Gorbey v. Felps et al

Filing 33

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 3/30/2017. (tvt)

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JLERZ: oFFl u.8. sm cour cE a . ATDM ML VA LEV FIED L I TH E UN I D STATE S D I N TE STR I CO U R T CT FO R TH E W E STER N D I STR I O F V I G I I CT R N A R O A N O K E D I SI N W O MI CHAEL S.GO RBEY, Pl ntf , ai i f MA2 3&r 27 21 . JL . t c uw A v s y: c E UTY CLERK Ci lA c i N o.7: 6- vvi t on 1 c 00551 M EM O M ND U M O PINIO N FELPS,e a . t I, Dee f ndant . s By: H on.Jac on L . i e ks K sr Se orUnie St e Dit itJudge ni t d at s s rc o M ihae S.Go be 1 af de a i a e pr ee ng pr K ,c c l r y , e r l nm t oc di omm e edtlscvi aci n nc li i l to . puruan t Bi nsv.Si Unkno Na s t o ve x wn medAce sofFed.Bur a ofNa co i s 403U . 388, nt eu r tc , S. 3 9( 9 ) b No mb r1 , 01 .Plitf ddn t yt efl f eu o c mme cn t 8 1 71, y ve e 8 2 6 an if i o pa h ii e p n o n ig he ng a tona s htla t pr e i fr pa rspu s n t 28U. 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W Va J l , 0; e . ..Gob y . e . ra f c ho- b c o Fier . Ex o ie. ta.No 5:lc -01 6 si o . t5 l ( D. Va Ma. 4 20l)( J, eb l)(itn 2 c ss plsv s e l . 1 -v0 2 , l p a -0 N. W. . r 1 , 2 M..S ie' lsig 5 a e , p t ta q aiya srk s; e as Coe nv Tolfo ,1 5S. .1 5 ,1 6 ( 5 (odn aStie' imisli h t u l s tie )s e lo lma . les n 3 Ct 7 9 7 3 201 ) h lig ç rk 'ds sa s f s c u tdrg r ls t t tmigo as b e u nt p a) Mc a v. i dS ae, 6 F.d39 ,3 9(t Ci. o ne e ades o he i n f u sq e a pe l; Le n Unt tts 5 6 3 1 9 4h r e 2 09 ( imisl wi o t rj dc frgioo n s s o l n t e e tdfo 2 U. C. 1 1 (). 0 ) ds sas t u p eu ie o v luse s h ud o be x mpe rm 8 S. j 9 5g) h . Th ma itaej d eh sis e arp r, e o n igd n igPlitf la et e g sr t u g a su d e o trc mme dn e yn an if e v o pr ee L f r p u e i.Th ma itaej d ed tr ne ,n e ai, h t anifwa n t oc d q o ma a p rs e g srt u g eemi d itr la t a Plitf s o . u d ra i n n d n e o s ro sp y ia ij r a t etmehefldtec mp an .P an if n e n mmie t a g r f ei u h sc l nu y t h i ie h o lit litf fldamoint s b e aa d amoi nf r ei n r ij n to , ndheh so j ce t te e to o u po n n to o prlmia y nu cin a a b e td o h r po ta r comme ton. 1ha r e e r nd e nda i ve eviwedt r por a r c me to t ta c o he e t nd e om ndai n, he r ns dpt f t h ai sb fr t ma itaej d e a Plitf so j cins Fo t ef l wigra o , he e rng e o e he gsrt u g , nd an if b e to . r h ol n e s ns 1 o o e zeteo j cins a o tterpo t ndr c mme d to , e yPlitf moins a v m l h b e to , d p h e r a e o n ain d n an ifs to , nd d s s t ec mplitwi u p eu ie imis h o an t t rj d c . ho A d src j d emus rviw arpo t n rc mme d to t whc ap ryo j cs a d itit u g t e e e r a d e o n ain o ih a t b e t, n t ed src j d emus p o d isid p n e t e s n n wh n ap ryr ie n w e d n eo a h itit u g t r vie t n e e d n r ao i g e a t as s e vie c r n w a g me ti a o j cin.28U. C. 6 6b ()C) Or in v J h s n 6 7F.d4 , 7 e r u n n n b e to S. j 3 ()1 ( ; p a o . o n o , 8 2 4 4 ( hCi.1 2) Theras ni ne dnotbeea aeorlngt b i mus pr deas cfc 4t r 98 . e o ng e lbort e hy, ut t t ovi pe ii r i l t tpe m is m e ngf la la e r vi w . Se e. ,Unie St t v.Ca t r 5 F. atona e ha r t ani u ppe l t e e ee c. t d a es r e , 64 3d 3 5 3 0(t Ci. 0 ) Ho v r X no r ve i n t e urdwh n o j cinsc n en 2 , 3 4 h r 20 9 . we e , vo e iw s o r q ie e be to o c r l lis sa notf t lis s Se se. ,Opino,687F. a 47.Si lry, novorviw ega sue nd acua sue . e :. a 2d t mial X e e i n t e uie S e ap rymac sg nea o c n l o yo j cinst a d n tdrc tec u t s o r q rd ç n a t l e rl r o cus r be to h t o o ie t h o r wh e t as e i er ri t ema itaej g ' p o sdfndn sa drc mme d to s' 1 .A o p cfc ro n h gsrt ud es r po e i ig n e o n ai n . d ' dsrc c u'i as n trq ie t rv e a yis wh n n pa t ha o j ce S e eg, itit o l s lo o e ur d o e iw n sue e o ry s b e td. e s .. t Th ma v. n 4 4U. 1 0 1 9( 9 5 ; mb v. vi, 1 F.d 1 8 20 (t Ci. 98 ) o s Ar , 7 S. 4 , 4 1 8 ) Cn y Da s 7 8 2 9 , 0 4 h r 1 3 . 