Hoglan v. Mathena et al

Filing 27

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 6/6/2019. (slt)

CLERK' OFFI U.s.DI COURT
S
CE
ST.
'
ATDANVI E.VA
LL
FIED
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I TH E UN I ED STAT ES D I
N
T
STR I C O U R T
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FO R TH E W E STER N D I
STR I O F W R G I I
CT
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ROANOKE DI I ON
V SI

J 25 1 1
UN
29
JULI C. UDL G ERK
A
EM
sv,

à CL

EPO

DOUGLAS A.HO GLAN ,
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ai if

CA SE N O .7:
18CV 001
40

V.

M EM OM NDUM OPI ON
NI

R. ATHENA, K ,
M
c

By: H on.Jac on L .K i er
ks
s

Se orUnied St e Dit itJudge
ni
t
at s s rc
D ef
endants
.

Thepl i if Dougl A . o a aVigi ai m a epr e ngpr K , e t sc vi rght
antf,
as H gl n, r ni n t oce di
o sl d hi i l i s

a to t e 4 U. C.j 1 8 , l gn t tp io o casatr dh si t te t n p a i
ci n md r 2 S.
9 3 al i g ha rs n x il l e i nmae rame t ln n
e
e
r t iton f r pas l ws t he ha fld a
eala i o
t a uis
d ie boutprs polcis Atis i t s me or ndt
ion i e .
s ue n hi m a un
opi o i t pa ta moton t dim isfld b de e nt M .Elm ,S.M as e
ni n s he ri l i o s s e y f nda s
a
s nbur A.Pogue,
g,

K. . o e- si, n Lo en (see a t', ndHo ln' rs o et t ermoin.Afe
M Cr wd rAu tn a d v r t fnd ns' a
d
)
ga s e p ns o h i to
tr
r viw oft r c d,Iwilgr ntt de e nt 'moton. Hogl n' cai sa i tt r m ani
e e
he e or
l a he f nda s
i
a s l m gans he e i ng
defnda t ,whi h a eno c lngç i t motont dimi s wilgo f wa d.
e ns
c r t hale d n he i o s s , l
or r

l t f l o 201 Hogln wa confne a Gr e Rock Co r tona Ce e .Durng ac l
n he al f 7,
a
s
i d t en
rec i l nt r
i
el
s a c o Ocobe 11 201 oo c r c ica e num e ousie fom hi c l t ti l
e r h n t r , 7,
e s onfs t d
r t ms r
s e l ha ncudednude

o smin d i g sa v oaigVign aDe m me to Co r cins(ç
r e - u e ma e s i ltn r ii p
n f re to &
VDOC' p lc Hoga
' o iy. ln
)
fl gre nc s a
ied iva e boutt i i ntt twe e r l d unf
he ncde ha r u e
ounded,a t s r i sw e e uphed on
nd he e ulng
r
l
a a .De e nt Elm ,
ppe l f nda s a Pogue, owde - tn,a M a s nbur r c veda lorr s nde t
Cr
rAusi nd s e g e ei
nc e po d o
/
Hègl s g i va s a a al .
an' r e nce nd ppe s

Of e s c
fc r onduc e a he cel s a c on Ocobe 1 201 The e fe ,Hog a wa
t d not r l e r h
t r 7, 7.
r a tr
ln s
pl e i s gr ga e c
ac d n e e t d onine t wihoutbei gi n notc or a r a on f t s a ton. He
men t
ng ve
ie
e s or hi c i
r m ane i ' tsa uswiho a o hi pe s
e i d n t tt
ha
t ut ny f s r onalpos e sonsf s ve a da . Unde VDOC
s s i or e r l ys
r

po iy,de e ntLove n wa r s nsbl f co uci a I tt i Cl s ii a i Aut iy
lc
f nda
r
s e po i e or nd tng n nsiutonal a sfc ton hort

(I ' h ai go Oco e 1 , 01 , o e nngHo ln' sau c n e XoI he rngwa
& CA' e rn n t b r 9 2 7 c nc r i
& )
ga s tts ha g .
CA ai
s
c uce howe r Hogl n was r l as d t t ge r po a i on Oc obe 24, 201
ond td,
ve .
a
e e e o he ne al pulton
t r
7.
Li r ly c nsr e Hogln cam s t t
be al o t u d,
a li
ha

El m , Pogue Cr wde - tn, ml
a
, o rAusi
d

M a s r r ponded uns tsacorl t gre nc sa a a sa utt Ocobe 11, 7 c l
s enbu g es
a if t iy o iva e nd ppe l bo he t r 201 el

sa c ;ml ( ) Lo en fie 'o p o d d p o e s p oe to s rq ie b VDOC p lc
e r h d 2 v r ald t r vie ue r c s rt ci n e ur d y
oiy
c nc m i s r gai pl c m e on t tda e Thes de e nt m ove t dimi st cai
o e ng eg e ton a e nt
ha t .
e f nda s
o s s he l ms

t e Rue 1 b ()o t eFe ea Rpe o Cii P o e u e a d Hoga ha rs o d d ma ig
md r l 2()6 f h d rl ls f vl r c d r , n
ln s e p n e , kn
t moton rpef diposton.
he i i or s ii
I
I.

