Crawley v. Mitchell et al
Filing
36
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Chief Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 7/12/2017. (slt)
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Po on uphe d W a den Fl m i sde e m i ton on De e be 23,201
nt
l
r
e ng' t r na i
cm r
5.
Ther s oft cai si c s 7: c 00 a em e ey de i tveofc s 7: - ve t he l m n a e 16-v- 211 r r l rva i
a es 15 c
00647 a 7: 5- vnd 1 c 00648. Pli ifco pl nst tW a de Flm i wasG nf med
a ntf m ai ha
r n e ng
t or
i
be or ha 't tCha an M ic l wa r f sng t puthi on t Pa s rls a di not ng
f e nd' ha
pl i t he l s e u i o
m
he s ove it nd d hi
t i t r e . Pl i t f c pl i t tPo on di notr q r W R SP t alow Pl i t f t or r
o n e v ne a n if om a ns ha nt
d
e uie
o l
a n if o de
Pa s rie s f m a out i ve r m adng Pon on a pa tci nti t Fis Am e
s ove t m w
n s de ndo , l
t
ri pa n he r t
ndm e t
n
vi a i n. N one oft gr e nce i t r c d s
ol to
he i va s n he e or ugge t Fl m i s a Pon on' pe s l
s s e ng' nd
t s r ona
i ve e be or Pas ove e d orRobi on' pe s na i ve e ata tm e.
nvol m nt f e s r nde
ns s r o l nvol m nt ny i
6
I
I.
Dee d n sfldmo in f rs mmayj dg n , r uigt tte aee tte t
fn a t ie to s o u r u me t ag n ha h y r n ild o
quaii i
lfed mmuniy.Qualfedi lt per t Gg nme of il pe f mi dic einay
t
ii mmuriy mis lover nt fcas ror ng sr to r
f n to s. .t b qs ile fo la ii f rcvl n g si o a a t erc nd c d e n t
u cin . (o e h ed d r m iblt o i id ma e ns fr s h i o u t o s o
y
vi ae cea l esa ihed sam or o c tt to lrght ofwhih ar as bl pe s wo d
ol t l ry t bls
t t y r onsiu i na i s
c e ona e r on ul
h v kn wn. Hal w v. tz r l, 57U. 8 0 81 ( 9 2 ; e P i hetv Alo d 9 3F.d
a e o ' ro Fiz e ad 4
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c
3 7 31 ( t Ci.1 9 )( ic s igt er q st lv l fa aysso t rg t.Th Fis
0 , 4 4h r 9 2 ds u sn h e uii e e o n l i f he ih ) e rt
e
Ame e ' Fr eExe c s Clus pr e t prs r fom t ea o bl btr nson asnce eyndm nts e
r ie a e ot c s ione s ' mr s na e lde
r
i rl
h l r l i u e ecs .Se . ..O' n v Esaeo S b z , 8 U. 3 2, 4849(98 )
ed ei o s x r ie e ea, Lo e . tt f ha a z 4 2 S. 4 3 - 1 7 9
g
Tu n rv. aly, 2U. 7 , 9( 9 7 .Th Folte t Ame d n ' Eq l oe to Clu e
r e S fe 48 S. 8 8 1 8 ) e t e n h
r
n me ts ua Pr tcin a s
pr ecsprs r fom i di dic i na i Se e. ,W olfv. c me l 418U. 53
ot t ione s r nvi ous s rmi ton. ee g.
f M Doz l,
S. 9,
5 6( 9 4 ; o s nv Gar z t , 9F.d6 8 6 4( t Ci. 0 )
5 1 7 ) M nio . ra h v 23 3 4 , 5 4h r 2 01.
A pat i e tte t sl r ud me t f h p e dn s t d s ls dmaeil o fl,
ry s n ild o l
mma yj g n i t e la ig ,he ico e tras n ie
a a a fdaviss w t tt r i no g nui diput a t a m aera f c . Fe R.Ci P.
nd ny f
t ho ha he e s
e ne s e s o ny t il a t d.
v.
