Smith v. Ely et al

Filing 45

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 02/05/2015. (kab)

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COREY SM I
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BY; Dsp
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ut'OL
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CL
ERK

CA SE NO.7:
14CV001
68
Pl nt f ,
ai i f
M EM O M N DU M O PINIO N

ELY, & ,
c

By:GlnE. nr d
e Co a
C hi fU ni e St t D i t i tJudge
e
t d a es s r c
D e endant .
f
s

Co ey J nnane Sm ih,a Vigni i ae pr e ng pr K ,fl d t sc vi rg sac i
r e i
t
r i a nm t oce di
o
ie hi i l iht ton

p ts a tt 4 U. C.j 1 8 ,wi s p e n a camst e saelw. S t alg st a a
t u n o 2 S.
r
9 3 t u plme tl li md r tt a
h
mi le e h t
h
g o of co r c i l ofi e s us d e es i f r e a i t hi or m e ey wa c
r up
r e tona fc r e xc sve o c ga ns m
rl
t hed wiho
t ut
i e ve ng as ot r us d e e s ve f ce Sm ih a s a l ge t t t def nda nur e a Red
nt r ni
he s e xc s i or .
t l o le s ha he e nt s t

Oni n St t Prs de i d hi oftm ey m e ca te t e . Afe r vi w oft r c d,t
o a e ion prve m
i l
di l r am nt
tr e e
he e or he

c t tde dee
our mus ny fndant'motonss e ngdimis loft a ton t r42U. C.j 1 ()
s i e ki s sa he ci mde
S.
997ea
f iitr t e us a nitai rme esa Defnda Taesmoint dimis
or- lte o xha t dmi srtve e di nd e nt t' to o s s .
a
1.Background

On J y 1 201 i t pr s of ta pori Sm ih t Re Oni St t Prs
ul 8, 2, n he oce s
r ns tng
t o d
on ae ion,
c r c i lofi r fom W a lnsRi St t Prs
ore tona fce s r
le
dge ae ion- Fn
nnon,El and Ca i o- a lgedl be t
y,
rc
le y a
Sm ih,s a
t pr yed hi w ih pe r s ay,a s ke hi e s i l w ih a e ec r c s un be t
m t ppe pr
nd hoc d m xce s ve y t n l t i t
l,

whie ye lng t e t and r i sur a hi . Two ot rofi e s com bsa Fil - alege y
l li hr a s
acal l s t m
he fc r nd e ds l dl
sood by a wac d t sus off cea di noti e v ne
t
nd the hi e or nd d
ntr e .

AtRe Ono Nt s Gln a Tae alg dy lo d a Smih s ij e ,t l hm h
d in, t e e d t1 le e l o ke t t ' nmi s od i e
r
w o d lve w e c ed hi t Re Oni n,a pr de no m edi a te m e . Sm ih a s a l ges
ul i , l om
m o d
o nd ovi d
c l r at nt
t l o le

ta Nl s Me d mir p e e td hs ijlis i h r me ia n ts a d itree wi h s
h t z e a e se rs ne i nt e n e d c l o e n nefr d t i
r
r
h

atmp st s o h sijlist t d co dzi g h s itk me ia sr e i by s yn h
te t o h w i n t e o he o tr l n i na e d c l c e nng a ig e
r
r
s d sgn up f sc c l. Sm ih alo c
houl i
or ik a l
t s ompli t ton Augu t7,he r pore t J y 1
ans ha
s
e td he ul 8
a tc t Red Oni W a de M a he who s i t ofi e s r pore y aci t d t st bet
ta k o
on r n t na,
ad he fc r e tdl tva e he tm l

be us Smih was ki ki t ta porai n va whi h Sm ih de e M ahe al dl
ca e
t
c ng he r ns tto
n, c
t ni d.
t na lege y

p o s d a iv siain a d me ia te t n frS t sij e ,b tn me ia te t n
r mie n n e tg to n dc l rame t o mih' nmis u o dc l r ame t
wa pr vi d a t ttm e. Smih lt rl a ne t no i tga i ha bee i tgaed i 201
s o de t ha i
t a e e r d hat nvesi ton d n nsi t n 2.

Beo et ec u t r moinsfrsl r j dg n u d r4 U. C.j1 97 () fldb
f r h o r ae to o l
mmay u me t n e 2 S.
9 e a, ie y
El Ca i Fi l , Combs a M ahe , a by Fn
y, rco, eds
, nd
t na nd
nnon, who i r pr e e by s pa ae
s e es nt d
e rt
c
ouns l The ede e nt s ek dimi s lofSmih' cai sf f itr t e us a i sr tve
e.
s f nda s e
s sa
t s l m or alte o xha t dm nita i

rme esa r quiedt rj1
e di s e r mde 997e() Dee ntTaeha fl amoint dimis Smihha
a . fnda t s ied
to o s s . t s
r ponde t de e nt 'm oto ,m a ng t m rpe f di poston:
es
d o f nda s
i ns ki he i or s ii
I .D e e
I f ndant 'M otonsf Sum m ar Judgm e
s
i
or
y
nt

