f a gue t tt A dm i sr tve La J
l o hi our, a n i f r s ha he
ni t a i
w udge' opi on i
s ni s
de i e i s r l r s c s I as e sng pl i if s c e biiy,t A dm i s r tve La J
fci nt n eve a e pe t . n s s i
a ntf ' r di lt he
ni ta i
w udge

poi e outha MrHuf hasrc ve to yc e vai te t nt' ( 1 .Pl ntf ague t t
ntd t t . f e ei d snl onsr tve rame .' TR 8) ai if r s ha
i i w r ng t i e t thi t tm o i e ge a e onl bec us he ha no unde gone s ge y or
t s o o nf r ha s esi ny s xag r t d y a e
s t
r
ur r
s e ot r f ofa e s ve t e t e . To t e e t tt La J
om
he onn
gm s i r a m nt
he xt nt ha he w udge' o ni n c n be r d
s pi o a
ea

t t s e f c ,t c ta ee . The m e c lr co d s es s t t M r H uf ha no be n a e t
o hi f e t he our gr s
di a e r ugg t ha
. f s t e bl o
fna a l a f d a loft t e t e hi doc or ha pr c i d,a t ta te tng ne os ge
i nci ly f or l he r a m nt s t s ve es r be nd ha r a i
ur ur on
hasi c t d t ts r c i e ve i n i notr c m e d. H oweve ,a a s poi e ou by t
ndi a e ha u gi al nt r nto s
e om nde
r s l o nt d t he

La J d e ( 1 ) t eo j ci esu ish v c nf dta temu c l k ltl eo mi e i
w u g , TR 8 ,h b e tv t de a e o i
nue h t h s uos eea d f r t s n
i
pl i ifsl rba k a e notove l pr
antf owe e r
ry onounc a a ebe tcha a t rze asmid. l tnusof
ed, nd r s
rcei d
l n e

p an ifss b e tv c mpans i mus b noe ta,i o d rfrp i t b d e d ds big,
litf u j ci e o li t,t t e td h t n r e o an o e e me ia l
n
t r mus beo j ci me ia e ie c etbihn s mec ndto ta c u dr a o a l b
hee t be t
ve d c l vd n e sa ls ig o o i n h t o l e s n by e
i
e pe tdt pr d c tep i alg d Cri v. ae , 6F.d5 5 5 2- 3( t Ci. 9 ) F tr
x ce o o u e h an l e . ag Ch tr 7 3 8 , 9 9 4h r 1 96 ; ose
e
v. c e,780F. 1 11 ( hCi.1 .I t i tntc s ,t c tmus concudet t
He klr
2d 125, 29 4t r 986) n he nsa a e he our t l ha
pl i if s e de f ls s t n e t bls ng t e senc ofa c ton whi h c d r as bl
a ntf ' vi nce a l hor i s a i hi he xi t e
ondii
c oul e ona y
ca e t l vel di c f t c i d by M r H uf i hi t tm ony.Thus t co t oncl
us he e of s om or des rbe
. f n s es i
, he ur c udest t
ha

t Co sin rsa ssme to panifs s be tv c mpan si s p re b s b tn il
he mmiso e ' se s n f li t
f u j cie o lit s u po td y u sa ta
e de e.
vi nc
Though m or t
e hough pr ki pl i if ss c a gum e i a s t a lng. M r Huf
t ovo ng, a ntf e ond r
nt s l o m vaii
. f
not st t a t a i s r tve he rng, he A d i sr tve La J
e ha , t he dm nit a i
ai t
m nit a i
w udge ac ualy pr
t l opounde t e
d hr e

hypot tc quesi t t voc tona e r, ndt i r pons t t t r quesi t e r
he ial tons o he a i l xpe ta hat n es e o he hid
ton,he xpe t

tsi e t a teewo l b noa albej bs ( 4 - 8 . Th tidh poh tc licu e t e
e tt d h t h r ud e v i l o . TR 7 4 ) e hr y t eia n l d d h
i
a
ne s iy f r a s ts a opto a wel a uns he ed wor br a a a e es The voca i
ce st o i/ t nd i n s l s c dul
k e ks nd bs nc .
tonal

