Desper v. Clarke et al

Filing 42

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Glen E. Conrad on 1/29/2019. (slt)

CLERKS OFFI U.S. ST COURL
CE
DI .
AT ROANOC ,
VA
FIED
L

IN TII UN I
E
TED STATES DISTRICT CO URT
FO R TI W ESTER N DISTRICT O F W R GINIA
IE
RO AN OK E DIW SIO N
JAM ES PA UL D ESPER,

J 2! 2 1
A1
20
JULI .
A DUD
ERK
BY:
D U CL K

CASE NO .7:
17CV 00549

Pl ntf,
ai if

M EM OM ND UM O PI I N
N O

HAROLD CLARKEN AL ,
ZI

By: G l n E .
e
Conr
ad
Seni Unie St e D it i Judge
or t d at s s r ct

Def
endant
s.

J m e Pa Des r a Vigi a i a e pr e di or s . fl d t s c vi rgh s a ton
a s ul pe ,
r ni nm t oc e ng o e ie hi i l i t c i

pu s n t 4 U. C.j1 3,algi t tp ion ofcil ha de e hi viiai wih hi
rua t o 2 S.
98 fe ng ha rs fi as ve nid m stton t s
m i r d ugh e ,i vi a i n of hi c ns iuto lr g s Upon r vi w of t r or t co t
no a t r n ol to
s o tt i na i ht .
e e
he ec d, he ur
Gndst tDe pe hasf ie t sa e a c a m u n whi h r le c n begr nt d.
ha s r
a l d o t t l i po
c eif a
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1 BA CKGROU ND
.

D e pe has be n i prs s nc Se e be 200 a i c r nty c
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Cor e tona Ce e .1 H e i i a c r t d f t ee c vi tons of'o ci e r pe t oug t
r c i l nt r
s nc r e a e or hr on c i
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and Decem ber2015,D es w asalowed prson vi t i w ih 1 1
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vi tm o hi c i e . To b elgi e f a e m p i a s x of e e m u tha b e f e o
c i f s rm s
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oc s o ppl or n xe ton
r 5111 ( ( 2,n 4 nd re l
r quie t i m a e t c pl t a qu tonna r a thi o f ns s a se he ha t ke t r
e r s he n t o om e e
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uat

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s
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e f pton r qu t a a c pa ng d um e a i n,a t de i whe hert r c m e t
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oval of t
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r
gnat
i

a i s r t . I t i a e' a plc to f a vi ia i e mpton i de e t r i no a pe l
dm nit a or f he nm t s p i a i n or st ton xe i s ni d, he e s
p a.
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tr
a , w ve , h nm t y e ppl or e f n r st ton xe i
A fe t s vi ia i n pr e ur s fr tt e f c i M ar h 201 De pe f l d t f l a
t r he e st to oc d e is ook f e t n
c
4, s r aie o ie
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i eques as t polcy r r N evert ess f al os two year of al
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hel , or m t
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a l d hi di c e i r viia i w ih K . . t gi hi a o r u t t a y f r a
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e m pton. Des rfr tl a ne i Fe ua y 201 t t o fci l ha r m ove K . .f om hi ls
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s it

ofa pr ve viio s l M a c 201 De pe a Gl nd s mitdt r q r pa r r f ra
p o d st r . n r h 6, s r nd e a ub te he e uied pe wo k o
s x of e rvi ia i n e
e f nde st to xempto a plc ton. A m e a he lh pr e s on e ua e D e pe a
in p iai
nt l a t of s i al val t d s r
f w we ks l t r D e pe s is e de e i di tng t the ha ha e e i m e t lhe t
e
e a e . s r ubm t vi nc n ca i ha
s d xt nsve n a alh
is
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tm t y, n br a y
7, e a e r d ha he s t to xempto r que t ha
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ed
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per
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s c nd viia i e m pton a i a i n i J e 201 A dif çn m e alhe t p of s i
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fer t nt
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val t d s r n
us .
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Des nor G l
per
enda as K. .S l
D ' egal guar an was notfed of t deni or was provi any
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s f c r on t D es s vi iaton exem pton r
pecii eas hat per' st i
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i c t t ti M a c 201 s w a t ve ye r ol
ndi a es ha n r h 8, he s wel
a s d.