ThePrs Lii tonReor Ac (TLIA',a
ion tgai
f m t û t ' mong ot rt ngs pr de i 42 U. C.
)
he hi , ovi s n
S.
j1 ()t taprs rc nnotbrng aci la ton c r ng prs n c tonst i heha
997ea ha
ione n
i
vi ci onceni io ondii mtl
s

frte h use a alb e a miitaie rme is P re v. sl,5 4 U. 5 6,5 4 ( 0 2 .
is x a td v ia l d n srtv e de . o tr Nu se 3 S. 1 2 2 0 )
Thi e usi r quie e a i t ç l i t s t , whehe t y i ve ge r l
s xha ton e r m nt pples o l l nma e uis
a
t r he nvol
ne a
cic sanc or pa tc a e s s .. .whehe t y alege exc sve f r e or s e ot r
r um t es
riulr piode ,
t r he l
es i o c
om
he
wr ' a wheher t f m of r i t i ae s e i a ia e t ough e usi n of
ongy' nd
t he or
elef he nm t e ks s va lbl hr
xha to
ad i sr tve r m e es 1
m ni t a i e di . d. Fa l e t f l t r quied pr e le of t pr s s
iur o olow he e r
oc dtr s
he i on'
1 Smih' c
t s ompli r e st t sdeenda a Nur eM e , a do ot rs s ins Thi opi o wil
ant efr o hi f nt s s ade s
ht ubmiso . s nin l,
howe r rf rt t sdefndantasNureTat,asr l cedi he s s inst t c t
ve , e e o hi e
s
e ete t n r ubmiso o he our.

a i sr tve r medy pr es ,i l ng tm e lm is ort e us al lvel of a nita i
dm nita i e
oc s ncudi i i t, o xha t l e s
dmi sr tve

rviw i nott ope exha ton'a wilba a i t sj1 3aci
e e s E r usi ' nd l r n nmae' 98 ton.W oodf dv.
pr
or Nao,548

U. 81 9 ( 0 6 .
S. , 0 2 0 )
Opertng Pr dur (: ' 866. i t wrte ad nitatverme espr edur t t
ai oce e 1OP'
) 1 s he itn mi sr i e di oc e ha

imae i t Vigna De a t n o Co r cins (t
n ts n he r i i p rme t f re to <
VDOC' mus f l w t c mpl wih
'
) t ol o o y t
o
j 1 () I t aeore edt t se oft spr dur ea htmet yar ta fre t a
997ea . nmaes r int o he tps hi oce e c i he e r nserd o
ne prs f c lt An i t m us frta tmptt r ol hi is i or l by co pltng
w ion a iiy.
nma e
t is te
o es ve s s ues nf maly
m ei

a i or a c
n nf m l ompli f m f whi h he r c ves a r cept As t f m is f sa e ,i t
ant or or c
e ei
e i.
he or tel t t s f he
i ae doe no r ceve a r pons t hi i or a co pl ntwihi 15 da ,he may fl a
nm t
s t e i
es e o s nf m l m ai
t n
ys
ie
r ul rgre
eg a i vanc us ng hi r c i ase de e t the a t m pt d t i or a co pl ntpr s .
e, i
s e e pt vi nc ha
te e he nf m l m ai oce s

A r a g iva mus be fld wihi 30 da oft oc ure e. I t g i vmw e i not
egulr re nce
t
ie
t n
ys
he c r nc
f he re
s
tm e y fl d,t i a ofi erwilma k û
i l ie he nt ke fc
l r ç r d Fii Pe i 'on t ba k oft f m a
Expie lng rod'
he c
he or nd

r t r i t t flr I t i ae diagr eswih t i a dec so het n has5 da t a a
e u n t o he ie . f he nm t s e
t he nt ke ii n, he
ys o ppe l
t t r gi na om buds an,whos dec s on i fna .
o he e o l
m
e ii s i l

De e nt 'e de a
f nda s vi nce boutt a nitai r m e f r s Smih hasfl a W al ns
he dmi sr tve e dy o m
t
ied t le
Ri a Re Oni i l r l undiput d a demonsr t st the di notc
dge nd d on s a ge y
s e nd
ta e ha
d
ompl t t r ulr
ee he eg a
gre nc pr e zeunde OP 866. a t a ofhi cli s On Augu t7,201 Sm ih fl a
iva e oc dlr
r
1 s o ny
s am .
s
2, t ied n
i or a c
nf m l ompl i cai ng t tFnnnon ha a t ke hi on J y 1 201 Alhoug Sm ih
ant l mi ha
d tac d m
ul 8, 2. t h
t
a is t t he r c ve a r e pt f t i or alc pl i ,w hi h he coul ha us d t f l a
dm t ha
e ei d ec i or he nf m
om a nt
c
d ve e o ie

r l rg i va e a
egu a re nc boutt as a t Smih di notfl a r gul gre nce a Re Oni i 201
he s ul, t d
ie e ar i va
t d
on n 2

on t te nt Sm ih fl d an i or a c
ha ve .
t ie
nf m l ompl i t W a lnsRi e ofi il ,r ceved De e be
ant o le
dg fca s e i
cm r
5,201 whi com pl ned about Fnnnon' aleged assaul i J y 2012. Snat di not 51 a
2, ch
ai
s l
t n ul
ih d
e

r gul rgre nc a W alensRi a
e a i va e t l
dge boutt as a t ho e r
he s ul, w ve ,