e rtsiidt ts hr uie nswo dprcl alrgulra s ti dwoka i t (
xpete tfe ha uc eq rme t ul e ude 1 e a nd usane r ctviy. TR
48) Baedo t me c e de ,hec tbele t tt r i acos quetonast whehe
. s n he dial vi nce t our ives ha hee s l e si
o t r
M r H uf r quie a sts a opton. One tea i ph i i n not d t t M r H uf e renc
. f e r s i/t nd i
r tng ys c a
e ha
. f xpe i es
difculy sti t
f i t itng, houg he w asuna e t gi a o ni a t pl i ifs c pa t f pr onge
h
bl o ve n pi on s o a ntf a ciy or ol d
6

stig ( 43 ) Si l sae ,h c u t su a l t c ncu eta M rHu fh sme teb r e
it . TR 7 . mp y ttd te o r i n be o o ld h t . f a t h u d n
n
i esa i hi t the r quiesa st sa opton.l a e nt t co t oncl st tt e de e
n t bls ng ha
e r
i/ t nd i n ny ve , he ur c ude ha he vi nc
doesnots
uppor t pr
t he oposton t tM r Huf w o d r uie uns dul w or br a . Thus t
ii ha . f ul eq r
che ed
k e ks
, he
cour a e t tt t r hypo he i alq s i i notf ly cons s e w ih t e de e ofr co d.
t gr es ha he hi d
t tc ue ton s
ul
i t nt t he vi nc
e r
The co t doe not c i r i es c a l i pora t t i r s
ur
s
ons de t pe i ly m tnt ha , n e pondi t m uli e
ng o
tpl
hypot tca que tons avoc tona e r w oul tnd one s tofcic sanc t be s
he i l s i ,
a i l xpe t
di
e
r um t es o
uggesi of
tve
t a i a iy f w or A fe a l a t tm eoft ad i sr tvehea i t A dm i s r tveLa
ot l nc pac t or k. t r l, t he i
he m ni ta i
rng, he
ni ta i
w

J
udgehassilno de e m i dwha f t ltndi s duli a eybemade A cai a tdoesnot
tl t t r ne
t acua i ngs houl tm t l
. lm n
m e thi bur n ofpr m e el be aus a voc tona e r r pondst one hypot tc que to
e s de
oof r y c e
a i l xpe t es
o
he i al s i n
i a m a rw hi h i f vo a e t t c a m . l e i t i t ntc s , he co tbe i vest tt
n
nne
c s a r bl o he l i nde d, n he ns a a e t
ur le
ha he
A dm i s r tve La J
ni ta i
w udge pe f m ed a i a y i hi q s i ng oft voca i na e r ,i t t
r or
dm r bl n s ue toni
he
t o l xpe t n ha
t La J e expl e s ve alpos i lte . St t d dif r nty,t co tbe i vest tt s t m
he w udg
or d e r
s biii s a e fe e l he ur le
ha he ys e
w or d asi s d wor
ke
t houl
k.
I afim i t tnaldeci i oft Com m i oner t cour doesnots
n f r ng he i
s on he
ssi , he
t
ugges t M r Huf
t hat . f

i f e ofa 1 i di c f r ,we knes ,a de e son.l ed, he m e c lr or c i m st t
s r e 1 pa n, s om o t n
s nd pr s i
nde t
di a ec d ontr ha

pl i ifhas s f r d fom s ve a s ro pr blms whi h ca be e c e t r ul i m a y
antf
ufe e r
e r l e i us o e
c n
xpe t d o es t n n

s be tv c mpan s a d s rb db M rHu f nh stsi n .Ho v r imus a anb noe
u jcie o lit, s e cie y . f i i etmo y we e ,t t g i e td
t tno do orhas s
ha
ct
ugge t t tpl i if sphys c lpr e sa e s s ve e ast r ul i t a l
s ed ha a ntf
i a obl m r o e r
o es t n ot ly

d sb igs be t ema fsain .On ea an t ei a i t t d wo kwih u a yd s o o t
ia ln u jci
v nietto s c g i ,h n bl y o o r t o t n ic mf r
i
doesnotofis l r nde a c a m a t t ly di a e Cr g v. t r s a 59 95.I a a st t
t e f e r l i nt o a l s bl d. ai Cha e , upr , 4t ppe r o he

c u tha teAd nitaieLa u g c n iee a1 fh s be tv fco s e s n bys p o td
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7

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