Wilcox v. Lyons et al

Filing 32

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Chief Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 4/25/2018. (ck)

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CL S OFFI U,S. SX COURT ERK' CE DI AT ROANOKE, VA FI LED I TH E UN I N TED STAT ES D ISTRI CO U RT CT FO R TH E W E STE RN D I RI OF W R GI M ST CT N ROAN O U D I SI N W O AFR 2 5 1 8 JUL c BY; , cj Ex , , , - - . RK CO LETTE M .W I LCOX , Pl ntfy ai if Cas N o.7: 7- 000530 e 1 cv- N ATI AN H . I LYON S, Q .p pky ES ,. l By:M i ha l Ur nsd c e F. ba l Cli fUnie St t sDit t udge le t d a e sdc J D ef endant s. > M O M N D U M O PI I N N O Pli fCoet M . i o f dt se o me a éo p s a t 4 U.. j anéf lte W l x ie hi mply nt c n uru nt o 2 SC. c 1983,al i vi a l ng oldonsofhe Equa Pt e éon rght unde t Foutee h Am endm e t eg z l ot c i s t he t nt nt o t Unied St e Consiudon.D ef nda sm ove t din isW icox' c m s The c t he t at s tt e nt d o s as l s bi . our hed ahe rngon defnda s moéonst dimisonM ach22,2018. f l ng da i l ai e nt' o s s t The olowi y,t e e e a o d rdimisn wih p eudc Wic x' c/msa nn tCa r l u ya wela ntr d n r e s sig t r j ie lo s li g i s rolCo nt s l s he h lewoke vt me csm ( un 11 a ans d fnda t Naha H. o , q. r os r n ion nt li Co t 1) g i t ee ns t n Ly ns Es a PhlpC. tee Es Th c ur ds se Wic ' sxdsrmi to ( ntI, nd ii Sel, q. e o t imisd loxs e ici nain Cou ) l ztl éo ( untI)a d prvainofl ryi eet( nt1 cnmswih utp eucc eai n Co I nd e i to i t ntr s Cou / li to zj l e a be i a g vehe la t a nd Thesaelw b te ycnm a is de e a S e l ( u V) nd a r e ve o me . tt a atr ll gan t f nd nt t ee Co nt savi d t m odon t dinas . t ve he o s is W icox now m ovest am e he com pli a f r onsde adon oft cout ' l o nd r ant nd oz ec i t he ts ot rasr ga dsCountI ,a lg ng r t la de e t 1 le i e aidon.Shes eksl a t a end he c e e ve o m r ompl ntt ai o a s r adci s e t ldona algatonss l le i uppor he c lm f de i i oflbe t i e es, ch t dng r l i or prvaton i ry nt z t whi he c r ata ykz ntdi isMa c 2 o d t t r a s r h zbatr cnm, nd t r a s r he ou t le d a e n t r h 3 r e , o e se t e te y li a o e set r z t la e aidon cnm wihq a e ng t r lva f tzlalgatons The pr li t ut m ndi he e e nt acaa le i . opos d am e e nded com pli doe noti l a com f s x dic i i ton. ant s ncude li or e s rm na i Asr gar t r t la e ds he e ai don c m , icox as t c tt r onsde isM a c 23 bi W l ks he our o ec i r t z h txi a gui s hasalged acnm f r lefs fc e t s vi acha lngeput ua t nlng, t ng he le li or ei ufii nt o ut ve le s nt o Rul 1 $()o teFe rl e ofCiiPr c d e Wic post ti he bu d no e 2q 6 f h dea Ruls vl o e ut. lox is h t r r e f esabls ng aptm af i c e ofr t ladon a t ssa i notone ous a he ale don of t ihi i ace as e ai t hi t ge s r , nd r lga t por lpr m iy aone i e em a ovi t l s nough t esabls aca a conne i bet n t pr e t o t ih uà l cton wee he ot c ed a t a t a z ee pl enta céviy nd he dve s m oym céon a t r or s a eava i c nm f z t ia nd he ef e t t ld l i oz e aidon. The cour dia re sa a s h, l GR AN