3

Si ia l Sm ih fl a i or a c pl i on Oct r 25,201 a
m l ry, t ied n nf m l om a nt
obe
2, bout a l ge y be ng
le dl i
de e m edi al a s s e by Ta e whe he ar i a Red O ni
ni d
c s es m nt
t
n
rved t
on. He di not f l a r gul
d
ie e ar

greva e i 201 a
i nc n 2 boutTa e' de a ofm e ca c r
t s nil
di l a e.

l J y 201 Smih fl aci lrght compl nti t scour unde 42 U. C.j 1
n ul
3, t ied vi i s
ai n hi
t r
S.
983,
a s ri t tt def nda s a tonson J y 1 201 had vi ae hi c tt i lrght . See
s e tng ha he e nt ' c i
ul 8, 2
ol td s onsiutona i s
Smih v.El Cas No.7:3CV00329. The c ts
t
v, e
1
our umm a iy dim is t s a to wiho
rl s s ed hi c i n t ut

p eu ieo Oco e 2 ,2 3 b sd o S t sia claesae n i hspe dn st a h s
rj dc n tb r 5 01 , a e n mih' n c t t ttme t n i la ig h t i
r
exhi t pr ve e usi ofa nitai r m e esbe o e flng t lws t asr quie unde
bis o d xha ton dmi sr tve e di f r ii he a ui, e r d
r

4 U sc j 1 9 ea . S t ddno a p a.S t tldt c re tlws i i Ap i201
2
9 7 ()2 mi i t p e l mi ie he u rn a ut n rl 4.
h
h
A s sae de e nt 'e de e esa ihe ,and Smih does no de t the f ie t
tt d, f nda s vi nc tbls s
t
t ny, ha
al d o

c
ompl wih t tm e lm is of OP 86 1. W hie no xha to unde t PLRA i a
y t he i
i t
6.
l ne usi n
r he
s n

afimai defns ,Jo sv.Boc 549U. 1 21 (
fr tve e e ne
k,
S. 99, 2 2007) aprs ma s vi sl y
, ioner y ur ve lmmar

j d me to ti g o nd b d mo srt t a te g iv n e s tm wa n ti valbe't
u g n n h s r u y e n tai h t h re a c yse
ng
s o û ia l' o
a
hi by sa i t ac ss
mt tng t t howi t thewa pr ve ed, hr
f
ng ha
s e nt t ough no f ul ofhi own,fom a lng
a t
s
r
'
vaii

h msl o t a p o e u e' Gr h m v.Ge ty 41 F.Ap x 6 0,6 3 (t Ci.2 1
i ef f h t r c d r .
' aa
nr, 3
p' 6 6 4h r 01 )
(n u ls e ) (iig Mo r v.Bemet 51 F.d 71 ,7 5 (t Ci.2 08 Ac o dn l ,
u p b ih d ctn
oe
l t, 7 3 7 2 4h r 0 :. c r ig y
d fn a t ae e t ldt s mmayj d me tba e o pan ifsf ilet e h us o l i te
ee d n s r ni e o u r u g n s d n litf alr o x a t ny f h y
t
t
c n ûho ta t e e ie e i s o esd d ta no ra o a e fcfn e c u d fn t a ( e
a d w h t h vd nc s o n -ie h t e s n bl a ti d r o l i d h t t
s
h
prs nelwa pr ve ed fom e
io r s e nt r xhausi hi a nitatve rmedis. Hilv.O' in,387 F.
tng s dmi sr i e e ' l
'
Bre

Ap x 3 6 3 9 ( t Ci.J l 1 2 0 ( p bih d (e e sn a a r o s mmay
p' 9 , 9 4h r uy 2, 01 ) un u ls e ) rv ri g n wa d f u r
j d me ta ans a prs n rwh came ta p io o t as h d hn rd h sa iiy t fl
u g n g i t io e o li d h t rs n f l a idee i b l o ie
ki
t
a nitai gre nc ) Ma s v.Cl ke No.7: 1 v262,201 W L 29
dmi srtve iva es; kdesi ar ,
1c
2
3155,a * ( .
t 2 W D.
2 tWjeefi r t e h uti a p rn fo tefc o tec mpan 'tec ut y smmai ds s
A h r al e o x a s s p ae t rm h ae f h o lit'h o rma u rl imis
(
u
y
tec mplito ta go n An es nv.
h o an n h t ru d. d ro XYZ Cor cin lHe lh S r ie.I .40 F.d 6 4 68 (t Ci.
re t a at evc s nc, 7 3 7 , 2 4h r
o
20 5.
0)
4

