Pelletier v. Clarke

Filing 12

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 5/25/2017. (slt)

CLERKB OFFI U.S. DI COURT
CE
SX
AT RG NOKE,
VA
FI
LO

I TRE UN I
N
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT

MA 25 2 1
ï
27

FO R TH E W E STER N ; I
D STRI O F W RGI I
CT
N A

ROAN OV DI SION
W

J
BYU
;

.

D L CL
EY ERK
' CL
I ERK
Y

RU SSELL AD AM PELLETI R,
E
Pettoner
ii
,

)
)
)
)
)
)
)

V.

H ARO LD W .CT ARK E,
R es
pbndent
.

CASE N O .7:
16CV00322
M E M O RAN D U M O PI ION
N
By:H on.M i haelF.U t
c
bansd
l

Unie St t sDiti tJ
t d a e src udge

Rus e lPe lde ,a Vig ni i a e pz eelng pm . ,Sld t speddon % r a wztof
s l le r
z i a nm t oc ri
K e hi
i
.

ha a c m us pu s ntt 28U. C. 2 4 c l n i g t vaiiyofhi c me nton a
be s o , rua o
S. j 25 , hal gn he l t
e
d
s onf me

j g ntby t Lo s Co t Cic i Co t Repo e t fld a modo t ds s
ud me
he uia uny rut ur. s nd n l
e
n o imis
Pelte ' j 2 5 pe i a Pelde ê s e ,ma ig t e matrdpe f r ds sdo
l irs 2 4 dt nd l r epond d kn h te
e
on,
e
o ipo i n.
A fe r vi w of t t or t c tconcudes t Pel rs pedton i tm e ba r d and
tr e e
h: ec d, he our
l
hat lede '
i s i - te

pntil pr dur ly defule t ltng t m odon t dinas t be gr nt d.
- al oce a l a t d, eqlii he
r y
o s is o
a e
1.

Backgê
ound

l 20 1 aLo iaCo yCic tCoztj yc vce Pelde offt o fnssrpe
n 0 , us unt rui lr ut on itd l r ou fe e :a ,
e
c pia m ut dutng t c m i son ofot s eque t t pe us ofa fr t dutng t
a t l der i he om si
ubs nt o a , e
tén m
i he
c m ison ofm ur r a pos e son ofa ft nt by a convit f l
om s i
de , nd
s si
te '
m
c ed e on. On N ove be 4,
m r

2002,t ct tc zts nt nc Pele rt lf f r pe,lf f c pia m lt t t eeyea s
he icui ott e e ed l de o ie or a ie or a t l zde , ht
r
f ilgalus ofa fr a m ,and t ye r f ilga pos es i ofa fr t .Thec r ui c t
or le
e
le r
wo a s or le l s son
tea'
m
ic t our
as de e Pel rs M oéon t Se A sde Pel de a a e : but t Vigi a Courtof
lo nid lede '
o t i . le r ppe l d,
he r ni
Appe l afimed li conviéonsa t Vigi a Supt m e Cout r f e f t zr viw on
a s ft
ls
c
nd he r ni
e
' e us d urhe e e
t

J ne4 2 0
u , 0 4.
1Pel de a ald alofli co c
le r ppe e l ls nvi éonse e f pos es i ofa fr r by a c i t d f l n.
xc pt or s son
tea m
onv c e e o

A fe t t Pelde fld a sat ha aspe
t r ha , le t te
t e be
ddon i t Louia Count Cic tCour,
n he
s
y r ui
t
whih wasdim is d i 2005. Pel de a ae t habe de ta,butt Vigni Supr m e
c
s se n
le r ppe ld he
as ril
he r i a
e
Colr r f ed hi pe ii
zt e us
s tton.

