Reynolds v. Parole Board Members et al

Filing 47

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 2/19/2019. (slt)

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M EM OR ANDUM OPI ON
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STATE OF VI NI e al,
RGI A, t .
D ef
endant
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By:H on. lso L.K i er
Jac t n
s
Se o Unie St e Dit i tJudge
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r e nd ri
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u e t e6 hAme d n . ( mpl8 E No 1 .
nd r h t
n me t' Co . ECF . 1)
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2
2. Tf e Paoe Bo r i i vilto o my 6h Ame d n gih s b ha n ab a gd
f' r l ad s n oain f
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Pa ol Boa d.By ha ng ar pr s nttveofac i evitm al ape s n i t fe dof1w
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rm c i rd r o n he l
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e or e e s r ng on t Pa o eBoa di a c tt i na vi a i ' I
nf c m nt e vi
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1Iom i i er cia i ,aler tons and quotton m ar t oughoutt s opi on,unl s ot rwie
t nt nal t tons t a i ,
ai
ks hr
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noe Se Unie Stt sv. as l,8 2F.d21 21 n. ( hCi. 7)
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2w he r e rngt t com pl nt 1us t page numberoft documentaslsed on ECF.
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M amll a db h vigab a ld pa l fPao eBo r me r t taerp e e vtv
t al n y a n ise q ne o r l a d mbes ha r e r sn i e
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rm o her ea o ng nd t r nai n t o a
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6. Gl e Paoe Bo r i i vo ain o my 6h Ame d n gih s whe te u e
ç- r l ad s n ilto f
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uns tntalort r hfl r a oni t tln tlsPl n ifdo f pa o e. I
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7. inse d o u i g f cst Vign aPaoe Bo r i i vilto o ti Pliifls 6h
G ta f sn a t he r ii r l ad s n o ain f h s antt') t
l
Ame d n rg t b u ig t i o i o i ma i Eh )d cso no t g a tp r l.
n me t ih s y sn her pnin n kng t e e iin t o rn ao e'
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M ot t A m e 1,
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nd ECF N o.1
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. t' r l ad s iltd hi ani ls t n 4h
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Unie St t Consiuton whe t ym e i s c e orbe nd cos d door t de e mi no
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e
( af rlt - roft Vigi apaol s tm untli flowst nzei Ale y. td
3) edea akeove he r ni r e yse
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paoes se ()r si to f ra1 n tsd ne paoef rt er a o o ç u r n ofns ' ()
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ng

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M e r t a ae i c mp in ewih t Sxh Ame d n ;a d ( )i d ae r la e o te
mbes h t r n o la c t he it
n me t n 8 mme it ee s f h

Plitf wihr si in.( mpl l ; o .oAme 2E No. 2 .
anif t etmto Co . 9 M tt
nd ECF 1 ))
Dee d n sflda1 b ()moint d s s a dPlitf rs o d d ma i t smatr
fn a t e 2()6 to o imis n anif e p n e , kng hi te
rpef rd s ii Afe r viwi t r co d, wilg a D e e nt 'm o i n t dimis.
i o iposton. tr e e ng he e r l l r nt f nda s to o s s
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St
andar ofR e e
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A. 1 b ( )M o i nt Dimis
2( )6 to o s s
De e nt a guet tt c
f nda s r ha he ompl i f ist saeac am upon whih r le ma begr nt d
ant al o tt l i
c ei f y
a e

p zs a tt Fe e a Ru eo Cii P o e me1 b ()
t u n o d r l l f v l r c d 2()6 .
r
A c
ompl i nee onl c nt i ç s t pli sa e e oft cli s wi t tt
ant d y o an ; hor, an tt m nt he a m ho ng ha he
a

p e d ri e tte t rle . d R. v. 8 a( ) W he e au tn aRul 1 b ()moi nt
la e s n ild o eif' . Ci P. ()2 . n v lai g
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e 2()6 to o
dim isf f iur t sae a c am ,a c tmus ac e astu al welplade al ga i . Se
s s or al e o tt l i
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Vio SA. Prmeo e S ipnc Co, 8F.d 5 7 5 9 (t Ci. 3 ;s e as Erc o v.
t l . v. i r s hp i
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ntte nt o elef eq r s
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he