Va.J n.31,201 ( i c tsoblgain to e tr t ta deecsi e usi wer not
a
2) notng our' i to t nsle ha ny f t n xha ton e
t
pr urd fo t aci or i ci of prs ofi as' (nt na quottons and ctton
oc e r m he ton na ton
ion fcil' i er l ai
)
iai
o te .
mitd)
Sm ih as e t t t t gre nc pr dur a Re Oni and W a lns Ri e wer
t s rs ha he iva e oce es t d
on
le
dg
e
una ia e t hi . Sm ih s a e t t he w as a s gne t s gr t o a Red Oni n a w as
va l bl o m
t t t s ha
s i d o e ega i n t
o nd
w ihouthi pe s lpr r y f s ve a d ,whie ofk i l s ar he i f c r ba
t
s r ona ope t or e r l ays
l t a s e c d t or ont a nd. l t s
n hi

housng as i e ,Sm ih ha no pe s lac es t r m e f m s whi h s r ior a e t
i
sgnm nt
t d
r ona c s o e dy or , c upe v s s r o

pr de u
ovi pon r que t Sm ih sa e t ton J y 1 201 he a ked t dif r ntofi i s f
e s.
t t t s ha
ul 8, 2,
s
wo fe e
fcal or
i or lc
nf ma ompl i f mst pr t tt e es f c a de a ofm e ca te t
ant or o o es he xc s or e nd nil
di l r a ment butnet r
,
ihe
ofii lpr de hi wih f m s He al ge t tf t ne t wee ,he co i
fc a ovi d m t or .
le s ha or he xt wo
ks
ntnued t as
o k
ofker ,wihout s c s f f r . Once he r ceve hi pr ry on Aug t 5,201 he
t s t
uc es , or o ms
e i d s ope t
us
2,
al ge y tld t onl i or c
le dl ie he y nf mal ompli f m he had,c
ant or
ompl i ng a
ani bout t as a t He
he s ul.
s a es t t alhoug he r e ve a r ce pt ofk e s r us t pr de hi w ih a r ul r
t t ha t
h
ec i d
e i , t r ef ed o ovi
m
t
eg a

g iva f m s he c d c tnuet e usi n pr e eswihi t 30- de i t r
re nce or o
oul on i he xha to oc dur
t n he day adlne mde
t OP.
he

Sm ih a s ca ms t ta t
t lo li ha lhough he a ke f a tona i or c
s d or ddii l nf mal ompl ntf ms fom
ai or r
Augus t ough Ocobe 201 no ofi e woul pr vi hi f ms On Oc obe 25, 2,Sm ih
t hr
t r 2,
tc r
d o de m or .
t r 201
t

fld a if r lc mp an (le e l o tie fo a ohe imae , o liig a o tNt s
i n n o ma o lit alg dy ban d r m n t r n t) c mpann b u l e
e
r
Ta e' a l ed m ic
t s leg
s onduc i J y 201 Once he r ceve a r s
t n ul
2.
e i d e pons ,he a lgedl fld a
e
le y ie
r lr gre nc a
egua i va e bouthe a tons butdi notr c ve a r eit o a r pons He al dl
r ci ,
d
e ei
ec p r es e.
lege y
a ke of i e s f a t r r gul r gre
s d f c r or no he e a i vanc f r ,butt y s i t w e e t bus t pr vi
e om
he a d hey r oo
y o o de
hi one.
m

5

Afe hi i tallws ta
tr s nii a ui boutt J y 1 201 i i ntwass ma iy dimis d unde
he ul 8, 2 ncde
um rl s s e
r

j 1 9 ea f rf ile t e h us,S t atmp e a n w ru o if r lc mp an s a d
9 7 () o alr o x a t mih te td e o nd f n o ma o lit n
t

g iv n e . Ofiil rj ce t e erme y fr a rp ttv o u tmey,e vng S t wih
re a c s fcas ee td h s e d o ms s e eiie r n i l la i mih t
no a ia e a i sr tver our e
va lbl dm nita i ec s .
Ta ng t s e de e fom Smih' a fda t i t lg mos f vor e t hi ,as
ki hi vi nc r
t s fi vis n he iht
t a abl o m

r q ie o s mma yj d me t t c u t n no tn t a lh e i e c i s o esd dt tn
e ur d n u r u g n ,he o r c n t i d h t û e v d n e s o n -ie ha o
t
ras bl fcti c d fnd t t( t wa pr ve ed fom e usi hi a nitai
e ona e a fnder oul i ha Smihj s e nt r xha tng s dmi srtve
r me e .'Hil 38 F.
e dis' l, 7 App' a 399. Smih a fr a i l as e t, t s ci c f c si s ppo t
x t
t fim tvey s rs wih pe t a t n u r,
i
t t prs ofki l ' f iur t pr de hi ne s a y r m e f m s r nder d t r gul r
ha ion t a s a l e o ovi
m ce s r e dy or
e e he e a
g iva e pr dm e una ia e t hi a c us d hi f im e t c
re nc oce
val bl o m nd a e s al o omplt t t pr d e as
e e ha oce m
r quied f r e usi n. Bec us Smih t pr s nt ma e i lf t i diput on t s d e e
e r o xha to
a e
t hus e e s t ra acs n s e
hi ef ns ,

t c tmus de defnda s motons( Nos 23,29,& 38)a wilnotdimisSmih'
he our t ny e nt' i ECF .
nd l
s s
ts
cli f f iur t e us a i sr tver m e e .
a ms or al e o xha t dm nita i e di s
1 1 De e
1 . f ndantTa e sM o i t D i m i s
t'
t on o s s
A.
The A le i
l gatons

