Gorbey v. Felps et al
Filing
33
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 3/30/2017. (tvt)
JLERZ: oFFl u.8. sm cour
cE
a
.
ATDM ML VA
LEV
FIED
L
I TH E UN I D STATE S D I
N
TE
STR I CO U R T
CT
FO R TH E W E STER N D I
STR I O F V I G I I
CT
R N A
R O A N O K E D I SI N
W O
MI
CHAEL S.GO RBEY,
Pl ntf ,
ai i f
MA2 3&r 27
21
.
JL . t c
uw
A v
s
y:
c
E UTY CLERK
Ci lA c i N o.7: 6- vvi t on
1 c 00551
M EM O M ND U M O PINIO N
FELPS,e a .
t I,
Dee
f ndant .
s
By:
H on.Jac on L . i e
ks
K sr
Se orUnie St e Dit itJudge
ni
t d at s s rc
o
M ihae S.Go be 1 af de a i a e pr ee ng pr K ,c
c l
r y , e r l nm t oc di
omm e edtlscvi aci n
nc li i l to
.
puruan t Bi nsv.Si Unkno Na
s t o ve
x
wn medAce sofFed.Bur a ofNa co i s 403U . 388,
nt
eu
r tc ,
S.
3 9( 9 ) b No mb r1 , 01 .Plitf ddn t yt efl f eu o c mme cn t
8 1 71, y ve e 8 2 6 an if i o pa h ii e p n o n ig he
ng
a tona s htla t pr e i fr pa rspu s n t 28U. C.j1 5.
ci nd oug e ve o oce d n o ma upei rua t o
S.
91
1pr vi usy dee mi t tPli ifhada l s t eenon- bea cvi a i nsor
e o l tr ned ha antf
t ea t hr
ha s i l cto
a al pr vi l dim is d asfi ous asm ai i ,orf f ii t sae acli be or
ppe s e ousy s s e
rvol ,
lcous or a lng o t t
am f e
flng t sac i n.2 Ia1 o had de e m i t ta s a e e i t c pl i ti plca ed t
ii hi to
s
t r ned ha t t m nt n he om a n m i t he
e e to t t tr esrk sp o ii nf ri n n d n e o as ro p ysc lij r
xc pi n o he h e -tie r v so o mmie t a g r f eius h ia nu y.
Co s q e ty Irf re t ama itaej d epe 2 U. C. 6 6 b ()B)t eq e to o
n e u n l, e erd o gsrt u g r 8 S. j 3 ( )1( h u sin f
wh t rPlitf wa t e i n n d ng ro s ro sph ia ij r a t tmeo fln te
ehe an if s md r mmi e t a e f e iu ysc l nu y t he i f iig h
c pl ntf bei f c t e ebeow fe zi tm pe a ur si hi c l whiewe i onl
om ai or ng or ed o ndur l r e ng e r t e n s e l l arng y
a pa rs r a pa r s r sf f z days
pe hi t nd pe ho t or olr
.
1Pli if' ot rmoni ri M iha Owleahe .
antf s he
ke s c el f t r
2Se Ow leahe - be v. Jc sn, t l No 2:6c -0 51 si o . t4( D. . p. 2 2 6
e
f t rGor v a k o e a. . 1 -v0 5 , l p a E. Va Se t2 , 01 )
,
p
( imisdfrfin t saeacam) Gob vv Th Saeo Vh na e a.No. 1 -v0 6 , lpo . t4( D.
ds se o al g o tt li ; r e . e tt f xii.t l 2:1c -01 4 si p a E.
i
,
Va Ma.1 , 0 1 (imisdfrfiigt saeacam)Gob yv. ie Sae . t 1 No. 08c -01 , l
. r 7 2 1 ) ds se o al o tt li ; r e Untd tts e a. 2: -v0 21 si
n
,
p
o a 34( D. . .uy7 201 )s e ec, r e v F d Bue uo Alo lTo ac . rams&
p. t - N. W Va J l , 0; e . ..Gob y . e . ra f c ho- b c o Fier .
Ex o ie. ta.No 5:lc -01 6 si o . t5 l ( D. Va Ma. 4 20l)( J, eb l)(itn 2 c ss
plsv s e l . 1 -v0 2 , l p a -0 N. W. . r 1 , 2 M..S ie' lsig 5 a e
,
p
t
ta q aiya srk s; e as Coe nv Tolfo ,1 5S. .1 5 ,1 6 ( 5 (odn aStie' imisli
h t u l s tie )s e lo lma . les n 3 Ct 7 9 7 3 201 ) h lig ç rk 'ds sa s
f
s
c u tdrg r ls t t tmigo as b e u nt p a) Mc a v. i dS ae, 6 F.d39 ,3 9(t Ci.
o ne e ades o he i n f u sq e a pe l; Le n Unt tts 5 6 3 1 9 4h r
e
2 09 ( imisl wi o t rj dc frgioo n s s o l n t e e tdfo 2 U. C. 1 1 ().