5 () M aeil a t aet o ene e sr t etbiht eee nso ap ry' c u eo a to
6 a . tra fcs r h s c say o sa ls h lme t f a t s a s f cin.
An es n v Lie t Lo b l .4 7U. 2 2 2 8( 9 6 .A g n n ds u eo mae ilfc
d ro . b ry b v.nc, 7 S. 4 , 4 1 8 ) e uie ip t f tra a t
e ssi,i viwi t r c d a a1r a o bl i e e e dr wnt r fom i alg mos
xit f n e ng he e or nd l e s na e nf r nc s a he er n i ht t
f vor bl t t non- ovi pa t ar as bl f tfnde c d r t r ave ditf t nona a e o he
m ng ry, e ona e acr oul e u n
r c or he
m ovant I
.=
d
111.
Cl i s i ca e 7: 6- v- 11 a
a m n s 1 c 002 boutt Fe s ofTa m a e
he a t
be cl s
Fo aFis Ame e feq e r iec am ,ac tmus decdet t e hol quesi n o
r rt
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our
t i he hr s d
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7
s h meo t n s rlgo s Uni dS ae v. e g r 3 0U. 1 3 1 5( 9 ) Onyapes n l
c e f hig , ei iu . t tts S e e , 8 S. 6 , 8 1 65 . l
e
ro a
pr tc t ti bot snc r l he d a r t i r lgi bei fi pr e t W i c i v.
aci e ha s h i e e y l nd oo ed n e i ous le s ot ced. s onsn
Yo e, 0 U. 20 , 5 1 ( 9 2 .
d r 4 6 S. 5 21 - 6 1 7 )
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ai iff is o sa ih i e ey- d e i ous e o e ve he as
Tabe na e i Se e be 201 The f c ot ri a esw ho a r t J w i h f ihspa tc pa e
r cl s n pt m r 5.
a t he nm t
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ei o . o h t r a d.
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t d i iiu l mi h n ie e id
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s fr
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8
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r lgi s r cewih non- hwit c tm t as t nta bur n t hi pe s lr lgi
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t
Ya ss onsi ed ubsa i l de o s r ona ei ous
pr c ie.M or ve ,Pli tf doe notcai t tdtrngt Fe to Ta r c e hewa
a tc
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l m ha li he as f be na l s
s
pr ve e fom i vi ua pr yera s t orwa c
e nt d r ndi d l a
nd tz
dy
s ompeled et rt wor ort pm i i t i
l ihe o
k o
cpa e n
s hoolorpr n s
c
ogr m .
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n lm antf a l o c i
i e e y- l elgi us d o e ve he as
Ta m a l sa f ist e a nhow notpa tci tng wih i t so o he f ihsdurng t
be c e nd a l o xpli
ri pa i
t nma e f t r a t
i he
holda c tt t d a s t nta bur n t hi f ih.Ac di y, f nda sa ee il dt
i y onsiu e ubsa i l de o s at
cor ngl De e nt r ntte o
q lfe i mi a s mmayj g n f rt ecam a o theFe s o Ta en ce i c s
uai d mmt t nd u r ud me t o h li b u t a t f b r a ls n a e
i
y
7: cv16- 00211.