Sm ih' s
t s ubmisons t ke i t lghtm os f vor bl t hi ,pr e t f l ng
s i , a n n he i
t a a e o m
es nt he olowi
f cua alegai r lva t hi cli s a i tNur e Ta e On J y 1 201 a W ale
a t l l tons ee nt o s am gans
s t.
ul 8, 2, t
lns
Ri ,ofi e sbe thi ,ma ed hi i t f c a s ke hi r pe t dl wih a sun bets
dge tc r a m
c
m n he a e, nd hoc d m e a e y t t
l o

t a ûtb r ta h l tro h t ly r o co hn . ( mi Af.2,ECF No.1 1) Th s
h t t u n oe h lug l wo a e s f lt ig' S t f
i
'
h
- . ee
a tonsl thi wih a E t d f e lps nos a s le bl c e ,'a G zni s ns ton t
c i ef m t 4 e ac , i , e nd wo ln a k yes' t r ng e a i o
bus
bl

( i)fc a d e e'' m tema e a ûhr d g e b rtlc rto 't h sb c fo tesu
hs a e n y 'fo h c , nd ç id e re u n a eain'o i a k r m h t n
r
t
bet (d. 2- )
l. I at 3.

6

W hen Sm ih ani d a Re Oni l t r t t da i f l r s r nt a a s t m as Ta e
t
ve t d
on a e ha y, n u l e tai s nd pi
k, t

pe f m e a me c la s s ntofhi c ton. Smih t d Ta e ûha he c d nots e outof
ror d
di a s es me
s ondii
t ol t i t
t
oul
e

h se e a trben s r yld wi ma e't d b e b ae a d s o k d wi t e ee to c
i y s fe ig p a e j t c , û e n e tn n h c e t h lcr ni
h
' ha
h
b l, a d E e dgd s mehigf rh sb c ' (d a 3) Tael td S t ss ita d lo e a
et' n l e e ) o t n o i a k. I . t . t i e mi hr n o k d t
'
n
'
f
h'
ûh womdll' n hsb c , n s i,û u will e b y W ec met Re Ono ' (d. Tae
ç e t s'o i a k a d ad G
t
Yo l i , o . lo o d in. 1 ) t
v
'
di notpr de Sm ih an te t e ormedia i Sm ih a tc s a pag fom hi Re Oni n
d
ovi
t y r am nt
c ton.
t ta he
e r
s d
o

m e c c r f J y 1 201 on whih Tae notd t ts c c d Sm ih' ba k duet l e
dial ha t or ul 8, 2,
c t
e ha he he ke
ts c
oç
us

ofra bel dtrng ta porai ' a t r wee t ope a e sorrdne snotd. ( t
e ct t li rns ttons' nd hee r t
no n r a
e s e ' Smih
'

Af. A,
f Ex. ECF 12)
-.
Dr M ilr exa ne Smih on J y 26, 201 f hi i a as esm e , wih Tae
. le
mi d
t
ul
2, or s nt ke s s nt t
t
as itng. Sm ih t d Dr M ilr t he ha be n be t n and s ke on J y 1 wihou any
ssi
t ol . le hat
d e ae
hoc d
ul 8 t t

me ca c r a a ke t do t t l a t ûhid deg e bur lc rton on ( s ba k
di l a e nd s d he cor o ook t he i r
t
r e nt a e ai
hil c

be us i ma ge i e e ' ( t Af.5- )Taet dDr Milrt tSmih coul fl asc
ca e t y t nfctd. Smih f 6. t ol . le ha t
'
d ie ik
calr ques f te t ntofhi ba Sm ih s i t tTa ehad de e hi team e on J y 1
l e t or r a me
s ck.
t ad ha t
nid m r t nt ul 8
and t the ha ar dy sg u f sck c lwihoutge tng a team e . Dr M ilrr ple
ha
d lea i ned p or i al t
ti ny r t nt . le e i d,

tYo don' s e t bei a y pai no s you c sgn upf rsc ca1'3 (I a 6. Thene
ç u
t em o n n n w o
an i
o ik 1. Jk t )
'
xt
-.

