United Steel, Paper & Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial & Service Workers International Union, AFL-CIO v. Team Carriers Incorporated

Filing 11

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 08/23/2013. (rkc)

CLERK' OFFI U. , ST. O URT
S
CE e DI
AT RoANoc ,
VA
FI ED
L

I TH E UN TED STA TES DI
N
STR I CO U RT
CT
FO R TH E W ESTERN DISTRIC T O F VIR G INIA
R O AN O K E D I SION
VI
IN I
J TED STEE L , PER & Fo l EsTRv ,
PA
t
RU BBER ,M A NU FA C TI R ING
J

ENERGY, EDI T Q &
ALLI NDUS RI

AL6 23 2 1
23
JULA C.
I DUDL CL
EM ERK
BY:

C i lA ct on N o.7:13cv00358
vi
i

sEl l E w o l tER s I TER NA TIO NA L
tv c
u
N
INI
J ON,AFL- O
CI
M EM OM ND U M O PI IO N
N
Pl nt f ,
ai i f

TEAM CA R RIER S IN CO RPO M TED ,

By: Sam uelG .W ison
l
Unied St es Di t ctJudge
t
at
s ri

Def
endant
.

Asacons ue eofc ttvebi ng, m Caresl .(' m c re s or'he
eq nc
ompeii ddi Tea rir nc, 'ea arir ' '
t
t
Co ny' aCovi on, r ni c
mpa '
)
ngt Vigi a omorton,whihi uni ze l tisc r tt pr de
ai
c s oni d,os t ontac o ovi
Mea W esva (' W ' l a tuc ngs r ie a no plnst s lt t s ce sul
d t co ' ' oc l r ki e vc s nd w a o el o he uc sf
M )
c pe ii bi rve c esa t a l r i no l ng rne ds Thi i a a t o by Te m Ca re s
om ttve dde hi l nd r ie s t o e e . s s n c i n
a
rir '
uni t Unied St l Pa r & For ty,
on, he t
ee , pe
esr Rubber M a ac urng, r A li d l t i l&
, nuf t i Ene gy, le ndus ra

Ser c W or r l emai lUni AFL- O (' 'or'heUnin' pu s ntt Se ton
vie kes nt tona on,
CI '
USW ' '
t
o ' rua o ci
)
301oft La - a ge ntReltonsAc of1 47, U. C.j185a)t or re
he borM na me
ai
t 9 29 S.
( o de xpedie
td
a bir ton o a pe ng g i va c
r ta i n
ndi r e nce once ni t s e a t r t a n t s l untlt r i a
r ng he al nd o esr i he a e i he e s

d iinbyt abirt .Thecour e j nst pr edsl t t s c sulbide oris
ecso
he r taor
t noi he opos ae o he uc esf d r t
age spe ngabir ton(ondii donUSW tmeyposi abondi t a
nt ndi r tai c tone
i l tng
n he mountof
$25 000)butde esUSW ' m otont c
0,
ni
S i o ompele die a bir ton.Theopi on t tf l ws
xpe t d r tai
ni ha olo
st
andsast s cour' fndi off tand concl ons ofl .
hi
ts i ngs ac
usi
aw

r

Compa sf iur 'o r uie'Ga tn Tr ki 'o a e t cole tveba gani a e m e '
ny' al e ' eq r ' re uc ng ' cc pt he lc i
t
t
r i ng gr e nt'
i ac or nc w ih t s ce s s p pr s on oft CBA .l al o s
n c da e t he uc s or hi ovi i
he
t s oughtt e
o xpedie
t
a bir ton. Though t Com pa y ha a r e t a bir t t diput ,i ha de lne t e die
r ta i
he
n s g e d o r ta e he s e t s c i d o xpe t
a bir ton c a m i t ti ha no r l tons p wih G a t n, ha G a t i no is s ce s but
r t a i l i ng ha t s
e a i hi t re t t ren s t t uc s or
s m pl t s ce s ulbi r a t tt Com pa i nots li isope a i nst Ga t n but
i y he uc s f dde , nd ha he
ny s
e lng t
r to o re
s m pl a f w tuc a t a l r whi h t Com pa no l rne .
i y e r ks nd r ie s c he
ny
onge eds
Uns ce s uli is e f t t e
uc s f n t f ors o xpedie a bir ton,t U ni t l d s ti t sc t
t r ta i he on i e ui n hi our

p rua t oj3 o Au u t1 2 3 s e i t c mp le p dtdabtai na dt e j i t
u s n t 01 n g s , 01 , e kng o o e x e ie r irto n o n on he
Com pa f om s lng orta f r i a s t pe ng a bir ton. O n A ug t8, 3, he Uni
ny r
eli
r ns e r ng s e s ndi r ta i
us 201 t
on