B. Re ani cam si c e 7:6- vm i ng li n as 1 c 00211agans Flm i Po on,a Robi o
i t e ng, nt nd
ns n
Pl i ifa us sFl mi Po on,a Robi on ofvi ai t Fr eExe c s Clus of
antf cc e e ng, nt nd
ns
oltng he e
rie a e
t Fis Ame m e a Eq lPr t c i Cl us oft Foure nt Am e
he r t
nd nt nd ua o e ton a e he
te h
ndme by no a l ng
nt
t lowi
hi t pa tcpa ei t VDOC' Pa s ro er nc i Aprl201 alhough i a e o o he
m o ri i t n he
S s ove bs va e n
i 5 t
nm t s f t r
J wihf ihspa tci t d.On M a c 1 201 t c ur gr t d t m oton f rs ma y
e s at
ri pa e
r h 4, 7, he o t mle he i o um r
j d me a u te es mecamsa ans d fn a t Flmiga dPo t ni c s 7 1 -v- 0 47
u g nt bo t h s a li g i t ee d ns e n n n o n a e :5 c 0 6
a ag ns de e nt Flm i a Robi on i c e 7: 5- 00648.The c t i t tt
nd ai t f nda s e ng nd
ns n as 1 cvour fnds ha he
g a t fsl r j g n i fvo o Flmi , no a Ro n o i t s c s si e u ly
rn o l
mmay ud me t n a r f e ng Po tn, nd bis n n ho e a e s q al
wa r nt i ca e7: 6- v- 211
r a ed n s 1 c 00 .
The e i no hi i t r c d t s
r s t ng n he e or o ugges t tFlm i Pont orRo ns ha a
t ha e ng, on,
bi on d ny
pe s li ve e a tw he herPl i ifw oul be au horze t pm i pa e i Pa s ve or
r ona nvol m nt bou
t
a ntf
d
t i do
ci t n s o r
t Fe tofTa na e . I f c ,Pli ifsgre nc s r l pl et blm eon Cha an
he as
ber cls n a t antf ' iva es qua e y ac he a
pl i
M ic la no o e s Pli ifspa sngr f r nc st c pli shem a t Fl mi and
t hel nd
ne le. antf
s i e e e e o op a nt
de o e ng
9
Po t naei s fiin t i o ej1 3la ii o t m.S e eg, h r f v I b l 5 6U..
n o r n u fce t o mp s 98 ib ly n he e . ..As c o t . q a, 5 S
t
6 2 6 6( 0 9 .Th s p io a mi srtr ma n tb h l vc ro syla l t e j1 3
6 , 7 2 0 ) e e rs n d nitao s y o e ed ia iu l ib e md r 98
f f ii ofo he prs n sa f s h a t cam e f l e ofCha ai M ichelt r s
or alngs t r i o t f, uc s he li d aiur
pl n t l o e pond t
o
Col s l Ros se al,whih Pl i ifcai c us dhi nott bei l
m eor e' m is
c antf l ms a e m
o ncuded o t 2015
n he
P so e l t I (t e a evia iu l bit i ia p ia et . . 1 8 s is ap an if
a s v r i . d.çBl c us c ro s i l y s n p lc bl o . j 9 3 u t, litf
s
l
a i
m us pl d e h Go r e - scilde e nt t ough t ofk i lsown i vi la tons
t ea ac
ve nm ntof a f nda , hr
he t a '
ndi dua c i ,
ha vi a e t Cons iuto ., . I s Pli ifhasnoa tona ecli a i tFlmi
s ol t d he
tt i n , 3 n um, antf
)
ci bl am gans e ng,
Po t n o Ro is n a dt e aee t ldt q aii di ni a d sl r u g n .