da Smih s t r ques f ms t t medial sa f a ki f m e c l ca e but t e
y,
t ent wo e t or o he
c t f, s ng or di a r ,
hes

r lssWe e ne ra We e
eqle t r ve ns r d.
B.St ndar ofRe e
a
d
vi w

A motont dimisptrua t Fe r lRul ofCi lPr e le 1 b)6)t t t lga
i o s s ls nt o de a e
vi oc dtr 2( ( ess he e l
s fce ofa c
ufi incy
ompli t dee m i whehe t pl ntf ha pr pe l sa e a cai ;ttdoes
ant o tr ne
t r he ai if s o ry t t d l m û
i
no r ol c es ss r m di t f c s t m e is ofa c a m ,ort a i biiy ofdef e .
t es ve ont t ur ot ng he a t , he r t
li
he pplca lt
ens s '
'
3 I t medi c twhih Smih a tched t hi compl nt t doct not on J y 26,201
n he
cal har
c
t ta
o s
ai , he
or ed
ul
2,
t tSm ih com pl ned ofback pai buts
ha
t
ai
n,
howed Eno sgn ofbac pai 'durngt exam ,and wast dt
d i
k n' i he
ol o

t in u f sc c lf ra ba k is s' ( t Af. A, 12.
G g p or ik al o ny c sue . Smih f Ex. ECF - )
s
'
7

Re u l a Pat o N. v Ma t 9 0 F.d 9 3 9 2( t Ci.1 9 ) tl h c mplitmu t
p bi n ry f C. . ri 8 2 4 , 5 4h r 9 2 .t-l e o an s
c
n,
lbe dimi s d i i doesnotal ge tnough f t t sa e a cai t r le t ti pl i e o is
s se f t
le e
acs o tt
l m o ei f ha s ausbl n t

fc .' Giraa v.J h o 5 F.d 2 8 3 2 ( t Ci.20 8 (n en lq oain a d
a e'
' ar tno o ns n, 21 3 9 , 0 4 h r 0 ) itr a u tto s n
ctt nso te ) W h l t ec u t s v e tealg d fcsi t l h mos fv rb et te
i i mitd . ie h o r mu t iw h le e a t n he i t t a o a l o h
ao
g
pli if i t ed not a e as t u t r a ed i e e es lnr a ona e c l i , or
antf, t ç
ne
cc pt
r e mwa r nt nf r nc , l e s bl onc usons

a g me t. 1 .(n en l q oain a d ctto s o te ) (mp a i a d d . A cam i
r u n s' d itr a u tto s n i in mitd e h ss d e )
'
a
li s
plusbl j t compl ntc ansGa t a co e t talowst c tt da t ras bl
a i e . he
f
ai onti t c u l ntnt ha l he our o rw he e ona e
f
i ee et tt dee ti labl f t mic
nfrnc ha he fndan s i e or he sonduc aleg 'and j t r i t et n a
t l ed,' . hee s G
f
mor ha
s r pos i lt t t a de e ntha a t d unl u l ' A s r tv.I l 556 U . 66 678
hee
sbiiy ha
f nda
s ce
awf ly.' hc of
eba ,
S. 2,

( 0 9 . Ad iin l , h c u t s af r lb r l o t to t t ealg to si S t sp o
2 0 ) dto al t e o r mu t fo d iea c nsmcin o h le ain n mi r
y
h'

s pe dn s Brwnv. C. pt o Co r, 2F.d7 0, 2 ( t Ci. 01 )
e la ig . o
N. De '. f r.61 3 2 7 2 4 h r 2 0 .
C .Cons iut ona Cl m s
t t i l ai

I i wel e t bls t ttdei r t i fe e t s rous m e ca nee ofprs r
t s l sa ihed ha G lbe ae ndif r nce o e i
di l ds
ione s
c tt es t unnec s r a want i l c i of pai .
ons iut he
es a y nd
on nti ton
n

as pr c i by t Ei ht
os rbed
he g h

Ame d n . Esel v Ga e 4 U.. 7 1 4-0 ( 9 6 (nena q oain a d ctto
n me t' tl . mbl, 29 S 9 , 0 1 6 1 7 ) itr l u tto s n i ins
'
e
a
omit . A s t e l srousme c lne i lonet tha be n di nosd byaphysca as
ted)
ufkinty ei
dia ed s E ha s e ag e
iin
ma tng team e oronet ti s obvi t te n a 1 y peron woul e iy r ogni t
ndai r t nt
ha s o
ous ha ve
a
s
d asl ec ze he

n c siyf rad co ' atn in'l v. l e e 5 5F.d2 5 2 ( t Ci. 0 ) a ap io
e e st o o trs te to , ko Sl v , 3 3 2 , 41 4h r 2 08, nd rs n
'
r
ofi a i ç lbe a ey i fe e ' y i he was pe s l a r of f c s i c i a
fcil s t i r t l ndifr nt'onl f
de
r onaly wa e
a t ndiatng
û es i rs t a i a e' heat ors ey, a t ly r c ni e t exitnce ofs h rs
t
exc sve ik o n nm t s lh
af t ' c ual e og z d he se
'
uc ik,
a dir a de orr s nde unr a ona y t t trs Fam e v.Br nnan,511U . 825,837
nd seg r d
e po d e s bl o ha ik. r r
e
S.