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s r he e hi 98 ton, mi s ee ns
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om a n , c he ou t l a t

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o tt
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niil m ai s asd n x t a t l m ut pe
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4

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li m

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ne
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hol ng t t tl ione) ha no c ttto rgh t physc l c ntc wih hi f mi '.
di ha tprs r s
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Th grg ti ls i a c r a c wi d ep o e sa tet o ci n l u g n - Wht, 3
i ih s o t n c od n e t u r c s t h i f rmia j d me t' ie 4 8
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F.Supp.at117.

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consiutonalri t sul ves i cer ton w ihs ands constt i chalenge:
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5

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yi he
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ur
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ha he urhe e e tm t nol c l nt r t n n a ni n e na e urt nd ot tng
c l vi ior f o s x m ic uc .
hid s t s r m e ual s ond t
Eve i De pe r t ns s m e c tt ton rghtt vi i w ih hi da t r t VD OC
n f s r e ai o
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viiain rgulto smial wihsa dshi j1 3 c lng unde t Tur rfcor. Fis,
stto e ain i lry t tn s 98 hale e
r he ne a t s rt
t r gu a i n a is r quie e sbe ra c e r a d r as bl r l to hi t t sa e' i e e t
he e l to nd t e r m nt a l a n e ona e e a i ns p o he t t s nt r s
i pr e tng c l e f o s xua m ic
n ot c i hidr n r m e l s onduc a d i pr m otng s x of e e t e t e s c s
t n n o i e f nd r r a m nt uc es .

Se Ove t 5 U. a 1 (G otci c l e fo ham i as algii t goa.) Alx
e ron, 39 S. t 33 ç e tng hidrn rm r s lo e tmae l' ; e
pr
'

v.Be r No.CI 1: 09-711 201 WL 1 68 a * ( D.Pa Apr 6,201 (11ti
ad,
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l c lt tw h r p ion o f c a s be i ve a s x o f nde ' co a twih a y pa tc a i vi l
ogi a ha e e r s f i i l le
e f e r s nt c t n ri ul r ndi dua
w oul not pr o e te t e or r ha lt ton e f t, vi ia i w ih pa tc ar i vi ual
d
om t r a m nt
e biia i fors st ton t ri ul ndi d s

s d beprhi td.) To c ntn viiai atrt rg ain t k èfc,Des rha t
houl
o bie ' .
'
o iue stton fe he e ulto oo fe t pe d o
a pl f an e m p i a unde go a a s s m e tt e ur t tviia i w ih K . . as s f
p y or
xe ton nd
r n s e s n o ns e ha st ton t D w
ae
f her. Onl aferhe f l t do s aferm any m ont di of al di ppr contnued viis
or
y t
aied o
o t
hs d fci s sa ove
i
st

unl s he o i d an e m pton. The a s s m e tdi no r ac t e r ul D e pe a hi m ot r
es
bh ne
xe i
s e s n d t e h h es t s r nd s he
d ie Ne rhel s ,t t as es m e r uie e w a r s bl r a e t K . .S s f t
esr d. ve t e s ha s s nt eq r m nt s ea ona y el t d o D ' a e y,
gi n D e pe ' a it d hit y o m e al h lh pr bl m s a s x ofe e w ih t e ge s
ve
s r s dm te sor f nt ea t o e
nd e f ns s t e na r .
Furhe mor t de al ofvi ia i n we e no pe m a nt D e pe m a r ppl f r a vi ia i
t r e, he ni s
st to
r t r ne . s r y ea y o
st ton
exem pton ever year. Overtm e i hi teat
i
y
i n s r mentpr am ,t saf t as sm entm ay change.
ogr
he e y ses

Se nd,D e pe r t i ot r mea o c m uni a i w ih K . .a mai t i ng hi
co
s r e a ns he
ns f om
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r pond wih her t ough
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lter and conve m es agest hert ough Gl
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6