T i pa ta D EN Y i par W icox' m oéon t s g e nd, s uc wil n r nd n t l s t a e a D EN Y he m odon f r c i t don. o m nd nd r ot e oqsde a 1. Purua t Rue5 $,hec u tla t epo e t zc nsd ta modf is s nt o l 49 t o z as h w t o e o ie nd iy t i e l ut y or t t tt s ve f we t al c m sf ta tm e bef e t e t ofa nt roc or de s ha e ol e t han l bi f ny i a or he nty j g nta j iaigalh c msa alt pade'ihta la ite . Fe R. v. ud me dudc tn lte bi nd l he r s rg nd iblis' d. Ci P. i ' 5 $9 Ca eAs' v. 4q Am. no sn M hr r I c, 2 F.d5 5 5 4 1 (t Ci. 0 3. Fams n .3 6 3 0 , 1 - 5 4h t2 0 ) Ac o cngy Tg o c rl l,f donsf rr c i z do of n e lc t yo d r a eno s jc t t e i ml o e onsdea n i tro u or r e s t t ub e t o h sdc sa ad a ia et mo sf zrc nsd réono af lud me . Am. no t t tnd r s ppl bl o don o e o iea c f ma j g nt' ' Ca e As' 3 6F.da 5 4 Atpantf' rq s,h c t wi rve ispto tl i l to sn, 2 3 t 1 . li ifs e uttte ou t l e iw t ir' i n kh f l u ng t a gum e s z ies he r nt he as . I 1. Pl i fpr s est the m tla i c lm al i ad r eac anéf e um ha r a iton l i legng ve s don on a ountofhe cc r c mpli ofdsrmi to i a to bl und tj1 8 a avoléonoft Eq l otc n o ant ici nain s cina e e 9 3 s i a he ua Pt e éo Clus oft Foutee h Am endm e - butt tf c i f tfom c t an.W hie t Fourh a e he t nt nt ha a t s a r e ti l he t Cic tnHode v. t o Raeg 8 7F.d8 3, 2 (t Ci. 9 9, edsaee ly e tuii l r Ciy f lih, 6 2 2 8 8 4h r 1 8 ) h l tt mpo e s c l b i gFo te hAme me c aln e u e j1 8 t ds rmi t z e l y nt oud rn ure nt nd nt h l g s nd r 9 3 o ic i nao y mp o me e decsons r t rt r li e l i l on Til V I ,H ol rdoesnots k s c fc ly t ii , a he han ey ng xcusvey te I de pea pe ii al o r a idon cnm s Te yeuslt r t Fourh Cic ta es ed r t la etla li . n a e , he t r ui ddt s e aiéon cnm si t li n he c n e tofj1 8 a sae Ed r v. ofGo ds r t ta2 zeo ge rc o tx 9 3 nd tt d wa ds C# l bo o ha : r z nei pt m t la i cnm ...sm pl doe noti plc t t Equa Pr e ton Clùs . 178 F. 231, aiton li i y s m ia e he l ot c i a e' ? 3d 2 0(t Ci. 9 99 e as Matnv. f, 5 F.d2 9(t Ci. 01 )Soli pan fs 5 4h r 1 9 ) se lo ri Dufy 8 8 3 3 4h t2 7 dng lidf? equa pz e ton cl m w a be tc t t rz asa r wor ng ofli Fis Am e e l ot c i li s s ha ac e i ed e di 's t t l ndm nt ê aiton c nm a i s h c r um s a es ge zcr t la cni sdo noti plcae t et la i l i nd,n uc ic t nc , ne i e ai éon l m m i t he Eq a Pt tc on Clus , i ngEd r ) Dititc u t ha snc t l donEd t i u l oe d a e cé wads. src o rs ve i e ei e wa ds n hol ng t Fot h Cic tdoe notr c i egenercz t i t c nm sba ed on equa di he ut t ui s e opaz i e ala bn l i s l p otci Se e .Phl sv. be 3 7F. u p. d 8 1 8 1( D. C. 0 5;oh o v. r eton. e . , il Ma , 6 S p 2 6 , 7 M. N. 2 0 )J ns n i Sc t Cnt . c Bd, 2:2 v0 01 , 01 WL 4 8 5 , t*( D. . uy3 , 01 ) o t y S h. .No. 1 c 0 0 2 2 45 1 0 a W. Va J l 1 2 2 ga sJ) l ta c gt ha ef ndr tl éon cnmsa emo epr pel alg d u e t me , .. nse d, ot s v ou eai a li t r o ry le e nd r he cons uton' Fis Am e e pr e dons Se e. .W hiev.G ason Count Boar of ét i s rt ndm nt ot c . e t t y d Ed abn, 31 -v- 0 5 , .7WL 2 1 , t* ( D. C. a 1 , 01 )(e aido uc t No. :6 c 0 5 2 20 1 20 34 a 3 W. N. J n. 8 2 7 z tl n a cam p o ryasze un tj1 8 a voluo ofFis Ame me trte t n li z pel setd àe 9 3 s i a n rt nd n, ah rha Fot e nt Ame dme ) I o v. y r& C# Cou iBat r Ciy No. 1 - 7 1 8 , ute h n nt;c x Ma o ncl lmo e t, J0 1 - 3 4 i 2 7WL 5 0 7 ( Md. v. 9 2 7 (i ngEd r sa h dngr tl ùoncnm not 01 9 3 09 D. No 2 , 01 ) cd wa d nd oli e ai a li v oa n o rg t e a pr tc in, ahe i fi ce ry e tbls d a a ts a n met iht i léo f iht o qu l o e to zt z t fs la l sa ihe s frt med n rg f and asa sauty rghtunde Til V I ;butno ce ry e t bls d rghte s sunde t e a tt o i r te l la l s a ihe i xit ' r he qu l Jr/r/zca et befe fo z tl éo n W ic x a s tsno Fis Ame me cnm of t:' ; lus o r e t m eai n.). lo s et // b a rt nd nt li r t la e aiéon he e. t The c ltnot st a las onect ui hasr ce c nge issa on t sis olr e hat t e t ic t e ndy ha d t tnce hi s ue. l Ve av.H e sea U ni Fr e Sc n m t d on e hoolD iti ,t Se srct he cond Ciczta r li ckno ldged t we he ff c nsd r b ec nf so sur un n t v a it ofrtla n cnmsu e j1 37a d o i e a l o u i n t o dig he ibl y eaido li nd r 98 : n i ca i t f e aitoh c m sal g ng a a r e a éon bec us ofa c pl i of lrhed hat r t la i bi le i n dve s c r a e om ant d s tmia on a ea éo bl un rj1 8 7algngav oai oft eEq a Pr tci ic i n é z c na e de 9 37 l i i lt e on h u l o e t on Clus . 01F.d 7 , 0 (d Ci. 1 ) TheS c nd Cic i r a o dt ta e o è ' a e 8 3 2 8 2 t 20 5 . eo t ut e s ne ha n mply rs r tl t r a to i r s et a e l y espltcpa i i ad s rmi éo i ska n eai o y c in n e pons o n mp o e ' tii ton n ici na n t t do a we a pr eelngsc ttzed a i r isbl r as t te ta em pl e dif r l f nd oc ci onsitt n mpe nas i e e on o r a n oye f e enty or pur esoft Equa Pz e pos he l otcdon Clus J za 81 82.Thecour fut rr make t t a e... t d t t he e r d ha r t la i i a f m ofdic i i don and,asi ha r e aiton s or s rm na t s ecogr'e t ta equa pr ec i c m uz d ha n l ot ton bi pa alesaTil V I c m , tf r ll te I bi i ound no good t s t de at fom t sprncpl f ea on o vi e r hi i i e or z t la e aiéon com s w hen t t t la or a li , he e ai t y cdon i t ken be us apli fc pli ofot sa ca e anéf om ans oppos sdic i i e s tm nadon.I a 8 d. t 2. I i unce whe he t Fourh Cic twoul adoptt r s ng oft Se t s lar t r he t r ui d he ea oni he cond Cicztt Ve aa f ar tl d cnm b o g pu s n t j1 8 a t Eq l rtii g nd i eai on li ê u ht rua t o 9 3 nd he ua z nd a Pr ec ot éon Clus i vi bl .Thecout ne notr ac t is howe t asW icox ha a es a e t ed e h hat s ue, ve , l s f ld t sa e aprm a f c eca e f r t la i unde t Til V I fa e k,e n as lm i aie o t t i a i s ot e ai ton r he te I r m wor ve sl ng ii a t s pphc bl he e a e t. 4 1 1. 1 Toetbihaprmafcec s ofrtl to Wic mus s w:i fha gh j sa ls i a i ae eai in, lox t ho ( ç t s e a )t e g g di p oe tda t ty @ rha (e e l e)toka ves 'cina ans t z, n a e n t tce ci y ' f t h t mpoy t o d tea to g i thel' vi t ' a dti Tha acuslea ns i e se be ent p otce ad t a t a v re n ii f t a a rldo hp xitd > e he r etd c viy nd he d es )t e ly n a d t. Fo trv. v. Ma lndE. hoe 7 7F.d2 3 25 ( hCi. mpo me t c viy' se Uni of ' a - S r, 8 3 4 , 0 4i t , ' . . 