0 ) ds sas t u p eu ie o v luse s h ud o be x mpe rm 8 S. j 9 5g)
h
.
Th ma itaej d eh sis e arp r, e o n igd n igPlitf la et
e g sr t u g a su d e o trc mme dn e yn an if e v o
pr ee L f r p u e i.Th ma itaej d ed tr ne ,n e ai, h t anifwa n t
oc d q o ma a p rs e g srt u g eemi d itr la t a Plitf s o
.
u d ra i n n d n e o s ro sp y ia ij r a t etmehefldtec mp an .P an if
n e n mmie t a g r f ei u h sc l nu y t h i
ie h o lit litf
fldamoint s b e aa d amoi nf r ei n r ij n to , ndheh so j ce t te
e
to o u po n n
to o prlmia y nu cin a
a b e td o h
r po ta r comme ton. 1ha r e
e r nd e
nda i
ve eviwedt r por a r c me to t ta c o
he e t nd e om ndai n, he r ns dpt f
t h ai sb fr t ma itaej d e a Plitf so j cins Fo t ef l wigra o ,
he e rng e o e he gsrt u g , nd an if b e to . r h ol n e s ns 1
o
o e zeteo j cins a o tterpo t ndr c mme d to , e yPlitf moins a
v m l h b e to , d p h e r a e o n ain d n an ifs to , nd
d s s t ec mplitwi u p eu ie
imis h o an t t rj d c .
ho
A d src j d emus rviw arpo t n rc mme d to t whc ap ryo j cs a d
itit u g
t e e e r a d e o n ain o ih a t b e t, n
t ed src j d emus p o d isid p n e t e s n n wh n ap ryr ie n w e d n eo a
h itit u g
t r vie t n e e d n r ao i g e a t as s e vie c r
n w a g me ti a o j cin.28U. C. 6 6b ()C) Or in v J h s n 6 7F.d4 , 7
e r u n n n b e to
S. j 3 ()1 ( ; p a o . o n o , 8 2 4 4
( hCi.1 2) Theras ni ne dnotbeea aeorlngt b i mus pr deas cfc
4t r 98 .
e o ng e
lbort e hy, ut t t ovi pe ii
r i l t tpe m is m e ngf la la e r vi w . Se e. ,Unie St t v.Ca t r 5 F.
atona e ha r t ani u ppe l t e e
ee c.
t d a es
r e , 64 3d
3 5 3 0(t Ci. 0 ) Ho v r X no r ve i n t e urdwh n o j cinsc n en
2 , 3 4 h r 20 9 . we e , vo e iw s o r q ie e be to o c r
l lis sa notf t lis s Se se. ,Opino,687F. a 47.Si lry, novorviw
ega sue nd acua sue . e :. a
2d t
mial X
e e
i n t e uie S e ap rymac sg nea o c n l o yo j cinst a d n tdrc tec u t
s o r q rd ç n a t l e rl r o cus r be to h t o o ie t h o r
wh
e
t as e i er ri t ema itaej g ' p o sdfndn sa drc mme d to s' 1 .A
o p cfc ro n h gsrt ud es r po e i ig n e o n ai n . d
'
dsrc c u'i as n trq ie t rv e a yis wh n n pa t ha o j ce S e eg,
itit o l s lo o e ur d o e iw n sue e o ry s b e td. e s ..
t
Th ma v. n 4 4U. 1 0 1 9( 9 5 ; mb v. vi, 1 F.d 1 8 20 (t Ci. 98 )
o s Ar , 7 S. 4 , 4 1 8 ) Cn y Da s 7 8 2 9 , 0 4 h r 1 3 .
Plitf o j csf rsv r l e s n , o o wh c aec n icn .Plitf ag me t
anif b e t o e e a r a o s n ne f ih r o vn ig an ifs r u n
ta t ma itaej d e sç is'e u rsh rrc a a dane he rn wi a t e ma itae
h t he g sr t u g ' t a 'rq ie e e us l n
b
w a ig t noh r gsrt
h
j d ei ba ee sa dfi oo s u l fio o si Plitf' o j cin, n r ltdmoint
u g s s ls n rv lu .Eq al rk l u s an ifs b e to a d eae to o
y
s poe t r qui e a doc ort t s iy on Pl ntf ' be l . Pl ntf a it d durng t fr t
ub na, o e r
t o e tf
ai if s ha f ai i f dm t e
i he i s
he rng t thedi no ha t f ndst pa f rava i s
a i ha
d t ve he u
o y,o
ld ubpoe ,a hi ofe t fl a docors
na nd s f r o ie
t '