Ovet 5 U. a 1 (otn t tsx ofndest a c
ron, 39 S. t 35 n ig ha e fe r c n ommuniaewiht ewhoma no
c
c t t hos
y t
vii b sndng mes ge t ou t e who 'r al d t vii,'a Ethe
st y e i
sa s hr gh hos
ae lowe o st' nd tl y
l

.ma
y

c m u c t wih pe s ou sde t prs n b l te a t l pho ' i s ts a to ofs c
om ni a e t r ons t i he i o y e t r nd e e ner n a if c i n
'
e ond

Tur rf t ) G-j fc t t( s r ma mananc tc wih ( D.tr
ne acor. 'lhe a tha Depeq y iti ona t t K. ) houghme nsote
la hr
t n viiai s rst r s blnes ofte ( ion viiainlpoiy. W ishi v.
ha' stton uppo t he eaona e s
h prs stto
lc '
' rc ng
Col a 3 F. 11 ,1 ( 0hCi. )
ordo, 60 3d 91 201 1 t r2004 .
Thid, a l w i D e pe t r s e vi ia i w ih K. .w iho t s f t a s s m e
r lo ng s r o e um
st ton t D
t ut he a e y s e s nt

pr e s t viia i pr e e r quie wo d di rt a lt of c r c i o fc r t
oc s he stton oc dur e r s ul Empai he biiy
ore tons fie s o
pr ectal who ar i de a pr s sw als' Overon 539 U . at131. l s cicum s ances,t
ot
l
e nsi
i on'
l .'
t
S.
. n uch r
t
he

co ti ta c d s bsa tald frnc t t prfsi lj
ur G
mus c or u tni eee e o he oe sona udgme to prs a nitao s
n f ion dmi srtr,
w ho be ra sgnik a r s
a i f nt e ponsbiiy f r d fni t l gii a e go sofa c r c i s t m a
i lt o e i ng he e tm t al
or e tons yse nd
f de e m i ng t m os a o it m e nst a c pls t m . l a 1
or t r ni he
t ppr pr a e a o c om ih he ' d. t 32.
'
Fo t Des r ha no pr pos a r a a t na i t t e s i r ul ton t t
urh, pe s t o ed ny e dy ler tve o he xitng eg a i ha
w oul f rhe t s e i e e t t t s m e e e t H e s mpl i i t t the s d be gr nt d
d u t r he am nt r s s o he a
xt n .
i y ns ss ha
houl
a e
a e m pto b e o h spas vi ia i w ih K. .a hi de ie t r s e i. A s dic s d
n xe i n, as d n i
t st ton t D nd s s r o e um t
s us e ,
t a e e vi ia i n r gulton d no e Des r s a lt t m ai a n a r l to hi w ih
he m nd d s t to e a i oes t nd
pe ' biiy o nt i e a i ns p t
K . . I m e el lm is s x of e r 'phys c lviia i wih t i m i r c l e t t s who
D t r y i t e f nde s
i a st ton t he r no hidr n o ho e
obt n t e m pton a tr a pe s na i d a s s m e d t r i s t a s c viis do notpos a
ai he xe i - fe
r o lze s e s nt e e m ne h t u h st
e
saf ' rs t t chid orunder i t of ender' t t entpr am .
et ik o he l
y
m ne he f
s rea m
ogr

7

Fort s at r ons t courtconcl
he t ed eas , he
udest Despe salegatons f lt s a e a cl m
hat
r' l i
ai o t t
ai

u n whi h r le c n be gr nt d. Acc di y,t c tw ilgr ntt m oto t d s i s a
po
c eif a
a e
or ngl he our l a he
i n o i m s , nd

de yDepe' moi f s
n s rs ton or ummayj gme , a t hi cli und rt Fis Ame nt
r ud nts s o s ams e he rt ndme .
2. Due Pr
ocess