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( 2 9 Asz g t t ec us li , lo f eish a l . 26 , t ( 9 , 4. e ads l a a l Wic x f l e vi j l nk re y , - o tmporl o i t - t t -nd-- l mo h tmes n be we n he No mbe 3 , n e a pr xmif7 he vo a ahaf nt i pa t e r ve r 0 2015pr e e a éviy'nd he Febrz r 1 2016 t t i ot ct d c t a r ta y 7, evn nadon. ot t Rec i r ECF M .o onsde , N o.25,a 4t 5. f he c est ta ce m e et m por lpz m iybe we a e pl rsknowl dge of f x' as ha c pt t e a oxi t t en n m oye ' e pr ec e a i t a a a r e e pl e a ot t d ctviy nd n dve s m oym nt cdon a s fce e denceofca a iy t s uf int vi us lt o esa ih aprrm f ce c e unior l hol t tt t m pot lpr m iy m us be f r t bls ir a i as f nay d ha he e a oxi t t ve y co ej'Clt C . c Ditv. e d n 5 2U. 26 , 7 (00 )(iainso te ) O e l s g' ak ' S h. s. Br e e , 3 S. 8 2 3 2 1 ctto mitd . t ei no rbrghtt m por llne, c e1w f om t Four h Cic ts her s r i e a i ' as a t ' he t t ui uggesst tt a a t ha wo- nd- hafm ont be we n t pr e ed ac t and t a r ea bn i t l t esa ih l hs t e he ot ct éviy he dve s ct s oo ong o t bls c ustonbytmpoa pt i t aone S eI v. msed, 2 F.d1 , 5 n. ( h a ai e tl oxmiy l . e Gn Ru fl 3 8 3 45 1 1 5 4t Ci. 0 )twomonhsa t weksçufiint lngs a t we k n sg i nt t t2 03 t t nd wo e f fce l o o s o à e ini l he s y ka y i e e eo c us to bewe n t t e nt? Ho nev. z ikFe e & Sl r n, 5 nfr nc f a a in t e he wo ve s); r Re nc dd z i ma 1 4 ve F. x3 , 6 ( . Ci. 0 )socigdstc c r ddno eri g a i s mmay App' 61 3 4 4t t2 05 ll itit ou t i t r n tnt u r h n ng j g ntnd fnd ntsfvo o rtl éo c m, spanuf' o ye i nc ofc u a n ud me i ee a ' a r n eai n bi a li fs nl yde e a sdo a wa t ts ewa ftdt monhsatrdsrnia nc lit cén 1 1$9seas s ha h s te wo t fe ician do ompnn, i g 11 e lo 1 : . I ' . ' Pe v. os48 F. p' 6 7, 4 (t Ci. 1 )Sodngtremo hlps tol g r Ka , 9 Ap x 3 6 3 4h r20 2 li h e nt a e o on t etblhc usdon, t ut t)Pac l Lo 'HomeCts,nc, 9 F. x2 9 o sa i a a wiho mo e; sua v. wes s t.I .1 3 App' 2 , 23 (t Ci. 0 6 (h e t furmo hspaa nbewentr naina dcnme 3 4h t2 0 ) tr e o o nt e réo t e emi to n li d pr tce a t iyt lngt e tbih ac uslc ne éo b t mpo a p o i t aone; o e t d ci t oo o o sa ls a a on c n y e r l r xmi l ) v y W i o v Ci ofGat rb . ,1 F. p 3 4 ,4 50 . d 20 5 q ps ofmo et n ln . s ihesur 21 Su p. d 78 8 M . 1 ) a e r ha t eem ont t l ape i t esa ih aça a r l tons p on tm por pr m iy hr hs po ong zod o tbls us l e ai hi e al oxi t aon )g.Fo trv. v. Md.78 F.d2 3 2 7( . Ci. 01 )(o li sof l e; - se Uni of , 7 3 4 , 4 4t r 2 5 c mpant f h dsrmiai o mo hpro t trni éo s hce t cet aj yq e d tg r i ici n t ne nt ir o er na n uf int o rae ur u s on e adng on c us éo p o ofp i fcec s ll n i v. yo dEntranme Co.8 0 F. u 2 a a n r ng zma a i a ei e kns Ga lt e ti nt , 4 S pp. d 8 3 8 ( Md. 0 2 (wo da s n bewe n op ii a tvt a s pe i n wa f r 7 , 81 D. 2 1 ) t - y pa t e poston c iiy nd us nso s f y ve cos 'a s âce tt