Ealy v. Clark

Filing 8

MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Senior Judge Glen E. Conrad on 12/07/2018. (aab)

CLERK' OFFI U.S.DI .
S
CE
ST COURT
ATRG NOKE, A
V
FIED
L

I TI UNITED STATES DISTRI T C OU RT
N IE
C
FO R TH E W ESTER N DISTRICT OF V I G I
R NIA
RO AN O K E DIW SIO N

DE2 27 2 1
28
BJuL
Y

.

;

D

E

JOH N M ARK EA LY ,
Pett oner,
ii
V.

H ARO LD CLARK ,DIRECTO R,
R es
pondent
.

)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)

E èL
: ERK
C

CASE NO.7: CV00
18
284

M EM OM NDUM OPI ON
NI
By:Hon. e E.Conr
Gln
ad
Se orUnie St esDititJudge
ni
td at src

The pe ii ,a V igi a i a e pr
ttoner
r ni nm t oceedi pr K ,fl t s acton as a pe ii f a
ng o
ied hi i
tton or
.

wrtofha a c r ,purua tt 28U. C.j2254. He se c r-r rd DNA tsig of
i
be s opus s n o
S.
e ks ou todee
etn

e d nc fo hi sae ci na c s a hab sc pusrle fom t sae c tj
vie e rm s tt rmi l a e nd ea or eif r he tt our udgme t
n
u rw hi h h i c fne Th co tc l st tt pe ii m us bes m a iy dim i s d.
nde
c ç s on i d. e ur onc ude ha he tton
t um rl s s e 1

A j yi t Ta welCo yCic tCour c nvit J MakEal o rpi ac l
ur n he ze l unt rui
t o ced ohn r y f a ng hid
un rt a oft re n ye r,i vi ain ofVigi a Co Ann.j 1 2- ,an oft ng
de he ge hite as n olto
r ni de
8. 61 d aki
i ec n lbe tesw ih a c l un rt e a off ure n ye r ,w ih w ho he ha a c t a or
nd e t i ri
t hid de h ge o te a s t
m
d us odi l

spevior r ai hi i vi ai ofVigi aCod Ann. j 1 2- 0.( ( ) TheCo to
u r s y eltons p,n olton
r ni e
8. 37 1A)vi.
ur f
Ap a s o Vigi a a fr ed Ea y' c vi tons Eal v. Co . N o. 269 04- 20 W L
pe l f r ni fim
l s on c i .
y
m,
4- 3, 06

37981 2 ( .Ct App.De .28 2006 . Cou trc dso i i c t t tEay' s e nt
7 Va .
c , )
r e or nlne ndiae ha l s ubsque
appealt t Supr e CourtofV igi a w as r us and hi petton f r
o he
em
r ni
ef ed,
s ii or ehearng w as deni
i
ed
on Se ember24,2007.
pt

1 Un e Rue4()o teRue Go enn j2 5 Cae,te cu tma s mmai ds s a j2 5
d r l b f h ls v rig 2 4 ss h o r y u rl imis
y
24
peiin i i i ce fom t peii a atc e t t tt peii ri no e ttedt rleffom t sc r.
tto f t s lar r he tton nd ta hm n s ha he ttone s t n il o ei r hi ou t

-

The cour ofa
t ppeal hel t :
s d hat

gl e de ee tbls l t tEaymove it hi gilre shomei J nuay
the vi nc sa ihedl ha l
d no s rfind'
na r
2003. The vitm ,Eal s gilrend' el
ci
y' rf i s evenyear- d daught r,alo lved i t
ol
e s i
n he
hom e. The vi i t tfed t t Eal began s
ctm es i
ha
y
exualy abusng her s aft he
l
i
oon er
m oved i w ih her m ot
n t
her. Event l Eal had sexual i er s w ih t
ualy, y
nt cour e t he
vi i aswel. The vi i r
ctm
l
ctm eport t abus i M ar 2003.
ed he
en
ch

Eay,20 W L 37981 a *1.
l 06
72 t
Durng t i s i ton of t s c i e ,t Co m o alh s i e ie s of be ln
i he nve tga i
he e rm s he m nwe t e z d t m
d i en
a a pa r of ad ts z d w o e s unde pa t . A c or n t Ea y, a f e i s e r
nd
i
ul- i e
m n'
r ns
c di g o l
or nsc xpe t
r
ecom m ended,and t cour or ed,DN A t tng on al of t e iem s f com pars t t
he
t der
es i
1 hes t
or
ion o he