a ûda tw oul notbe ad i s bl e de e. The c t ilneihe i s no e or e a
f vi
d
m s i e vi nc
our w l t r s ue r nf c
t u p e 'u a c mpa idb t erq ii fe , n tema itae u g ddn t r hbi
i b o na' n c o n e y h e u st e s a d h gsrt j d e i o p o i t
s
e
Pli iffom madnghi own a r nge e st s
antf r
l
s
ra m nt o ubpoe a doc o .M o e r Pl i ifr f ed
na ny t r
r ove , antf e us
durngt fr the rngt a k Dr A s r t prs docor t tsiy on hi be fon a oun of
i he is a i o s . he , he ion t , o e tf
s hal
cc t
Pl n ipsr pea e S apr tc ' c
aitf e t d û l aci e' ompl i sagans t tdoc or Al of i ousa ePl i ifs
m
ant
i t ha
t . s rvol
r antf
as e tonst tt t he rngswe e%a ol ey unf i'a Gc
s ri ha he wo a i
r lbs ut l
a r' nd lomplt y ones de ' nd t t28
eel
i d'a ha
U. C.j1 5()i unc tt i l See e. ,Polncov.
S.
91 g s onsiutona. s g. a
Hopki ,51 F. 1 1 ( Ci.
ns 0 3d 52, 56 2d r
2007 .
)
1a r ewihtema itaej d eslg l ndf cu l e iin f rter a o sds u sd i
g e t h g sr t u g ' e a a a ta d cso s o h e s n ic se n
t r po ta r co m e ton a not bl ase de edby t he rngta c i s Se
he e r nd e m nda i nd, a y, vi nc
he a i r ns rpt . e
-
W i rv. o , 7 F.d68 7 ( t Ci.1 8 )( tn ad src j d emu te rien nmme Co k 7 4 2 , 6 4h r 9 5 noig itit u g s xecs o
d ega e a t iy i pe f nni a denovo r vi by consde i t a ualt tmony a not
el bl u hort n r o ng
e ew
i rng he ct esi
nd
meeyrv e n tema itée srpo t n r c mme d to s.Th p io sarha de
r l e iwig h g sr t' e r a d e o n ain ) e rs n' i n lr
diti e t s me c tone arofa oxi t l 68de ee e ly a ongprs r 'a
srbut d he n
ondii d i
ppr ma ey
gr s qua l m
ione s nd
sa fsz
t f ' oned ar asdurng t hea i s s Pl ntf a l ge t r w asa s lc pl i a o
e
i he tng ea on. ai if le d he e
ii one ug n ne
i h by t e i h hol i hi celswi
nc
hr e nc
e n s l' ndow,a heac
nd
knowl dt tt pl wo d l k whe
edge ha he ug ul ea
n
h ç g lgq't Ev ni o ti eng ti 1w tmp rtr sweea lw a 30d g e s ta
e l ged 'i. e f u sd ih t o e eau e r s o s e r e ,h t
wi
me
t mpe aur wastm por r a i i r as d t da i hihsofup t 73 de ee .Eve i hi
e rt e
e
a y s t nc e e o ytme g
o
gr s
n f s
wi
ndow l ke a ra l a 30 deg ee t
ea d i s ow s
r s hough a s al pl ed hol d i ni tm e hour f
m l ugg
e ur ng ghti
s or
f u c n e ui d y , an iff i t e tbiht th tmpeau ei hi c l s b e tdhm t
o z o s c tve a s Plitf al o sa ls ha te e rtr n s el u j ce i o
s
i m i ntda e ofs i phys c ha' .
m ne
ng r erous
i al l
m
3
Ac o dn l Id n Plitf moint s b o n , v mzePlitf so jcins a o t
c r igy, e y anifs to o u p e a o e l an if be t , d p
o
t rpor a r c
he e t nd e omme ton, ndde Pli ifsmotonf l vet pr e L f
ndai a
ny antf
i or ea o oc ed q onna
n u e i.Co e ue ty, ds s t ec mpan wi u p eu ied t Plitf' f i r t
a p rs nsq nl I imis h o lit t t rj d c ue o anifs al e o
ho
u
pa t slng f e a t tmeofslngt c
y he i e t he i
i he ompli . Se e. ,
ant e. g.Dupr v.Pam e ?28 F. 1 4,
ee
l r 4 3d 23
1 3 ( 1h Ci. 0 2 (e s n n t a t efl gf ei d eu o fln acv l cinwh nL
2 7 1 t r 2 0 ) ra o i g h t h ii e s u p n iig ii a to e q
n
f ma pa rspr sonsdono a yt pli tf andt tt co ti notr quie t pe mi
or
upe i ovi i
t ppl o a n if
ha he ur s
e rd o r t
pl i ifa opporuniy t pa t flng f e a trr ogni ngpli tf i i lgi et pr ee
antf n
t t o y he i e fe ec zi a n if s ne i bl o oc d
L f r p u rs.ld n Plitf' moinf rap ei n r ij n to a mo t
q oma a pei) e y an ifs to o r l ay nu cin s o .
mi
ENTER : s
Thi
da ofM a c 201
y
r h, 7.
,
.
.
a
'
'
%
S ni Unie St t sDititJ e
or t d a e src udg
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?