The Due Pr c s Cl us o t Fo t e h Am e
o es a e f he ure nt
ndmen pr bis a s e f om de i ng
t ohi t ht r
prvi
f n pe s o lf ,lbe t orpr ry w ihou due pr e s ofl w . U . Cons .a e X I
f y r on f ie i ry,
a
ope t t t
oc s
a ' S.
'
t m nd. V,

j1. To sae a cam t tofcasha de i d hi ofac tmtonal pr tce lbet
tt li ha fiil ve prve m
onsi i ly oe td i ry
itr s wihou duepr es C plitf mus ( )i ntf apr e tdlbet orprpet i eet
neet t t
oc s,1 anif t 1 de iy otce i ry
a
o ry ntrs
a d ()d monsrt de i to oft titrs wihou du pr eso lw. Preov.Clr ,
n 2 e tae prvain ha neet t t e oc s f a ' it
'
ake

7 0 F.d 2 5 2 (t Ci.2 5 . Th S p e Co r h s rjce t e ag me t ta
8 3 4 , 48 4h r 01 )
e u rme u t a ee td h r u n h t
d e tr d vi ia i i gu a e d die ty by t e Due Pr e s Cl us ' Kv. e t o Co r v.
E te e st ton s ar nt e r c l
unf
h
oc s a e.
'
D p' f r .

Thomps 490U. 45 460( 989 .çl de alo prs n a c s t apa tc a viio i wel
on,
S. 4,
1 ) ç- ni f io c e s o riulr str s l
-he
w ihi t t r s of c f n m e or na iy c nt m pl t d by a prs s nt nc an t r f e i
t n he e m
on i e nt di rl o e a e
ion e e e, d he e or s
no .nde nd nty pr e t d b t e Due Pr es Cl us .' 1 a 461 The e o e, o pr t the
ti pe e l ot c e y h
oc s a e ' d. t .
r f r t ove ha

ha aprtce lbet itrs a sa hee Depe mus ()poitt t bai f a i e etor
s oe td i ry neet t tke r, s r t a n o ( ss or n ntr s
a

e cain i saergulto 'i viiai Preo,78 F. a 250;a d( s t td nilof
xpe tto n tt e ains'n stton, it 0 3d t
n b) how ha e a
t ti t r s i pos d on hi a % t c la sgnii a h r hi ...i r l ton t t or na y
ha n e e t m e
m n t ypi a nd i fc nt a ds p
a
n e a i o he di r
'
n
i i nt ofprs lf '6 Sandi v Co r 51 U. 4 48 ( 95)
ncde s ion ie.
nno , 5 S. 72, 4 19 .
.

Fis ,t VD O C' d ci i n t c ng is vi ia i polc es di not i plc t Des r s
r t he
S e s o o ha e t st ton i i d
m ia e
pe '
c tt ton rg s I i w e lesa i he t a sa e o tci lsf iur t a de b pr e a r e
onsiu i al i ht . t s l t bls d h t t t fi a ' a l e o bi y oc dur l ul s

5A c ut a ga t u r u g n o l çfh mo a t h wsh th r i n g n n ds uea t a y
o rc n rn smmayj d me t ny d te v n s o ta tee s o euie ip t s o n
i
maeila ta dtemo a ti e t ldt jd me ta amatro lw. Fe . Ci. 5 () Be a s tec ut
tra fc n h v n s nie o u g n s t f a ' d R. v P. 6a. c ue h o r
t
e
'
.

heei dee miesta De pe fist saea cl m upo whi r ifc nbegrntd,t co tas c l t t
r n tr n h t s r al o tt ny ai
n ch ele a
a e he ur lo oncudes ha

h c n o b ett dt j d me t samatro lw,n d ne hsmoinac rigy
e an t e nil o u g n a
e
t fa a d e is i t codn l.
e
o
6 Onl i Des rm a sboh o t s s w i d t DuePr e sClus rquieapa tc a m e ur
y f pe ke t f he e ho ngs oes he
oc s a e e r
riulr % e
ofpr ed a pr tci beor hi viiai sausc nge .Sa n.51 U . a 48
oc ur l oe ton f e s stton tt ha s ndi 5 S.t 7.