DN A oft e c l s m o he . The Com m on e lh t t d o y t unde pa t a di no ob a n
h hid' t r
w a t ese nl he
r n s nd d t t i
t m ot ' DNA f t tng. Eal pl
he hers
or es i
y eaded notguit a m ai ai hi i
ly nd nt ned s nnocence t oughout
hr

t pr c e ngs H i a t m pt t o ai a tona DNA t tng we e d ni Ea y c
he o e di . s te s o bt n ddii l
esi
r e ed. l ompl i
a ns
t tatt al t Com m onw ealh r pr ent t t under sbel
ha ri , he
t e es ed hat he
pant onged t t m i vi i and
o he nor ctm

us d t r s t o DN A t s i g oft und r nt G s a ne o physc f c st co c Ea y o
e he e uls f
e tn
he e pa s ç
a
xus f
i al a t o nvi t l f
s w ih am i ' Pet 31,ECF N o.1. Eal cont
ex t
nor.
' .
y
endst Ct M ot us herow n under
hat Ghe
her ed
wear

t i iae( l i a sx a twihte mi (a tr.' 1 a 23.Hecli t tt tng
o mplc t Eay) n e c t h nor d ughel' d. t
ams ha esi
a ia ea t tmeoftilE oul no ditng s bewe npae a c l s DNA, butt t
valbl t he i
ra s d t si uih t e rnt nd hidt)
c
' ha
'
curenty avaiabl t tm et
r l
l e es
hodscoul do so. l
d
d.
On Oct
ober 17,2008,Eal Gl a petton f a w rtofhabeascor i t cicui court
y ed
ii or
i
pus n he r t
t alegedl r s DN A isues. That cour de ed t petton, and on M ay 27, 2009,t
hat l
y aied
s
t ni he ii
he

Supt m e Cour o V igi a dim is Eal s ha e a a on pr c ur lgr nds Eay hasa s
e
t f r ni s s ed y' b as ppe l
o ed a ou . l
lo
fl m otons i t ti courti 2010 and agai i 201 r at t DN A t tng. Bot m otons
ied
i n he ral
n
n n 5, el ed o
es i
h
i
wer deni l denyi t 2010 moton,t cicui courts at
e
ed. n
ng he
i he r t
t ed:

2

Thi c us c me bef r t Cou ton De e nts M oton f Cole ton a
s a e a
o e he
r
f nda '
i or lc i nd
Te tng o Hum a B i o c Evi e .
si f
n ol gi al d nce
D e e da r que t t t bi ogi l t s i of a s
f n nt e s s ha ol ca e tng
ampl f om t vi tm '
e r
he c i s
m ot ... conduct t elm i t her ast cont i oroft s m en f
her be
ed o i na e
he
rbut
he peci
ound
on pantes bel ng t t vi i and pr ent as evi
i
ongi o he ctm
es ed
dence i t cas agai t
n he e
ns
t D ef
he endant
.
The V igi a Cou tofAppe s is e a w rte o ni i t sca e on Augus 4,
r ni
r
al s u d
it n pi on n hi s
t
2005 hol ng t a t Ta e e lCou y Cic tCou tdi note r i e i ii s lva
di h t he z w l
nt r ui
r d
r n lc tng a i
s mpl f o t De e n i c nne to wih t ph i ale de e pr s n e
a es r m he f nda t n o c i n t he ysc vi nc e e t d.
Furt t Cour of Appeal f
her he
t
s ound t exper anal s w as conduct on t
hat
t
ysi
ed
he
pa te a r ve l d a s g fc nta oun ofs r o t pa te c it ntwih
n i s nd e a e
i nii a m t pe m n he n i s ons se
t
t D ef ndants DN A ,as w el as fui m at hi t vi i ' DN A i er per
he
e
'
l ld
c ng he ctm s
nt s sed
w ih t Def
t he endants s m . Furt t f ensi s ents t tt t no ot
' per
her he or c ci it es iied hat
her
DN A was f
ound on t pa i
he ntes.
Pe .
t Exhi t ,a 36,
bis t ECF N o.1 1
-.