( 994) An ofkils i e i la toromison t tdea a i t sa e st ne esay
1 .
t a ' ntntona c
si ha lys n nmae' cc s o c sr
m e c c r m a sae a consiutona cli i i c us d s t i ha m t t pa int W e
dial a e y t t
tt i l am f t a e ubsantal r o he te . bb

8

v Hn d la ,2 F.Ap x 1 9,1 6 (t Ci.2 0 )(iain o te ) Nete t eimae s
. miulh 81
p' 5 6 4h r 0 8 ctto s mitd . i r h n t '
h
t ia r e n ' wi
t sg e me t' t
d
h

me ia j d me t o e a p o rae te t n , n r a me ia
dc l u g n v r p r p it rame t o
dc l

pr e so ls tna ren f ilr t pr vi a
of s i na ' û dve t t alze o o de dequae m e ca c r ' s tsi s t de i r t
i
t
di l a e' ai fe he lbe a e

id fee c sa d r Esel,4 U. a 1 5 0 (ç e ia map a tc d e n tbe o a
n ifrn e tn ad. tl 29 S. t 0 - 6 û d c l lr cie o s o c me
e
M
c tt ina vi ai meey be us t vitm i aprs r' Ge man v.She rn,531F.
onsiuto l olton rl ca e he ci s ione .
l; r i
ai
App' 39 395( h Ci. 3)
x 2, 4t r 201 .
Sm ih as e t t tTa e vi a e hi rght unde t Ei ht Ame
t s rs ha t olt d s i s
r he g h
ndme a Vigi a'
nt nd r ni s

n g ie c sa d r wh n s e fi d t p o ie te t n f rhi fca iju e ,hs s rig
e lg n e tn a d e h al o r vd rame t o s a il nti s i mat
e
n
e , t open woundson hi ba k. He al ge t tTa em isa e t a
yes and he
s c
le s ha t s tt d he ppea a ofSmih'
r nce
t s

ij re i h rme ia n tsbysaigt tlh le wa n o e ae so r d e s'whih S t
n u is n e d c l oe
ttn ha t er ) s o p n r a r e n s , c mi
t
'
h
itr rt a he atmp t c v ru te o t r 't o tmto a a t. ( mih Af.4. S t
nep es s r te t o o e p h f s mc nsi i n l cs S t f ) mi
ke
h
as alg st tTaeitru td Dr M i e' itk e mi to s t a S t stn u iswo l
lo le e ha t n er pe . l rs na e xn nain o h t mih' t j re ud
l
i
n v rb d c me td' n p e e tdSmihfo g ti te t n .( 6)
e e e o u ne 'a d rv n e
t r m et r ame t J .
ng
#.
Ta i t lg mos f a e t Smih, hea lga i i t c
ken n he i ht t avor bl o
t t le tons n he ompl i a e t twhe
ant r ha
n

he ari d a Re Oni t wo
rve t d
on, he undson hi bac pr s nt a ne f i e ae m e c lc r
s k e e ed
ed or mm di t di a a e
t t was G o obvi us t teve a l y pe s n w o d e s l r cog z t nec s t 'f r s h c r
ha
t
s
o ha
n a ro
ul a iy e ni e he es iy' o uc a e.

l 535 F. a 241, Alhough he t d Ta et thehad be n pe r s a and be t n a
ko,
3d t
t
ol t ha
e ppe pr yed
a e bout

t fc a d wa i p i s edd n tr mo ete s i ma k t e n n h sijliso drc te
he a e n s n an, h i o e v h pt s o x mie i n t e r ie t h
r
ofk e st dec a i t hi Furhe m o e awe k lt r Ta ealege y i e z e t doc ors
t r o ontm na e m. t r r ,
e a e , t l dl ntm pt d he t '

d susinofS t sba k ijlisa dr q rd S t t fl asc c l rq et t u o c mo e
ic so
mi
h' c nt e n e uie mi o ie ik al e u s,h s n e r
r
h
p e ni S t fo g tig p o tte t n f rh sijlis Lie al c nsr e ,S t s
rve t mi r m et r mp rame t o i n t e . b rl o tu d mih'
ng
h
n
r
y
alegainss
l to uppor a ras bl i ernc t tTaekne fom t a aa e ofhi ij is
t e ona e nf e e ha t w- r he ppe rnc
s nure
a hi sae e s t he - t the ha a s i m e c lnee f pr m ptte t e oft e
nd s t tm nt o r ha
d erous di a
d or o
r am nt hos

iju e ,W e b 2 1F.Ap x a 1 6 b tt c d ly d p o tte t n a d tu p oln e
nti s b , 8
p' t 6 , u wie ea e r mp rame t n h s r o g d
sm ih' s ve epan,4so as t sa e apl usbl c am ofdei r t i fe e eunde Ese l a
t se r i
o tt
a i e li
lbe a e ndif r nc
r t le nd
We
bb. I ,55 U. a 678. The ef e,t c ltwilgr ntTa e' moton t dim is a t
gbal 6 S. t
r or he otr l a
t s i o s s so