ee n so ac us o a to wi no d . Bel lCo . . mby 5 0U. 5 4 5 5( 0 )
lme t f a e f cin l t o' lAt. p v Two l, 5 S. 4 , 5 20 7 .
l
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St t dif r n l t slvi a moton t dimi s &a c pli m us co a n s tcintf c a
aed fe e ty, o tr ve
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m a tr a ce e a tu t sa ea c am t r left ti pl usbl on isf e. As of v.I l
te , c ptd s r e, o t t l i o ei ha s a i e t ac ' hcr t cba ,
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5 6U. 6 2 6 ( 0 9 .
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ur
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Aso s Lt P'hp, 3F.d 1 5 1 0( t Ci. 0 0 .C cu lalg to smu tb e ug t
s c . d. s i 21 3 7 , 8 4h r 2 0 ) Ta t a le ai n s e no h o
r iea rghtt r le a vet s c a i lve,' m bl 550 U. a 555,wih a1al tons
as i o ei f bo he pe ultve e l'Two y,
S. t
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it c
n he ompli tke a tuea a1r a o bl i e e e dr wn i t pl ntf' f vor Chao v.
ant a n s r nd l e s na e nf r nc s a n he ai if s a ,

Rie d l W o d .l . 41 F.d 3 2 3 6 (t Ci.20 5 . Rue 1 b () d e G o r q r
v n el o s nc, 5 3 4 , 4 4h r 0 ) l 2( )6 o s i t e uie
n
he g e df c pl di ofs cfc , o ye ug f c st sa eacli t r le t ti plusbl
i ht ne a t ea ng pe ii s but nl no h a t o tt
am o e if ha s a i e
o isf e. Two bl 550 U. a 5
n t ac '
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m y,
S. t 70. M adng t plusbiiy de e m i ton i :a c e l
he a i lt t r na i s d ont xt

s e k ts t tr q ie t e rv e n c u tt d a o isj iile p re c a c mmo
p dt ak ha e ur s h e iwig o r o rw n t udca x ein e nd o n
s ns ' I l 556 U . a 679.
e e. qba ,
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S. t

B.Pr S Pla i s
o
e d ng
Thepl i ifi pr e di pr # a t , ntte t albe a c t c i oft pla ng.
antf s oc e ng o q nd,hus e il d o i r l onsnlton he e di
..

Se e. ,Erc o 551U . a 90es g. i ks n,
S. t 95.Howe r t i i esr quii ge r co t ci of
ve , d ncpl e rng ne ous nsnzton
pr
pr > c pli t a eno ... t lmis' Bea t v.Civ ofHn pt 775 F. 1
o . om a n s r t wihout i t.' ude t
.
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m on,
2d 274,1
278

( t Ci. 9 5 .Th Fo rhCic iha e p an dt a Gho hp o# ltg n sc nn to c t s ,
4h r 1 8 ) e u t r ut s x lie h t G ug r . ii a t n o, f ol e
t
q
r
bee c e t fa el lis swih t ca iyandpr ii i lye de i t wo k oft e
xpe t d o r m ega s ue t he lrt
ecson deal vi nt n he r
hos

tan di lw, ete c n d src c u t b rq ie t c nu eu a d cd is e n v rfil
rie n a n ih r a itit o rs e e ur d o o j r p nd e ie s u s e e ary
pr s nt d t t m .'I a 1
e e e o he ' d. t 276; e K a de o v. nke s e n, o. Ci 9440, 0 W L 3359473,
s e l r n Fi l t i N 08 v
201

a *1n. ( . N. Aug 2 ,2 0 (p an ifsc mpan b ln st t e e eytig b tt t
1 SD. Y. . 4 01 ) ç litf o lit eo g o h v r hn - u l
he
l c n snk s hooloft
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' s- ompl i i exte ey difc tt f l be us ofis
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ant s r m l fiul o olow ca e t
e r m e lngt a pu po t f t l dea l The f t al ga i a e ofe r peii ,
xte
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acual le tons r tn e ttve