Eay sgne a d td t s j225 peii o J 1 201 sai u rpe t of
l i d nd ae hi
4 tton n une 7, 8, ttng nde naly

pej r t thewasas plcng hi peii i teprs malng s tm ont tdae. Eal s
ruy ha
lo a i s tton n h ion ii yse
ha t
y'
peii prs nst f lwi c ntnto a grundsf r ifunde j2254:
tton e e t he olo ng o e ins s o
or ele
r
1 The c th dicei u r21 U. C.j8 q( t or rne
.
our as s rton nde
S.
48()9) o de w
DNA t tng t i reas
esi hat s
onabl necess y t s
y
ar o uppol Eal s cl m of act
' y' ai
t
ual
i
nnocence;

2. The c r i e po e e t o de t c t di ns o t e de t
ou t s m w r d o r r he us o a f he vi nce o
m ake i avaiabl t a prvat entt f t tng;
t l e o i e iy or es i
3. The cour i em pow er t or t Com m onw ea1h t r ai and
ts
ed o der he
t o et n
pr erve evi
es
dence f DNA t tng;
or
es i

4. Th d l eae d c p in o te til c u t a d j r tr u h te
. e ei rt e e to f h ra o r n u y h o g h
b
prsntto o d wnflee de e'i omplt DNA tsi )vi ae Eay'
ee ain f d
kno as vi nc '(nc ee
etng oltd l s
Si ha Foure n hAme me rght, t 1 ,ECF No.1
xt nd
te t
nd nt i s Pe. 0
9

5. No r s bl j orwo d ha fund Eay guit a trrviw ofa
eaona e ur
ul ve o
l ly fe e e
compl e DNA t t
et
es ;

6.I i amic rigeofj tc t c i icac ai EaywhieDNA
t s sara
usie o ontnue n rertng l l
evi
dencew ilpr t t tm ony t be f audul ,m alci and i pr ;
l ove he es i
o r
ent
i ous,
m oper

3

7. The c ts d r viw t W rtofl noc nc Pr e r u rVa
our houl e e he i
n e e öc du e nde .

CodeAnn.j 1 2-716 ,b c us t saec terd a vi ae Eal sdu
9. 3 4) e a e he tt our re nd oltd y' e
pr
ocessrght by denyi r i w ihoutat i oran appeal
i s
ng elef t
ral
;
8. I r ton i o evi
ntoduc i nt
dence and t recor of a pari and i
he
d
tal
ncom pl e
et
DN A t twas m a eraland s t i m ir es a i of f s,i vi aton of
es
t i
ubsantal s epr ent ton
act n ol i
duepr
ocess;

9.Vigi aCodej1 2- 4/) rgadi sorg ofDNA e de e i
r ni
9. 270. , e r ng t a e
vi nc , s
unc ns iuto l be a e t s s c i i u nf c a e a i tt Com m onwe t
o tt i na , c us hi e ton s ne or e bl ga ns he
alh
a l bee us d t de t o e de e a d pr hi t i pe ch e off c s' Pe .
nd û
has n e o s r y vi nc n o bi m a m nt a t ,' t
18,ECF N o.1;&nd

1 Vigi aCod j1 2327.,alwi amoto by ac vitd fl
0. r ni
e 9.- 1 lo ng
in
on ce eon
f pos - onvi to DNA t s i i unc ns iuto lbe au e s h a m o i c n be
or tc c i n
e tng, s o tt i na c s uc
ton a
deni w ihouta hearng oran appeal
ed t
i
;
Eal beleves t t s cour s d or DN A t tng of evi
y i
hat hi
t houl der
es i
dence r a ed t hi convi i
elt o s
cton,
conduc an e dentar hearng,and voi and vacat t conviton.
t vi i y
i
d
e he
ci
l
1.