8

a r gultons doe no ,i a of is l, sa e a f de ald pr e s is . Ri c o v.Ct o
nd e a i
s t n nd
t e f t t e r ue oc s s ue
ci
y. f

Faifxe , F. 1 9,1 ( hCi.19 )
ra Va.907 2d 45 469 4t r 90 .
Second,D es cannot m ake eiher of t requied s i t es a ih a pr ect
per
t
he
r how ngs o t bls
ot ed

lbe t it r s a iig fo t VDOC' pr e ur asa nde i 201 Ce ti y,t polc
i ry n e e t rsn r m he
S oc d e
me d n 4. ranl he iy
do n c e t a e c a i t tD e pe ,a a s x of e de ,c n c tnue viia i w ih K . .
ej ot r a e n xpe t ton ha s r s e f n r a on i
st ton t D
w hie s i a m i r Ra he ,t po iy or hi t s x o f nde s fom vi ia i n w ih t i m i
l he s
no . t r he lc o bis e f e r r
s t to t he r nor
chid e u i t ey und r t s e y a s s m e a d ob a n a exe pto The l c of a
l r n ntl h
e go he af t s e s nt n
t i n m i n.
ak
ny
polcy- eat expec aton t Des and K . .can contnue vi t i i f alt hi pr
i cr ed
t i hat per
D
i
siaton s at o s ocedur
al
due pr s cl m . See,e. ,Kv.D ep' ofCon' 490 U . at462- M or
oces ai
2.
t
.
,
S.
63.
eover,t cour cannot
he
t

fnd t tt viiai n polc c nge i s d an aypia a sg fc n ha d hi on De pe
i ha he st to
iy ha s mpo e
t c l nd ini a t r s p
s r

c rd t odiay prs n crumsa s l a 461 (i ng t nilofprs ac e st a
ompae o r n r io ic tnce. d. t
'
fndi û a
de
ion c s o
pa tc a vi ior' t be G l w ihi t t r s o c i m e t or na iy c e pl t d b a
ri ul r s t ' o
G l t n he e m f onfne n di r l ont m a e y
we

prs sntnc ' .Asdic sd,Depe c n manti hi rltons p wihK. whies i a
ipn e e e'
)
suse
s r a i an s eai hi t D. l he s
m i r t oug o h a ia e m e ns of c m m uni a i n a d c n r a y e r ye r f a
no hr h t er va l bl
a
o
c to n a e ppl ve y a or n
e mpton.
xe i
Fort e s a e r a ons t co tc nc ude t tD e pe f l t s a e a due pr e s c a m
h t t d e s , he ur o l s ha s r ais o t t
oc s l i
u whi h r le c be gr n e The e o e, he c t il a t m o i t dim i s a d y
pon c e i f an
a t d. r f r t our w l gr nt he ton o s s , nd en

Depe ' moinf s
s rs to or ummayj me ,a t t scam.
r udg nt s o hi li
3. EqualPr ecton
ot i

TheEqua Pr etonClus ofteFou te t Ame me de ae t ttlq Stt s l
l otci a e h
re nh
nd nt clrs ha tno ae hal
. . .

de t a yped n...hee l otcinoft lws'U. Cons.ame XI j1.Thi
ny o n ro
t qua pr e to he a . S. t, nd. V,
'
s

pr s o doe not alog t e f bi s a e f om cl s f ng i vi l ; r t r i d e
ovi i n
s
t e h r or d t t s r
as iyi ndi dua s a he t s ps
ke

9

gove n e a de s o a r f om t e tng dif r n l pe s ns who a e i a 1r e n r s c s
r m nt l ci i nm ke s r r a i
f e e ty r o
r n 1 el va t e pe t

ai . Nor i e v. hn,5 U. 1 1 ( 9 )
lke' dlnR r Ha 05 S. , 0 1 92 .
'
To s
ucceed on an equalpr ecton cl m ,a pl ntf m us fr tdem onsr et the
ot i
ai
ai if t is
tat ha
ha b n t e t d dif r n l f o o h r wih whom he i s m ia l s t t d a
s ee r a e f e e ty r m t e s t
s i l ry iua e nd
t t t un ua t e t e w a t r s t of i e tona or pur e ul
ha he eq l r a m nt s he e ul
nt n i l
pos f
dic i i a i On t s s w i i m a e, t e c ur pr e ds t d t r i
s rm n ton. ce hi ho ng s d h o t oc e o e e m ne

wh te te ds ai i te t n c n b j si d u d rte rq ii lv lo
eh r h ip rt n rame t a e u tûe n e h e ust e e f
y
e
s tny.
cnli