saeac nz b ec u ai n clml l e' nd uf in o tt og ia l a s to li . W icox ct ss ve a ca esfom t Fotr h Ciczti s l ie e t l s r he zt t ti n uppor ofherposton t tt t ii ha he t a a ha fm ont dm elps i s fcentt esa ih a c us llnk and s a ea ptm a f i woc nd- - l h a e s ufii o t bls a a i tt i ace c e ofr t ladon.SeeM ot t Rec i r ECF N o. a 4- Two oft s ca èsdo not as e ai .o onsde , 25, t 5. he e s hep t pli f I Pe e v. c owelCounl Boar ofEduca l he andf. n nly M D l d éon,8 F. 646,656 76 3d ( hCi. 01 ) t eFou t Ciczth l fstncngaon , no e g ( p otce s e c ) 4t r 2 7 , h rh rti ed f la l l e k wld e of r e t d p e h g i 6 eg tt nnemo hspro go a ve s a do li no T r co e 'a wa t o d sa t t ie ih o i nt i t t d t e c n s t vey l s y' nd s o itnt o as an i et nc ofc a nf e e aus don. Anot tc e ct d by W ic Ptc v.Thom s , i a f iut -ohe as ie lox, i e on s al e t hie c e. r ,t Fourh Ciczthed pl i ifha e t bls d aprm a f i c e of r as The e he t t ti l antf d s a ihe i ace às , ' r t la e aidon be us ar as ca e e onabl tiroff tc d concude t def nda kne phi f e te ac oul l hat e nt w néf had e ge i pz e t ac t a deci d t hiehi a t & s a l bl opporaniy. nga d n ot c ed éviy nd lne o t m t he t vaia e tz t 3 0F.d 2 9 21 (t Ci. 0 4 . ihe oft e ec s si o po n . 8 3 0 , 3 4 h t 2 0 ) Net t h s a e s n i t W i oxz l sp i rl onW iimsv. z r nis 8 1F.d 45 (t Ci. 9 9 a l ei rmai c e y la l Cebe o c , 7 2 2 4 h r 1 8 ) nd 1 r v. n fl, 28F.d 1 ( hCi. 0 3,7 t of c aefc l ds gus be Q, Rl ed 3 3 45 4t r 2 0 ) 10h whih z a mal idn iha l. 1 ms y I W ila s t c uthed t tpli fhad fs ds id t l sone ousbut n ofm aki a n lim , he ot l ha a néf da fe he es r de ng prm af i c s ofc us ly 'butuli a ey det t i d t e denc di nots i ace a e a ai ' tm t l e m ne he vi e d uppor t t he i e encet tt pr nfr ha he obabl f f ' m oéve be nd W ilam s dic r wa r aiéon.1 e f or: but hi li ' s ha ge s et la d. a 457,459. ila sfl d adic i i ton com pli on N ove be 4.Shewa pl c on t W lim .te s rm na i ant m r s a ed p o d o a uay6 bu he s r iorwa no a r oft d srmi do c t a t r ba on nl n r , t r upe vs s t wa e he ic i na n hage t he tm ehem a t decson.L .a 454.By t tm e s wa t r i e on Fe ' r 22,he i de hat ii ds t he i he s e m nat d bt y ua r s r i or we ea e oft dic i i éon c r Alhough i i uncea whe W ilam s upe v s s r wat he s rm na ha ge. t ts l t n li ' s r or be m e a e oft dic i i don c pl i ,t tm es bet n t upe ds s ca wat he s rm na om ant he i pan wee he pt ec e a i t a t a r e a éon wass e r a ound sxw e ks l st n t ot t d ctviy nd he dve s c om whe e t i e - es ha he tvo a ahafm ont a i s i t i tntc e v nd l hs t s ue n he nsa as . Thepli fi I ng,a t a he f t D e t e ofD ef ns D e ndentSchool, andf n û e c r or he pntm nt e e pe s wa f t m ont a t wee afe hi s rozwasnot e t tI ng ha fld a s red wo hs nd wo ks t z s upe i o d ha o d te n . EEO com pli . ant The Fourh Cicztsa ed i a f not t tt sl ngt oftm e T s t r li t t n oot e ha hi e h i f i s fce l l s ast we ke sg hca l t i e e e ofc us don be we n t t o ufi inty ong o o a n i ni