Hurd v. Clarke

Filing 11

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 12/11/2014. (tvt)

Pro t t tme l di up t t tans ton,Da r n a ( ttonej ha
ir o he i ea ng
o he r aci
me o nd Peii r d
s ver l pho c
e a
ne onve s i . Thes c
ratons
e onve s tons we e r co de usng a
rai
r e r d i
r or ng de ce pr ded by l w e or e e ofii l. Law e or e t
ec di
vi
ovi
a nf c m nt fc as
nf c men
ofi i l a s tted Dnme on wih a r co di de ce t r or he m e tng wih
fc as lo it
r
t e r ng vi o ec d r e i
t

( tto e) The r c r ig o te p o e c n e sto s a me t wee
Peiin r.
e o dn f h h n o v rain nd ei
ng r
a it i o evi nce a t i .
dm ted nt
de
t ral

Peii r arve a t l ai of t me tng i a ve ce wih t ohe
ttonel ri d t he oc ton he ei n
hil t wo t r
i vi l . Li utna Da r Dut a unde c r polc ofi e ,was wih
ndi dua s
e e nt ryl
y, n
r ove
ie fc r
t

Dnmeon,andt a oa he ( ttoner' ve cl Oneoft occ nt i t
r
hey ppr c d Peii ls hi e.
he upa s n he
c ri t c e t tonl one oft m s d c et t ve cl Dut e e ed t
a nsnzt d ha y
he houl om o he hi e. y nt r he
ve cl, a t oc upa pe m itd Dut t e m i a bag of c a k c ai
hi e nd he c nt r te
y o xa ne
r c oc ne.
W he Dut que tone w he he t ba co a ne tve gr m s of c a k c ai ,
n
y
si d
t r he g nt i d i
a
r c oc ne

t oc upa a g ttone la s ed Dut t t ba c ane fve grmsof
he c nt nd peii r sur
y hat he g onti d i n
c a k c i D ut e t d t ve c e on t pr t xtof g ti t m one t buy
r c oca ne.
y xie he hi l
he e e
e tng he
y o

t eca k c c i e AsDu y wak dt hsv hce ( eiin r y le ta t a h
h rc o an .
t l e o i e il, P t o eq eld h t h t e
t
wan e t money. A d to l ofi e s a rved a t l a i a a r se
t d he
dii na fc r ri
t he oc ton nd re t d

( eiin r a t et o c p n si t ev hil.
P tto ej nd h wo c u a t n h e ce
Hur v.
d Commonwe t No.0046- 2- si op. t2- ( Ct App.J y 1 201 ) s eJ s
a1h,
1 3, lp a 3 Va. .
ul 2, 2 ; e one

v. ra , 4 F.d 1 06 1 1 (t Ci. 9 )(ttn wrte fn i so h so ia fc b t e
Mu r y 9 7 2 1 , 1 0 4 h r 1 91 saig itn idng f itrc l a t y h
saec t r pr lmedt becore ta e ildt defrnceunl ss wnt beer ous.
tt our a e esz o
rc nd ntte o ee
es ho o rone )
Afe r viwi t sae c t ec d,1fnd t tt pe iin f rawrtofha sc pus
tr e e ng he t t our r or i ha he tto o
i
bea or
mus be dimis d be us t diposto oft sc am wasnotco r r t o a t e ona e
t
s s e ca e he s ii n hi l i
nta y o, r n mr as bl
a i a i of cla l e t bls d f r l1w orba e on a urr s bl deer i ton oft
pplc ton , e ry sa ihe ede a a
sd
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he

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e ea c u te iwig a e s eiin ç eu llh sae o r' a t li ig o e o n
p
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ng
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du iae h li n h rt ' l Pih se, 6 S.
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Thee l to ofwhehe asa ec tde soni kc r y t ' ta u e ona ea ia i of'fder
vauain
t r tt our cii s dontar o'or çn nr as bl pplc ton
e al

lw i b s do a i e e d n r v e o e c sa d r .W i imsv Ta o , 2 U. 3 2, 2- 3( 0 0 .A sa e
a s a e n n nd p n e t e iw f a h t n a d l a . vlr 5 9 S. 6 41 1 2 0 ) tt
l
c u t eemiai i ç o tayt'fd rllw iiç rie a ac n l ino po i t ta r ah db (h Uni d
o r d tr n t sç nrl o' e ea a ftt rv s t o cuso p st o h t e c e y te t
on c
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Sae Su rme Cout naq e t no lw o itesaec u t cd sac s dfee t ta (h UntdSae
tts pe l r o u si fa r f h tt o rdeie a e ifrnl h n te ie tts
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S p e )Co r h so ast maeil idsig ih befcs' 1 a 41
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Pr es Cl e oft Four e nt A m e e pr ec s a s a e c tde e
oc s aus
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te h
ndm nt ot t t t our f ndan f om co c i
tr
nvi ton

d xce upon pr be
t pt
e
oof yond ar as bl doubtofe r f ctnec s a yt c tt e t c i
e ona e
ve y a
e s r o onsiut he rme

wihwhihhei c r '.Peii doe note tbls t tt Cour ofAppeasofVigi a
t c
s haged' ttoner s sa ih ha he
)
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ii
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t a a e o he
at tbls s ha ny a i l re
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e oubtt tPe ii rc pied t diti ecoc i .
ha ttone ons r o srbut
ane
û
t pia i de i a t n a ee ntbewe n t ormor peronsby s m ec
cons r cy s fned s a gr me
t e wo
e s
o
once t
red
a ton t commi a ofens ''Fe g e v.
ci o
t n f e.' i l y Comm onweat 1 Va.
1h, 6
App. 7,
71 722,432 S. 2d
E.