A fdea ha a c p u rj2 mus b fldwihi o ye rfo t lts of
e rl be s orus nde 254 t e ie t n ne a rm he aet :

( te d t o whc tej d me tb c me fn lb t e c n lso o
A) h ae n ih h u g n e a ia y h o cu in f
die tr vi w ort e pia i oft tm e f s e ng s h r viw ;
rc e e
he x r ton he i or e ki uc e e

( t daeonwhih t i di ntt fln a a iai cetd b
B) he t
c he mpe me o iig n pplc ton rae y
St t acton i vi aton of t Cons iuton or l s of t Unied St es i
a e i n ol i
he
tt i
aw
he
t
at s
r oved,i t applcantwaspr vent f om f lng by s St t acton;
em
f he
i
e ed r ii
uch a e i

( t dae o whih t c ttton rgh a sred wa i taly
C) he t n
c he onsiui al i t se t
s nii l
r
ecogni by t Supr
zed
he
eme Cour,i t rghthas been new l r
t f he i
y ecogni by t
zed
he
Supr e Cour and m ade r r i y a i et cas on colat alr ew ;or
em
t
etoactvel pplcabl o es
l er evi

( te d t o whih t fcua prdiae of t cl m o cli
D) h ae n
c he at l e c t
he ai r ams
pr nt coul have been dicover t ough t exer s ofdue dii
ese ed
d
s
ed hr
he
cie
lgence.

28U. C.j22 d)1 .I t dititc r gi t peiine notcet tt moi a pe r t
S.
44( () f he src ou t ves he tto r i ha he ton p as o
be untm el and alow s hi an opport t t pr de any ar ent and evi
i y
l
m
uniy o ovi
gum
dence r di
egar ng
tm elness a t pettone f l t m ake t r st s i t dit i cour m ay
i i , nd he ii r ais o
he equi ie how ng, he s rct
t

s
ummaiyds s t peii Se Hilv. a on, F. 701 70 ( hCi. )
rl imis he tton. e l Brxt 277 3d , 7 4t r2002 .

4

Upon r vi Eal s pe ii t cour notied hi t i appear t be untm el
ecei ng y' tton, he
t i
m hat t
ed o
i y
t

fld unde j22444 a grntd hi a o t t t pr de a tona if mai o
ie
r
d) nd a e m n pporuniy o ovi ddii l nor ton n
tm e i s . Ea y hass it a r s e.
i lne s l
ubm ted e pons

Byt tr ofj2244( ()A) ac nvito be ome fnal na ia ediec a pea
he ems
d)1( , o cin c s i whe valbl r t p l
p oc e ngsa e e ha t d. Eal s die ta a s i t sa e c r sco ude on Se e be 24,
r e di
r x us e
y' r c ppe l n he t t ou t ncl d
pt m r
2007,when t Supr e Cour ofV igi a deni r
he
em
t
r ni
ed ehearng. H i convi i t becam e fnal
i
s
ctons hen
i
on Decem ber 24,2007,w hen hi oppor uniy t Gl a pe ii f a wrt of ceri ar i t
s
t t o e
tton or
i
tor i n he

Unie Sae Su e Co te rd. Se Sup.Ct R.1 ( )(i t fl peiin f wrtof
td tts pr me ur xpie
e
. 3 1 tme o ie tto or i

c ri aie rs9 da atre l o fnalj
etorr xpie 0 ys fe ht' f i udgme by hi s saec t. Att tpoit
y
nt
ghet tt our)
ha n,
Eay' fd r flngpei unde j224 d)1( be nt r
l s e ealii rod
r
4( ()A) ga o un.
The r ng oft s a ut y perod i t l durng t pende of pr l fl s a e
unni
he t t or
i s oled i he
ncy
opery ied t t

c ur pos c ci pr e di . j 244()2) Forpur e oft sopi on,t c l wil
o t t onviton oc e ngs 2 d ( .
poss hi ni he ou' l
t
as um e t Eal pr l t ed hi s at habeaspetton on Oct
s
hat y opery il
ste
ii
ober 1 2008,and s opped t
7,
t
he

c oc a t r 298 da of t f de a f lng pe i ha e a e W he t e Su e e Cour of
l k fe
ys
he e r l ii
rod d l ps d.
n h
pr m
t
Vigi a dim i ed Eal s habeasappealon M a 27,2009,how ever t cl began t r once
r ni s ss
y'
y
, he ock
o un

moe. Eal s flng peid und r j22 d)1( e rd 67 da ltron Augus 3 2009.
r
y' ii ro
e
44( ()A) xpie
ys ae
t,
Bec us Eal fldhi j2254peiini J neo 20l ne ryni ye r atrhi sauoyflng
> e y se s
tto n u f 8, al ne as fe s tttr ii