flds p rigd caainsa dg ven tc o isitn t se ap ei n r ij n to o
ie u po t e lr t n a oie f t n e to e k r lmia y nu cin n
n
o
Augus 1 201 The Com pa r s nded w ih a m e or ndum i opposton a a de l r ton
t 6, 3.
ny e po
t
m a
n
ii nd
ca ai
s
uppo tng isopposton. A tt s he e A ugus 1 201 hea i t pa te pr uc d no
ri t
ii
he c dul d
t 6, 3, rng, he r i s od e
e denc beyond t de l a i and doc e st ha a r a s bm it d a c
vi e
he c ar tons
um nt hey d l e dy u te nd ouns f t
el or he

Uni r pr e e t theha t l d wih c
on e es nt d ha
d a ke t ouns lf t Compa a t thet
e or he
ny nd ha
hough t tt
t ha he
c e c d be s it d on t dec a a i ns
as oul
ubm te
he l r to .
lI
.

The Co pa cl i st ti i nots li isope a i b s m pl a f w t uc a
m ny a m ha t s
e lng t
r tons ut i y e r ks nd

talr a dt th Un o ' giv n e tee o e i n ts be t abtai na dta teUn o
ries n ha te i ns re a c ,h r f r, s o u jd o r irto n h th in
ha notohe wies
s t r s howni i e ildt ij tverle .Att rs ofoveri ii to t
t s ntte o nunci eif he ik
smplfcain,he
U ni i e f c a guest tt que tons ofa bir lt a t c tsa hort t i s a
on n f e t r
ha he s i
r tabiiy, nd he our ' ut iy o s ue n

ij ton,ditlt whehe t is ma beabir bl,whehert postoniwiles ei
n unci sil o t r he sue y r ta e t he ii t l pous n
a bir ton i s fc e l s und t pr ntt a bir ton fom be ng a f ie e a r a
r t a i s uf i i nty o
o eve he r t a i r
i
utl nde vo , nd

1 9 l albo dip t i s be tt b n igabtain, ndij n tv r l fn toh r s
1 . f a r s u e s u j c o i dn r i to a nu cie ei o te wie
r
e
pr c ude by N or i - Gua di ,a co tm us t n d i w he he i i a opra e t e e a
el d
rs La
r a
ur
t he ec de
t r t s ppr i t o nt r n

ij n to t e t eg n rlsa d r sg venn p ei n r ij n tv r l f S eDitit1 .
nu cin md r h e e a tn ad o r ig rlmia y nu cie ei . e src 7
e
Unie M i W or r ofAmeiav.
td ne ke s
rc Apoge Coa Co. 1 F. 1 (t Ci.1 93 .
e l , 3 3d 34 4h r 9 )
W i e v. t alRes c Dee eCouncll ,555U. 7(
ntr Naur
oures fns
i, nc.
S. 2008)e tbls st
sa ihe he
ge rlsa r f i i prlmi r ij tver i .' caerquiespa tesse ng
nea tnda d or mposng ei nay nunci elef '
That s e r ri e ki

prlmi r ij to t demonsrt t t()t yaelkeyt s e o t meis ( t
ei nay nuncins o
tae ha 1 he r i l o ucc ed n he rt,2) hey
aelkeyt s f rirpaa eham,( )t baa eofhads pstpsi t i fvor a ( t
r i l o ufe re rbl r 3 he lnc
r hi i n her a , nd 4) he

ij ncin i i tep bl itr s. Pa h yv. l , 0 F.d3 7 3 0(t Ci. 01 ) l ti
nu to s n h u i nee t' s b Dei 7 9 3 0 , 2 4 h r 2 3 . n h s
c
'
a
c r ui, o s
ic t t how t lkelhood ofs c s on t m e isi t c e ofa a bir bl l bor
he i i
uc es
he rt n he ont xt n r t a e a
diput a pa t m us ' t bls t tt pos to he w ile pous i a bir ton i s fc e l
s e
ry
t ' a ih ha he ii n
es
l s
e n r t a i s uf i i nty
s m d t pr ve t a bir ton f om bei a f ie e
ot o e nt he r ta i '
r
ng utl ndea r l t r i a ge ne diput w ih
vo . f he e s
nui
s e t