A dsrc c u t h ud ds s acam u d rRul 1 ()6 i, c e tn a1welpe d d
itit o r s o l imis li n e e 2 b () f a c p ig 1 l- la e
al gai i t co aitast ea dr wi a1 r s na ef cua i e e e i t pl ntf'
le tons n he mpl n
nz nd a ng 1 ea o bl a t l nf r nc s n he ai ifs
f vor t c
a , he ompl ntdoe notal geSe
ai
s
le tnough f c st sa ea c am t r le t ti pl usbl on is
a t o t t l i o e if ha s a i e t

fc . Bel lCo . Two l, 5 U. 5 4 5 0( 0 ) tA) litf so lg to t prvie
a e' lAt. p v. mbv 5 0 S. 4 , 7 20 7 . û p an if b iai n o o d
'
(
t gr mdso hi e ilm e t r l'fr quiesm o et n l be sa c l i ns a af mul i
he ol
f s ntte nt o ei e r
e
r ha a l nd oncuso , nd or ac
r ct ton oft e e nt ofa c us o a ton wilno do. 1 a 555. M o e r a c tne
e ia i
he l me s
a e f ci
l t ' d. t
'
1 r ove , our ed
notl c ptt l lc usonsd a fom t f c s' Sa c pta t u unwa r t i e e s
' e he ega oncl i
ac
r wn r he a t'or 'c e s r e
ran ed nf r nce ,
lnr as bl c l i ns ora glmen s' E.Shor M l .I v.J. .As oc Lt P'hi 21
l e ona e oncuso , r l t .
'
e ds. nc. D
s s. d. s p, 3

F. 1 18 ( h Ci.
3d 75, 0 4t r 2000)
.
1 I have omitd i er quot i m a ks aler tons a ciatons her and t oughout t s
te nt nal
aton r , t a i , nd t i
e
hr
hi
opi on,unl sot wienot
ni
es her s
ed.

To saeacam t e j 1 8 aplitf mu talg th v oaino arg ts c r db
tt li md r 9 3, anif s l e i e i lto f ih e u e y
e t
t Consiuton a l wsoft Unie Stt s a mus s
he
tt i nd a
he t d a e , nd
t how t tt alege de i i wa
ha he l d prvaton s

c mmitdb apes n a tn t e c lro saelw. e tv At , 7U. 4 4 ( 98 )
o te y ro ci g md r oo f tt a ' s . l 48 S. 2, 8 1 8 .
'W
dns
Hogln mus s
a
t how die tpe s
r c r onali ve e by ea h i vi lde e nt Tr l k v.Fr e
nvol m nt
c ndi dua f nda . uoc
e h,

2 5F.d 3 , 0 ( t Ci. 0 )(o igt a l bit i acv lrg t c s i ' e s na,b s d
7 3 91 4 2 4h r 20 1 n tn h t i l y n ii ih s a e s t r o l a e
a i
p
u n e c d fn a tso c n ttto a v oains);seas Gar c t v. . p' o Co r,
po a h ee d n ' wn o si in l i lto ' e lo ra h v Va De t f r.
u
5 F.d 1 7 ,1 0(t Ci. 99 )
2 3 2 4 28 4 h r 1 5 .
The def nda s a g t t Hogln f is t i ntf wha s i a l El m , Pogue
e nt r ue ha
a a l o de iy
t pecsc ly n
,
M a s nbtr a Cr w de - tn di pe s nal t pa tci t i t alege vi a i of
s e lg, nd o rAusi d r o ly o ri pa e n he l d oltons
Hogl sc tm tonalrght .The ede e
an' onsi i
i s
s f ndant as a guet tHogl ha no de o taedt
s lo r ha
an s t m nsr t he
ne e s y e e nt t hol t m la e as s r i o y ofi i l f t al ge c tt i na
c s ar l me s o d he ibl
upe v s r fc as or he le d onsiuto l

vilto so ohe p io o fcas Se W i i sv M o t o r , 51F.d21 , 26(t Ci. 1 )
oain f t r rs n fiil. e l n . n c mey 7 3 4 2 4h r20 4 .
k
The de e n s c nt nd t tHogln ha notsa e f c ss wi t tt ra tons c tt t d a
f nda t o e ha
a s
t t d a t ho ng ha hei c i
onsiu e
S o ng f r e' hi t al ge vi ai ofhi rght .J
G vi o c 'be nd he le d oltons
m
s i s onesv.W e l m ,1 F. 6 627
lhn 04 3d 20,