peide pied t peiini u i yfldunde j224 d)1( .
ro x r ,he tto s ntmel ie
r
4( ()A)
The o y w a Eal m a ob a n r vi w of hi ha a c ai s i t de onsr t t t t
nl
y y y ti e e
s be s l m s o m t a e ha he

peiini tmel unde j22 d( )B) ( ,or( ,t te uia et lng a is oft theha
tto s i y
r 44()1( ,C) D) ha q tbl oli pple, ha
s
ma ace bl s wi ofç talinoc nc 't j tf sti a i t saut oflmiains
de rdi e ho ng G u n e e'o usiy etng sde he tt e i fto .
ac
SeeM c azn v. Peki , 9U. 38 38 87( 3. Eaydoe n c t ndt thi peii
oui i
r ns 56 S. 3, 6- 201 )2 l s ot on e ha s tton
2 Th c u t a o t ditra q oainmak , l rt n,a do ctt n h r a deswh r i ti
e o r h s mlt nen l u tt
e
o rs at ai s n /r iai s ee n le ee n hs
e o
o
opi o unl sot r s noe
nin, es hewie td.
5

i tmey u ra oft prvii i j224 *. Ge rly,e uia et lngoc ur onl i a
s i l nde ny he o sons n
44
neal q tbl oli c s y f
peii r s
ttone hows E() t t he ha be n pus ng hi rghs diie l a ( t t s
G1 ha
s e rui s i t lg nty, nd 2) ha ome
e r di y cicum st
xtaor nar r
ance s ood i hi way and pr
t
n s
event tm el fii ' H oland v.Fl i
ed i y lng.'
l
orda,

56 U. 631 6 ( 0) Eal ma snos hs ng.
0 S. , 49 201 . y ke
uc howi
I t ad Eal a gue t a be a e t e e de ce a i thi w a n s f c e tt pr ve hi
nse , y r s h t c us h vi n ga ns m s ot ufi i n o o
s
guit beyond a r
l
easonabl doubt t cour s d excus hi untm elnes under t act
e
, he
t houl
e s i i s
he ual

inoc nc e e ton.I M c Rxn,t Co t l t t( t li c e i pr d,s r e asa
n e e xc p i n oui i he ur hed ha i ua nno enc ,f ove e v s
ac
gat w ay t ough w hi a pe ii
e
hr
ch
ttoner m a pass't obt n m ert r ew of ot
y
' o ai
is evi
herwie untm el
s
i y

ha a cli . 56 U. a 387;Telg v.Zoo 80 F.d 8 8 (t Ci.201 ) (G
bè s ams 9 S. t
e uz
k, 6 3 03, 07 4h r 5 Ga
com peli show i of act i
lng
ng
ual nnocence enabl a f al courtt consder t m ert of a
es eder
o
i he
is

peii rsot r s d fule cl ms).Thea t i e cegae y i arr phe ome
ttone' hewie ea td ai '
cualnnoc n twa s ae n non:
(AJpeii rdoe no me tt t es d rquie n unls h pes de t dititc t
I
E
ttone s t e he hr hol e rme t e s e rua s he src our

t t i lgh oft ne e d nce noj or a tn raona y,woul h ve voe t fnd hi
ha, n i t he w vie , ur , cig e s bl
d a
td o i m
g ly be nd a raona edoub ' Sc up v Deo,51 U. 298 3 ( 995 Thi Sg wl
uit yo
e s bl
t' hl
l 3 S. , 29 1 :. s lne

e de mus etbls s fiin do a ut( peiine 'lgui t j tf t c l int t
vi nce t sa ih ufce t ubt bo a tto rs l o usiy he oncuso ha
t

hs( c reain wo l b amic rig o j tc u ls hsc n it n wa t ep o u to a
i i ac rto ) ud e sara e f usie nes i o vci
n
o s h rd c f
fitil' 1 a 31 (mpha i i o i n ) Acua i ce eçd sn byis lpr vi aba i
ar ra. d. t 6 e
'
ss n rgial. t lnno nc soe ot tef o de ss
frrle. I ta (he peii e 'lcli frrle de ndscii ly o t vai t ofhi
o eif nse d, t tton rs am o eif pe
rtcal n he ldiy
s
( oc dual d a td caml' 1 a 31 s e as Herr v.Coli ,5 U. 39 403
pr e r l efule li .' d. t 5; e lo rea
y
lns 06 S. 0,
(993) Moro r t a t nn e e e e in t dea tS a fcu i ce c not
1 ).
e ve, he cuali oc nc xc pto o ful t ns a tal nno n e,
me
meelga i ufkinc ' Bouse v.Unie Stts 5 U. 61 623( 998.
r e lns t e y.
'
ly
td ae , 23 S. 4, 1 )