r s e t oa abi a eis e teb rir(ot eis a c o a ij n to ). h sb e ce rd.
ep c t n r t bl su ,h are t h su n e f n nu cin .. a e n lae '
r
'
Le Br t r,554F. a 1 (ntr lquottonsomit .
ver ohes
2d t 20 i ena
ai
ted)
Rul 65( oft Fe r Rul ofCi lPr e epr d t t'hec t yis a
e c) he deal es
vi oc dur ovies ha ' our ma sue
t

prlmi r ij tonortmporr r tai ngor ronl i t mova gi sscurt i a
ei nay nunci
e ay esr ni de y f he
nt ve e iy n n
am ountt c tc i r pr rt pay t cos sa da a s t ne by a pa t f m d t
he our ons de s ope o
he t nd m ges usai d
ny ry ol o

h v b e wr n f lye j ie o r sr ie 'Ast Co r o Ap e l h ssae -'nij ncin
a e e n o g u l n on d r e tan d. he u t f p as a ttd -a n u to
'
bondposedi aBoysM akescaei pa bl onl i t pr lmi r ij toni f t ha
t n
r t s s ya e y f he ei nay nunci s ound o ve
be wr
en ongf l i s d,w he e, o exa pl t cou t none l i s a pr lm i r
uly s ue
r f r m e, he r e
ous y s ues e i na y

ij tonove albordiput no c r byt gre nc ar tai pr so oft
n unci
r a
s e t oveed he iva e birton oviins he
cont .'LeverBr t s,554 F. at 120-121.
ract'
o her
2d
The dam agest ar r
hat e ecover e undersuch a
abl
- --

bond' r t et taiefom t ope ai o t ij tonis fa notfo da
' e hos ha rs r he r ton f he nunci tel nd
a
rm mage
s

o c so e b tes i i e e d n l o teij n to . l .Th Co r o Ap e l c nsd r t e
c ai n d y h u tnd p n e ty f h nu cin' d e u t f p as o i es h
'
fiur t r quieabondbeor gr tngprlmi r ij tver i t berveri ee .Se
al e o e r
f e ani ei nay nunci elef o e sbl nor e
A & M Tnt n/ I ., 991 F. at110.
cki nc
2
2d

W i tea o ep e e t i midtec u t o cud st a ii a p o raet e j i te
t h b v r c p s n n h o r c n l e h t t s p r p it o n on h
h
Com pa f om s li a s t t G a tn untla bir ton i c pl t ,c tone on t pos i
ny r
e lng s e s o re
i r ta i s om e e ondii d
he tng
ofa
dequa e s urt
t ec iy.
A .A rbirabiiy
t lt

The c tfndst tt gre nc a a bir ton pr son w hi h a i st ' f e e es'
our i ha he i va e nd r ta i
ovi i
c pple o ' f r nc '
di
a i i o oft i e p e a i n ora i a i oft CBA ' pr s ons i br d e
r sng ut he nt r r t t o
pplc ton he
S ovi i s oa nough a t
nd he
s c s s p l ua oft a e e n bi
uc es or hi ang ge he gr em nt m guouse
nough t tt cour c nno s y wih
ha he
ta ta t

' ii a s a e't tt a bir ton ca e i nots c ptbl ofa i e pr tton t tc s
' tve s ur nc ' ha he r ta i lus s
pos
us e i e n ntr e ai ha over
t di put a ha
he s e t nd. I t w or oft Fo tt Cic t
n he
ds he trh r ui :

( c fqf ton, t nt nar w a tofBoysMaket a Le rBrt r,i t
The our s unci wihi he ro mbi
r s nd ve ohe s s o
m a a d t r i ton t tt t de l ng i s s ma be a bir bl a pr s r t
ke e e m na i ha he m ryi s ue y
r t a e, nd e e ve he

glausq s t tt abirt sc nfrtdecdet spr lmi r is ,andt n,f
stt uo o ha he r taor a is i hi ei nay sue
he i
a o i t de de t m e is W he a co l c i bar i ng agr e e c t i a
ppr pr a e, ci he rt .
n
le tve ga ni
e m nt on a ns
m a t r ar taton c a e, tr fe s t pa es desr t a bir t ,notltg e
nda o y bir i l us i e l ct he /i ' ie o r t a e
ii at ,
grevances.
i
l on
A r
t
D rve s Cha f ur . a e
i r , uf e s W r hous m e a H e pe s Tea s er Loca Uni N o.71 v. ke sM o or
e n nd l r
m t s
-