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The c t ilneihe i s no e or e a f vi d m s i e vi nc our w l t r s ue r nf c t u p e 'u a c mpa idb t erq ii fe , n tema itae u g ddn t r hbi i b o na' n c o n e y h e u st e s a d h gsrt j d e i o p o i t s e Pli iffom madnghi own a r nge e st s antf r l s ra m nt o ubpoe a doc o .M o e r Pl i ifr f ed na ny t r r ove , antf e us durngt fr the rngt a k Dr A s r t prs docor t tsiy on hi be fon a oun of i he is a i o s . he , he ion t , o e tf s hal cc t Pl n ipsr pea e S apr tc ' c aitf e t d û l aci e' ompl i sagans t tdoc or Al of i ousa ePl i ifs m ant i t ha t . s rvol r antf as e tonst tt t he rngswe e%a ol ey unf i'a Gc s ri ha he wo a i r lbs ut l a r' nd lomplt y ones de ' nd t t28 eel i d'a ha U. C.j1 5()i unc tt i l See e. ,Polncov. S. 91 g s onsiutona. s g. a Hopki ,51 F. 1 1 ( Ci. ns 0 3d 52, 56 2d r 2007 . ) 1a r ewihtema itaej d eslg l ndf cu l e iin f rter a o sds u sd i g e t h g sr t u g ' e a a a ta d cso s o h e s n ic se n t r po ta r co m e ton a not bl ase de edby t he rngta c i s Se he e r nd e m nda i nd, a y, vi nc he a i r ns rpt . e - W i rv. o , 7 F.d68 7 ( t Ci.1 8 )( tn ad src j d emu te rien nmme Co k 7 4 2 , 6 4h r 9 5 noig itit u g s xecs o d ega e a t iy i pe f nni a denovo r vi by consde i t a ualt tmony a not el bl u hort n r o ng e ew i rng he ct esi nd meeyrv e n tema itée srpo t n r c mme d to s.Th p io sarha de r l e iwig h g sr t' e r a d e o n ain ) e rs n' i n lr diti e t s me c tone arofa oxi t l 68de ee e ly a ongprs r 'a srbut d he n ondii d i ppr ma ey gr s qua l m ione s nd sa fsz t f ' oned ar asdurng t hea i s s Pl ntf a l ge t r w asa s lc pl i a o e i he tng ea on. ai if le d he e ii one ug n ne i h by t e i h hol i hi celswi nc hr e nc e n s l' ndow,a heac nd knowl dt tt pl wo d l k whe edge ha he ug ul ea n h ç g lgq't Ev ni o ti eng ti 1w tmp rtr sweea lw a 30d g e s ta e l ged 'i. e f u sd ih t o e eau e r s o s e r e ,h t wi me t mpe aur wastm por r a i i r as d t da i hihsofup t 73 de ee .Eve i hi e rt e e a y s t nc e e o ytme g o gr s n f s wi ndow l ke a ra l a 30 deg ee t ea d i s ow s r s hough a s al pl ed hol d i ni tm e hour f m l ugg e ur ng ghti s or f u c n e ui d y , an iff i t e tbiht th tmpeau ei hi c l s b e tdhm t o z o s c tve a s Plitf al o sa ls ha te e rtr n s el u j ce i o s i m i ntda e ofs i phys c ha' . m ne ng r erous i al l m 3 Ac o dn l Id n Plitf moint s b o n , v mzePlitf so jcins a o t c r igy, e y anifs to o u p e a o e l an if be t , d p o t rpor a r c he e t nd e omme ton, ndde Pli ifsmotonf l vet pr e L f ndai a ny antf i or ea o oc ed q onna n u e i.Co e ue ty, ds s t ec mpan wi u p eu ied t Plitf' f i r t a p rs nsq nl I imis h o lit t t rj d c ue o anifs al e o ho u pa t slng f e a t tmeofslngt c y he i e t he i i he ompli . Se e. , ant e. g.Dupr v.Pam e ?28 F. 1 4, ee l r 4 3d 23 1 3 ( 1h Ci. 0 2 (e s n n t a t efl gf ei d eu o fln acv l cinwh nL 2 7 1 t r 2 0 ) ra o i g h t h ii e s u p n iig ii a to e q n f ma pa rspr sonsdono a yt pli tf andt tt co ti notr quie t pe mi or upe i ovi i t ppl o a n if ha he ur s e rd o r t pl i ifa opporuniy t pa t flng f e a trr ogni ngpli tf i i lgi et pr ee antf n t t o y he i e fe ec zi a n if s ne i bl o oc d L f r p u rs.ld n Plitf' moinf rap ei n r ij n to a mo t q oma a pei) e y an ifs to o r l ay nu cin s o . mi ENTER : s Thi da ofM a c 201 y r h, 7. , . . a ' ' % S ni Unie St t sDititJ e or t d a e src udg

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