Pel de ne fld a f de a ha a ac
le r xt te
e r l be s don,w hih t ditit c zt dim is d wih
c he s tc olr s s e
t

prjdieil2 07 I 2 08 t Fol t Cic tCo ' ofAp zsd ne Pelde' a a
eu c t 0 . n 0 , he l h rui ut
r
t
pe e id l ts ppel
e
a t Supr m eCour de e c r a i
nd he
e
t nid e dor t.
I 201 Pel iê fl a f oton t Va at Ba e Upon Fr ud on t Cour' i t
n
3, lete ied f i o c e s d
M
a
he
t' n he

Louia Cot t Cic t Cour, r ii t sngl c m : T t i unde a e t t t ti l
s
m y r ui
t asng he i e hi f s
l
nibl ha he ta

pr e orf brca e e de f t cour t r l upon a t ta c i spr t s The
os cut a i t d vi nce ot he
t o ey
nd he t ns rpt ove hi.
c
onvi t
c bnsofAda Pel de we e f
m le t r ounded upon,T r ud on t Cot and t sconduc by
a
he ut'
hi
t

m
hat he
ec ot i
t Pz e utrrndee tej g nt vod' Peleder cbi ed t t pros ut led at
he osc o e rd h ud me s i. l
'
ti l r ga di t a s i of dog ta l e dence ' Louia Count Cic t Cour
ta e t ng he dmi son
t i vi
. Fhe
s
y r ui
t

dir s e t pe
snis d he ddon a untm ey a wihout m e i. Pel irs s equent a a w a
s i l nd t
rt
lete ' ubs
ppe l s
r us by t Vig ni Supt m e Cour and t Unie St e Supr m e Cour de e
ef ed
he r i a
e
q
he
t d at s
e
t nid
c o or r f a s cond tm e i 201
e
a i or e
i n
4.
A lo i 2013,Pelde fld a s cond f z lha s i t dit t c t whih t
s n
le t te
e
ede a bea n he s dc our, c he

c t ds se i 20 4be a et pe nwa s c e sveun t2 U.. j2 4
ou' imis d n 1 c us he ddo s u c si de 8 SC. 2 4.
t
I 2015 Pe
n
, zeder f ed ye a he sa e ha s petdon i t Vig ni Supr m ç
E
t not z t t bea
i
n he r i a
e

Cou t wb c t ec utd s se s s nt und rVa Codej80 - 5 ( ()
r, i h h ot imis d ua po e e .
.1 6 4A)2 .
Pel de t hld a t t f de a ha a i 2015,r ii t e i f e éve as it nce
le r hen e
hid e r l be s n
a sng ht e ne f c
ss a

cli s a a cnm ofpr ec odalm ic
om nd li
os ut
s onduct The c ztdimi s t pe
.
olr s s ed he ddon be a e
c us ,

onc a an, h pe n wa s c e sv u e 28U.. j2 4
e g i t e ddo s u c sie nd r
SC. 2 4.
2

W ihoutr evi a horza
t
ec i ng ut i don fom t Fourh Cic t Cout ofAppe l,Pel r
t
he
t r ui
t
a s lede

fld hs p e e pei f r awrto ha a c u o Jme 1 ,2 1 ,li f u t fde a
t i r s nt t
e
don o
i f be s om s n t 6 0 6 ls o rh e r l
pe M on. Pel iralgest f l ng:
t
lete le he olowi
1. Acm a im oce e: Pel de was hom e whe t vi i , Ai e M e
lt
nc
le r
n he ctm
m e
adows wa
s
lilc;
cl(l
)

Ac a i
m l nnoce e:M iha lTa orst tm ony s d notha be n excude
nc
c e yl ' esi
houl
ve e
l d;