Kerv.Mas l Uni Bd.ofGo r r,8 F.d 6 8 ( h Ci.201 ( tngMorionv.
r
rhal v.
venos 24 3 2, 2 4t r 6) quoi
rs
GarRhv,23 F. 6 6 ( h Ci.2001 W he a i t b igs a e lprtcin
ra t 9 3d 48, 54 4t r
:.
n n nmae rn n qua oe to
c ai ,hi a l ga i ns of u qua te t e m us be a l e i lght of t e pr s s s ci l
l m s le to
ne l r a m nt
t
na yz d n i
h ion' pe a
S iy and m anagem entConcer M or i on,239 F. at655. SThe bur
eçurt
ns.
rs
3d
'
den,m or r,i not
eove s

o t St t t pr t va i t of prs r gul to b on t prs r t di p ove i.
n he a e o ove he ldiy
ion e a i ns ut
he ione o s r
t'
'
Overon,539 U . at 132. The courtcannotGnd t D es has m et or coul m ee ,hi bur
t
S.
hat per
,
d
t s den
t sat an equalpr ecton cl m her
o te
ot i ai
e.

Fis , De pe ha no s wn t t he w a t e t d dif r n l t o he s x o f nde s
r t s r s t ho
ha
s r a e f e e ty han t r e f e r
c fne i VD OC prs ns Unde t 201 a e
on d n
io .
r he
4 m ndme s t t e vi ia i polc a1 s x
nt o h st ton
iy, 1 e
o f nde sw e e r q r d t a y f a e mpto a d unde g t s m e t ofa s s m e t t
f e r r e uie o ppl or n xe i n n
r o he a ype s e s nt ha
D e pe un r n . Se o he c n s w t a he i sm ia l st t d i al r e n r s c st
s r de we t c nd, a not ho h t s i l ry iua e n l el va t e pe t o
o he s x ofe r who ha be n g a e e m p i t vi i wih t i m i r c l r n. A s a
t r e f nde s
ve e r nt d xe tons o st t he r no hid e
pr r qui ie f t s e m p i e l t r m us ha d t r i d t tt i t s c i i la
e e st or hi xe ton, va ua o s
t ve e e m ne ha he nma e' rm na nd
m e alhe lh hit y a ot rf c o s di no c e t r s ofpo e ta h r t c l e ss f t
nt a t s or nd he a t r d t r a e iks
t n i l a m o hidr n' a e y.
Eval or di notr
uat s d
each t s concl i aboutD es ,however durng t ass m entoft
hi
uson
per
, i he ess
hese
samç f or
act s.

10

The c ur c l est tD e pe f l t sa e a e lpr e ton c ai on whi h r le
o t onc ud ha s r ais o t t ny qua ot c i l m
c eif
coul be gr ed. A ccor ngl t cour w ilgr t m oton t dim i s,and deny D es s
d
ant
di y, he
t l ant he
i o s s
per'

moinf rs mmayj d me t o ti cam.
to o u r u g n, n hs li
B. O t M ater
her t s

Th M oinfrItro uo yIj n tv Reif
e to o nelc tr nu cie l
e
Be a eprlmi r ij tverle i a e ta di r rme t pat se ng s h
c us ei nay nunci eif s n xror nay e dy,he ry e ki uc
relef mus m ake a cl show i (t he i lkel t s
i
t
ear
ng that s i y o ucceed on t m eris t the i lkel t
he
t , ha
si y o

s f r ir pa a e ha m i t a e e ofpr lm i r r i f t tt ba a e ofe uii stps i hi
ufe re r bl r n he bs nc
e i na y ele , ha he l nc
q te i n s

fv r a dta a ij n to i i tep bi itrs- W itrv Na. s De.Co n i. n .
a o , n h t n nu cin s n h u l neet' ne . t Re . f u cl I c,
c
'
5 U. 7, ( ) Gi nt c tsfndi t tDepe sae noc nsiuina cam upo
55 S. 20 2008 . ve he our'
ng ha s r tts o ttto l li
n
whih rle c n begrntd und rj1 3,heha no ma ace s wi o alkelh o
c eif a
ae
e 98
s t de lar ho ng f i iood f
s c s o t m e is ofhi unde l ng c a m s i t s l w s t A c or ngl he ca
uc e s n he rt
s
ryi l i n hi a ui. c di y,
nnotm e ta l
e l
f W i e r quie e t f i t roc t r r le . The c ur wild y hi m oto a c di y.
our nt r e r m n s or n e l u o y e i f
o t l en s i n c or ngl
2. Unser and Unnam ed D ef
ved
endant
s