Smih' cli Ind j 1
t s ams l er 983.
D .St e Law C l m s
at
ai

S t as a s rs a sae 1w cam o G e lg n e'a an tTae ( mp .1 . Tae
mi lo se t tt a li f û g ie c ' g i s t. Co l 4) t
h
n
mait nst ts i e ild t s ve e g i mt t agans Smih' m e ca ne i nce c am s
n ai ha he s ntte o o r i n m miy i t t s di l glge
li .
Unde c ti cic tnc s a sae e oye c ge wih o di r ne i nc i t c ls of
r eran r umsa e , t t mpl e har d t r na y glge e n he otre

h re ly n e j y s veeg i nt a an tcamsf rmo e y d ma e . S eW hte
e mp o me t n o s o rin mmu i g is li o n G a g s e
y
ilv
v Co n at 5 8S. 2 2 6 3 -2 ( . 0 0 (li a an tn re a aDe rme to
. mmo we 1 3 E.d 9 , 010 Va 2 0 ) cams g i s u s s t pat n f
h,
Core tons f c lt a l i ne i nc i wr ' de t aci n dim is d unde s r i
rci
a iiy leg ng glge e n ongf
ul ah to s s e
r ove egn

i
mmuniydocrne) Ast movi pa t Taehast bur nofpr ngi
t ti . he
ng ry, t
he de
ovi mmuniyi warntd
t s ra e
b t e denc L= Bec us nohi i t rc detbls st tTaei asaee oye s
y he vi e. d
a e t ng n he e or sa ihe ha t s tt mpl e, he
i note ild t dim is ofSmih' cli son t gr md ofs e g i
s
ntte o s s al
t s am
he ot
over i n mmuniy.
t
Ta e alo m ant i t tSmih hasnotc
t s
i ans ha
t
omple wih t Vigi a M e c M apr tc
id t he r ni
di al l aci e

Ac. Va.Code j8. - .. A pli ifbrngng ame ca mapr tc a to unde Vigi a
t
015811
antf i i
di l l acie cin
r r ni
1 w m us ,pror t pur ui s r c of pr s , ob a n f om an e r w ine s a s g d w rte
a
t i o
s ng e vi e
oce s t i r
xpe t t s
i ne
it n

opi o c riyi t t t de e
ni n e tf ng ha he f ndan t vit d fo t a ia e sa r of c r a t
t û a e r m he pplc bl t nda d
de
a e nd he

d v ain wa a p o i t c u e o te iju e came ' Va Co e j8. - 0.. Thee pe t
e ito s r xmae a s f h nti s li d. . d
'
012 1
x r
wines sa e e r quie ntm a be e e howe r wher i a ntf,i good f t a lges
t s tt m nt e r me
y
xcus d,
ve ,
e t i if n
pl
aih, le
a m e c m apr c i a ton t t as e t a t or of la lt whe e e r t tmony i
dial l a tce c i ha s rs he y
ibiiy
r xpe t esi
s

4 Smi sae ta te ij re o hsbak ma ed i a t te p i u,s c a s o rn ,d esng
t tts h t h nu is n i c d al ci is anfl u h s h weig rsi ,
h
y vi
ce nn hi c l o e e se pn .Hesae ta teij re t hsmo t ma ec e ngu c mfra ef mo ts
la ig s el r v n le ig
,
tts h th nuis o i uh d h wi n o o tbl or nh ,
a t s li a oundhi eye a fcedhi vii
nd he welng r
s s fe t s son.

10

u e e s r b c u e t e alg d a to n gie c ce ry l swihn t e rng o te j r s
nn c say e a s h l e c f e lg n e lal i t i h a e f h u y'
e
e
c
ommonknowldgea e re e. Va.Code j8. - 1.Smih algest tonJ y 1 Tae
e
nd xpeinc '
'
0120.
t le ha
ul 8, t
kne fom hi sa e nt a fom l ng hi c ton,t the had bèe pe rs a d a
w, r
s t t me s nd r ooki
s ondii ha
n ppe pr ye nd
ha s ro ,o n blr ed pache on hi bac but ofe e no te t e t n or on J y 26.
d e i us pe ln
t s
s k,
frd
r a m nt he
ul
Ta ng t e a l ga i a t t t co ttnds t tSm ih m a be a e t pr f c st pl e hi
ki hes le tons s rz he ur s
e,
ha
t
y
bl o ove a t o ac s

cai a ns Taewihi t E ommonknowldge'e e i unde j8. - 1
l ms gai t t t n he t
c
e ' xc pton
r 0120..
I Conc us on
V.
l i

F rt e sae r a o s t e c ur fnd t tt e moinsf rsl r j g n t e
o h ttd e s n , h o t i s ha h to o l
mmay ud me t md r
j 1 ()and Defnda Tae' moto t dimismus be de ed. An a o it or rwil
997ea
e nt t s in o s s
t
ni
ppr prae de l
e ert s da
nt hi y.

The Cl r i die e t s nd c es of t s m e and opi on a a ompa ng
e k s r ctd o e
opi
hi
mor um
ni nd cc
nyi
o d t pl i if
r er o a ntf .

ENTER:ThsS W d yo Fe ray 2 5
i
a f bu r, 01 .
.

ChifUnie St t sDititJ
e
t d a e src udge

11