Thept sc tri e onal de eve t jd ,a t lc u e wa i fedv
o e uo ntnd l c i d he u ge nd da o nsl s nefc e
y
frno o jc ngt t p osc t ' flesae nt;
o t be é o he r e uozs as ttme s
Pel rs s a e ent obt i d by Se n Lam b,who wor a wie a t t ques of
leie ' t t m s ane
a
e
r t he e
t

lw e ot m e , we e t r s t of put e ly get
a nf ce nt r he e ul
pos 6zl
dng Pel r drl a
lede lnk nd

o e o rn lswi. Tra c nslwa i fe d frfing t o e tt te
v m weig n l il ou e s nefc ve o al o bjc o h
i l
i
c le éon ofs a e e sf om Pelte a us oft s a e e sa ti ;
' lc
o
t t m nt r
le ir nd e he t t m nt t tal

5. Louiapolc c t ed M ar St nly t wrt a f le sa e e ;
s
ie oe c
k a e o ie a s t t m nt

6 Tra c u e wa i fedvefrno q s nigj r a utan ws pe ntce
. il o nsl s nefc o t uedo n t s bo
uo
e pa r til;
a
nd

The Pr e udon id not pr e e nc t esa ih t c i of cus ody
os ç
es nt dde e o t bls he han
t
r ga di a bl
e r ng
ood dr w whe i i r
a
n t ntoduc D NA e de e. Tra c
ed
vi nc
i l ouns lwas
e
i f dve f noti dga
nefec
or
nves dng t s
hi.

I
I.

Ti em Bar

Pel rs cni sar dm e ba r d. U nde t A nt-e r im Efe
lede ' l m
e
- re
r he
it r ors
f cdve D e h Pe ly
at nat

Ac (
t AEDPA) aoney a pe d o l td f zf d r lh b a c musr nsfom t lt s
,
- e r do f i a on o e e a a e s o
mi
u r he ae t

3

( t dae o wlih t jd me bea f lby t c cuso of
A) he t n lc he u g nt c me ma
he on l in
die r vi w o.t e r don oft dm e f s ki s h z e
r ct e e r he xpia
he
or ee ng uc eviw;

( t dae on wlc t i dme tt fl g a a pl ain ce td by
B) he t
l h he mpe i n o ln n p i to r ae
i
i
c
St t a don i vi adon of t Cons uton or lws of t Unie St t s i
ae c
n ol
he
dt i
a
he
td ae s
t m ove i t à ia wa pt ve ed fom flngby s h St t ac
e
d, f he pplc nt s e nt r
li
uc a e éon;

( t d t on wlih t c dt to l rg t a sre wa i dal
C) he ae
lc he ons u ina ih se td s ni l
y
r ogni d by t Supr m e Cour,i t dght ha bee ne y r ogni ed by
ec ze
he
e
t f he
s n wl ec z
t Supr m e Cour a m a z t oac l a i a e t c e on colat r l
he
e
t nd de e r évey pplc bl o as s
l ea
r vi w ;or
e e

(7 t d t o whih t fc l pr d c t of t c m o cams
1) he ae n c he a ma e iae
he bi r li
pr ent coul ha bee dic r d t oug t e t ieofdueHii e.
es ed
d ve n s ove e hr h he xe cs
lgenc

2 U.. j2 4 d ()
8 SC. 2 4()1.
A ddi ly,a peddone c n ft l't f de alha s sam e of lm ia
donal
r a fol' he e t
bea t t
i t éon i t
n wo

w a :sa t y t lng a e t bl t lng. St at yt lng occ swhe a pe
ys t m or oli nd quia e oli
atzor oli
ut
n
ddone flsa
r te
sat ha s pet
t e bea
don wihi t f de al sa ut of lm ia i pe i
t n he e r t t e
i t ton rod. The f de a ha as
e r l be

s a tt oflm ia
t tze i t don i t n t ld f t dut don oft sa e ha aspr eci 28 U . C.
s he ole or he a
he t t be
oce lng.
S.