nty he nf r nc a a t e he v e nt.'328 F. a 151 n. N e rhees ,t cout w e on t hol t l ng ha m a ve s' 3d t 5. ve t l s he t nt o d hat vi d de outaptm af i c e oft ai don. i ace as etla The c ute aned: ot xpli Ye ,i t c e oft spa éctlr e pl e sm a i t s t n he ont xt hi t za m oym nt i ton, hi l h of tm e does not unde c t i er engt i ' r ut he nf ence of c a aus éon enough t z nde I ng' ptm a f c e com uns c s u .H e e o e r fi s i a i li uc es f l t , N n s s pei rj c mmit d t o ong rviws of I g' g' u ro s o te o ng i e e in s pe f - a e t s tt e oft a ade i s hoolye rast r ol nc hat e he nd he c nnc c m a he nat a decson poi , t m a ng hkel t t a dichat , ar l ii nt hus ki y ha ny s ge lwfz orunlwfz,woul c eatt tm e a t l a t l d om hat i . L I i cea i I ngt tt Fouth Cicztsdeemi tont tat a ahafmont da t s l t n fi ha he y t ti' tt nai ha wo-nd- - l h tm el ps ga rs t a s hc e i er nceofca a gi t f ct oft pa éc ar i a e ve ie o uf i nt nf e us éon ven he a s hat r ul ca e whet t nat a de ii poi wa t end oft ac de i yea . r i no s, e he ur l cson nt s he he a nlc r The e s com prabl de ii poi i t i t ca e. e c son nt n he nsant s l s t t ca e1w ct d by W ic gi st cot tno r as t r onsde ispdor n hor, he s a ie lox ve he u: e on o ec i r t rui a t herr t la i clm . nsca edoesnotiw ol t ki off r c os ' èm e lng s o e aiton li Tli s t ve he nd f y l e' i ve s n be we n pr e ed a dviyand ad r e ac pa t e ot ct c t ve s don t tgve rs t a i e e e of ha i s ie o n nf r nc c us éon a e t bls a prm a f i c e ofz a iton.Tl ca e whe eTe por l a a nd s a ihes i ace as etla i fn s s r tm a pr m iy bet n pr ec e a i t a algedl r t la or c oxi t wee ot t d ctviy nd le y e ait y onduc i r s i cour sm a t s nisng, t y l t t i e e ng pe i f ot re de e ofz t la ol a m ysr Le de iv.E uant ook o he nt rv ni rod oz he vi nc e ait y ni .' t r I .47 F.d6 0 65 ( h Ci. 0 7. r i nos hztl tr a i alge i t nc, 8 3 4 , 0 4t r2 0 ) Thee s uc eai o y nmus l d n he a e i t ntc e. nsa as The onl ot talgadon W icox a nc si s y he le l dva e n uppor ofhe r t la t r e aiéon csm i li s t a c wot e sFet a o sd sa e t m sl sfo he i De e r2 5 S e Am . h t o- k r ls ndl ne itnc d he eve r m r n c mbe 01 . e Co .ECF No. 6 1 a 41 Asnet rFet no l e wa t dè ii ma e h r ,hi mpl , 2 -,t . ihe ls r on s s he cson k t e e t s alga i sm pl notpr dveofr ait yani us le don s i y oba et la or m . 8 IT AFort er as ,t cout wtlD EN Y W ic sm odon f r c i r don ofis hes e ons he t * l lox' or e onsde a t prordim is lofhe r aiéon cli . i s sa z et la am The c twilG RAN T i par W icox' m oton t our t n t l s i o ' . a e a diectt Clr t fl t pz m nd nd r he e k o le he opos d a e d c pl i on t doc . e m nde om ant he ket H owe r bec us W ic ci nota e he c nm f r t la ve , a e lox ld m nd z l i or e aiéon,Countloft pr he opos ed a nd dc mpli wil DI M I ED p s a t Rue1 $()oft Fe rl isof me e o ant lbe S SS uru nt o l 24 6 he dea Rue Ci lPr e e,c it ntwih t cout' M a c 23, 8 mxi vi oc duz onsse t he ts z h 201 lng. 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