6

Eal s (ne evi
y' l w
dence' alegedl s i hi act i
' l
y how ng s ual nnocence i t r t of t
s he esul
he
addii
tonalDN A t tng t he s
es i hat
eeks t obt n. H i t y cent s on t f t t hal of a
o ai
s heor
er
he act ha f
human bei sDN A com esfom each par . On t basi he cont
ng'
r
ent
hat s,
endst m or s s i ed
hat e ophitcat

t s i now a l bl m a d m ons r t t tt DN A o t unde pa s was f o t e vitnis
e tng
vaia e y e
t a e ha he
n he
r nt
r m h ci '
m o he ,r t r t an f o t vi tm . H e c a m s t a t n w t s r uls w il i pe h t e
t r a he h r m he c i
l i h t he e e t es t l m ac hes
wines es t tm ony and Sdet tvel es abls who pari pat i t s act' Pet 46,ECF
t s ' es i
s inii y t ih
tci ed n he ex
' .
N o. 1. H e alo cont
s
ends t DN A t tng of t beddi w ilr lectno DNA f Eal and
hat
es i
he
ng l et
rom
y

t pr vi e ul t y e d nc I s r he a gue't a t ne t tng wils w t tt
hus o de xc paor vie e. n ho q
r s h t he w esi
l ho ha he

Common at usd i omplt tsi t mila t j . a tt o roft un r ns
we lh e nc ee etng o se d he ul bou he wne he depa t,
y
t under i ng confdence i t f r
hus
m ni
i
n he ainessofhi ti .
s ral
The courtcannottnd fom Eal ssubm i onst he hasm ade a s sci l com peli
i r
y'
ssi hat
uf enty
lng

cam o at a in c n et o e teg twa h se s Th j r h adtsi n ta tesaes
li f cu ln o e c o p n h ae y e e k . e u y e r e t y h t h tt'
mo
DN A e r c ul no s y t t w ih one hu e pe c ntc rai y,t tui on t unde pa t
xpe t o d t a ha , t
ndr d r e e t nt he l d
he
r ns

wa fo t vitm. Se ge Pe.Ata h. a 1 21 ECF No.1 1 Thej y as he r
s rm he ci
e n. t tc , t 2- ,
-.
ur lo ad
tsi y t tt vitm' mohe ( y' f me gilre ga t und r nt t t
etmon ha he ci s t r Eal s or r rfind) ve he epa s o he

dee tve,sai ta t y beong t t vitm. I Yè,depies htsi ny,t j os
tci ttng h t he l ed o he ci d. t s t uc etmo he urr'
ver c cl l r l ed t rGndi t t vi i ' t tm ony aboutEal s s
dit eary etect hei
ng hat he ctm s es i
y' exualabus w as
e

c e bl be nd a r a o bl do t Eve a s i t t n w t s r uls w o d fnd t a t
r di e yo
e s na e ub .
n s um ng ha e e t es t ul i h t he
m ot ' DNA w as on t under s and Eal s DN A w as not on t beddi Eal f l t
hers
he
pant
y'
he
ng, y ais o

e pl i h t es f c swoul und r i t c e biiy oft vi tm ' de c i i s oft a e
x a n ow h e a t
d e m ne he r di lt
he c i s s rpton
he bus
ors w hi f c u i e e. Th ,t co tc l s t tEa y ha notm a a c pe lng
ho s a t al nnoc nc
us he ur onc ude ha l s
de om li

s ngt tno raona ej o c d tndhi g lyoft c i si lghtoft ne DNA
howi ha
e s bl urr oul s m uit he rme n i
he w
r tls he pr ct . A s s
esft
edi s
uch, he cannot i
nvoke t act i
he ual nnocence excepton t excus hi
i o
e s

7

fiur t fl atmey j2 peii Th rf e t co t l dimist peiin a untmel
al e o ie i l 254 tton. eeor,he ur wil s s he tto s i y

und rj224 d)1.
e
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11
1.