i c n itn , n c hr d ce b d cl n srfr n e i t ec mp an .
n o sse t a d o ta itd y o l t ee e c d n h o lit'
me
).
C.42U. C.j1983
S.
GTO saeacai unde j1 3,apli ifmus alget vi ai ofarghts c e by
C tt l m
r 98
antf t le he olton
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t Cons iuton a l w s of t U nied St t s a m us s
he
tt i nd a
he t
a e , nd
t how t t t a l ge de i t o w a
ha he le d prva i n s

c mmitdb apes n a tn t e c lro saelw. W etv. kis 4 7U. 4 , ( 98 )
o te y ro cig md r o o f tt a ' s At n , 8 S. 2 48 1 8 .
'
Notbl a pl i ifm us s tce l al ge a de e ntspe s na a to o ison l a ng t a
a y, antf
t ufi i nty le
f nda ' r o l c r m s i e di o

4

de
pdvai n ofaf r lrg . Se Fihe v.W as M e r Ar a Tr i Aut . 690 F. 11
to
ede a i ht e s r
h. to. e anst hor,
2d 33,

1 4 - 3(t Ci. 98 ) a r z tdo oh rR o n sb Ct . fRie sd v. c u hi 5 0U.
1 2 4 4h r 1 2 , b o ae n t e r u d y y o v ri e M La g l 0 S.
n,
4 ( 9 ) Ne lg n d p i to aen ta to a l u d rj1 8 .Se p ..Da il v. iln ,
4 1 91. gi e t e rvains r o cin b e n e 9 3 e eg, nes W l ms
i
4 4U. 3 , 3 ( 9 6 ; n v. se , 2F.d7 , 7( t Ci.1 9 )
7 S. 27 3 0 1 8 ) Pik Le tr 5 3 3 7 4h r 9 5 .
D.Qualfe I
iid mmuniy
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t ot c s
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dn a s i of r a t i c
m ge ns a s her onduc doe notvi l t c e zy e t bls d sa ut y orconsi i l
t s
o a e l a l sa ihe tt or
tmtona
rght ofwhi h ar as bl pe s woul ha 110 1'7Pe r onv.Cal ha 555 U. 223,231
i s
c e ona e r on
d ve 11 m .' a s
la n,
S.

( 0 9 (uoig Halw v. t ead, 5 U. 8 0 81 ( 9 2 ) W h n ad fn a ta srste
2 0 ) q tn ro Fi rl 4 7 S. 0 , 8 1 8 ). e ee d n se t h
m
afima i de e e of qualfed i muniy,t c tmus de e mi E t r t f t t ta
fr tve f ns
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t he our
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whe

p an ifh salg d . . k o tavo ain o ac n ttto a rg t,'a d( eh rt rg t t
litf a le e . ma e u ilto f o si in l ih g ' n G t e he ih a
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l
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is ewa çlal e tb ih d'a t etmeo d fnd n ' alg dmic n uc. 1 . t2 2 (iig
su s ce ry sa ls e t h i f ee a ts le e s o d t' d a 3 ctn
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S u ir v.Kaz 5 3 U. 1 4,20 ( 0 ). l d tr nig whehe t e lw wa ce ry
a ce
t, 3 S. 9
1 20 1) n eemi n
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sa ls d t o r s dnai e d o o k y n h e iins f he u rme u t t e
o
y
Fo rh Cic tCo r o Ap e lj al t l g s c u to t e sae i whc t c s ao e'
u t rui u t f p as, r he l he t o r f h tt n ih he a e r s .
d
i
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Lee n v W ie n 6 2 F.d2 2 29 ( t Ci. 1 ) v c tdo o h rg omd , 6 U. 1
fmie . d ma , 7 3 9 , 8 4h r 20 2 , a ae n t e r t s 5 8 S.
( 01 ) Th o si o ad fnd n a s rig q ai di miyt a tal pu f rh a to iis
2 2 . e nu s n ee a t s et u lfe mmt t o cu ly t o t uh rte
n
a a gu nts wi t thei e il t i.M e r v.Bat Ct sM d.71 F. 723,731( h
nd r me ho ng ha s ntted o t ves
l. v. , 3 3d
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Ci. 3 .
r 201 )
1
11.