n o , r bn o , n h y r ni e o u lfe mmu t n l
t
y
mmayj d me t
C. Re ani cai i ca e 7: 6- vm i ng l ms n s s 1 c 00211a 7: 5- vnd 1 c 00647 a ns Cha an M ic l
gai t pl i t hel
a
boutPas ove i Aprl201
s rn
i
5
I c s 7: 5- vn a e 1 c 00647,t c t de e Cha ai M ic l' m o i f s
he our had nid pl n thels ton ot umm a y
r
j d me tb c u ef rh rfcu l e lp n wa n c saya trc mp rn P an ifs
u g n e a s u te a t a d veo me t s e e sr fe o ai g litf
al ga i t Cha an M ic lsa fd t Cha a n M ic lhad fl a a fda tsai :
le tons o
pli t hel' fi avi. pli t hel
ied n fi vi t tng,1
I
ke p co esofa lofe rr quessr r ng pa tgpa in i holda obs r nce . 1di not
e pi
1 f nde e t ega di
rii to n i y e va s
d
r c vea r ques f nnsc e i Cr wly pa tci tng i Pa s r201 5 Pl ntf
e ei ny e t o
onc m ng a e ri pa i n s ove
5.' ai if
c e e t the s itd ofe rr que t t Couns l rRos as ngt thebe i l d on
ount r d ha
ubm te f nde e ss o
eo
e ki ha
ncude
t Pas ove ls. Ac or ngt docz e t pr edby Pl ntf o
he s r it c di o lm n s oduc
ai if pposng t m oton f r
i he i o
s mma yj d me t Co n eo Ro ep r re l sn e i t Ch pli M i helsai t a
u r u g n , u s lr s u po tdy e t mql o a an t l ttng h t
s
c
Pl i ifwa e t sgn up f rPas o r
antf nt d o i
o
s ve .
3Furhe , t t exentt tPl ntf' cl m a ns Flm i o Pon o r i on t i r pons t hi afe t r o he t ha ai ifs ai gai t e ng r t n eles her es es o s tr
t -a tgre nc ,i i una ii Pl ntf hasR c tt i rgh t pa tcpaei gre ncepr eedi .'
he fc iva es t s valng. ai if
no onsi onal i t o rii t n iva
m
oc ngs'
Ad msv Iie 4 F.d7 75(t Ci. 99 ) Lie s ,d eeinola ii u d rj1 8 frap io
a .tc , 0 3 2, 4h r 1 4 . k wie th r s ibly n e 9 3 o rsn
t
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a i sr t ' r po et agre nc ora al' Br v.Va. e tofCom , o.6:7c
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3 W D. . a 9 2 0 ) e n s n no st trtefc e a o
a
e a e al a h r o
s
etbl hngj1 8 l bit ' De oav Ra , 7:2 v1 9 2 3WL 4 51 3 , t* ( . Va J l 2 , 1 )
sa i i
s
9 3 i ly. pa l . v No. 1 c 3 , 01
a i '
4 2 6 a 8 W D. .uy 2 20 3
( ag n, J)(ii Bro svBe r,1 7F. p' 9 3 9 5(1 Ci. 0 ).
S r e tM.. ct
ng o k
ad 6 Ap x 2 , 2 3- r20 6)
d
10
Aferc i rng t se de e, heco tc l d t tPl i ifsca m agans
t onsde i hi vi nc t
ur oncude ha antf li
i t
Cha an M ic l n ot edt m o et n ba ea s ri nsgi n t ge ne is off c diput d
pli t hel m mt o r ha r s e to
ve he nui s ue a t s e
by t pa te . The c tct d Pli ifsr que t t beplce ont Pas ove ls asbolt i
he ris
our ie antf' e ss o
a d he s r it
serng
hi cli ofdic i nai n be ndt r l ofme e c l or ac us tons Re r ng
s am
s rmi to yo he eam
r oncus y c a i . ga di
Cha an M ic lsa me t tPl i ifdi nota k t r c vePas ove mea s t c t
pl i t hel' ver nt ha antf d
s o e ei
s r l, he our
f rherc ude t tt diput d que ton ofwhehe Cha an M ic l di ordi no r ceve
u t oncl d ha he s e
si
t r pl i t hel d
d te i
Plitf sr q s i i pp o it f rrs lto o sl r u g n .Th c u t o e lsl
anif e uet s na rprae o e ou in n l
mma yj d me t e o r n td a ty
t th c s wo l p o e dt j r tili Ch panM i helddn t eas p lme tl to
ha te a e u d r c e o u y ra f a li t l i o 5l u p e na moin
c
f rsl r j d me t
o lmma y u g n .