-

Li s I ,582F. 1 1 42 ( hCi.1 (mphassa d)( tr ngij tont e j n
ne .nc.
2d 336, 3 4t r 978) e
i dde afimi nunci o n oi
e pl r w ho w a i pr es ofpa ta l lqui i isbusnes ,f o f t r ng e um be i
m oye ,
s n oc s
r i ly i datng t
i s r m urhe i nc
rng

c pia a st pe ngr s uto o abirtonofgre nc sfl byUnin)
a tl s es ndi e ol in f r tai
iva e ied
o .
?Co rsamotu ioml a ay eo c tg rz ij n to s c a teo es u h b teUninh r a
u t l s nfr y n lz r ae o ie nu cins u h s h n o g t y h o ee s
pei n r ij ncinsa dtep rish r ha ef lwe s i Th c s 1w se towelstldfrt sc uto
rl ay nu to , n h at ee v ol d ut e a e a e ms o l-ete o hi o r t
mi
e
o
.
doot wie.He ,t c r ap i t srcur sofRul 65 oft Fe r lRulsofCi lPr ed e.Butt
her s
nce he ou t ples he tit e
e
he de a
e
vi oc m
he

ij n to s u h h r, n oh r lk i aeno i a yme nigu sns p ei n r t ameisb s rs lto i
n u cin o g t ee a d tes ie t r tn n a n fl e e rl ay o rt ae eouin n
,
mi
c t l d,ast Cour ofA ppeasha m adece r' oulsm us a dr ac ngt m e isofa bir bl diput .
our. ndee
he
t
l s
la ' '
c t
t voi e hi he rt
r ta e s es'
'
See Ake sM ot Li .l ,58 F. a 1 42.
r
or nes nc. 2 2d t 3

B.N or i - a G uar a
r sla
di
The c ttndst cic s a e he e f lw ihi t na r e pton t t a i to
our i
he r um t nc s r al t n he r ow xce i o he pplca i n

oft a i-nunci pr vii ofNori- Guadi be a ewihou a ij tona
he nt-ij ton o sons
rsLa r a c us t t n n unci
s e nty r nde ed a bir la d c d notr t ' t pa tess t ntaly t t s at s quo
ubs que l e r r t a war oul
e ul he r i ubs a i l o he t u
n

a t. An abtao ' d cso fn i gt eds ues be tt abi aina dwihntes o o
ne 3
r i t rs e iin id n h ip t u j c o r t to n t i h c pe f
r
r
t s c s s ppr sonsoft CBA woul bea e cs i f iiya trt sl i af t
he uc esorhi ovii
he
d n xerie n utlt fe he ae s ai
acc
ompl . The c pa e s nta l co e t tt s e i e e r s i f t l i a e nt
i
om ny s e i ly nt nds ha hi ntr xe ci e s u ie n ny ve
bec us G a t n doe noti t nd t be uni ze wilnota s e t Com pa soblga i
a e re
s
ne o
oni d, l
s um he
ny' i tons
unde t CBA ,a cmm otbe l ve age by t w ihho di oft as e sG a tn pu po t dl
r he
nd
e r d
he t l ng he s t re r r e y

i e t pur ha e,whih a e i i n a l vaued a no m o et n $250,
nt nds o c s
c r nc de t ly l
t
r ha
000.Al oft sma be
1 hi y
tue, tt a glm e m i s t poi . Tho h a bir biiy and a i a i oft
r bu he r z nt s es he nt
ug r t a lt
pplc ton he
s c s s p pr son a e i d de t bl i s ,t tt y a e de t bl pl ce t e i s
uc es or hi ovi i r ndee ba a e s ues ha he r ba a e a s hos s ues
bef r t a bir t nott co t a i i no a w e t te or em e oft s ce s s p
o e he r t a or
he ur , nd t s
ns r ha nf c nt he uc s or hi
pr s o i wea l ver ge unde c r ntc r um s a es
ovi i n s
ke a
r ur e ic t nc .

C.Pr lmi yI unci St
ei nar nj ton andar
ds
The Uni has s n t
on
how hat:
Thepariss tedt scas t t c to t de aai ande biss te be o et she e
te ubmit hi e o he our n he clrtons
xhi t ubmitd f r he c duld
pr i i r ij n to h aigo Au us 1, 01 ,a dp ee tdo yag me t o ta d t.S cin7o te
elm na .y nu cin e rn n g t 6 2 3 n rsne nl ru ns n h t ae e to
fh
Nori-, Gua di Ac pr de t t
rsla r a t ovi s ha :

Noc u t fh Uni dSae sal a ej rs ito t iseatmp rr o p r n n ijmcini a yc s
o r o te t tts h lh v uidcin o su e oay r ema e tnt to n n a e
e
iv vn o g o n o to albo ds ue a d f e i ti c pe,ecptatrhe rn tetsi n o
n olig r r wig u f a r ip t, s ei d n hs ha tr x e je a ig h et y f
n
mo
wi essi o nc u twi o p ru t frcos-xa nain i s p o t fh alg to so ac mpan ma e
t s e n pe o r ( t p otni o r se mi to ) n u p r o te l ain f o lit d
n
h
y
e
u roa h,a t s i o i opposto t r t i of e e ..
nde t nd e tm ny n
ii n he e o, f f r d,..