Parol i V i ni
e n rgi a

Va Co ej5 1 1 6o l ae t eVigraPao eBo r Cû eBo r ' t Cad p, u j c
. d 3.- 3 bi ts h r ii r l a d t
g
l
h a d' o ç l o ts be t
l l
t a ova by t Gove nor ge r l r l gove i t g a i of pa ol a e i biiy
o ppr l
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r , ne a ues
nzng he r ntng
r e nd lgi lt

r quieme s wli h s l be publs d a pose f publc r viw . Se to 5 1 1 a s
e r nt , lc hal
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5

r q ie t eBo r t rl a eeii epes n whoç r f u s ia efrpaoe a c r igt t k)
t ur s h ad o ee s lgbl ro s
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rv e o a yr lva t s-e tn gi o main. Va Co ej5 1 1 6 2 .Sf a oei d ne ,
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l
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he i or he ni l halbe n ii nd hal ve pe ik e s
or ni l o uc nm t '
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Va Co ej5 1 1 6 7 .Gf eVign aCo ee r sst a miitaino teds rto aypaoe
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rs nsbite . Bunet v Fa e 6 7F.d 1 ,1 5(t Ci. 01 )
epo i l is' r te . h f, 8 3 71 7 4 h r 2 2 .
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I
V.

Si h A m e
xt
ndm e and Parol
nt
e

Pli ifa g si s ve a cli st tt de e nt vi a e hi Si h Ame e rg s
antf r ue n e r l am ha he f nda s olt d s xt
ndm nt i ht
r ga di hi pa ol pr e ngs Pli ifba e t cai upon t ne r l ofco tmtona
e r ng s r e oce di . antf s s he l ms
he w u e
nsi i l

lw n n t e i Al y v. ie S ae , 7 U. 9 ( 01 ) Hea s rst a Ale n a pl d
a n omc d n l ne Untd tts 5 0 S. 9 2 3 .
e
se t h t ly e p i
e
t Si h Am e
he xt
ndme t pa ol pr e ngsby r quii Ca hi t ti r as t m i m lm
nt o r e oce di
e rng çnyt ng ha nc e es he ni l

s ne e(ob )p e e tdi fo to t j r . ( mp .1 . Hefrh rc n e d t tç-qr l
e tnc t e rs n e n ' n f he u y' Co l 0) u te o tn s ha tp ao e
r
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g
i afx dt tec i az s n e cng'a d Gwq e t Pao eBo r r fr b c t ap ro s
s fie o h rme l e tn i , n ,t h n he r l ad ee s a k o e s n'
d
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l
c i e t y a e i vi a i n oft 6 h Am e e a t t r i i Ale ' I a 1 11
rm he r n ol to
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ndm nt s o he ulng n l vne.' d. t 0- .

Hi a gume s a e una ii The Si h Ame m e t t Unied St t s Co tmton
s r
nt r
va lng.
xt
nd nt o he t
a e nsi i
st es:
at

I a1ci nalpr e utons t a c e s l e j y t rg t a
n 1 rmi
os c i , he c us d hal n o he iht o
s e y a dpu lctil b a i ril u y ...o b i o me o
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t natr a ca e oft ac us ton;t be c r e wih t
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t s s n s a , rd o ve he s s a
el or s
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t
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s ii
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e l i l a y i Gc i i l pr e utons.' Kib v.Il s 406 U. 682,690 ( 972)
xc us ve y ppl n t rm na os c i ' r y
li ,
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mme c me t f rmia r s c to c u s po t e ntain f d ray u iil
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it
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r e c us s ol s t r of rm na os c i '
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4 0 ( 9 2 ( tng t a p r l t s s atr t e e o te ci n lp o e u in i ldng
8 1 7 ) noi h t ao e i e fe h nd f h rmia r s ç to , ncu i
ri
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l
gr ntt m o i t dim isa t t Si h Am e
a he ton o s s s o he xt
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pr es oft 1w be or de i ng a pe s oflf ,lbe t orpr ry. U. Cons.Ame
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