Alho h Cha a n M ichelfl t ts e nt lm o i n a a tc d hi s c
t ug
pli t l ed ha uppl me a to nd ta he s e ond
a fda t t s ond a fda ti lr l unc nged fom hi fr tafi vi. Theo y pe tne
f vi, he ec
fi vi s a ge y ha
r
s s fda t
nl ri nt
a to a et f lowi sa e e s
ddii ns r he o l ng t t m nt :
l Cr wly s ntr ques f r s Iwoul ha a d hi t t ls .... Ido no
f a e e e t om ,
d ve dde m o he it
t
r alr ei ng a e alfom Com s l rRos r ga di Cr wly' r ques f
ec l ec vi n m i r
l eo
e e r ng a e s e t or
Pa s r lno l erha ac es t my 201 e l. Eve i Cot eorRos
s ove .
ong
ve c s o
5 mais
n f ms l
e
e a ld me,VDOC polc woul ha r quie Cr wl y t s nd i a r ue t
m ie
iy
d ve e r d a e o e n eq s
f m t m e whih hedi notdo.... Asa Cha nn,ldo nots r h outwayst
or o , c
d
pl i
ea c
o
de prs r fom t ki pa t i r lgi
ny ione s r
n ng r n ei ous pr n mi
ogr m ng. I di no
d t
i e i l pr ve tCr wl y fo pa tcpai i Pa s r201
ntntonaly e n a e r m rii tng n s ove
6.
Ther co d i no matral dif r ntnow wih t s cond a fdavi a c
e r s t e i ly fe e
t he e
fi t s ompa e t whe
rd o
n
t c u t adtelg l ndf cu l sue we ei r pe f rrs lto o s
he o r si h e a a a ta is s r mp o r o e oui n n umma yj d me t
r ug n
bas o t fr ta fda t Fort r a onsar dy sa e i t c tspro m e o a lm
ed n he is fi vi.
he e s
lea t t d n he our' i r m r nd l
o i ina o d r ad s u eo maeil a tp e ld ss mmayj d me ta t wh t r
p no nd r e , ip t f tra fc rcu e u r u g n s o ehe
Cha an M ic lvi a e t Fis Am e
pl i t hel olt d he r t
ndme ' Fr eExe cieClus a t Foure nt
nts e
r s a e nd he
te h
Ame
ndm e ' Eq Pr t ton Cl us by nota l ge y pr e s ng Pl i if s pur t
nt s ual o ec i
a e
le dl oc s i
a ntf '
pored
a i to t pm ii t i Pa s ri Aprl201 n a or ncewih t c tspro
pplcai n o
cpae n s ove n
i 5.I cc da
t he our' i r
d cso , p anM ic elsn t n ildt q l idi liya ds
e ii n Cha li th l i o e tte o uai e mml t n umma yj d me tf r
f
n
r ug n o
c am sabo Pa s ri Aprl201 Ther m ani cai sa ns Cha an M ic lfom
li
ut s ove n
i
5.
e i ng l m gai t pl i t hel r
c es7: 5- vas
1 c 00647 a 7: 6- vnd 1 c 00211wilbec oldae f tilpurua t Fede a Rul of
l
ons i td or ra
s nt o
rl e
Ci lPr e le42( .
vi oc dtr a)
I .
V
Fo t ef r g igra o ,hec u t e isDee d n s moinsf rs mmayj d me t
r h o e on e s ns t o r d n e fn a t' to o u r u g n
a t t Fis a Fouree h Ame m e cai a i tCha ai M ic l a
s o he rt nd
t nt
nd nt l ms ga ns
pl n t he l boutPas ove i
s rn
Apr l201 butg a t t m otons i a 1o he r pe t . The r m a ni c a m s a i tCha ai
i
5
r n s he
i
n l t r es c s
e i ng l i ga ns
pl n
M ic l a ec olda e f ti li t Bi St neGa Di son.
thel r ons i t d or ra n he g o
p vii
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