(t Ci.1 9 ) Fi l ted fnd nsrl o t efc ta imae h ven c n t ui n lrg t
4h r 9 7 . nal h ee a t ey n h a t h t n ts a o o si to a ih
y,
t
t pM ii t i aprs n gre
o
cpae n i o ivanc pr e le o t r ceve apa tc a r po et a gre
e oc dtr r o e i
riul r es ns o
ivanc o
e r

a p a.Se Bo k rv. C. p' o Cor, 5 F.d5 3 5 ( t Ci. 01 )
p e l e o e S. De t f r.8 5 3 3 , 41 4h r 2 7 .
Ast Ho ln scamsa an td fn a tLo r t ed fn nsag eta 5 1 8 i no
o g a ' li g is ee d n ven, h ee da t r u h t 9 3 s t
t pr rca e o aci n t r ievi ai nsofVDOC po iy.W ele v. n' ofSoc a Se v c s
he ope us f to o as olto
lc
lr De t
il r ie ,

9 F. 3 7 3 2( t Ci.1 9 )(ç ) i welstldt t i lto so sae1w c n o p o d
01 2d 8 , 9 4h r 9 0 ûIt s l e t ha v oain f tt a n n t rvie
(
e
t ba i f a due pr e s c1i '. A saes fitr t ad r t is own pr durs and
he ss or
oc s am.)
'
tt' alle o hee o t
oce e
r ultonsi notaf rlduepr s is nori i a tona eunde j 1 Se Ri i v.Ct
eg ai s
edea
oce s sue s t ci bl
r 983. e cco
v.

o F ifx. . 9 7 F.d 1 j9 1 6 ( t Ci.1 9 ) Fu te mo e te d fn a t c n e d ta
f ara Va, 0 2 4 , 4 9 4h r 9 0 . rh r r ,h ee d n s o tn h t

t c ndii nsHogl n f e whiebre l c i i s gr ga i di no gi rs t a f de aly
he o to
a ac d l ify onfned n e e ton d t ve i e o e r l
pr e t dlbe t i e e tti rngf de a pr e al ot c i .SeeSa nv. me ,515U.
ot c e i ry ntr s rgge i e r l oc dur pr e tons
ndi Cor r
S.

47 4 4 48 ( 9 5 ( lig ta af d r l prt ce lb ry itr s a ie o l wh r t e
2, 8 , 7 1 9 ) hodn h t e eal oe td ie t n ee t rs s n y e e h
y
de i ton i pos d n olnt t a i t pial a sgnii a ha ds p' o t t i çne t y
prva i m e m l s o n G y c nd i fc nt r hi ' r ha t t viabl
a
i

afcgqt edlai no hi s ne c ' .
fe ts h t to f s e tn e'
r
)
I r s ns t t def nda s moton t dim is Hogl n ' clnes t put f t a
n e po e o he e nt '
i o s s,
a l i
de
o
orh ny

mp l nt ag ns t De e nt m oto t dim is'a t t c am sagans Elm ,M as e g,
me s ai t he f nda s' i n o s s ' s o he l i
i t n
s nbur

P g e Cr wde- tn a dLo en.( s 1E No 21 . Ac o dngy,o t r a o ssae
o u , o rAusi , n v r Re p. ECF . j) c r i l f r he e s n ttd
i t ed fn a t'moi n Ic n ld t a Ho ln h sf i dt saej 1 8 camsa an tte e
n h ee d n s to , o cu e h t ga a al o tt 9 3 li g is h s
e
de e nt a ' t tt i m oton t d s is mus be g an e . An a oprae or r wilis
f nda s nd ha her
i o im s
t
r td
ppr i t de l s ue
he e t
r wih.

TheClr i die t d t s nd c esoft sm r a l opi ona ac om pa ngor r
e k s r c e o e opi
hi mor ndlm ni nd c
nyi
de
t pl i ifa t co elofr c d f t de e nt.
o antf nd o uns
e or or he f nda s

M'
I
XREDtiî a o ln, 0 9
hs dGdy r u e2 1 .
e

E OR UNI
TED STA TES D I
STRI J D GE
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4