I hi a e d c
n s m nde ompl i ,D e pe a s t o a tona V DO C o fci l- s r ns a
a nt s r dd w ddii l
f a s t a ky nd
V ar
go. Thes def
e
endant ar not yet partes t t s acton, becaus t court has not
s e
i o hi
i
e he
accom plshed s ce upon t . Bef e doi s how eve t cour i r r t dim is any
i
ervi
hem
or
ng o,
r, he
t s equied o s s

a ton orc ai ûl d by a prs ne a i ta gove nm e ale tt o of e i t c tde e m i s
ci
lm e
i o r ga ns
r nt n iy r fc r f he our t r ne
t acton or cl m i f i ous,m alci , or f l t s a e a cl m on w hi r i m ay be
he i
ai s rvol
i ous
ais o t t
ai
ch elef

grne 28U. C.j1 5A()1.Gi nt co tsGndi heent tDepe fist saea y
a td.
S.
91 b () ve he ur'
ng ri ha s r al o tt n
j1 3cams frt trasn,heco tmus alos
' 98 li , o ha e o t ur t s ummaiydimishi cl msa i tSta k
rl s s s ai gans rns y

a Vago, s n t j1 5 b)1.
nd r purua t o 91 A( ()

De pe ' a e e c m p e t as na s J ne a J hn Do de e a t . The c ur
s rs m nd d o l
lo me a nd o
e f nd n s
o t
no e hl by o de e ee M a c 8 201 t ti he f le t)pr vl t ns soft Doe
M d m
r r ntr d r h , 8, ha f a ld
o de he me
he

d fh n t, i càmqa nn tèe wo l b ds se wl o tp e ie Heh sf i dt d
ee d ns hs ll g ln m u d e lmlsd t u rbdc . a al o o
h
e
s . Ac odn l a1csmqa sn tt Do d fn n t wi b dg se wih u p eu ie
o c r igy, 1 ll g lq he e ee d n s l e imls d t o t rl dc ,
l

p rn n t Rue 4m) l a y e e t f rra o sara y e pan d De p rfist saea y
u s n t o l ( . n n v n o e sn le d x lie , s e al o tt n
a G n be91 8 csm a mn t n o e Th s a ya nd n t n meteDo d fn a t n w
c o a l 9 3 ll g 'K a y n . u , n me me t o n h e ee d n s o
wo d bede e a f tl
ul
nid s ule.
11 CONCLUSI
1.
ON

For t r a ons saed t co t wil gr n Des rs mo:o t fl a a nde
he e s
tt , he ur l a t
pe '
ns o le n me d
c
ompli ;grntt m oi t dimisSld by de e da sCl a Robns de y Des r s
ant a he ton o s s e
f n nt cke nd
l oni n
pe '

moin frK mmo J d me ta d itro uo y ij n v rle a d sx rl ds s a1
t so n
o
u g n n n elo tr nu dle eit n l
mmsi imis l
y

cmmnà an'oh rd fn n t, u mmn t j1 1 A()1 o Rue4m) Ana p o raeod r
l' g ls te ee d n s p r t o 9 5 b () r l ( . p r p it r é
t
wlle t rt sda
l n e bi y.
!

Th Clr i die td t s nd c e oft i me a um opi on a a co
e e k s r ce o e opis h s mor nd
ni nd c mpO yi g
n
o de t t pn e .
r r o he dls
ENT ER

4

:Th skg d yo J n ay 20 9
i
a f a ur, 1 .
Se orUnle Stt Dii c J e
ni
td aes s t udg

1
2