j 2 44d() Eq ia etlng o c r ony i ape do r s wsd()t the ha be n
2 ()2 . utbl ol c u s l f d ne ho <1 ha
i
<
s e

pu szn lsr scl e ty a ()t ts e to dnaycrl tnc soo i lswa '
rl g l kht li nl, nd 2 ha ome xta r i r icl a e t d n n y
i i
ig
ms
i
a ptve e H l fl p' Holndv.Fl i ,5 0U. 6 , 49( 1 )(u igPaev.
nd e ntd mey ln ' la
i
orda 6 S. 31 6 20 0 q otn c

Di l l ,5 , S. 8 41 (0 ).
Gu i mo 44 U. 40 , 8 2 05)
e
La ty,t U nied St t Supr m e Cour ha al
sl he t
a es
e
t s lowed f f r lr vi w of untm ey
or ede a e e
i l

a o p oc d t l d fule pe do wh n t pe ne ma e a c l r be cnm of
nd/ r r e u al e a td é ns e he ddo r k s o o a l li
y

a t a i e eund rMc g m v.Pelns 1 S.Ct 1 2 (01 )a S hu v. l
c u l nnoc nc
e ouig
'
rd , 33
. 9 4 2 3 nd c l
Deo,
5 3U. 2 8 ( 9 5 .Ho ve,f ra a t a i c nc pe Yon
1 S. 9 1 9 ) we r o n c u lnno e e t
g o be c e b e s c a c m r q ie peiine t s po thi alg don o
t
q
r dil, u h bi e ur s tto t o up r s le a s f
c dt
ons udona e r wih n w rl l Y f ' whe he i be e ul t y
l r or t e ei e irrab
d
t r t
xc pa or
s i ndf e dence t t - e wines a ount, or c i l physca
c e k vi
, ruswothy ye t s cc
f
s
rdca
i l
e de e t twasnotpr e e a til Be us s h e de e i obvi l
vi nc - ha
es nt d t ta . ca e uc vi nc s
ousy

una i bl i t v s mao iy ofc s s c/msofa ma i noc nc a er rl
val e n he a t j rt a e , li
a
c l n e e r aey
s c s al
uc es f .
4

S hu ,5 3U. a 3 4 (mphai a e )
c l 1 S. t 2 e
ss dd d .
The c r ui cour c c ed Pe lée i 2002,he concuded diec r viw i 2004,hi
ic t
t onvi t
le r n
l
t te e n
s
sat ha s pr ee ng e d i 2006, and li fr t f r l ha as wa dim is d wih
t e bea oc di nde n
ns ts ede a be
s s se
t

prj iei 20 7 Pelde dd no fet prsn a do unt 20 6 Hei no eii efr
eudc n 0 . le r i t i he ee t c n i 1 .
l
l
s t l bl o
g
sat or t lng c i rng li sa e pr e ngs e
t ut y oli onsde i ls t t oc edi
nded a
hnos a de de a a he does
t
ca go, nd

n sdsya ofte e c pdo lcrl tnc sund rj 2 4 d () Fltle,heha no
ot a f ny h x e na icx a e
ms
e 2 4()1' nt t
. 'n
s t
s
hown t the i endted t equia e t lng;he hasnotofe ed a pr t the pt ued
ha
s
l o
t bl oli
f r ny oof ha
ys
hi dght Hii nty ort ta cr sa e pt ve e hi fm ey flng,es c al i lghtof
s
s lge l
ha ny icum t nc e nt d s i l li
pe i ly n i
li pr vi pe
ls e ous ddons
.
Fi ly,Pelde has f ie t pr f r any ne r ibl e de e r ga ci hi ac ua
nal
le r
al d o ofe
w ela e vi nc e rlng s t l
i
nnoc nce I i m a s l- e v ng sa e e s do not f ' t bass of a f
e . ' s ny ef s r i t t m nt
I
ot he
m
i
unda ent l
m a

micrig ofj dc . < pemi s h sl-e vn tsi yt s fc wo d stt ba
sara e us ez d t t uc efsr ig etmon o ufie ul e he r
To
ço 1 w t tv t al e r (c li noc nc jc ma twoud pa st r u h i. Ku nz lv.
s o ha if al vey a ma n e e bi n
n y
l s h o g t' e e
'