5 0 5 4 ( 9 3 ( u t W rg t Co n at , 2 Va 5 2 5 5 2 7S. 2 71 , 3
2 , 2 1 9 ) q oi
ng ih v. mmo we lh 2 4 . 0 , 0 , 9 E.d 1 7 3
( 982).Pr ofa e ii a e me i no rquie a t Commonweat ma rl o
1 ) oof n xplct gre nt s t e rd, nd he
1h y ey n
cr um sa ilt de et e t bls t co pia y.Stve v.Comm o a1h,1 Va.
ic t nta vi nc o sa ih he ns r c
e ns
nwe t 4
App.

238,241 41 S. 2d881 883( 992)
, 5 E.
,
1 .
Dnme on t sii d t Pe ii ne ha ag ee t s l Da r sfi $500 worh of
r e tte hat tto r d r d o e l me on' rend
t
c i a Peii rwasi t ve c edrve t t m e tng t tc aned $500worh of
ocane, nd ttone
n he hil i n o he e i ha ont i
t
c i Tr 47- 63,80,8
oca ne. . 48,
4.The c i w a pos es e by a t roc upa i t c w ho
oca ne s s s d
no he c nt n he ar

r t t buy l ai wih Pe ii rwhie Pe ii re tr ge t unde co ofi e t
ode o he
oc ton t ttone
l ttone nco la d he
r ver fc r o
buy t c ai 1 49,60. Pe ii ras ur d t ofi e t tt c a ne w e ghtw asa u a e,
he oc ne. d.
ttone s e he tc r ha he oc i
i
cc r t

a Peiine de nde pay ntwhe t ofi rwakeda ywiht c ai L.48 5 65nd tto r ma d me
n he fce l wa t he oc ne. d - 0,
o

A fdealco tma as is t wrtunde t iu e ona ea iaton'clus i t f r lcou tfnds
e r ur y lo s ue he i
r he tnr as bl pplc i ' a e f he ede a r i

t th saec u tç e tte tec re t o ennglg l rn il fo gh S p e ) u t d cso sb t
ha te tt o r (d ni s h or c g v r i e a picpe r m te u rme Co r' e iin u
i i
s
u ea ona y a ist tprnci et t f t oft prs r' c e. l Thi r s blnes sa r i an
nr s bl pple ha i pl o he acs he ione s as ' d. s ea ona e s tnda d s
'

o jcieo e l a 41 .A Vigni c u tsf ig cl b d e du rao a emeeybe a s id e n t
betv n . d. t 0
r i a o r' i n s amot e eme n es n bl rl c u e t o s o
nd
c t e t bls d U nied St t Supr m e Cou tpr o nton a i s i t r ul r ac i notc r r t t t
ie s a i he
t
a es
e
r e ede
n s ue f he es t e hed s
onta y o ha

etbl h dpe e e t Mic el . oaz , 40U. 1 ,1 (0 3 .F rh r r,t )saec ut ata
sa i e rc d n. th lv Es ra 5 S. 2 6 2 0 ) u temoe ia tt-o r fcu l
s
l

dee na i i notunr a onabl me el be us t fder ha sc twoul hav r ac d adifr nt
tnni ton s
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e r y ca e he e al bea our
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o cu in n h i tn tn e' o . ln 5 8 S 2 0
r
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3 Ct 8 , 49 2 0 .
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66.Cons quen l t e de e wass fce t s w Pe ii rsa e m e t diti e
e
ty,he vi nc
ufi int o ho
ttone ' gr e nt o srbut
c i .3
oca ne

Ac di y, g an Res
cor ngl l r t ponde ' m o i t dim isa dim ist peii f awrtof
nts ton o s s nd s s he tton or
i
habe c pus Bas d uponm y fndi t tPe ii rha notm a t r uiie s t nta
as or . e
i ng ha ttone s
de he eq st ubsa i l

s o n o ad nilo ac nsi to a rg ta rq rdb 2 U. C. 2 3c , c ri c t o
h wig f e a f o t u in l ih s e uie y 8 S. j 25 () a e ti ae f
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e

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i Unied St t D it i J
or t
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3Alhoug Pe ii r a t ksDa e on' c e biiy and ac us he ofbei a pr e sona i onna twih a
t
h ttone tac
m r s r di lt
c es r
ng
of s i l nf
n t
c i i hit y,lam notpem itdt r dee net c e biiyoft wine s swhot tfeda til M a s l v.
rm nal sor
r te o e- tnni he r di lt
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Lo b r e, 9U. 4 , 4( 9 3) No tees Da rnh dak o e g d ighe tsi n ta s ha
n ea r45 S. 22 43 1 8 . neh ls, meo a c n wld e urn r etmo y h t he d
wor a apolc i or
ked s
ie nf mantandm a contole pur ha esofdl gso num e ous proroc so .Tr 68 77.
de
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