I a diin,ma y o Eay' cai aenotc ni bl unde j225 a a y tme. Tot
n d to
n f l s l ms r
og za e r
4tn i
he
ext t Eal s
qnt hat y eekst s courts or f DN A t tng,t petton m us be dim i s Cours
hi
' der or
es i he ii
t
s s ed.
t

mus Goc l o tene d t e ueta t saeprs r us onl ha a c pus( smia
t ç usl n h e o ns r h t he tt iones e y be s or or i lr
f
sae rme e whe te s e t i ldaet d ain oft i c i me t-eihe die ty
tt) e dis n h y e k o nvai t he urto
her ontne n- t r rcl

t o a ij tonc li s e e r e s ori ie tyt oughaj ca deemi to
hrugh n nunci ompelng pe dir elae ndrcl hr
udiil tr nain
t tnecess iy i ples t unl w f nes oft St e' cus ody.' W iki on v.Dot 544 U .
ha
arl m i he a ul s he at s t ' l ns
son,
S.

7 81( 05 .A cam f DNA t tng,e ni s c sulwo dnotne esa iys l s e e
4, 20 ) li or
esi ve f uc esf , ul
c srl pel pe dir
r l a e f o c t y be a e m e e y or rng DN A t tng w o d not i c t l h of
e e' r m us od
s
c us
r l de i
esi
ul
mpa t he engt

Eay' i aceai Se ,e. ,Ski rv.Swiz r 562U. 521 5 ( l. Thus s h rle
l s nc r rton. e 2. nne
te,
S. , 36 201 )
, uc eif
3
doesnotlew ihi $ he c e o ha a c r .' l .
i t n $ or f be s o pus' d
t

Eal as c nnotus j2254t c le et t vai t o t saeco tsr i sonhi
y lo a
e
o halng o he ldiy f he tt ur' ulng
s
pos- on c i n m oto u rs a e l w ,s e ng DNA pr s r to an t s i A f de alc r
tc vi to
i ns nde t t a e ki
e e va i n d e tng. e r ou t

ma ga t a e srl ffo asaec u tu g n i nyo t ego n ta (h p tt n r i i
y rn h b a ei rm tt o rj d me tû l n h r u d h t t e eio e gs n
e
o
i
c t i vi a i n o t Co tt i o I w s o te te of t Unie St t s' 28 U . C.
usody n ol to f he ns iuton r a
r r a is
he
td a e .
'
S.

j22544
$.
gl i no t prvi e o a fdea ha e c r t re mi saec t
lt s t he o nc f e rl b as ou t o e xa ne tt-our
det m i i on s a e-aw ques i
er natons
tt l
tons. I conductng habeas r ew , a f
n
i
evi
ederal
3 No ma t rwha lgal hi e r m e a i a e ma utlz ,t r i nos sa i du pr es rghta tr
te
t e ve cl e dy n nm t y ii e hee s ub tntve e oc s i fe
c ci t ha DNA e de e prs r ed ortse Dit Ator e sOfi f t Thid J ca Cic tv.
onviton o ve
vi nc e e v
e td, s. t n v' fce or he r udiil rui

Oson , 5 U.. 2 7 (0 9 . e as S in rv. wi e.5 2 U. 5 , 2 (01) S c ad fn atma
b re 5 7 S 5 , 2 2 0 ) se lo kn e S t r 6 S. 21 5 5 2 1. u h ee d n y
,
z
ha apr ecedçlbet it e ti d
ve ot t çi ry ners n emonsr i hi i oce ewih ne e de eun saelm 'Os ne 55
tatng s nn nc t w vi nc der tt a ' bor . 7