Al n,8 0F.S pp.2 1 6 ,1 8 ( D. a 2 09 (uo gHu r v. nc k 3 8F.
l 0
e
u d 1 2 1 1 N. Al. 0 ) q dn bbad Pi ha , 7 3d
3 3 3 0(r Ci. 0 4) Pelde do sno ofe a yac ptbee ie eu rM c ign
3 , 4 3d r 2 0 ). le r e t fr n c e a l vd nc nde oug i
a Sc l ;i ta he ma e c ncus r sae nt s c a :rN o f cf e c ul ha e
nd h u nse d,
k s o l o y ttme s u h s f
g a tmd r o d v
f und h m gu t, tod' t ' Re p. o t eMot t Dimis a 2 ( No.1 ) Atp
o
i t' y pei l ' s s t h
l
'Pe r
. o s s , t ECF
1. ne
poi ,Pelte e n a knowl
nt leiz ve c
edgest t Rhe is s we e known a t l' JZ Alhough
ha t sue t
t Ha.' .
t
Pe lHe c m s tmtli ator y' i f e dve s pr ve e t pt e adon of t a m a
le r bi l as t ne s ne f c nes e nt d he es nt
he c l

2 d e v. lyo , 4 F. u p 1 4 , 1 5( D. . 9 2 ( f aealg do 'o ac n d o a voa o
Ho n t Sa tn 3 3 S p . 1 2 1 4 W. Va 1 7 )A ' r lea n' f o s md n l ild n
b
cn o bet b sso ha a rl f.
n n t he ai f bes ei )
e
5

i ence fe de e 'a til Pe lde does not pt f r s f e f c a s
nnoc
fvi nc ' t ta , le t
ofe ufkint a m l uppor f li
t or ls
a ga
ie dons
.

Spe ikal Pe lte ' a ua i
cf l
y, le irs ct l nnoc nce cnm s Cli s 1 a 2,f lunde Sc u
e
li , nm
nd
ai
r hl
be a e t c nm s do notpr e new r labl e de e a Pel irhad knowldge oft
c us he l i
es nt
ei e vi nc nd lete
e
he

cni sa t Hm e ofti l For Cli 1 Pelte pr um a y kne a ti lwher he ha be
l m t he
ra.
nm , le ir es bl
w t ra
e
d en
on t ni of t m lr r a r pe. Re r e s li s l-e
he ght he zde nd a
ga dl s , 's e fs rdng satm e s ar not new
z
t e nt e

rl bl e ie et rSc lp. Fo Cbi 2 t fd zlha a c u tpzvousytjce
ei e vd nc mde hu
a
z m , he e ea be s o r e i l ee td
Pelde ' a t a i e eclm be a e<-e e l e tsi n fo Ta l g )no ne
l rs cu lnnoc nc li c us T xcud d e t y r m yor i t w
e
f
h
mo
s
e de e ascont m pl t d by Sc u . Pele irv.Robi on,2007 U . D it LEM S 33743,
vi nc
e ae
hl '
' lte
ns
S. s.

a * 5 ( D. . y8 20 7 .
t 3 WT Va Ma , 0 )
Pelée ' ot rcli s do notdiec l t ie a t lim oce e a gum e s butt cout
le rs he nm
r ty a s c ua t
nc r
nt ,
he
t
wila l .he unde Sc u t e ur t t Pele ts cli s a e pr ry dm e ba r
l nayze t m
r hl o ns e ha
lde ' nm r ope l
- r ed.
Pel t r ie Cli 3 on diec a
leée as d om
r t ppea,i hi 2013 Louia Count Cic t Cour ha as
l n s
s
y r ui
t be
pe
déon,gnd i bi fr ta t r f r lha aspe
n s ls nd hid ede a be
ddons The a la e a habeasc t
.
ppelt nd
our s

r jce Pelée' alg tons e Pelde v.
ee td l rs l ai .S e l r Common at 5 2 SE. 3 2 3 0 ( . .
e
e
e
we l 9 . 2d 8 , 9 Va Ct
h,