2 U. C. 0 (mp ssa d d .Se to 7 h we e ,i i a pl a l wh na e l y rsc nd t r s n s
9 S. j1 7 e ha i d e ) ci n , o v r s n p i b e e n mp o e ' o uc p e e t
c
c mp li cru tn e s c ta wi o th ij nto asbsq e t rn ee abta a r 'o l n t eu n
o el ic msa c s u h h t t u te nu cin u e u nl e d rd r irl wad ' ud o rtr
ng
h
y
c
tep ry s b tn i l t tes au qu a t . S eA & M Tnlk n , 91F.d a 1 l(e o n zn Le e B- t e s
h a t u sa tal o h tt s o n e' e
y
c i a 9 2 t 1 r c g i ig v r r h r
o

e c jint j7sa piain . An to g coa e i jrs it n lems c u tha eu io ml hedta whe
x e t o ' p lcto ) d h u h l k d n uidci a tr , o rs v nfr y l h t n
o
o

a pla e 57i arme ili tto no al tto o tec u t s be t te j rs ito a di wav be
p lcbl, s e da lmi in t i ain n h o r' u jc matr uidcin n s ia l.
a
mi
s
Th u h j 7i i a pl a l hee e e i a p ia l t ec u t l fn t a teCo a y wav d isp o i iin .
og
s n p i b e r , v n f p l b e h o r woud i d h t h mp n i e t r h b t s
c
c
o

1 l i lke y t s c d on t m e isast r quie nthasbe n defne wihi t
. t s i l o uc ee
he rt hat e r me
e
i d t n he

co e ofj301c r tdiputs I hass
ntxt
ontac s e . t hownt tisgiva ec r ngt Compa s
ha t re nc onceni he
ny'
sal ofass s t G art does notr s s unsound an i ue ast r
e
et o
en
ai e o
ss
o enderar taton a f ie
bir i
utl
endeavor
.

2. ti lkel t s f rir pa a e ha' i t ti will e a e onom i l ve age t t
l s i y o uf e r e r bl l n ha t l os ny c
m
ce r
ha
w oul ot wi e r s tf o a f vor bl de s on by t a bir t .
d her s e ul r m a a e ci i
he r t a or

3. onesdeoft s ae i t ij toni grntdt Co nyma l eis
On
i
he c l,f he nunci s a e he mpa
y os t

o p ru t t ma et ep o o e s l t Ga tn, n o t oh r i t eij n to i n tg a td
p o tni o k h r p s d ae o re a d n he t e ,f h n u cin s o rne
y
t Uni ma l e a ec
he on y os ny onomi lve a t tmi htohe wier s tfom af vor bl decson
c e r ge ha g t r s e ul r
a a e ii
by t a bir t . The pot ntalha ds p t t Com pa ca be a e i a e by r rng t
he r t a or
e i r hi o he
ny n
m lor t d
equii he
U ni t pos a a opr a e bond. A ny va ue i t CBA ' ar ta i and s es o s p
on o t n ppr i t
l n he
S bir ton
ucc s r hi

pr sonsaelkel l twihou a ij ton.Ac r i y,t baa eofhads pstpsi t
ovii r i y os t t n n unci
co dngl he lnc
r hi i n he
U ni sf
on' avor.

4 Th r i n ti a o theg a t o a ij n to t p e e v t esa u q oi t e
. e e s ohng b u t rni f n nu cin o r sr e h tt s u n h
ng
c r s a esbe or t co tt tc lct wih t publcs i er s .
icum t nc
f e he ur ha onfi s t he
i ' nt e t
D .B ond

Evi nc be or t c ti c t t tt t a va ueoft e ui nti '
de e f e he our ndia es ha he ot l l
he q pme s '
$250, a
000 t
m os . Undert dr um saw e , hec tc l
t'
he c t l s t our oneudest tda a sa c t a ii fom a
ha m ge nd os s rsng r

wr ulyis dij tonwoul no lkel e e t ta
ongf l sue n unci
d t i y xce d ha mount a t trquii s c iy i
, nd ha e rng e urt n
t am ounti appr i e.
hat
s
oprat

8

111.

TheCo tfndst ta abirt mi fndt Uni sgre es j tt bi ng
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