U. .a 6 , n ma p ru a j 1 2 p o e u a d ep o e s cam i t a c n e t S in r 5 2 U. . t5 4 2 .
S t 8 a d y use
9 3 r c d r l u r c s li n h t o tx . kn e , 6 S a 2 - 5
Be a s Eay h sn tna d a p o e d fn a t f ra j 1 2 a t n t e c u td ci e t c n tu hs c re t
c u e l a o me r p r e e d n o
9 3 ci , h o r e l s o o sr e i u r n
o
n
s b sin a aj1 8 c mpan .
u miso s 9 3 o lit
8

c ti lm ie t d i ng whe he a c c i vi a e t Co tt i l w sor
our s i t d o ec di
t r onviton olt d he ns iuton, a

te te ofte Unie Stts Esel v.Mc r ,5 U. 62,67- ( 991;
rais h
td ae . tle
Guie 02 S.
69 1 )
W rah v.
i t AnRel ,1 F.d 1 ,1 (t Ci.1 )($ti blc lte lw t t
one 51 3 51 57 4h r 998 & s a k etr a ha
1
afdea c tma grntha a rle onl ontegrundta (hepeii r i
e rl our y a be s eif y h o h t t ttone) s
i cusody i vi aton of t Cons iuton or l
n
t
n ol i
he
tt i
aws or tea i of t Unied
r tes
he
t

Sae .)( tto maksomitd .Be a et spatc a ag ntrsss el
tts' quoain r
'
te ) c us hi riulr rume e t ol y
upo a itr eai of(ttqsauor lw,i i smpl notco z bl o
n n neprtton sae ttt y a t s i y
gnia e n
f ralhabeasr ew .
ede
evi

Lar v.Brnke,552F.d 35 3 ( h Ci.20 . Si lry,cl msalgig deet i sae
ry
a r
3 6, 68 4t r 09) mial ai le n fcs n tt
pos t convi i pr
cton ocedut do not cons iut gr
es
tt e ounds f f
or ederal habeas r i , because s
elef
uch

cl i s a tc a c l t r pr e di nott b i f t e de e i n is l . Tr vi v.J hns
a m ta k ola e al oc e ng,
he ass or h t nto t e f e no
o on,

1 F. 1 ,1 (t Ci.1 9) Br ntv. r a 8 F. 492, ( hCi!1 8 .
68 3d 73 80 5h r 99 ; va Maylnd, 48 2d
493 4t r 98 )

Eay' c tni t tt sae c ur mia id sae 1w i aj cai hi moto
l s one ton ha he tt o t spple tt a n dudi tng s ins
concenzng DN A t tng i i ess
i
es i s, n ence,an appeal Low er f al court,lke t s one,do not
.
eder
s i hi

ha j idito t rviw t j me so saec t on a al Pl e v.Moor,1 F.
ve urs cin o e e he udg nt f tt ours ppe . ylr
e 29 3d
728,7 (t Ci. 1 97 . J idci fr a lt rviw of sae c tj gme s les
31 4h r 9 ) urs iton o ppelae e e
tt our ud nt i
excl vel w ih superorsat court and,uli at y,wih t U nied St es Supr e Court l ;
usi y t
i te
s
tm el t he t
at
em
. d.

28U. C.j1 7.
S. 25

Fi l Eaycts1 U. C.j8 4)a d Cherxv. a on,1 F.Sup 2d756( D.
nal l ie 8 S. 48q n
y,
ri Brxt 3l
p.
E.
Va 2001,a s ppor f hi moi f rtsig ofe de e.Th Cherxde ii howe r
. ) s u t or s ton or eetn
vi nc
e ri cson,
ve,
concer a f m er sat or pr son applcabl onl t ha
ned or
t ut y ovii
i e y o beas cor actons chalengi a
pus i
l ng

dee n ' c nvito frc pialmur r Se 21U. C.j 8 ( (e ae . Ac or ngl
fnda ts o cin o a t
de. e
S.
48q) rpe ld) c di y,
neihe j8 ( nort Cherxd iinofe Eal agrundf rle unde j225
t r 48q) he ri ecso fr y o or eif r
4.

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W .

Fort sae r%o ,hec ur c ncud st tEay' j225 peiinmus besl rl
he ttd e nst o t o l e bn l s
4 tto
t lmmaiy

ds se a t l l fld a do a riig cnmK n t c g ia l t e j2 5 An
imisd s mtmey t n /r s asn ll o o nz be md r 2 4.
e
a pk praeo de wlle e t sd y.
p o it r r l ntr hi a

The Clr i die d t s nd co e o t s me l d ophih a a c
e k s r de o e
pis f hi mor um
o nd c ompa yi
n ng
or rt Eay.
de o l

ENI Thi n< d yofDe e r2018.
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a
c mbe,

Se orUnie Stt sDiG c J
ni
t d ae s t udge

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