App.2 0 )rg vd nc ,10t drc a ctumsa da,etbihe ta Pelte a mitd
0 4 f ie e 7 h iet nd ic tn l sa ls s h t l ir d te
q
e
he r ped a kzed d e vi :na a da n r
a
nd
a c
nd e eurne t d e be ch or t doc a t t t
d o a a
he
k nd ha he

vci sbod wa l ae i p o mi t t pontofln wh t t go jtal gbe a ';
it
m' y s octd n t xi t o he i
y
a d e e he d g tin g n.
i
)
Pelde ,No.1 0 1 0 0 a 9 1 ( .Ci.Ct J .3 ,2 1 )(g e i g wih t Vigri
l r
e
30 0 4 - 0, t - 0 Va r . ul 1 0 3 a r en t he t il
a
Co tofAppe l) Peld r 2 07 U..Dit LEM S 3 7 3 a * 6 27 Pelde v.Clr ,
ur
as; l e , 0
e
S s.
34, t 2- ; l r
e
ake
2 6 U. Dit LEXI 51 9 a * ( . Va Apr 1 ,20 6 . Re a dls ,Pelé rs
01 S. s.
S 45 , t 3 W D. . . 8 1 ) g r e s l e '
e

6

alga
le donse l i l c pli a
xcusvey pm an boutti t tm ony;t t or Pel de ha nots
zal es i
he ef e le t s
hown t t
ha

Cbi 3 i ne r la e,a pr vi l undicove a e e de e unde Schl .
m s w, eibl nd e ousy
s t bl vi nc
r
u
Fot Cli 4,t diti tc tpr vi l f
nm
he stc out e ousy ound t t s a e c tsdimi s oft
hat he t t out ' s s al he
c nm was not c t r t f de allw . Pe l ir 2007 U . D it LEM S 337 a *27.
li
onta y o e r a
lete ,
S. s.
43, t
Addi
donal t cnm r ga dsG a t tm ony;t r or ,Pel rsc am doesnotcons tt
ly, he li e r
I esi
he ef e leée ' l i
dtze

ne r l bl e i e c und r S hl . Cli 6 pr tssc unsls fiut t q e d j or
w ei e v d n é e c u
a
sm
o e t o e' al e o u s on ur s
a
boutane pa a ùc ea Cl i 7 cont ndst tt pr ec i f ied t esa ih c i
ws per r l nd om
e
ha he os uton al o tbls han
of c t
usody f D N A e de e. ''e f ct unde l ng t e c m s e s e a we e
ot
vi nc
Th a s
ryi hes bi
xit d, nd r
dic r bl , a t tm e of ti . The ef e t e cnm s do not c an ne r ibl
s ove a e t he i
ral
t or , hes li
ont i
w ela e
e de e unde Sc u .
vi nc
r hl

The ef e none ofPel de ' c nm s a e e us d fom t f r ltm e ba ,and t
r or ,
le zq l i t xc e r
he ede a i - r
he
c tca
our nnotr viF t e m e sofli c m s
e e l
a
dt
ls bi .
1 1. Pr
1
ocedur D ef t
al aul3

TA) f d z lc ut m a no g a a wrt o ha a c m u t a pe ne i sae
T e e a o t y t r nt
E
i f be s o s o
ddo r n tt
c t unls t pe ii r ha ft te used li s a e r m e esby pr s néng li cnm s
usody e s he ttone s ls xha t ls t t e di
ee
zs li

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Fot t r ons sat d, t cout GRAN T S t m odon t dimi s Pel de '
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